Methanol vaporization device and vaporization method

Abstract

The invention relates to a methanol vaporization device and method, the device comprises a venturi tube, a vaporization chamber, a liquid storage tank and a spraying module, the spraying module is arranged in the vaporization chamber and is used for spraying methanol to the vaporization chamber; the vaporizing chamber is arranged at the upper part of the device and is used for vaporizing the sprayed methanol; the venturi tube is arranged in the middle of the vaporizing chamber and is used for sucking vaporized methanol in the vaporizing chamber into the venturi tube; and the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the device, is connected with the vaporizing chamber and is used for storing unvaporized methanol in the vaporizing chamber. By utilizing the characteristics that methanol is easy to atomize and vaporize, methanol liquid is atomized through the sprayer to obtain smaller liquid drops, the specific surface area of methanol vaporization is increased, the heat transfer resistance between methanol and a heating surface is reduced, the energy consumption of methanol solution vaporization is reduced, compact design is adopted, and the atomization, vaporization and gas conveying functions are integrated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of methanol vaporization, and particularly relates to a methanol vaporization device and a vaporization method. Background Art

[0002] Methanol is an excellent carrier of hydrogen. China's annual methanol production accounts for about half of the world's total. Against the backdrop of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality", "green alcohol" (i.e. green methanol, using methanol as a hydrogen storage carrier) and methanol-to-hydrogen (for subsequent units, such as fuel cells, etc.) technologies have received more widespread attention. Methanol itself, as a clean fuel, also has the advantages of high combustion efficiency and low pollutant emissions. Methanol is a liquid at room temperature and generally needs to be vaporized into methanol vapor during reforming to produce hydrogen or combustion. Therefore, a low-energy methanol evaporator generator is very necessary.

[0003] Methanol is liquid at room temperature. At 25°C, the viscosity of methanol is 0.55mPa·s, which is less than 1 / 10 of gasoline. At the same time, the surface tension of methanol is 22.7mN / m at 20°C, while the surface tensions of water and gasoline are 72.8mN / m and 25mN / m at the same temperature. Due to the lower viscosity and surface tension, methanol liquid is easier to be broken and atomized. The boiling point of methanol at normal pressure is 64.8°C, and the saturated vapor pressure at 50°C is about 50 times that of gasoline, making methanol easier to vaporize than most gasoline fractions. At the same time, the latent heat of vaporization of methanol is high (the latent heat of vaporization of methanol is 1100kJ / kg, which is almost 4-5 times that of gasoline), so a lot of heat is required to vaporize methanol. Industrial large-scale vaporization of methanol generally uses combustion heating and electric heating methods. The combustion heating method uses fuel combustion to directly boil and vaporize methanol; the electric heating method heats the methanol liquid through resistance wire and heating cylinder to evaporate and vaporize it. These two methods have high vaporization energy consumption, and the vaporization equipment is large in size, which is not suitable for small systems.

[0004] Prior art 1 (CN 212157241 U) is a methanol vaporization mixer, which adopts catalytic combustion method to pass part of methanol into the catalytic chamber for catalytic combustion to complete the vaporization of methanol. The device needs to consume additional methanol as fuel for the catalytic heat exchanger in the air preheating chamber, which not only increases fuel consumption but also increases the volume of the device; the heat exchange tube design adopts a wavy curve as a rotating surface of the generatrix, which is beneficial to heat exchange, but increases the manufacturing cost.

[0005] Prior art 2 (CN 116291930 A) is a methanol engine cold start method. It uses a detection unit to determine whether the engine is in a cold start state, selects different methanol injection amounts according to different states, and uses a temperature sensor to determine whether the heater is turned on. The advantages of this device are: fast vaporization speed, low energy consumption, and fast response speed. However, the use scenario of this device is limited to the methanol engine system. It is actually a control method for the cold start of the methanol engine, not the methanol vaporization itself.

[0006] The system of prior art 3 (CN 117427571 A) is mainly used for methanol hydrogen production. It vaporizes methanol through a honeycomb heat conductor in the heating chamber. The temperature of the heating chamber is controlled to be maintained at about 250°C by controlling the frequency of the microwave generator. The advantages of this device are: fast response speed and the ability to quickly produce hydrogen-rich fuel. This system does not involve methanol atomization, and the heating method is limited to microwave heating.

