Mining preparation method for gently inclined thick and large ore body considering panel ore pillar recovery

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining preparation method for a gently inclined thick and large ore body considering panel ore pillar recovery, and belongs to the technical field of mining. A mining preparation method for a gently inclined thick and large ore body giving consideration to panel ore pillar recovery comprises the following steps that S1, a south cutting roadway and a north cutting roadway are arranged on the two sides of a mining area ore pillar correspondingly, one cutting roadway serves as a cutting groove, and the other cutting roadway serves as a mining combined roadway; s2, adjusting the ore removal horizontal panel linked roadway arranged in the center of the mining area pillar to the other side of the ore removal linked roadway; s3, tunneling a cross gateway to communicate the ore removal horizontal panel linked roadway with the ore removal roadway and the panel winze; s4, a triangular ore pillar with a certain height for ensuring the ore removal stability is reserved above the ore removal combined roadway; s5, during ore pillar recovery, an ore removal access road is constructed between the ore removal horizontal panel connected roadway and the ore removal connected roadway, the ore removal horizontal panel connected roadway serves as a trench roadway, and the ore removal connected roadway serves as an ore removal roadway; the problem that the bottom structure is limited by space and is difficult to arrange in the recovery process of the panel pillars is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining, and in particular to a method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in a pan area. Background Art

[0002] At present, in metal and non-metal underground mines, for gently inclined thick ore bodies, one or two steps of mining are mainly carried out by filling the gaps and filling them afterwards. In the early stage of mining, a large number of plate pillars need to be left to ensure the stability of mining. In the process of recovering the plate pillars, due to their small width, there is not enough space to arrange the mine roadway and the mine access road, and it is difficult to form a complete bottom mining structure, which directly affects the safety of the plate pillar mining and the resource recovery rate.

[0003] For the recovery of pan-area pillars, a flat-bottomed bottom structure is generally used at the mining level. In order to ensure the safety of mining operations, the flat-bottomed structure needs to use a remote-controlled shovel loader to mine. However, due to the large height of the mining area and the susceptibility of the pan-area pillars to excavation and blasting disturbances on both sides of the mining area, the stability of the ore rock is weakened, and there is a risk of roof collapse and ore pile collapse that buries equipment, and large blocks are difficult to handle.

[0004] The paper "Application and Practice of Technology for Safe and Efficient Recovery of Residual Ore and Bottom Pillars at the Bottom of a Polymetallic Mine Goaf" proposes a technical solution to continue arranging trenches within the horizontal pillars at the bottom of the trench to form the bottom structure of the upper and lower trenches. However, this requires the reconstruction of connecting tunnels, which requires a large amount of excavation work and investment, and will affect the stability of the horizontal pillars and their subsequent recovery.

[0005] The paper "Study on Optimization of Bottom Structure of Two-step Mining Site in Gently Inclined Thick Ore Body Pan Area" proposes a bottom structure scheme for tunneling trenches in the backfill. This scheme can make full use of the original project and has a relatively low engineering workload. However, it requires tunneling in the backfill, which makes construction difficult, the backfill strength does not meet the requirements, and the support cost is high.

[0006] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need to develop a mining method suitable for gently inclined thick ore bodies that can take into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area and facilitate the arrangement of the bottom structure of the "V"-shaped trench. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a mining method for a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Two cutting lanes, south and north, are arranged on both sides of the mining pillars, one of which is used as a cutting groove and the other as a mining joint lane;

[0011] S2. Adjust the horizontal panel tunnel of the mining area arranged in the center of the mining area pillar to the other side of the mining tunnel;

[0012] S3, excavation of connecting roads to connect the horizontal panel area tunnels with the mine exit tunnels and panel area chute;

[0013] S4. A triangular pillar of a certain height is set above the mining tunnel to ensure the stability of mining;

[0014] S5. When the ore pillars are recovered, according to relevant parameters, a mine access road is constructed between the mine exit horizontal panel area connecting tunnel and the mine exit connecting tunnel, with the mine exit horizontal panel area connecting tunnel as the trench tunnel and the mine exit connecting tunnel as the mine exit tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, the mining connection tunnel in step S1 connects the mining tunnel and the mining trench tunnel, serves as a rock drilling and blasting operation channel and mining access route during mining, and serves as a mining tunnel when the mining pillars are recovered in the later mining area.

