A bladeless steam turbine structure and assembly method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bladeless steam turbine structure and an assembly method, comprising a shell, end covers are arranged on both sides of the shell, and a rotor assembly is arranged between the shell and the end covers through a main shaft and a bearing; two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets and air outlets are arranged on the outer side of the shell, and a shock-absorbing base assembly is arranged at the lower part of the connection between the shell and the end cover. In the present invention, a plurality of large rotor punchings and small rotor punchings are alternately stacked, and an air gap is formed between the large rotor punchings and the small rotor punchings, and two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets and air outlets are arranged on the outer side of the shell, and an air inlet channel connected to the shell is a Laval nozzle structure, so that gas can be in and out at the same time. Since the air gap between the large rotor punchings and the small rotor punchings is increased, the gas flowability is increased, the power density is greatly improved, the rotor speed of the bladeless steam turbine is increased, and the high-performance output requirements of the steam turbine are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of steam turbines, and in particular relates to a bladeless steam turbine structure and an assembly method. Background Art

[0002] The bladeless steam turbine, also known as the Tesla turbine, was invented by the legendary scientist Nikola Tesla in 1913. The main feature of this turbine is its bladeless design, which uses fluid shear force to drive it, rather than the traditional method of direct fluid impact on the turbine blades. The core principle of the Tesla turbine is based on the boundary layer effect, that is, the fluid flows slowly in the thin layer formed by the pipe wall or the edge of the object, and the farther away from the surface, the faster the speed.

[0003] The existing bladeless steam turbine has the following problems:

[0004] (1) The existing bladeless steam turbine adopts a straight-through air inlet cavity, which results in a low rotor speed of the bladeless steam turbine and cannot meet the high performance output requirements of the steam turbine;

[0005] (2) Due to the design characteristics of bladeless steam turbines, they may generate a lot of noise during operation. This is because the bladeless design causes the fan to run at high speed in a small space to meet the air volume requirements, which leads to excessive noise and causes excessive noise on site;

[0006] (3) During the operation of the bladeless steam turbine, the airtightness inside the turbine needs to be ensured. The existing steam turbine structure cannot ensure the sealing connection at the joints of the components, resulting in insufficient airtightness of the bladeless steam turbine, which affects the normal operation and use of the bladeless steam turbine.

[0007] (4) When the bladeless steam turbine has high performance output, the rotor structure needs to rotate at high speed. The existing rotor structure cannot guarantee its stability when running at high speed, and the rotor structure is difficult to manufacture, which increases the manufacturing cost;

[0008] (5) It is difficult for traditional steam turbines to maintain zero speed torque, which results in the turbine structure being unable to maintain efficient and stable operation;

[0009] For this purpose, we propose a bladeless steam turbine structure and assembly method. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a bladeless steam turbine structure and an assembly method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bladeless steam turbine structure, comprising:

[0012] A shell, with end covers disposed on both sides of the shell;

[0013] A rotor assembly, wherein the rotor assembly is disposed between the housing and the end cover via a main shaft and a bearing;

[0014] The outer side of the shell is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets and air outlets;

[0015] A shock-absorbing base assembly is arranged at the lower part of the connection between the shell and the end cover.

[0016] Preferably, the shell and the end cover are locked and fixedly connected by a plurality of locking bolts and locking nuts, and the connection between the shell and the end cover is sealed by a sealant.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing ribs distributed in a ring shape are arranged on the outer side of the end cover, and the reinforcing ribs are sloped reinforcing rib structures whose thickness gradually decreases from the center to the periphery.

[0018] Preferably, the air inlet passage communicating with the air inlet port and the shell is a Laval nozzle structure that gradually narrows in an arc shape from both ends to the middle.

[0019] Preferably, the rotor assembly includes a large rotor punching and a small rotor punching;

[0020] A plurality of large rotor punching sheets are provided, and the plurality of large rotor punching sheets are aligned and stacked, and a small rotor punching sheet is provided between adjacent large rotor punching sheets;

[0021] The large rotor punching sheet and the small rotor punching sheet are connected by adhesive;

[0022] The large rotor punching sheet and the small rotor punching sheet are both provided with hollow openings distributed in a ring shape;

[0023] The middle parts of the large rotor punching sheet and the small rotor punching sheet are provided with keyways matched with the main shaft, and the large rotor punching sheet and the small rotor punching sheet are both provided with symmetrically distributed assembly positioning holes.

[0024] Preferably, the diameter of the large rotor punching sheet is 240-260 mm and the thickness is 0.4-0.6 mm;

[0025] The diameter of the small rotor punching sheet is 180-200 mm and the thickness is 0.9-1.1 mm;

[0026] An air gap of 0.9-1.1 mm is formed between the large rotor punching and the small rotor punching;

[0027] The edge of the large rotor punching sheet is chamfered, and the chamfer angle of the edge of the large rotor punching sheet is 0.5X20°.

[0028] Preferably, the main shaft is arranged on the housing via a bearing, and the main shaft, the bearing and the housing are sealed and connected via an oil seal.

