A proportional valve

Abstract

The application discloses a proportional valve and belongs to the technical field of valves, which comprises a valve body and a valve core installed in the valve body, wherein the valve core is in a block structure and comprises a first valve block and a second valve block, both of which are in sliding contact with each other and are integrated in a dynamic sealing mode, the first valve block and the second valve block are respectively installed in a valve cavity of the valve body in a vertical sliding mode through a first driving rod and a second driving rod, the first driving rod moves at a higher speed than the second driving rod and the moving directions of the two driving rods are opposite, so that the water passing holes of the two valve blocks are overlapped with a valve hole in the valve body in different degrees. The proportional valve can quickly and efficiently control the flow regulation, has a double regulation combination mechanism, high regulation accuracy and wide application range.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to a proportional valve. BACKGROUND

[0002] The proportional valve is also called electro-hydraulic proportional valve, which is a kind of hydraulic valve that converts input electrical signals into force or displacement in proportion, thereby continuously controlling parameters such as pressure and flow. It is composed of a direct current proportional electromagnet and a hydraulic valve, and controls the flow, pressure and direction of the hydraulic system through electrical signals. The main function of the proportional valve is to control the flow and direction of oil, which is suitable for oil, gas, chemical industry, water treatment and other industries.

[0003] The common proportional valve is composed of a direct current proportional electromagnet and a hydraulic valve. The direct current proportional electromagnet generates corresponding displacement and suction force according to the input electrical signal, thereby controlling the action of the hydraulic valve spool to realize continuous control of flow. The working principle of the proportional valve is to adjust the parameters of the hydraulic system through continuous change of electrical signals, which has the characteristics of fast response speed and high control precision. The existing proportional valve part, i.e. the moving control structure of the spool, generally adopts the traditional spool and its moving control structure. Circular holes are processed on the spool and the valve body to change the rotation angle or vertical displacement of the spool, so as to change the actual flow cross section size of the valve hole. This adjusting structure has the defect of single adjusting efficiency and precision. No matter how large the flow is, the moving speed of the spool is constant. Therefore, once it is necessary to rapidly adjust from a small flow to a large flow, the adjusting time is relatively long. If the adjusting time is also short, the moving speed of the spool must be very fast. Therefore, the valve hole under high speed motion does not have the performance of fine adjustment when adjusting from one flow value to another close flow value, which may cause the adjusting error to increase. This is similar to using a 1-meter scale to measure 0.5 cm and 50 cm lengths, and the final measurement accuracy may be different because the unit scale division precision is different. Similarly, the precision control degree of the valve hole movement is different, so there is a requirement for large flow to use large diameter valve and small flow to use small diameter valve, and the applicability is different. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a proportional valve to solve the problems in the background art as much as possible, and to balance the adjusting efficiency and adjusting precision, and to improve the adaptability of the proportional valve to a certain extent.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: A proportional valve, comprising a valve body and a valve core installed in the valve body, the valve core is a block structure, comprising a first valve block and a second valve block, both of which are integrally connected with each other in dynamic sealing sliding contact, the first valve block and the second valve block are respectively installed in the valve cavity of the valve body in vertical sliding through a first driving rod and a second driving rod, the vertical moving speed of the first driving rod is faster than that of the second driving rod, and the moving directions of the two are opposite, so that the water passing holes of the two valve blocks are overlapped with the valve hole in the valve body in different degrees.

[0006] Further, both of the valve blocks are smooth rectangular block structures, and further have a vertical rectangular sliding cavity at the center of the valve hole, both of the valve blocks are vertically and slidingly installed in the rectangular sliding cavity, and each valve hole is inlaid with a rectangular sealing ring on the surface of the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity, and the rectangular sealing ring is always in dynamic sealing sliding contact with the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity.

[0007] Further, one side of the two valve blocks in smooth contact with each other is also provided with the rectangular sealing ring, and all the sealing rings are inlaid on the outer edge of the valve block.

[0008] Further, the cross sections of the water passing hole and the valve hole are both rectangular, and the length and width dimensions of the two are the same, so that the water passing hole and the valve hole can be coaxially and completely overlapped.

[0009] Further, a bearing disc is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular sliding cavity, the bearing disc is in contact with the bottom of the two valve blocks through two pressure-resistant springs, and the two driving rods are respectively fixed on the top of the valve blocks.

