Ship lock structure for creating opening lock operation conditions

Abstract

The ship lock structure comprises a ship lock and an upstream approach channel connected with the head of the ship lock, auxiliary guide walls are arranged on the two sides of the upstream approach channel respectively, and the auxiliary guide walls are arranged on the two sides of the upstream approach channel according to the lengths of the auxiliary guide walls on the two sides of the upstream approach channel. A plurality of berthing piers are arranged on the riverway at the ends, away from the ship lock, of the auxiliary guide walls on one side or two sides at intervals in the length direction of the corresponding auxiliary guide walls towards the upstream of the riverway, and the upper ends of the berthing piers stretch out of the water surface of the riverway. Water passing channels are formed between every two adjacent berthing piers located on the same side and between the auxiliary guide walls and the adjacent berthing piers, and water retaining devices capable of controlling water flow to be closed and opened are arranged in the water passing channels. The temporary flow separation wall is additionally arranged on the auxiliary guide wall, and the water filling cushion layer is additionally arranged in the lock chamber, so that the local water surface gradient of the elevation steep drop section of the lock chamber is obviously improved, and the passing safety of the ship is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship engineering, and in particular to a ship lock structure for creating conditions for opening a ship lock. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the national economy, inland water transport has an increasing demand for the capacity of navigation buildings. If the capacity of the ship lock is less than the capacity of the waterway, it is easy to cause a navigation bottleneck, which cannot fundamentally guarantee the safety of ship navigation and reduce the overall benefits of the waterway regulation project. The opening of the ship lock is an abnormal operating condition, but it can significantly improve the navigation efficiency of the ship lock, reduce transportation costs, alleviate navigation pressure, promote the improvement of waterway transportation efficiency, and help the development of the water economy. It has broad application prospects in coastal or tidal river sections where water transportation is developed and the ship lock may have bidirectional head or low head conditions. Therefore, the research on the operating conditions of the lock opening is also increasing.

[0003] Generally, the construction of ship locks does not take into account the operation of ship locks. Therefore, even under the condition of low head, it is still difficult to achieve the operation conditions of the ship locks to facilitate the safe passage of ships. Under the conditions of the ship locks, there will be a local high water surface gradient. The larger the gradient, the faster the water flow, and the flow rate may also increase. This will cause the speed of water flowing through the gate to increase when the lock is opened, so the ship will need to face a stronger water flow when passing through the gate, which may increase the risk of navigation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a ship lock structure for creating operating conditions for opening the lock, which can reduce the water surface gradient when the lock is opened and improve the safety of ship passage.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A ship lock structure for creating conditions for opening a lock, comprising a ship lock and an upstream pilot channel connected to the ship lock head, wherein both sides of the upstream pilot channel are respectively provided with guiding walls, and according to the respective lengths of the guiding walls on both sides of the upstream pilot channel, a plurality of mooring piers are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corresponding guiding wall on the river channel at one end of the guiding wall away from the ship lock toward the upstream of the river channel, wherein the upper ends of the mooring piers extend above the water surface of the river channel, and a water passage is formed between two adjacent mooring piers on the same side and between the guiding wall and its adjacent mooring piers, wherein a water retaining device capable of controlling the closure of water flow is arranged in the water passage.

[0006] When the lock is not open, the water retaining device controls the water passage to be open, which will not affect the water flow. When the lock is open, the water retaining device controls the water passage to be closed. At this time, the water retaining device is combined with the pier to form a temporary flow barrier extending outward on the guidance wall, thereby extending the length of the pilot channel. Through the extended pilot channel, the water flow has a longer distance to adjust and stabilize before entering the ship lock. The longer pilot channel helps to slow down the water flow speed and reduce the water flow energy, thereby reducing the water surface gradient, thereby improving the safety and comfort of ships when passing through the ship lock.