[0029] Preferably, the shock-absorbing base assembly includes a support frame, a mounting screw, a mounting nut and a rubber shock-absorbing washer;

[0030] Two support frames are provided, and the two support frames are arranged at the lower part of the connection between the shell and the end cover through a plurality of locking bolts and locking nuts;

[0031] The mounting screw is arranged on the support frame through the mounting nut, and the lower part of the mounting screw is arranged on the rubber shock-absorbing washer;

[0032] At least two reinforcing ribs are arranged on the support frame.

[0033] A method for assembling a bladeless steam turbine structure comprises the following steps:

[0034] A. Rotor assembly:

[0035] First, a rotor pressure plate is sleeved on the tooling shaft through an assembly nut, and several large rotor punchings and small rotor punchings are alternately connected to the tooling shaft through keyways in sequence, and adhesive is applied between adjacent large rotor punchings and small rotor punchings, and positioning pins are used to position and connect them in the assembly positioning holes on several large rotor punchings and small rotor punchings, so that the hollow openings on several large rotor punchings and small rotor punchings are aligned, and then another rotor pressure plate is sleeved on the tooling shaft, so that several large rotor punchings and small rotor punchings are located between the two rotor pressure plates, and then the assembly nut is used to lock, and the large rotor punchings and small rotor punchings between the two rotor pressure plates are pressed and fixed to form a semi-finished rotor assembly;

[0036] B. Rotor assembly viscose drying and molding:

[0037] Put the semi-finished rotor assembly into an oven as a whole and dry the rotor assembly in an oven at 130-150°C for 4-10 hours to fix the large rotor punching and the small rotor punching into shape. After drying for a period of time, cool naturally to room temperature, and then remove the assembly nut, rotor pressure plate, tooling shaft and positioning pin in turn to obtain the rotor assembly;

[0038] C. Rotor assembly and main shaft assembly:

[0039] Then put the spindle into liquid nitrogen for freezing for 4-6 minutes, take it out after the liquid nitrogen is no longer boiling, put the rotor assembly into the oven and heat it to 150°C again, and keep it for 30 minutes. Under the influence of thermal expansion and contraction, the keyway on the rotor assembly expands due to heat, and the spindle contracts due to cold. The spindle is inserted into the keyway on the rotor assembly, so that the rotor assembly and the spindle are interference-fitted.

[0040] D. Bearing assembly:

[0041] Then, the inner hole of the bearing is heated to expand, and then the bearing is installed at the shoulder position of the main shaft, so that the bearing is assembled on the main shaft;

[0042] E. Shell and end cover assembly:

[0043] Then install the oil seal in the mounting hole of the end cover, seal the end cover and the housing on one side with sealant, then insert one end of the main shaft into the mounting hole of the end cover, and then insert the mounting hole on the other end cover into the other end of the main shaft, and seal the end cover and the housing with sealant. At this time, the main shaft and rotor assembly are sealed on the end cover and the housing through the oil seal, and then the end cover and the housing are locked and fixed with the locking bolts and locking nuts;

[0044] F. Shock-absorbing base assembly:

[0045] Then, the two support frames are locked and fixed to the lower part of the connection between the shell and the end cover by means of locking bolts and locking nuts, and then the mounting screws are locked and fixed to the support frames by means of mounting nuts, and a rubber shock-absorbing washer is installed at the lower part of the mounting screws, and then the rubber shock-absorbing washer is installed on the experimental bench frame, and locked and fixed to the experimental bench frame by means of mounting screws and flange nuts;

[0046] G. Steam turbine operation inspection:

[0047] The performance test of the bladeless steam turbine structure fixed on the test bench is carried out. The performance test of the bladeless steam turbine is divided into four groups:

[0048] Group 1: Connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft, connect the magnetic powder brake to an external controller and a 24V DC power supply, open both air outlets of the bladeless steam turbine, do not install a vent valve, connect both air inlets to the air inlet pipe, connect one air inlet to a gas flow meter through the air inlet pipe, and connect the other air inlet to a gas pressure gauge through the air inlet pipe. Adjust the air intake of both air inlets to the maximum. At this time, accelerate the bladeless steam turbine to the maximum stable speed, record the maximum speed, and then gradually increase the current through the controller. According to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque, record the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine at one point every 0.2Nm.

[0049] The second group: connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft, connect the magnetic powder brake to an external controller and a 24V DC power supply, install ventilation valves on both sides of the air outlet of the bladeless steam turbine, connect the air inlets on both sides to the air inlet pipe, connect the air inlet on one side to a gas flow meter through the air inlet pipe, and connect the air inlet on the other side to a gas pressure gauge through the air inlet pipe. Adjust the air intake of both sides to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine accelerates to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then, the current is gradually increased through the controller. According to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque, the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm.

[0050] The third group: connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft, connect the magnetic powder brake to an external controller and a 24V DC power supply, open the air outlet on one side without installing a vent valve, connect the air inlet on the same side to the air inlet pipe, connect a gas flow meter and a gas pressure gauge in series through the air inlet pipe, and block the air outlet and air inlet on the other side. Adjust the air intake of the open air inlet to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine accelerates to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then, the current is gradually increased through the controller. According to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque, the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm.

[0051] The fourth group: connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft, the magnetic powder brake is externally connected to the controller and the 24V DC power supply, install a vent valve at one side of the air outlet, connect the air inlet on the same side to the air inlet pipe, connect the gas flow meter and the gas pressure gauge in series through the air inlet pipe, the air outlet and air inlet on the other side are blocked, and the air intake of the open air inlet is adjusted to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine accelerates to the maximum stable speed, records the maximum speed, and then gradually increases the current through the controller. According to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque, record the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine at one point every 0.2Nm.