[0010] Further, the bearing disc comprises a cylindrical part and a bearing plate, the cylindrical part is integrally and coaxially fixed with the circular bearing plate, the bearing plate has two cylindrical grooves which are concave downward, each cylindrical groove is coaxially fixed with a guide rod, the top end of each guide rod is axially and slidingly fitted into the insertion hole of the valve hole opposite to it, and the pressure-resistant spring is movably sleeved on the guide rod between the valve hole and the bottom of the cylindrical groove.

[0011] Further, the bearing disc is vertically and slidingly fitted in the rectangular sliding cavity, an adjusting bolt is arranged at the bottom of the valve body, the adjusting bolt is screwed into the rectangular sliding cavity and connected with the bottom of the bearing disc, and the two are always connected together.

[0012] Further, a countersunk hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the valve body for mounting the adjusting bolt, the countersunk hole is used for arranging the nut of the adjusting bolt, a disc spring is arranged between the nut and the sink of the countersunk hole, and the disc spring is always in a squeezed state.

[0013] Further, the first driving rod and the second driving rod are both screw rods, and the pitch of the first driving rod is greater than the pitch of the second driving rod; two threaded sleeves are installed at the top end inside the valve body and rotate in place, the bottom ends of the two threaded sleeves are provided for the top ends of the two screw rods to be screwed in threadedly, a transmission gear is coaxially fixed at the end of each threaded sleeve extending out of the top of the valve body, the two transmission gears are respectively engaged with a set of variable speed gears, the two sets of variable speed gears are in transmission connection with the main shaft of a fixedly installed stepping motor, and the rotation speed of the first driving rod is higher than the rotation speed of the second driving rod.

[0014] Further, the two sets of variable speed gears are in transmission with a driving gear installed on the main shaft, the top surface of the driving gear is in friction transmission through the extrusion contact of a friction disc and a friction disc on the main shaft, and the two friction discs are axially extruded together by a ring-shaped cover body coaxially fixed on the top end surface of the driving gear;

[0015] The gear shaft of the driving gear is rotatably installed in a stepped hole in the top of the valve body, an electromagnet is arranged on the stepped surface of the stepped hole, and an elastic ring with magnetic adhesion is sleeved on the gear shaft between the electromagnet and the driving gear and can axially stretch and contract; when the electromagnet is electrified, the axial thrust applied to the elastic ring hinders the rotation of the driving gear; when the stepping motor rotates at a rated speed, if the current of the electromagnet increases, the rotation speed of the driving gear is smaller.

[0016] The present application provides a proportional valve. The following advantages are provided:

[0017] 1. The structure is simple and compact, the rectangular valve hole is easy to accurately calculate the relationship between the valve hole displacement and the flow change.

[0018] 2. The two-stage regulation mechanism, the two valve holes move towards each other from the upper and lower sides of the valve hole, respectively, and participate in the overlapping control of the effective flow area of the valve hole with their own movement pace, which can quickly and finely regulate the flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a rectangular sealing ring;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a specific drive control structure schematic diagram between the electromagnet and the driving rod;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Valve body; 2. Valve hole; 3. Valve block; 4. Screw; 5. Rectangular slide cavity; 6. Water passage hole; 7. Rectangular sealing ring; 8. Bearing plate; 801. Cylinder section; 802. Bearing plate; 803. Cylindrical groove; 9. Guide rod; 10. Pressure-resistant spring; 11. Adjusting bolt; 12. Disc spring; 13. Nut; 14. Transmission gear; 15. Stepper motor; 16. Main shaft; 17. Friction disc; 18. Annular cover; 19. Drive gear; 20. Gear shaft; 21. Electromagnet; 22. Elastic ring; 23. First threaded sleeve; 24. Second threaded sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This specification will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the following embodiments based on the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described in this specification are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 The proportional valve shown mainly comprises a valve body 1 and a valve core installed within the valve body 1. The valve core is a block structure, specifically comprising a first valve block 3 and a second valve block 3, both internally equipped with water passage holes 6. The two valve blocks 3 are dynamically sealed and slidably connected as a single unit, meaning they are close to each other and slide against each other. The first and second valve blocks 3 are respectively installed in the valve cavity of the valve body 1 via a first and a second drive rod, respectively, in a vertical sliding engagement manner, serving as the core component for regulating flow. Crucially, the first drive rod moves vertically faster than the second drive rod, and the two drive rods move in opposite directions. That is, if the first drive rod pushes the first valve block 3 downwards, then the second drive rod should push the second valve block 3 upwards. The two valve blocks 3 move towards each other, allowing their respective water passage holes 6 to overlap with the valve holes 2 within the valve body 1 to varying degrees, thereby achieving the corresponding flow control effect. In the above embodiment, due to the different axial movement speeds of the two drive rods, the vertical sliding speeds of the two valve blocks 3 remain constant. Consequently, the vertical positions of the two water passage holes 6 differ. Moreover, the water passage hole 6 on the first valve block 3 driven by the first drive rod moves with a larger amplitude, allowing it to quickly move to a position closest to the set flow rate. This means that the water passage hole 6 and the valve block 3 quickly form an overlapping and connected area of ​​a roughly defined water flow channel. The second valve block 3 moves with a slower speed, enabling fine adjustment and avoiding the difficulty in accurately controlling the amount of movement due to excessive amplitude. Essentially, the overlapping area between the second valve block 3 and the first valve block 3 constitutes one flow control mechanism. The relatively subtle displacement relationship between the second valve block 3 and the first valve block 3 constitutes another flow change mechanism with a more precise adjustment amplitude.