[0016] Preferably, the position of the mine-exit horizontal panel tunnel in step S2 should be adjusted so that its distance from the mine-exit tunnel meets the minimum requirement for the layout of the mine-exit access route.

[0017] Preferably, the horizontal panel-area connecting tunnel in step S3 is used as a transportation tunnel for rock drilling and ore removal during mining, and is used as a trench tunnel during the recovery of panel-area ore pillars in the later stage.

[0018] Preferably, the triangular pillars set in step S4 should be modeled by computer software based on the actual conditions of the mine, and the ore-falling conditions should be simulated to obtain the thickness of the triangular pillars required to maintain the stability of the mining tunnel. Then, based on the slope angle of the triangular pillars and the specification parameters of the mining tunnel, the height of the triangular pillars required to maintain the stability of the mining tunnel should be calculated through geometric relationships.

[0019] Preferably, the relevant parameters mentioned in step S5 include: the distance between the mine access routes, the intersection angle between the mine access routes and the mine access tunnels, the length of the mine access routes, the cross-sectional specifications of the mine access routes and the slope angle of the V-shaped trench.

[0020] Preferably, the length of the mine access road is determined by the basic requirements for normal operation of the shovel loader and construction of the filling retaining wall.

[0021] Preferably, the length L of the mine access route that meets the requirements of the shovel loader is determined by the ore inflow length L1 in the mine access route and the distance L2 of the straight section of the route, L=L1+L2; the length L of the mine access route that meets the requirements of building a filling retaining wall is determined by the mine eyebrow line protection length L3, the curve length L4 from the mine tunnel to the mine access route and the filling retaining wall construction length L5, L=L3+L4+L5, and the larger value of the two is taken as the length of the mine access route.

[0022] Preferably, the cross-sectional specifications of the trench tunnel, mine access road and mine access road in the parameters of step S5 are all 4.8m×3.8m, the mine access road spacing is 12m~15m, the intersection angle between the mine access road and the mine access road is 40°~50°, and the V-shaped trench slope angle is 50°.

[0023] Preferably, the distance between the mining horizontal panel area connecting lane and the mining connecting lane is obtained through geometric relationship according to the length L of the mining access route and the intersection angle between the mining access route and the mining lane.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of the ore pillars in the panel area, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The method for mining gently inclined thick ore bodies taking into account the recovery of the plate area pillars is to arrange two cutting tunnels, one in the south and the other in the north, on both sides of the mining area pillars, one of which is used to construct the cutting groove, and the other is reserved as the mining tunnel for the future mining area pillar recovery. The horizontal plate area connecting tunnel arranged in the center of the mining area pillar is adjusted to the other side of the mining tunnel. The distance between the plate area connecting tunnel and the mining tunnel meets the requirements of the mining access road, which solves the problem that the mining tunnel and the mining access road cannot be constructed at the same time due to space limitations when the mining area pillars are recovered, and it is not convenient to use the "V"-shaped trench bottom structure.

[0026] 2. This method of mining gently inclined thick ore bodies that takes into account the recovery of ore pillars in the pan area ensures the stability of mining by leaving triangular ore pillars of a certain height on the upper part of the mining tunnel.

[0027] 3. This method of mining for gently inclined thick ore bodies that takes into account the recovery of ore pillars in the pan area reduces the amount of work during the recovery of ore pillars in the pan area, saves recovery costs, and improves recovery efficiency by making full use of the mining project arranged in the first step of the mining site. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A front view of a mining plan for a step of stope recovery provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the II-II direction;

[0030] Figure 3A front view of a mining plan for recovering a ore pillar provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the IV-IV direction;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the height calculation for the triangular pillar is provided;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the VI-VI direction.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Horizontal drilling area connecting tunnel; 2. Horizontal mining area connecting tunnel; 3. Area chute; 4. Rock drilling tunnel; 5. Mining exit connecting tunnel; 6. Cutting tunnel; 7. Mining exit tunnel; 8. Mining exit access road; 9. Mining field trench tunnel; 10. Mining area pillar; 11. Triangular pillar; 12. Horizontal intermediate pillar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] Example: See Figure 1-5 The method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of the ore pillars in the panel area of ​​the present embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:

[0038] (1) In this embodiment, the mining area pillar 10 is set with a width of 18m. Two south and north cutting lanes 6 are arranged on both sides of the mining area pillar 10, one is used as a cutting groove, and the other is used as a mining joint lane 5. The cross-sectional specifications of both are 4.8m×3.8m. Figure 1-2 shown.