[0052] Preferably, the bladeless steam turbine structure is assembled using an assembly tool, the assembly tool comprising:

[0053] A tooling shaft, the tooling shaft being connected to the keyway of the rotor pressure plate and the rotor assembly;

[0054] An assembly nut, which is screwed onto the tooling shaft and is used to lock and fix the rotor pressure plate and the rotor assembly on the tooling shaft;

[0055] A rotor pressure plate, the rotor pressure plate is sleeved on the tooling shaft and is located on two outer sides of the rotor assembly;

[0056] A positioning pin is inserted into the assembly positioning holes on the large rotor punching sheet and the small rotor punching sheet.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] 1. In the present invention, a plurality of large rotor sheets and small rotor sheets are alternately stacked, and an air gap of 0.9-1.1 mm is formed between the large rotor sheets and the small rotor sheets, and two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets and air outlets are arranged on the outer side of the shell. The air inlet channel connected with the shell is a Laval nozzle structure. When the gas enters between the shell and the end cover from the air inlet, the pressure of the gas entering the shell and the end cover is increased through the principle of the Laval nozzle structure, and the boundary layer effect with the large rotor sheets is realized through the air gap, thereby driving the rotor assembly to rotate and driving the gas to be discharged from the outlet, realizing the gas entering and exiting at the same time. Since the air gap between the large rotor sheets and the small rotor sheets is increased, the gas flowability is increased, the power density is greatly improved, the rotor speed of the bladeless steam turbine is increased, and the high performance output requirement of the steam turbine is met;

[0059] 2. In the present invention, a 0.5×20° chamfer is provided on the edge of the large rotor punching sheet. During the operation of the steam turbine, the airflow enters and exits between the air inlet and the air outlet. Since the large rotor punching sheet has a chamfer, the airflow resistance is reduced, thereby reducing the rotation noise of the rotor assembly;

[0060] 3. In the present invention, the connection between the shell and the end cover is sealed by a sealant, and the shell and the end cover are locked and fixed by a plurality of locking bolts and locking nuts, and the main shaft, the bearing and the shell are sealed by an oil seal, which improves the sealing of the steam turbine structure, ensures that the internal pressure of the steam turbine structure is sufficient, improves the operating efficiency of the steam turbine, and further reduces the impact of noise;

[0061] 4. The large rotor punchings and the small rotor punchings in the rotor assembly of the present invention are aligned and stacked by glue, so that the large rotor punchings and the small rotor punchings are fixedly stacked and connected, thereby improving the connection strength between the large rotor punchings and the small rotor punchings, thereby ensuring that the rotor assembly meets the requirements of high-speed operation, improving the operating stability of the rotor assembly, and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the rotor assembly and reducing the manufacturing cost;

[0062] 5. The present invention adopts two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets and air outlets, and the air inlet channel connected to the shell at the air inlet is a Laval nozzle structure that gradually narrows from both ends to the middle in an arc shape, so that the bladeless steam turbine can achieve the effect of both inlet and outlet, and has a zero-speed torque holding effect, so that the bladeless steam turbine structure can maintain an efficient and stable operating state, meeting the high-performance output requirements of the bladeless steam turbine;

[0063] 6. The present invention is provided with a shock-absorbing base assembly, which realizes the shock-absorbing effect of the turbine structure during operation through the rubber shock-absorbing gasket, avoids the resonance of the turbine during operation, improves the operating stability of the turbine, and can reduce the noise during the operation of the turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 4 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of A in FIG.

[0070] Figure 7 It is a partial detailed schematic diagram of the large rotor punching sheet of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of B in FIG.

[0072] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0073] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. End cover; 3. Rotor assembly; 301. Large rotor punching sheet; 302. Small rotor punching sheet; 303. Hollow opening; 304. Keyway; 305. Assembly positioning hole; 306. Air gap; 307. Chamfer; 4. Main shaft; 5. Bearing; 6. Air inlet; 7. Air outlet; 8. Shock-absorbing base assembly; 801. Support frame; 802. Mounting screw; 803. Mounting nut; 804. Rubber shock-absorbing gasket; 805. Strengthening rib; 9. Locking bolt; 10. Locking nut; 11. Strengthening rib; 12. Tooling shaft; 13. Assembly nut; 14. Rotor pressure plate; 15. Oil seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 The bladeless steam turbine structure provided by the present invention comprises:

[0076] Shell 1, both sides of shell 1 are provided with end covers 2, shell 1 and end covers 2 are locked and fixedly connected by a plurality of locking bolts 9 and locking nuts 10, and the connection between shell 1 and end covers 2 is sealed by sealant, the sealant is S587 plane sealant, the working temperature range of S587 plane sealant after curing is -55℃-200℃, it has high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, is suitable for the sealing operation of rigid flange, has strong sealing performance, improves the sealing performance, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 11 distributed in an annular shape are provided on the outer side of end cover 2, the reinforcing rib 11 is a slope reinforcing rib structure with thickness gradually decreasing from the center to the periphery, improves the structural strength of end cover 2, and then improves the structural strength of steam turbine, ensures that steam turbine will not deform under high pressure and high air intake, and ensures the normal use of steam turbine;