[0025] In specific practice, such asFigure 1 As shown, the two valve blocks 3 in the embodiment are both rectangular blocks with smooth surfaces, and each has a rectangular sliding cavity 5 perpendicular to the valve hole 2 at the center of the valve hole 2. The two valve blocks 3 are vertically slidingly installed in the rectangular sliding cavity 5, and each valve hole 2 is attached to the surface of the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity 5 and has a rectangular sealing ring 7 as shown embedded therein. Figure 2 As shown, a rectangular sealing ring 7 is always in sliding contact with the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity 5 to achieve sliding sealing. In addition, a rectangular sealing ring 7 is also provided on the side of the two valve blocks 3 that are in smooth contact with each other, and all the sealing rings are embedded in the outer edge of the valve block 3 where they are located to achieve dynamic sealing and avoid leakage affecting the flow control accuracy. As a specific manufacturing detail, the cross section of the water passing hole 6 and the valve hole 2 is rectangular, and the length and width of the two are the same size, so that the water passing hole 6 and the valve hole 2 can be coaxially aligned and completely overlapped when necessary. The reason for using a rectangular cross section here is that when such holes overlap each other, it is easy to calculate the actual overlapping area, while the commonly used circular hole structure has an estimation factor in the calculation principle of the fan-shaped cross section formed by itself, so it is difficult to accurately calculate the valve block 3 displacement and the overlapping area between the holes.

[0026] As another implementation detail, as shown in Figure 1 The embodiment has a bearing disc 8 at the bottom of the rectangular sliding cavity 5, which is in contact with the bottom of the two valve blocks 3 through two pressure-resistant springs 10 respectively. Two drive rods are respectively fixed to the top of the valve blocks 3, which can ensure that the valve blocks 3 move more stably and accurately, and have more stable position after moving to the position. Referring to Figure 1 The bearing disc 8 in the embodiment includes a cylindrical part 801 and a bearing plate 802. The cylindrical part 801 is integrally fixed with the circular bearing plate 802 coaxially on the inner side of the cylindrical part 801. The bearing plate 802 is a circular plate with two downward recessed cylindrical grooves 803. Each cylindrical groove 803 is coaxially fixed with a guide rod 9. The top end of each guide rod 9 axially slidingly extends into a corresponding hole of the valve hole 2, and a pressure-resistant spring 10 is movably sleeved on the guide rod 9 between the valve hole 2 and the bottom of the cylindrical groove 803, so as to better achieve the purpose of more stable and accurate movement of the valve block 3. In addition, the cylindrical part 801 also serves to limit the downward position of the valve block 3, avoiding excessive downward movement of the valve block 3 out of the sealing relationship, and together with the cylindrical groove 803 to avoid excessive compression of the pressure-resistant spring 10.