[0007] As an optimization, a water-filled cushion is installed at the bottom of the lock chamber and at the upstream of the lock chamber. The water-filled cushion is made of flexible material and is divided into a plurality of water-filled chambers. Two adjacent water-filled chambers are provided with interconnected water-filled holes. The lock is provided with a cushion water-filling control device capable of filling and discharging water in the water-filled cushion. When the water-filled cushion is in a full state, the water-filled cushion has a downwardly inclined slow-falling slope from one end facing the upstream direction of the lock chamber to one end facing the downstream direction of the lock chamber. The two ends of the slow-falling slope along the width direction of the lock chamber are respectively close to the two side walls of the lock chamber. The top of the slow-falling slope is in contact with the bottom surface of the upstream navigation channel, and the bottom of the slow-falling slope extends to the bottom of the lock chamber. In order to adapt to the upstream and downstream water level difference, a steep drop area will be formed at the lock chamber and the upper gate segment. When the lock is opened, the flow velocity and water surface gradient in the area change dramatically, which will lead to poor navigation conditions for ships. The large drop will increase the water flow speed, which may cause difficulties in ship control and increase navigation risks. In the present invention, when the ship lock needs to be opened, water is filled into the water-filled cushion layer through the cushion layer water filling control device. When the water-filled cushion layer is full, a transitional slow-descent slope will be formed between the navigation channel and the upstream of the ship lock chamber. In this way, the previous steep drop section is adjusted to a gentle slope section, which can significantly improve the local water surface gradient of the steep drop section of the lock chamber elevation.

[0008] As an optimization, the slope ratio of the descending slope is less than or equal to 1:5.

[0009] As an optimization, the water retaining device includes a slide groove opened on the mooring piers located on both sides of the water passage and on the mooring piers and the guiding wall, the slide groove is a T-shaped groove and extends vertically, the two ends of the slide groove are respectively close to the upper and lower ends of the mooring pier and the guiding wall where they are located, a plurality of sliders are arranged in the slide groove, both of which can slide and cooperate with the slide groove in the vertical direction, the top of the mooring pier and the guiding wall and the positions of the slide grooves thereon are respectively pierced with rope holes connected with the slide groove in the vertical direction, the top of the mooring pier and the guiding wall and the positions of the rope holes are respectively installed with winch devices, a pull rope is wound on the winch device, one end of the pull rope away from the winch device passes through the corresponding rope hole and extends into the slide groove, the pull rope located in the slide groove passes through all the sliders located in the slide groove from top to bottom in sequence, the pull rope and the slider are arranged at a distance, the pull rope is located in the slide groove and a limit device that can abut against the slider is arranged below the bottom slider; the water retaining device also It comprises a water-filled curtain arranged in the water-passing channel, the top of the water-filled curtain is fixedly connected with a mounting bracket and is fixedly connected to the mooring pier and the guidance wall located above the water surface of the river channel through the mounting bracket, the water-filled curtain is made of flexible material, the interior of the water-filled curtain is divided into a plurality of water-proof chambers, and a connecting hole that is interconnected is arranged between two adjacent water-proof chambers, the mooring pier is also provided with a curtain water-filling control device that can fill and discharge water in the water-filled curtain, the two side edges of the water-filled curtain are respectively fixedly connected with connecting brackets at intervals in the vertical direction, the number of connecting brackets on the same side is consistent with the number of sliders, the connecting brackets extend into the slide slot and are rotatably connected with the corresponding slide slot; when the winch device unwinds the pull rope downward, the water-filled curtain can be unfolded downward and can shield the water-passing channel where it is located, and when the winch device reels the pull rope upward, the pull rope can pull the slider upward through the limiting device so that the water-filled curtain can be folded above the water surface of the river channel. When the river channel needs to be blocked, the winch device unwinds the pull rope downwards, and when the slider is not limited by the limit device, it will slide downwards under the action of the gravity of the water-filled curtain, and the water-filled curtain will also unfold downwards toward the bottom of the river channel until the water-filled curtain is fully unfolded. The water-filled curtain can block the water passage and fill it with water to improve stability. When the ship lock is not in operation, there is no need for a temporary flow barrier. After the water in the water-filled curtain is pumped out, the winch device reels the pull rope upwards, and the limit device will abut against the lowest slider and push the slider upward. When the lower slider moves upward, it will abut against the upper slider, so that the upper slider can be driven to move upward together until all sliders abut against the upper end of the slide; while the lower slider moves upward, the water-filled curtain begins to fold upward from the lower end until it folds above the water surface of the river channel along with the slider.