[0077] The rotor assembly 3 is arranged between the housing 1 and the end cover 2 through the main shaft 4 and the bearing 5. The main shaft 4 is arranged on the housing 1 through the bearing 5, and the main shaft 4, the bearing 5 and the housing 1 are sealed and connected through the oil seal 15. The oil seal 15 can ensure the sealing performance between the main shaft 4, the bearing 5 and the housing 1, and is suitable for various harsh environments, high temperatures, high pressures and dry friction conditions, so as to avoid the sealing failure of the bladeless steam turbine structure during operation, thereby ensuring the normal use of the bladeless steam turbine structure;

[0078] The rotor assembly 3 includes a large rotor sheet 301 and a small rotor sheet 302; a plurality of large rotor sheets 301 are provided, and the plurality of large rotor sheets 301 are aligned and stacked, and a small rotor sheet 302 is provided between adjacent large rotor sheets 301; the large rotor sheet 301 and the small rotor sheet 302 are connected by adhesive, and the adhesive is 084H grade solvent-free fast curing impregnated resin adhesive, which is prepared by using heat-resistant polyester resin as raw material, adding epoxy modification, and adding active diluent, curing agent, and accelerator; the heat resistance grade of the cured product is above H grade, has good three-proof performance, stable storage, strong applicability, It is a low-viscosity single-component liquid at room temperature, with good fluidity and permeability. At the specified curing temperature, it cures quickly, with less volatilization, and the cured product is tough, which gives the steam turbine good mechanical properties and improves the connection strength between the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302; the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302 are both provided with hollow openings 303 distributed in an annular shape; the middle of the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302 is provided with a keyway 304 adapted to the main shaft 4, and the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302 are both provided with symmetrically distributed assembly positioning holes 305;

[0079] The large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302 in the rotor assembly 3 of the present invention are aligned and stacked by glue, so that the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302 are fixedly stacked and connected, thereby improving the connection strength between the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302, thereby ensuring that the rotor assembly 3 meets the requirements of high-speed operation, improving the operation stability of the rotor assembly 3, reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the rotor assembly 3, and reducing the manufacturing cost;

[0080] The diameter of the large rotor sheet 301 is 240-260 mm and the thickness is 0.4-0.6 mm; the diameter of the small rotor sheet 302 is 180-200 mm and the thickness is 0.9-1.1 mm; an air gap 306 of 0.9-1.1 mm is formed between the large rotor sheet 301 and the small rotor sheet 302, and a chamfer 307 is provided on the edge of the large rotor sheet 301, and the chamfer angle of the edge of the large rotor sheet 301 is 0.5X20°, such as Figure 7 As shown;

[0081] In the present invention, a 0.5×20° chamfer is provided on the edge of the large rotor punching sheet 301. During the operation of the steam turbine, the airflow enters and exits between the air inlet 6 and the air outlet 7. Since the large rotor punching sheet 301 has a chamfer, the airflow resistance is reduced, thereby reducing the rotation noise of the rotor assembly 3.

[0082] The outer side of the shell 1 is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets 6 and air outlets 7. The air inlet channel connecting the air inlet 6 and the shell 1 is a Laval nozzle structure that gradually narrows in an arc shape from both ends to the middle. Figure 6 As shown;

[0083] The front half of the Laval nozzle shrinks from large to small in an arc to a narrow throat in the middle, and then expands outward from small to large after the narrow throat. The gas flows into the front half of the Laval nozzle under high pressure, passes through the narrow throat and escapes from the rear half of the Laval nozzle. This Laval nozzle structure can change the speed of the airflow due to the change of the nozzle cross-sectional area, so that the airflow changes from subsonic to sonic, and finally accelerates to supersonic speed.

[0084] Therefore, the Laval nozzle has the variable cross-section one-dimensional steady isentropic flow characteristics:

[0085] In the one-dimensional steady flow with variable cross-section, only the driving potential of the cross-sectional area change is considered, and other driving potentials such as friction, heat transfer, gravity, etc. are ignored, so the flow is adiabatic and frictionless.

[0086] Effect of cross-sectional area change on gas flow characteristics in Laval nozzle:

[0087] The influence of the cross-sectional area change on the gas flow characteristics in the Laval nozzle can be summarized as follows: the one-dimensional steady isentropic flow has the flow characteristics of expansion acceleration or compression deceleration. The subsonic flow in the front half of the Laval nozzle and the supersonic flow in the rear half of the Laval nozzle are expansion accelerated, and the flow velocity along the Laval nozzle is increasing, while the pressure, density and temperature are decreasing; the subsonic flow in the front half of the Laval nozzle and the supersonic flow in the rear half of the Laval nozzle are compression decelerated, and the flow velocity along the flow channel is decreasing, while the pressure, density and temperature are increasing.

[0088] Flow limit state:

[0089] The velocity of the one-dimensional steady isentropic flow in the front half of the Laval nozzle can only change continuously until it reaches a critical state, which is its limit. After this, the velocity can neither increase nor decrease. This phenomenon in the convergent pipe is called flow jam. Similarly, supersonic flow cannot be continuously decelerated to subsonic flow through the front half of the Laval nozzle.