[0027] Referring to Figure 1The bearing disc 8 is vertically slidingly fitted in the rectangular sliding cavity 5, and an adjusting bolt 11 is arranged at the bottom of the valve body 1. The adjusting bolt 11 is screwed into the rectangular sliding cavity 5 and is rotatably connected with the bottom of the bearing disc 8, and the two are always connected. For example, the end of the adjusting bolt 11 is in the form of a T-shaped bolt, which is rotatably arranged in a corresponding connecting hole at the bottom of the bearing disc 8, so that the rotating relationship is maintained and the two are not separated from each other. Through such a structural design, the position of the bearing disc 8 can be adjusted, that is, on the one hand, the limit position of the downward movement of the valve block 3 is controlled, and on the other hand, the pre-tightening force of the pressure-resistant spring 10 on the valve block 3 can be improved, so that the stability of the valve block 3 when moving to the position can be better guaranteed, and even the slight axial movement caused by the tooth gap between the threaded connection of the driving rod which is a screw rod 4 can be well eliminated. For the fixation of the adjusting screw 4, a countersunk hole for installing the adjusting bolt 11 can be specially arranged on the bottom surface of the valve body 1. The countersunk hole is used to arrange the nut 13 of the adjusting bolt 11. A disc spring 12 is arranged between the nut 13 and the sink of the countersunk hole. The disc spring 12 is always in a squeezed state, so that the adjusting bolt 11 is always tightly fastened no matter how it is screwed in.

[0028] On the basis of the structure of the above embodiment, the first driving rod and the second driving rod are both screw rods 4, and the pitch of the first driving rod is greater than the pitch of the second driving rod, so as to achieve the purpose that the axial movement speed of the first driving rod is faster than that of the second driving rod. Of course, in order to meet the condition of reverse movement, the threads of the two are opposite. In order to drive these driving rods, Figure 1 and Figure 3 two threaded sleeves, i.e. the first threaded sleeve 23 and the second threaded sleeve 24 in Figure 1 , can be arranged at the top of the valve body 1 and rotatably arranged in place. The bottom of the two threaded sleeves is used for the threaded connection of the top of the two screw rods 4. The transmission gears 14 are coaxially fixed at the end of each threaded sleeve which protrudes from the top of the valve body 1. The two transmission gears 14 are respectively engaged with a set of variable speed gears. The two sets of variable speed gears are in transmission connection with the main shaft 16 of a fixedly installed stepping motor 15. Through the transmission of the different variable speed gears, the rotating speed of the first driving rod can be higher than that of the second driving rod. The design of the variable speed gears can be adaptively designed according to the requirements of flow control.

[0029] Finally, as an optimal design structure, in the embodiment, the first driving rod and the second driving rod are both screw rods 4, Figure 3The two sets of variable gears must be driven by a driving gear 19 mounted on the main shaft 16, and the top surface of the driving gear 19 is in frictional contact with the friction plate 17 on the main shaft 16, so as to realize frictional transmission. That is, the driving gear 19 and the main shaft 16 are respectively provided with friction plates 17, and the two friction plates 17 are axially pressed together by the annular cover 18 coaxially fixed on the top end surface of the driving gear 19. When the stepping motor 15 is started, the two friction plates 17 will start to slip relative to each other at a certain time, that is, the driving gear 19 rotates relative to the friction plate 17 on the main shaft 16. At the same time, the gear shaft 20 of the driving gear 19 is rotatably installed in a stepped hole on the top of the valve body 1, and the electromagnetic iron 21 is arranged on the stepped surface of the stepped hole. The gear shaft 20 axially sleeved between the electromagnetic iron 21 and the driving gear 19 is provided with a magnetic adhesive elastic ring 22, and the gear shaft 20 and the gear are preferably made of 316 stainless steel, so as to avoid additional resistance caused by magnetic adhesion. In use, when the electromagnetic iron 21 is energized, the axial thrust force applied to the elastic ring 22 can hinder the rotation of the driving gear 19. When the stepping motor 15 rotates at a rated speed, if the current of the electromagnetic iron 21 increases, the rotation speed of the driving gear 19 decreases, thereby realizing the stepless speed regulation of the driving gear 19, so as to finely control the driving rods and the valve block 3 connected thereto, and flexibly and accurately adjust the flow rate in the valve hole 2.