[0007] Prior art 4 (CN 202392794 U) is a methanol vaporization direct-fired engine. This patent introduces methanol vaporization to achieve a direct-fired engine combustion mode or system flow of mixed combustion with other fuels, but does not explain how to achieve methanol vaporization.

[0008] Prior art 5 (CN 206831554 U) is a methanol vaporization converter. This patent adopts methanol atomization, but the atomization chamber and the heating chamber are separate components, the structure is not compact, and the atomized methanol droplets are difficult to transport (i.e., lack the "gas suction transport" mentioned in this patent). At the same time, this patent does not take into account the incompletely vaporized methanol droplets and does not set up a methanol recovery part.

[0009] Prior art six (CN 214949178 U) is a methanol vaporization device. It heats the heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting layer through a heater to uniformly vaporize methanol. The device has a simple structure and a fast vaporization speed, but the heat-conducting oil needs to be set to 200°C, and methanol atomization is not involved, and the required heat is high; and the device does not take into account the methanol vapor transportation method, and the transportation efficiency is low.

[0010] In summary, the existing technologies all have the following problems: methanol vaporization latent heat is relatively high, and direct vaporization requires a large heat transfer area to improve vaporization efficiency; when the heat transfer efficiency is not high, the vaporization energy consumption will increase significantly; the direct vaporization equipment is too large and is not friendly to small systems; the direct vaporization equipment has high manufacturing costs and a complex structure. Summary of the invention

[0011] In order to solve the current technical problems, the present invention adopts a methanol vaporization device and a vaporization method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0012] A methanol vaporization device, comprising: a venturi, a vaporization chamber, a liquid storage tank and a spray module.

[0013] Wherein, the spray module is arranged in the vaporization chamber, and is used for spraying methanol into the vaporization chamber;

[0014] The vaporization chamber is arranged at the upper part of the device and is used to vaporize the injected methanol;

[0015] The venturi tube is arranged in the middle of the vaporization chamber and is used to draw vaporized methanol in the vaporization chamber into the tube;

[0016] The liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the device, connected to the vaporization chamber, and is used for storing the methanol that has not been vaporized in the vaporization chamber.

[0017] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein the spray module includes at least two sprayers.

[0018] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation manner, an implementation manner is further provided, in which a first vaporization passage connected to the vaporization chamber is provided between the vaporization chamber and the throat of the venturi tube.

[0019] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, in which a second vaporization passage is provided between the throat of the venturi and the liquid storage tank.

[0020] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein an inclined heating plate or heat exchange plate is provided at the bottom of the vaporization chamber, and a convex structure, a wave structure or a spiral pattern is provided on the heating plate or the heat exchange plate.

[0021] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein an exhaust gas heater is disposed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet are disposed on the exhaust gas heater.

[0022] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation, wherein a plurality of flue gas baffles arranged in parallel, inclined or crosswise manner are provided in the exhaust gas heat exchanger.

[0023] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation, wherein each of the sprayers is provided with a solenoid valve capable of adjusting the injection amount.

[0024] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein the device further comprises a housing, and the venturi, the vaporization chamber and the liquid storage tank are all disposed in the housing.

[0025] The present invention also provides a vaporization method of a methanol vaporization device, the method being implemented by using the methanol vaporization device, comprising:

[0026] S1. The sprayer sprays the methanol liquid from the outside into the vaporization chamber, and the heating plate or the heat exchange plate vaporizes the atomized methanol;

[0027] S2. The venturi tube is simultaneously fed with an ejection fluid, and the methanol vapor heated and vaporized in the vaporization chamber is sucked into the venturi tube at the throat position, and the methanol vapor is mixed and transported by the ejection fluid;