[0090] If the pipe is expanded after the critical section, the flow can change from sonic flow to supersonic flow when the downstream physical boundary conditions at the pipe outlet section meet certain requirements. This kind of pipe that converges first and then expands is a Laval nozzle. This kind of pipe shape that converges first and then expands is a necessary condition for obtaining supersonic flow from the initial subsonic flow, which is called the geometric condition of the Laval nozzle.

[0091] The present invention adopts two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets 6 and air outlets 7, and the air inlet passage communicating with the housing 1 at the air inlet 6 is a Laval nozzle structure that gradually narrows from both ends to the middle in an arc shape, so that the bladeless steam turbine can achieve the effect of both inlet and outlet, and has a zero-speed torque holding effect, so that the bladeless steam turbine structure can maintain an efficient and stable operating state, and meet the high-performance output requirements of the bladeless steam turbine;

[0092] The shock-absorbing base assembly 8 is arranged at the lower part of the connection between the shell 1 and the end cover 2. The shock-absorbing base assembly 8 includes a support frame 801, a mounting screw 802, a mounting nut 803 and a rubber shock-absorbing gasket 804; two support frames 801 are arranged, and the two support frames 801 are arranged at the lower part of the connection between the shell 1 and the end cover 2 through a plurality of locking bolts 9 and locking nuts 10; the mounting screw 802 is arranged on the support frame 801 through the mounting nut 803, and the lower part of the mounting screw 802 is arranged on the rubber shock-absorbing gasket 804; at least two reinforcing ribs 805 are arranged on the support frame 801.

[0093] In the present invention, a plurality of large rotor sheets 301 and small rotor sheets 302 are alternately stacked, and an air gap 306 of 0.9-1.1 mm is formed between the large rotor sheets 301 and the small rotor sheets 302, and two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets 6 and air outlets 7 are arranged on the outer side of the shell 1, and the air inlet channel connected with the shell 1 by the air inlet 6 is a Laval nozzle structure. When the gas enters between the shell 1 and the end cover 2 from the air inlet 6, the pressure of the gas entering the shell 1 and the end cover 2 is increased through the Laval nozzle principle, and the boundary layer effect with the large rotor sheets 301 is realized through the air gap 306, thereby driving the rotor assembly 3 to rotate and driving the gas to be discharged from the air outlet 7, so as to realize the simultaneous entry and exit of the gas. Since the air gap 306 between the large rotor sheets 301 and the small rotor sheets 302 is increased, the gas flowability is increased, the power density is greatly improved, the rotor speed of the bladeless steam turbine is increased, and the high performance output requirement of the steam turbine is met;

[0094] In the present invention, the connection between the shell 1 and the end cover 2 is sealed by a sealant, and the shell 1 and the end cover 2 are locked and fixed by a plurality of locking bolts 9 and locking nuts 10, and the main shaft 4, the bearing 5 and the shell 1 are sealed by an oil seal, thereby improving the sealing of the steam turbine structure, ensuring that the internal pressure of the steam turbine structure is sufficient, and reducing the noise impact;

[0095] The present invention is provided with a shock-absorbing base assembly 8, and the shock-absorbing effect of the steam turbine structure during operation is achieved through the rubber shock-absorbing gasket 804, so as to avoid resonance of the steam turbine during operation, improve the operating stability of the steam turbine, and reduce the noise during the operation of the steam turbine.

[0096] like Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, the assembly method of the bladeless steam turbine structure provided by the present invention uses an assembly tool to assemble the bladeless steam turbine structure, and the assembly tool includes:

[0097] A tooling shaft 12, the tooling shaft 12 is connected to the rotor pressure plate 14 and the keyway 304 of the rotor assembly;

[0098] An assembly nut 13, which is screwed onto the tooling shaft 12 and is used to lock and fix the rotor pressure plate 14 and the rotor assembly on the tooling shaft 12;

[0099] The rotor pressure plate 14 is sleeved on the tooling shaft 12 and is located on two outer sides of the rotor assembly;

[0100] A positioning pin, which is inserted into the assembly positioning hole 305 on the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302;

[0101] The steps include:

[0102] A. Rotor assembly:

[0103] First, a rotor pressure plate 14 is sleeved on the tooling shaft 12 through the assembly nut 13, and a plurality of large rotor punchings 301 and small rotor punchings 302 are alternately connected to the tooling shaft 12 through the key slots 304 in sequence, and adhesive is applied between adjacent large rotor punchings 301 and small rotor punchings 302, and the positioning pins are positioned and inserted into the assembly positioning holes 305 on the plurality of large rotor punchings 301 and small rotor punchings 302, so that the hollow openings 303 on the plurality of large rotor punchings 301 and small rotor punchings 302 are aligned, and then another rotor pressure plate 14 is sleeved on the tooling shaft 12, so that the plurality of large rotor punchings 301 and small rotor punchings 302 are located between the two rotor pressure plates 14, and then the assembly nut 13 is used to lock, and the large rotor punchings 301 and small rotor punchings 302 between the two rotor pressure plates 14 are pressed and fixed to form a semi-finished rotor assembly assembly;

[0104] B. Rotor assembly viscose drying and molding:

[0105] The semi-finished rotor assembly is put into an oven as a whole. The rotor assembly is dried in an oven at 130-150°C for 4-10 hours to fix the large rotor punching 301 and the small rotor punching 302 into shape. After drying for a period of time, it is naturally cooled to room temperature, and then the assembly nut 13, the rotor pressure plate 14, the tooling shaft 12 and the positioning pin are removed in sequence to obtain the rotor assembly;

[0106] C. Rotor assembly and main shaft assembly:

[0107] Then, the spindle 4 is placed in liquid nitrogen for freezing for 4-6 minutes, and is taken out after the liquid nitrogen is no longer boiling. The rotor assembly is placed in an oven and heated to 150°C again, and maintained for 30 minutes. Under the influence of thermal expansion and contraction, the keyway 304 on the rotor assembly expands due to heat, and the spindle 4 contracts due to cold. The spindle 4 is inserted into the keyway 304 on the rotor assembly, so that the rotor assembly and the spindle 4 are interference-fitted.

[0108] D. Bearing assembly:

[0109] Then, the inner hole of the bearing 5 is heated to expand the inner hole of the bearing 5, and then the bearing 5 is installed at the shoulder position of the main shaft 4, so that the bearing 5 is assembled on the main shaft 4;

[0110] E. Shell and end cover assembly:

[0111] Then install the oil seal in the mounting hole of the end cover 2, seal the end cover 2 and the housing 1 on one side with a sealant, then insert one end of the main shaft 4 into the mounting hole of the end cover 2, and then insert the mounting hole on the other end cover 2 into the other end of the main shaft 4, and seal the end cover 2 and the housing 1 with a sealant. At this time, the main shaft 4 and the rotor assembly are sealed on the end cover 2 and the housing 1 through the oil seal, and then the end cover 2 and the housing 1 are locked and fixed by the locking bolt 9 and the locking nut 10;

[0112] F. Shock-absorbing base assembly:

[0113] Then, the two support frames 801 are locked and fixed to the lower part of the connection between the shell 1 and the end cover 2 by means of locking bolts 9 and locking nuts 10, and then the mounting screw 802 is locked and fixed to the support frame 801 by means of mounting nuts 803, and a rubber shock-absorbing gasket 804 is installed at the lower part of the mounting screw 802, and then the rubber shock-absorbing gasket 804 is installed on the experimental bench frame, and locked and fixed to the experimental bench frame by means of the mounting screw 802 and flange nuts;

[0114] G. Steam turbine operation inspection:

[0115] The performance test of the bladeless steam turbine structure fixed on the test bench is carried out. The performance test of the bladeless steam turbine is divided into four groups:

[0116] The first group: connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft 4, the magnetic powder brake is externally connected to the controller and the 24V DC power supply, the air outlets 7 on both sides of the bladeless steam turbine are open, no vent valve is installed, the air inlets 6 on both sides are connected to the air inlet pipe, one of the air inlets 6 on one side is connected in series with a gas flow meter through the air inlet pipe, and the other air inlet 6 on the other side is connected in series with a gas pressure gauge through the air inlet pipe. The air intake of the air inlets 6 on both sides is adjusted to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine is accelerated to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then, the current is gradually increased through the controller, and the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm according to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque;

[0117] The second group: connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft 4, connect the magnetic powder brake to an external controller and a 24V DC power supply, install ventilation valves on both sides of the air outlet 7 of the bladeless steam turbine, connect the air inlets 6 on both sides to the air inlet pipe, connect the air inlet 6 on one side to a gas flow meter through the air inlet pipe, and connect the air inlet 6 on the other side to a gas pressure gauge through the air inlet pipe. Adjust the air intake of the air inlets 6 on both sides to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine accelerates to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then, the current is gradually increased through the controller. According to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque, the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm.

[0118] The third group: connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft 4, the magnetic powder brake is externally connected to the controller and the 24V DC power supply, the air outlet 7 on one side is open, and no vent valve is installed. The air inlet 6 on the same side is connected to the air inlet pipe, and a gas flow meter and a gas pressure gauge are connected in series through the air inlet pipe. The air outlet 7 and the air inlet 6 on the other side are blocked, and the air intake of the open air inlet 6 is adjusted to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine is accelerated to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then the current is gradually increased through the controller, and the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm according to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque;

[0119] The fourth group: connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft 4, the magnetic powder brake is externally connected to the controller and the 24V DC power supply, install a vent valve on the air outlet 7 on one side, connect the air inlet 6 on the same side to the air inlet pipe, connect the gas flow meter and the gas pressure gauge in series through the air inlet pipe, the air outlet 7 and the air inlet 6 on the other side are blocked, and the air intake of the open air inlet 6 is adjusted to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine is accelerated to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then the current is gradually increased through the controller, and the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm according to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque;

[0120] The effects of running tests according to the first to fourth groups above are:

[0121] By controlling the vent valve, outlet and inlet of the bladeless steam turbine, the speed and torque operating range of the bladeless steam turbine are obtained during the gas flow and gas pressure regulation process.

[0122] According to the comparison of the above first to fourth groups of running test data:

[0123] For the same bladeless steam turbine, by comparing the performance parameters such as gas flow, gas pressure, speed, torque, etc. from the first to the fourth groups, we can intuitively see the performance operating range of the bladeless steam turbine in different scenarios;

[0124] Bladeless steam turbine performance:

[0125] Mechanical running tests are conducted, including speed-up tests from zero to maximum continuous speed, and torque measurements at different speeds, using test data from Groups 1-4 to determine the performance of the turbine.