[0010] As an optimization, the mooring pier is a cylindrical structure, which has a small flow resistance effect on the water flow.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the invention adds a temporary flow-blocking wall on the guiding wall and a water-filled cushion layer in the lock chamber, which significantly improves the local water surface gradient of the steep drop section of the lock chamber and ensures the safety of ship passage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 A top view of the ship lock of the present invention when the ship lock is opened and in operation; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the water-filled cushion layer in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the water retaining device in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the invention product is usually placed when used, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", etc. do not mean that the components are absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ship lock structure for creating the conditions for opening the lock in this specific embodiment includes a ship lock 1 and an upstream pilot channel 2 connected to the head of the ship lock 1, and the two sides of the upstream pilot channel 2 are respectively provided with guidance walls 3. According to the respective lengths of the guidance walls 3 on both sides of the upstream pilot channel 2, a plurality of mooring piers 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corresponding guidance walls 3 on one side or both sides of the river channel away from the ship lock 1 toward the upstream of the river channel. The upper ends of the mooring piers 4 extend above the water surface of the river channel, and a water passage is formed between two adjacent mooring piers 4 on the same side and between the guidance wall 3 and its adjacent mooring piers 4. A water retaining device capable of controlling the closure of water flow is arranged in the water passage.

[0016] In this specific embodiment, a water-filled cushion layer 5 is installed at the bottom of the lock chamber of the ship lock 1 and at the upstream of the lock chamber of the ship lock 1. The water-filled cushion layer 5 is made of a flexible material and is divided into a plurality of water-filled chambers. A water-filling hole that is interconnected is provided between two adjacent water-filled chambers. A cushion water filling control device capable of filling and discharging water in the water-filled cushion layer 5 is installed on the ship lock 1. When the water-filled cushion layer 5 is in a full state, the water-filled cushion layer 5 has a direction from one end toward the upstream direction of the lock chamber of the ship lock 1 to the direction toward the ship lock 1. A slow-descent slope is provided at one end of the lock chamber in the downstream direction, and the two ends of the slow-descent slope along the width direction of the lock chamber of the ship lock 1 are respectively close to the two side walls of the lock chamber of the ship lock 1, the top of the slow-descent slope is connected to the bottom surface of the upstream pilot channel 2, and the bottom of the slow-descent slope extends to the bottom of the lock chamber of the ship lock 1, and the slope ratio of the slow-descent slope is 1:5. In addition, floating mooring posts are arranged on the walls on both sides of the lock chamber of the ship lock 1, and the water-filled cushion layer 5 is connected to the floating mooring post, and is sunk to the bottom of the lock chamber together with the floating mooring post and the counterweight block.

[0017] In this specific embodiment, the water retaining device includes slide grooves provided on the mooring pier 4 located on both sides of the water passage and on the mooring pier 4 and the guiding wall 3. The slide groove is a T-shaped groove and is vertically extended. The two ends of the slide groove are respectively close to the upper and lower ends of the mooring pier 4 and the guiding wall 3 where they are located. A plurality of sliders are provided in the slide groove, each of which can slide with the slide groove in the vertical direction. The tops of the mooring pier 3 and the guiding wall 4 and the positions corresponding to the slide grooves thereon are respectively provided with A rope hole connected to the chute, a winch device 6 is installed at the top of the mooring pier 3 and the guidance wall 4 and at the position corresponding to the rope hole, a pull rope is rolled up on the winch device 6, and the end of the pull rope away from the winch device 6 passes through the corresponding rope hole and extends into the chute, the pull rope in the chute passes through all the sliders in the chute from top to bottom in sequence, the pull rope and the slider are spaced apart, the pull rope is in the chute and a limit device that can abut against the slider is set below the bottom slider; the water retaining device It also includes a water-filled curtain 7 arranged in the water-passing channel, the top of the water-filled curtain 7 is fixedly connected with a mounting bracket and is fixedly connected to the mooring pier 4 and the guidance wall 3 located above the water surface of the river channel through the mounting bracket, the water-filled curtain 7 is made of flexible material, the interior of the water-filled curtain 7 is divided into a plurality of water-proof chambers, and a connecting hole that is interconnected is arranged between two adjacent water-proof chambers, and a curtain water-filling control device that can fill and discharge water in the water-filled curtain 7 is also installed on the mooring pier 4, and the two side edges of the water-filled curtain 7 are respectively fixedly connected with connecting brackets at intervals in the vertical direction, and the number of connecting brackets on the same side is consistent with the number of sliders, and the connecting brackets extend into the slide slot and are rotatably connected to the corresponding slide slot; when the winch device 6 unwinds the pull rope downward, the water-filled curtain 7 can be unfolded downward and can block the water-passing channel where it is located, and when the winch device 6 reels the pull rope upward, the pull rope can pull the slider upward through the limiting device so that the water-filled curtain 7 can be folded above the water surface of the river channel.