[0028] S3. The unvaporized methanol droplets flow into the liquid storage tank, and the tail gas heat exchanger in the liquid storage tank vaporizes the methanol droplets, and the vaporized methanol vapor enters the venturi tube.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention provides a methanol vaporization device, comprising: a venturi, a vaporization chamber, a liquid storage tank and a spray module, wherein the spray module is arranged in the vaporization chamber and is used to spray methanol into the vaporization chamber; the vaporization chamber is arranged at the upper part of the device and is used to vaporize the sprayed methanol; the venturi is arranged at the middle position of the vaporization chamber and is used to draw the vaporized methanol in the vaporization chamber into its tube; the liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the device and is connected to the vaporization chamber and is used to store the unvaporized methanol in the vaporization chamber. It has the following advantages:

[0032] (1) The energy consumption of methanol liquid vaporization is greatly reduced

[0033] Taking advantage of the characteristics of methanol being easy to atomize and vaporize, the methanol liquid is atomized by a sprayer to obtain smaller droplets, thereby increasing the specific surface area of ​​methanol vaporization, reducing the heat transfer resistance between methanol and the heating surface, and reducing the energy consumption of methanol solution vaporization.

[0034] (2) Compact design, reduced equipment size and high vaporization efficiency

[0035] The compact design integrates atomization, vaporization and gas delivery functions. The droplets of methanol are highly dispersed after atomization, and the thermal surface area after atomization is significantly increased compared with direct vaporization. The integrated design of vaporization and suction is adopted. Through the venturi, the atomized methanol vapor is sucked by air (or other thermal fluids such as water vapor) and mixed with each other (the specific fluid used to suck methanol depends on different scenarios, for example: methanol steam reforming uses water vapor to suck methanol, and methanol partial oxidation reforming uses air to suck methanol), so as to realize the transportation of methanol vapor and thermal fluids and greatly reduce the volume of the equipment.

[0036] (3) Using tail gas waste heat to recover vaporized methanol

[0037] Due to the characteristics of the present invention, the advantage of low boiling point of methanol is fully utilized. The methanol atomization device is coupled to the energy system, and the low-grade tail gas waste heat in the system where the device is located can be used to improve the thermal efficiency of the system. It is particularly suitable for small energy systems, such as: methanol fuel solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a front view of the vaporization device of the first embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 : is a side view of the vaporization device of the first embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 : is a cross-sectional view of the vaporization device along line AA of the first embodiment;

[0041] Figure 4 : is a front view of the vaporization device of the first embodiment;

[0042] Figure 5 : is a cross-sectional view of the vaporization device BB of the first embodiment;

[0043] Figure 6 : is the cross-sectional position of the vaporization device CC in the first embodiment;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The layout of the exhaust heat exchanger baffle at the CC section;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a front view of the vaporization device of the second embodiment;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the vaporization device DD of the second embodiment;

[0047] Fig.10 This is the suction principle diagram of the Venturi tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the content of the present invention includes but is not limited to the specific implementation methods described below, and similar technologies and methods should be considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] It should be clear that the embodiments described in the present invention are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0051] The present invention provides a methanol vaporization device, which comprises a venturi, a vaporization chamber, a liquid storage tank and a spray module.

[0052] Wherein, the spray module is arranged in the vaporization chamber, and is used for spraying methanol into the vaporization chamber;

[0053] The vaporization chamber is arranged at the upper part of the device and is used to vaporize the injected methanol;

[0054] The venturi tube is arranged in the middle of the vaporization chamber and is used to draw vaporized methanol in the vaporization chamber into the tube;

[0055] The liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the device, connected to the vaporization chamber, and is used for storing the methanol that has not been vaporized in the vaporization chamber.