[0126] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below, Table 1 is an experimental test data table of the bladeless steam turbine of the present invention, and Table 2 is an experimental test data table of a conventional steam turbine, both of which are no-load operation tests;

[0127] Table 1:

[0128]

[0129] Table 2:

[0130]

[0131] It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that, under the same operating conditions, the bladeless steam turbine of the present invention has a faster output speed, a higher outlet pressure and a higher flow rate than the traditional steam turbine.

[0132] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bladeless steam turbine structure, characterized in that: include, A shell (1), wherein both sides of the shell (1) are provided with end covers (2); A rotor assembly (3), the rotor assembly (3) being arranged between the housing (1) and the end cover (2) via a main shaft (4) and a bearing (5); The outer side of the housing (1) is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed air inlets (6) and air outlets (7); A shock-absorbing base assembly (8), the shock-absorbing base assembly (8) being arranged at the lower part of the connection between the shell (1) and the end cover (2); The air inlet (6) and the air inlet passage communicating with the shell (1) are Laval nozzle structures that gradually narrow in an arc shape from both ends to the middle; The rotor assembly (3) comprises a large rotor punching (301) and a small rotor punching (302); A plurality of large rotor punching sheets (301) are provided, the plurality of large rotor punching sheets (301) are aligned and stacked, and a small rotor punching sheet (302) is provided between adjacent large rotor punching sheets (301); The large rotor punching sheet (301) has a diameter of 240-260 mm and a thickness of 0.4-0.6 mm; The small rotor punching sheet (302) has a diameter of 180-200 mm and a thickness of 0.9-1.1 mm; An air gap (306) of 0.9-1.1 mm is formed between the large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302); The edge of the large rotor punching sheet (301) is provided with a chamfer (307), and the chamfer angle of the edge of the large rotor punching sheet (301) is 0.5×20°; The housing (1) and the end cover (2) are locked and fixedly connected via a plurality of locking bolts (9) and locking nuts (10), and the connection between the housing (1) and the end cover (2) is sealed via a sealant.

2. A bladeless steam turbine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing ribs (11) distributed in an annular shape are arranged on the outer side of the end cover (2); the reinforcing ribs (11) are of a sloped reinforcing rib structure whose thickness gradually decreases from the center to the periphery.

3. A bladeless steam turbine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302) are connected by adhesive; The large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302) are both provided with hollow openings (303) distributed in an annular shape; A keyway (304) adapted to the main shaft (4) is provided in the middle of the large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302), and both the large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302) are provided with symmetrically distributed assembly positioning holes (305).

4. A bladeless steam turbine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (4) is arranged on the housing (1) via a bearing (5), and the main shaft (4), the bearing (5) and the housing (1) are sealed and connected via an oil seal (15).

5. The bladeless steam turbine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing base assembly (8) comprises a support frame (801), a mounting screw (802), a mounting nut (803) and a rubber shock-absorbing washer (804); Two support frames (801) are provided, and the two support frames (801) are arranged at the lower part of the connection between the shell (1) and the end cover (2) through a plurality of locking bolts (9) and locking nuts (10); The mounting screw rod (802) is arranged on the support frame (801) through the mounting nut (803), and the lower part of the mounting screw rod (802) is arranged on the rubber shock-absorbing washer (804); At least two reinforcing ribs (805) are provided on the support frame (801).