[0039] (2) The horizontal disk area tunnel 2 arranged in the center of the mining area pillar 10 is adjusted to the other side of the mining tunnel 5 so that the distance between it and the mining tunnel 5 meets the requirements for the layout of the mining access road 8. The length of the mining access road 8 is determined by the normal operation of the shovel loader and the basic requirements for the construction of the filling retaining wall.

[0040] Depend on Figure 6As shown in a, the length L of the ore outlet route 8 that meets the requirements of the scraper is determined by the ore inflow length L1 in the ore outlet route 8 and the distance L2 of the straight section of the route, L = L1 + L2; Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 2 , the length L of the mining access road 8 that meets the requirements for the construction of the filling retaining wall is determined by the protection length L3 of the mining eyebrow line, the length L4 of the curve from the mining tunnel 7 to the mining access road 8 and the length L5 of the filling retaining wall construction, L=L3+L4+L5, and the larger value of the two is taken as the length of the mining access road 8. In this embodiment, the length of the mining access road 8 is 11.1m.

[0041] Then, based on the fact that the length of the mining access road 8 is 11.1m and the intersection angle between the mining access road 8 and the mining tunnel 7 is 40° to 50°, the distance between the mining horizontal panel area connecting tunnel 2 and the mining connecting tunnel 5 is obtained to be 8m through geometric relationships.

[0042] (3) Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the connecting road is excavated to connect the horizontal panel area connecting tunnel 2 with the mining tunnel 7 and the panel area chute 3 respectively. The horizontal panel area connecting tunnel 2 is used as a transportation tunnel for rock drilling and ore discharge during the first step of mining, and as a trench tunnel when the mining area pillars 10 are recovered in the later stage. The cross-sectional specifications are 4.8m×3.8m.

[0043] (4) Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the mining connection tunnel 5 connects the mining tunnel 7 and the mining area trench tunnel 9, and serves as a rock drilling and blasting operation channel and a mining access road 8 during the first step of mining, and serves as the mining tunnel 7 when the mining area pillars 10 are recovered in the later stage.

[0044] (5) A triangular pillar 11 of a certain height is set above the mining tunnel 5. According to the actual situation of the mine, a model is constructed by using software such as FLAC3D to simulate the ore falling conditions, and the thickness d of the pillar required for the mining tunnel 5 to maintain stability is obtained. Then, according to the slope angle of the triangular pillar 11, the specifications of the mining tunnel 5 and other parameters, the required height h of the triangular pillar 11 can be calculated to be 8 to 10 m through geometric relationships. For details, see Figure 5 .

[0045] (6) Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, when the ore pillars are recovered, a mine access road 8 is constructed between the mine horizontal panel area connecting tunnel 2 and the mine connection tunnel 5, with the mine horizontal panel area connecting tunnel 2 as the trench tunnel, and the mine connection tunnel 5 as the mine tunnel 7. The cross-sectional specifications of the trench tunnel, the mine access road 8 and the mine tunnel 7 are all 4.8m×3.8m, the spacing between the mine access roads 8 is 12m~15m, the intersection angle between the mine access road 8 and the mine tunnel 7 is 40°~50°, and the V-shaped trench slope angle is 50°.