[0056] Specific as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the device of the first embodiment of the present invention adopts an axisymmetric design, and completes methanol atomization, vaporization, gas extraction and transportation, and exhaust gas waste heat recovery through the integration of structures such as the sprayer 4, the atomization / vaporization chamber 3, the venturi 2, and the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6. The specific arrangement is as follows: the vaporization chamber 3 is arranged at the upper part of the device, and an electric heating surface or a waste heat heating surface is arranged at the bottom of the vaporization chamber for vaporizing the injected methanol; the venturi 2 is located at the upper center of the device, specifically arranged in the middle of the two vaporization chambers 3, and the contact part between the two vaporization chambers 3 is sealed to suck the vaporized methanol in the vaporization chamber into its tube. The liquid storage tank 5 is arranged at the lower part of the device, connected to the vaporization chamber 3, and is used to store the unvaporized methanol in the vaporization chamber 3. The throat 21 of the venturi tube 2 is connected to the vaporization chamber channels 22 on the left and right sides, that is, an axisymmetric design is adopted, one side of the vaporization chamber channel 22 is connected to the chamber wall of the vaporization chamber 3, and the connected chamber wall portion is located above the sprayer 4, and the other side is connected to the throat 21 of the venturi tube 2, the throat 21 of the venturi tube 2 is connected to the vaporization chamber 3 only through the vaporization chamber channel 22, and the top of the venturi tube 2 is flush with the top of the vaporization chamber 3, and at the same time, the throat 21 of the venturi tube 2 is connected to the upper chamber of the liquid reservoir 5 through the liquid reservoir vaporization channel 23. The walls are connected, that is, the bottom of the liquid storage tank vaporization channel 23 is connected to the chamber wall above the liquid storage tank 5, and the top of the liquid storage tank vaporization channel 23 is connected to the bottom of the throat 21 of the venturi 2. The sprayer 4 is connected to the external methanol supply device. The sprayer 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the vaporization chamber 3 and is located below the vaporization chamber channel 22. The number of sprayers 4 can be selected according to the actual working conditions. It is fixed on the inner wall of the vaporization chamber 3 by threads. The installation height and angle of the sprayer 4 can be determined according to the spray angle and the spray penetration distance to ensure a good spray angle and spray particle size in the vaporization chamber 3. The atomized droplets settle to the surface of the heating plate 31 to be heated and vaporized, and in the process of descent, they are countercurrently exchanged with the rising methanol vapor obtained by heating the methanol on the heating plate 31. The methanol vapor and a small amount of unvaporized methanol droplets are sucked into the main channel of the venturi 2 by the suction fluid in the venturi 2. The heating plate 31 is arranged at an angle at the bottom of the vaporization chamber 3, with an angle range of 20°-40°, preferably 30°. A convex structure is arranged on the heating plate 31 to increase the methanol Drain holes 51 are provided between the vaporization chamber 3 and the liquid storage tank 5. The drainage holes 51 are provided on the side walls of the liquid storage tank 5, that is, on the side walls of the liquid storage tank 5 above the lowest point of the inclination of the heating plate 31. The number of the drainage holes 51 is 8-12, or other numbers, and they are arranged on the same straight line, or arranged in parallel rows, so that the incompletely vaporized methanol droplets in the two vaporization chambers 3 converge and flow into the liquid storage tank 5 through the drainage holes along the lowest point of the inclination of the heating plate 31.The liquid storage tank 5 is located directly below the venturi tube 2. The liquid storage tank 5 is used to collect and store the unvaporized methanol liquid in the vaporization chamber 3. A heat exchange plate 52 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 5. The flue gas baffles 63 are staggered in the tail gas heat exchanger 6. The number of baffles arranged parallel and equidistantly is at least 13. The arrangement between the baffles forms an S-shaped channel, so that the high-temperature flue gas entering the flue gas heat exchanger 6 from the tail gas inlet 61 flows in an S-shaped manner, extending the length of the flue gas circulation channel, thereby increasing the residence time of the flue gas in the heat exchanger 6, strengthening the indirect heat exchange between the flue gas and the methanol droplets, and the flue gas finally flows out from the tail gas outlet 62 of the tail gas heat exchanger 6. The heat exchange plate 52 is also located at the top of the tail gas heat exchanger 6. The flue gas from the tail gas heat exchanger 6 heats the heat exchange plate 52, and then the heated heat exchange plate 52 vaporizes the methanol liquid flowing in through the drainage hole 51 again. The suction fluid in the venturi 2 is used to suck the vaporized methanol vapor in the atomizing chamber 3 and the liquid storage tank 5, and take the methanol vapor out of the device. In addition, temperature sensors 7 can be placed on the surfaces of the heating plate 31 and the heat exchange plate 52, and other appropriate positions to monitor the temperature of the heating surface or the fluid. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 It can be seen that a trapezoidal cavity is provided at the lower part of the two vaporization chambers 3, and a temperature sensor 7 is placed in each cavity to monitor the temperature of the entire device. In the present invention, the heating plate 31 adopts electric heating, and the heat exchange plate 52 adopts exhaust gas heat exchange, and the exhaust gas comes from the fuel cell system or the burner.