[0018] In this specific implementation, the mooring pier 4 is a cylindrical structure.

[0019] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ship lock structure for creating conditions for opening a lock, comprising a ship lock and an upstream navigation channel connected to the ship lock head, wherein both sides of the upstream navigation channel are respectively guidance walls, and characterized in that: According to the lengths of the guidance walls on both sides of the upstream pilot channel, a number of mooring piers are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corresponding guidance wall on the river channel at one end of the guidance wall on one side or both sides away from the ship lock toward the upstream of the river channel. The upper ends of the mooring piers extend above the water surface of the river channel. A water passage is formed between two adjacent mooring piers on the same side and between the guidance wall and its adjacent mooring piers. A water retaining device capable of controlling the closure of water flow is arranged in the water passage.

2. The ship lock structure for creating the conditions for opening the lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water-filled cushion is installed at the bottom of the lock chamber and upstream of the lock chamber. The water-filled cushion is made of flexible material and is internally divided into a plurality of water-filled chambers. Interconnected water-filled holes are arranged between two adjacent water-filled chambers. A cushion water filling control device capable of filling and discharging water in the water-filled cushion is installed on the lock. When the water-filled cushion is in a full state, the water-filled cushion has a slow-descent slope that slopes downward obliquely from one end toward the upstream direction of the lock chamber to one end toward the downstream direction of the lock chamber. The two ends of the slow-descent slope along the width direction of the lock chamber are respectively close to the two side walls of the lock chamber, the top of the slow-descent slope is in contact with the bottom surface of the upstream navigation channel, and the bottom end of the slow-descent slope extends to the bottom of the lock chamber.

3. The ship lock structure for creating the conditions for opening the lock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slope ratio of the descending slope is less than or equal to 1:

5.

4. The ship lock structure for creating the conditions for opening the lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam is an angular channel that is adapted to move the cam forwardly and downwardly from one end of the cam to another end of the cam, the cam being configured to move the cam forwardly and the cam being configured to move the cam forwardly and the cam being configured to move the cam forwardly and the cam being configured to move the cam forwardly and the cam being configured to move the cam forwardly and the cam being configured to move the cam forwardly. A water-filled curtain is placed in the water-passing channel, and the top of the water-filled curtain is fixedly connected to a mounting bracket and is fixedly connected to the mooring pier and the guidance wall above the water surface of the river channel through the mounting bracket. The water-filled curtain is made of flexible material, and the interior of the water-filled curtain is divided into a plurality of water-proof chambers, and a connecting hole that is interconnected is provided between two adjacent water-proof chambers. A curtain water-filling control device that can fill and discharge water in the water-filled curtain is also installed on the mooring pier. The side edges of the water-filled curtain are respectively fixedly connected with connecting brackets at intervals in the vertical direction. The number of connecting brackets on the same side is consistent with the number of sliders. The connecting brackets extend into the slide slot and are rotatably connected to the corresponding slide slot. When the winch device unwinds the pull rope downward, the water-filled curtain can be unfolded downward and can block the water-passing channel where it is located. When the winch device reels the pull rope upward, the pull rope can pull the slider upward through the limiting device so that the water-filled curtain can be folded above the water surface of the river channel.

5. The ship lock structure for creating lock operation conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring pier is a cylindrical structure.

Images