[0030] It should be explained that in the present specification, terms such as first, second, etc. are only used to distinguish one feature from another, and do not mean that there is a certain relationship or order between the technical features. The terms "include" and "contain" mean that one or more technical means or features are included, and the specific meaning is that other existing or non-existing technical features are not included. The discussion in the above embodiments is only a representative example of the present application, and is not the only limited characteristic. Those skilled in the art should understand that some simple replacements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical content of all the claims of the present application, so as to change or equivalent to other specific embodiments and application scenarios. Regardless of the adaptive changes, these embodiments will inevitably fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A proportional valve, comprising a valve body (1) and a valve core mounted within the valve body (1), wherein the displacement of the valve core is controlled by an electromagnet (21) with adjustable current, characterized in that, The valve core is a block structure, including a first valve block and a second valve block, both of which are provided with water passage holes (6). The two valve blocks (3) are dynamically sealed and slidably contacted as a whole. The first valve block and the second valve block are respectively vertically slidably installed in the valve cavity of the valve body (1) by the first drive rod and the second drive rod. The vertical movement speed of the first drive rod is faster than that of the second drive rod and the two drive rods move in opposite directions, so that the water passage holes (6) of the two valve blocks (3) overlap with the valve holes (2) in the valve body (1) to different degrees. Both valve blocks (3) are rectangular block structures with smooth surfaces. A rectangular sliding cavity (5) perpendicular to the center of each valve hole (2) is also present. The two valve blocks (3) are vertically slidably installed inside the rectangular sliding cavity (5). Each valve hole (2) is attached to the surface of the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity (5), and a rectangular sealing ring (7) is embedded therein. The rectangular sealing ring (7) is always in dynamic sealing contact with the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity (5). A bearing plate (8) is provided at the bottom of the cavity inside the rectangular sliding cavity (5). The bearing plate (8) is connected to the bottom of the two valve blocks (3) respectively by two pressure-resistant springs (10). The two drive rods are respectively... The bearing plate (8) is fixed to the top of the valve block (3). The bearing plate (8) includes a cylindrical part (801) and a bearing plate (802). The cylindrical part (801) is integrally and coaxially fixed with the circular bearing plate (802). The bearing plate (802) has two downward recessed cylindrical grooves (803). A guide rod (9) is coaxially fixed in each cylindrical groove (803). The top end of each guide rod (9) is axially slidably inserted into the insertion hole of the valve hole (2) opposite to it. The pressure-resistant spring (10) is movably sleeved on the guide rod (9) between the valve hole (2) and the bottom of the cylindrical groove (803).

2. A proportional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular sealing ring (7) is also provided on the side of the two valve blocks (3) that makes smooth contact with each other, and all the sealing rings are embedded in the outer edge of their respective valve blocks (3).

3. A proportional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sections of the water passage (6) and the valve hole (2) are both rectangular, and their length and width dimensions are the same, so that the water passage (6) and the valve hole (2) can be completely overlapped coaxially.

4. A proportional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing plate (8) is vertically and slidably installed in the rectangular slide cavity (5). An adjusting bolt (11) is provided at the bottom of the valve body (1). After the adjusting bolt (11) is screwed into the rectangular slide cavity (5), it is rotatably connected to the bottom of the bearing plate (8), and the two can never be separated.

5. A proportional valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the valve body (1) is provided with a countersunk screw hole for installing the adjusting bolt (11). The countersunk screw hole is used to place the nut (13) of the adjusting bolt (11). A disc spring (12) is provided between the nut (13) and the countersunk screw hole. The disc spring (12) is always in a compressed state.

6. A proportional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first drive rod and the second drive rod are screws (4), and the pitch of the first drive rod is greater than that of the second drive rod. Two threaded sleeves are installed inside the valve body (1) near the top, rotating in place. The bottom ends of the two threaded sleeves are screwed into by the top threads of the two screws (4). A transmission gear (14) is coaxially fixed at one end of each threaded sleeve that extends out of the top of the valve body (1). Each of the two transmission gears (14) meshes with a set of speed-changing gears. Both sets of speed-changing gears are connected to the spindle (16) of a fixedly installed stepper motor (15), so that the speed of the first drive rod is higher than that of the second drive rod.

7. A proportional valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both sets of transmission gears are driven by a drive gear (19) mounted on the main shaft (16). The top surface of the drive gear (19) is in frictional contact with the friction disc (17) on the main shaft (16) through the friction disc (17). The two friction discs (17) are axially pressed together by an annular cover (18) coaxially fixed on the top surface of the drive gear (19). The gear shaft (20) of the drive gear (19) is rotatably installed in a stepped hole at the top of the valve body (1). The electromagnet (21) is provided on the stepped surface of the stepped hole. An axially telescopic elastic ring (22) with viscomagnetic properties is sleeved on the gear shaft (20) between the electromagnet (21) and the drive gear (19). When the electromagnet (21) is energized, the axial thrust applied to the elastic ring (22) has a hindering effect on the rotation of the drive gear (19). When the stepper motor (15) rotates at the rated speed, if the current of the electromagnet (21) increases, the speed of the drive gear (19) decreases.

Images