6. The method for assembling a bladeless steam turbine structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: A. Rotor assembly: First, a rotor pressure plate (14) is sleeved on the tooling shaft (12) through an assembly nut (13), and a plurality of large rotor punchings (301) and small rotor punchings (302) are alternately connected to the tooling shaft (12) through keyways (304), and adhesive is applied between adjacent large rotor punchings (301) and small rotor punchings (302). Positioning pins are used to position the plurality of large rotor punchings (301) and small rotor punchings (302) in assembly positioning holes (305) so that the plurality of large rotor punchings (301) and small rotor punchings (302) are connected. The hollow openings (303) on the large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302) are aligned, and then another rotor pressure plate (14) is inserted into the tooling shaft (12) so that a plurality of large rotor punching sheets (301) and small rotor punching sheets (302) are located between the two rotor pressure plates (14). Then, the assembly nuts (13) are used to lock and tighten the large rotor punching sheets (301) and the small rotor punching sheets (302) between the two rotor pressure plates (14) to form a semi-finished rotor assembly assembly; B. Rotor assembly viscose drying and molding: The semi-finished rotor assembly is placed in an oven as a whole, and the rotor assembly is dried in an oven at 130-150° C. for 4-10 hours to fix the large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302) into shape. After drying for a period of time, the semi-finished rotor assembly is naturally cooled to room temperature, and then the assembly nut (13), the rotor pressure plate (14), the tooling shaft (12) and the positioning pin are removed in sequence to obtain the rotor assembly; C. Rotor assembly and main shaft assembly: Then, the spindle (4) is placed in liquid nitrogen for freezing for 4-6 minutes, and is taken out after the liquid nitrogen is no longer boiling. The rotor assembly is placed in an oven and heated to 150° C. again, and maintained for 30 minutes. Due to the effects of thermal expansion and contraction, the keyway (304) on the rotor assembly expands due to heat, and the spindle (4) contracts due to cold. The spindle (4) is inserted into the keyway (304) on the rotor assembly, so that the interference fit between the rotor assembly and the spindle (4) is completed. D. Bearing assembly: Then, the inner hole of the bearing (5) is heated to expand the inner hole of the bearing (5), and then the bearing (5) is installed at the shoulder position of the main shaft (4), so that the bearing (5) is assembled on the main shaft (4); E. Shell and end cover assembly: Then, the oil seal is installed in the mounting hole of the end cover (2), and one end cover (2) and the housing (1) are sealed by bonding with a sealant. Then, one end of the main shaft (4) is inserted into the mounting hole of the end cover (2), and then the mounting hole on the other end cover (2) is inserted into the other end of the main shaft (4), and the end cover (2) and the housing (1) are sealed by bonding with a sealant. At this time, the main shaft (4) and the rotor assembly are sealed on the end cover (2) and the housing (1) by the oil seal, and then the end cover (2) and the housing (1) are locked and fixed by the locking bolt (9) and the locking nut (10); F. Shock-absorbing base assembly: Then, the two support frames (801) are locked and fixed to the lower part of the connection between the shell (1) and the end cover (2) by means of locking bolts (9) and locking nuts (10), and then the mounting screw rod (802) is locked and fixed to the support frame (801) by means of mounting nuts (803), and a rubber shock-absorbing gasket ring (804) is installed at the lower part of the mounting screw rod (802), and then the rubber shock-absorbing gasket ring (804) is installed on the experimental bench frame and locked and fixed to the experimental bench frame by means of the mounting screw rod (802) and flange nuts; G. Steam turbine operation inspection: The performance test of the bladeless steam turbine structure fixed on the test bench is carried out. The performance test of the bladeless steam turbine is divided into four groups: Group 1: Connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft (4), connect the magnetic powder brake to an external controller and a 24V DC power supply, open both air outlets (7) of the bladeless steam turbine, do not install a vent valve, connect both air inlets (6) to the air inlet pipe, connect one air inlet (6) to a gas flow meter through the air inlet pipe, connect the other air inlet (6) to a gas pressure gauge through the air inlet pipe, adjust the air intake of both air inlets (6) to the maximum, accelerate the bladeless steam turbine to the maximum stable speed, record the maximum speed, then gradually increase the current through the controller, and record the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine at every 0.2Nm according to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque; The second group: the magnetic powder brake is connected to the main shaft (4), the magnetic powder brake is externally connected to a controller and a 24V DC power supply, and ventilation valves are installed at both air outlets (7) of the bladeless steam turbine. The air inlets (6) on both sides are connected to the air inlet pipe, one of the air inlets (6) is connected in series with a gas flow meter through the air inlet pipe, and the other air inlet (6) is connected in series with a gas pressure gauge through the air inlet pipe. The air intake of the air inlets (6) on both sides is adjusted to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine is accelerated to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then, the current is gradually increased through the controller, and the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm according to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque. The third group: the magnetic powder brake is connected to the main shaft (4), the magnetic powder brake is externally connected to a controller and a 24V DC power supply, the air outlet (7) on one side is open, no vent valve is installed, the air inlet (6) on the same side is connected to the air inlet pipe, a gas flow meter and a gas pressure gauge are connected in series through the air inlet pipe, the air outlet (7) and the air inlet (6) on the other side are blocked, the air intake of the open air inlet (6) is adjusted to the maximum, at this time the bladeless steam turbine is accelerated to the maximum stable speed, the maximum speed is recorded, and then the current is gradually increased through the controller, according to the conversion of the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque, one point every 0.2Nm, the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded; Group 4: Connect the magnetic powder brake to the main shaft (4), connect the magnetic powder brake to an external controller and a 24V DC power supply, install a vent valve at one side of the air outlet (7), connect the air inlet (6) on the same side to the air inlet pipe, connect a gas flow meter and a gas pressure gauge in series through the air inlet pipe, and block the air outlet (7) and air inlet (6) on the other side. Adjust the air intake of the open air inlet (6) to the maximum. At this time, the bladeless steam turbine accelerates to the maximum stable speed, and the maximum speed is recorded. Then, the current is gradually increased through the controller. According to the conversion between the magnetic powder brake current and the resistance torque, the gas flow, gas pressure, speed and torque data of the bladeless steam turbine are recorded at one point every 0.2Nm.

7. The method for assembling a bladeless steam turbine structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bladeless steam turbine structure is assembled using an assembly tool, the assembly tool comprising: A tooling shaft (12), the tooling shaft (12) being inserted into the rotor pressure plate (14) and the keyway (304) of the rotor assembly; An assembly nut (13), the assembly nut (13) being screwed onto the tooling shaft (12) and used for locking and fixing the rotor pressure plate (14) and the rotor assembly on the tooling shaft (12); A rotor pressure plate (14), the rotor pressure plate (14) being sleeved on the tooling shaft (12) and located on two outer sides of the rotor assembly; A positioning pin, the positioning pin being inserted into the assembly positioning hole (305) on the large rotor punching sheet (301) and the small rotor punching sheet (302).

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