[0046] The present application arranges two south and north cutting tunnels 6 on both sides of the mining area pillar 10 respectively, one of which is used for constructing the cutting groove, and the other is reserved as the mining tunnel 7 for recovering the mining area pillar 10 in the future, and adjusts the mining horizontal disk area connecting tunnel 2 arranged in the center of the mining area pillar 10 to the other side of the mining tunnel 5. The distance between the mining horizontal disk area connecting tunnel 2 and the mining tunnel 5 meets the requirements of the mining access road 8, which solves the problem that the mining tunnel 7 and the mining access road 8 cannot be constructed at the same time due to space limitations when the mining area pillar 10 is recovered, and it is not convenient to adopt a "V"-shaped trench bottom structure. By leaving a triangular mining pillar 11 of a certain height on the upper part of the mining tunnel 5, the mining stability is guaranteed, the mining preparation project arranged in the first step of the mining site is fully utilized, the engineering workload when the mining area pillar 10 is recovered is reduced, the mining cost is saved, and the mining efficiency is improved.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of the ore pillars in the panel area, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Arrange two cutting lanes (6) in the south and north on both sides of the mining area pillar (10), one of which is used as a cutting groove and the other is used as a mining joint lane (5); S2, adjusting the mining horizontal panel area joint tunnel (2) arranged in the center of the mining area pillar (10) to the other side of the mining joint tunnel (5); S3, excavating a connecting road to connect the mine-exit horizontal panel area connecting roadway (2) with the mine-exit roadway (7) and the panel area chute (3); S4, a triangular ore pillar (11) is set above the ore-exit tunnel (5) at a certain height to ensure the stability of ore-exit; S5. When the ore pillars are recovered, according to relevant parameters, a mine access road (8) is constructed between the mine horizontal panel area connecting tunnel (2) and the mine connecting tunnel (5), and the mine horizontal panel area connecting tunnel (2) is used as the trench tunnel, and the mine connecting tunnel (5) is used as the mine tunnel (7).

2. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mining connection tunnel (5) in step S1 connects the mining tunnel (7) and the mining trench tunnel (9), and serves as a rock drilling and blasting operation channel and a mining access road (8) during mining, and serves as a mining tunnel (7) when the mining area pillars (10) are recovered in the later stage.

3. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the mining horizontal panel area connecting tunnel (2) in step S2 should be adjusted so that its distance from the mining connecting tunnel (5) meets the minimum requirement for the layout of the mining access road (8).

4. The method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of the ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal panel-area joint tunnel (2) in step S3 is used as a transportation tunnel for rock drilling and ore removal during mining, and is used as a trench tunnel during the recovery of panel-area ore pillars in the later stage.

5. The method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of the ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The triangular pillar (11) set in step S4 should be modeled by computer software according to the actual situation of the mine, and the ore-falling conditions should be simulated to obtain the thickness of the triangular pillar (11) required for the ore-exit tunnel (5) to maintain stability. Then, according to the slope angle of the triangular pillar (11) and the specification parameters of the ore-exit tunnel (5), the height of the triangular pillar (11) required to maintain the stability of the ore-exit tunnel (7) is calculated through geometric relationships.

6. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relevant parameters mentioned in step S5 include: the distance between the mine access road (8), the intersection angle between the mine access road (8) and the mine roadway (7), the length of the mine access road (8), the cross-sectional specifications of the mine access road (8) and the slope angle of the V-shaped trench.

7. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the mine access road (8) is determined by the basic requirements for the normal operation of the shovel loader and the construction of the filling retaining wall.

8. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length L of the mine access road (8) that meets the requirements of the shovel loader is determined by the ore inflow length L1 in the mine access road (8) and the distance L2 of the straight section of the access road, L=L1+L2; the length L of the mine access road (8) that meets the requirements of building a filling retaining wall is determined by the mine eyebrow protection length L3, the curve length L4 from the mine roadway (7) to the mine access road (8) and the filling retaining wall construction length L5, L=L3+L4+L5, and the larger value of the two is taken as the length of the mine access road (8).

9. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross-sectional specifications of the trench tunnel, the mine access road (8) and the mine access road (7) in the parameters of step S5 are all 4.8m×3.8m, the distance between the mine access road (8) is 12m-15m, the intersection angle between the mine access road (8) and the mine access road (7) is 40°-50°, and the slope angle of the V-shaped trench is 50°.

10. A method for mining a gently inclined thick ore body taking into account the recovery of ore pillars in the panel area according to claim 9, characterized in that: According to the length L of the mine access road (8) and the intersection angle between the mine access road (8) and the mine roadway (7), the distance between the mine horizontal panel area connecting road (2) and the mine connecting road (5) is obtained through geometric relationship.

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