[0057] Preferably, the functions of the venturi tube 2 provided in the present invention are as follows: the throat 21 of the venturi tube can form a low-pressure area, in which methanol vapor can be sucked, so as to achieve mixing of the suction fluid and the methanol vapor; in addition, the low-pressure area of ​​the throat 21 of the venturi tube 2 can generate a certain vacuum degree, which is used in occasions such as suction and vacuum transportation. The specific principle is as follows: Fig.10 As shown, the suction fluid flows into the throat 21 of the venturi tube, so that it generates a local negative pressure. The suction fluid is preferably air or water vapor. Since the throat of the venturi tube has the above-mentioned characteristics, the present invention opens three through holes in the middle or central position of the circumference of the throat 21 of the venturi tube 2, two of which are symmetrically arranged, each connected to a vaporization chamber channel 22, the other end of the vaporization chamber channel 22 is connected to the vaporization chamber 3, and the other through hole is connected to the liquid storage tank vaporization channel 23, and the other end of the liquid storage tank vaporization channel 23 is connected to the liquid storage tank 5. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the central position of the throat 21 of the venturi tube is connected to the vaporization chamber channel 22 and the liquid storage tank vaporization channel 23 through three through holes, respectively, so that they are connected to the vaporization chamber 3 and the liquid storage tank 5 respectively, and are used to suck the vaporized methanol vapor in the vaporization chamber 3 and the liquid storage tank 5, and at the same time complete the mixing of the methanol vapor and the suction fluid. The size of the venturi tube can be designed according to the specific suction ratio.

[0058] The device of the present invention adopts an integrated design of atomization, vaporization and suction. Compared with other existing vaporization equipment, the whole device is small in size and low in manufacturing cost, and is more suitable for small systems. Since the methanol droplet injection is relatively dispersed, the present invention adopts a sprayer 4 to directly spray onto the heating surface of the heating plate 31 of the vaporization chamber 3 for evaporation and vaporization. The required heat is much lower than that of directly heating and vaporizing the methanol liquid. At the same time, the overall vaporization efficiency of the device is high, which has been proven to be more than 95%, greatly reducing the vaporization energy consumption, and the sprayer 4 can also be replaced by a nozzle. At the same time, the device is provided with a heat exchange surface of a heat exchange plate 52, which is arranged in the liquid storage tank 5 and also serves as the top cover of the tail gas heat exchanger 6, recycling and utilizing medium and low temperature waste heat (such as: tail gas of the fuel cell system or the burner tail gas) for methanol evaporation and vaporization, further improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0059] Preferably, the heating surface of the heating plate 31 in the vaporization chamber 3 and the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange plate 52 in the liquid storage tank 5 preferably adopt a convex structure, which increases the vaporization area and prolongs the residence time of methanol on the heat exchange surface. Preferably, other specific texture structures can also be set, such as spiral textures, wave structures, etc. The present invention increases the heat transfer surface area for heating or heat exchange through these structural designs, thereby increasing the residence time of methanol droplets on the heating plate 31 or the heat exchange plate 52 and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0060] Preferably, the inclination angle of the heating plate 31 in the vaporization chamber is controlled between 30° and 60°. This angle setting can ensure the vaporization efficiency of the heating plate 31 while ensuring that larger methanol droplets will not accumulate on the heating plate 31.

[0061] Preferably, the exhaust gas heat exchanger baffles 63 of the present invention are provided with a plurality of baffles, which are arranged in parallel, staggered and equidistant in the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6, and the lengths of the baffles 63 are different. Long baffles and short baffles are mixed and arranged perpendicular to the passage direction of the exhaust gas, thereby extending the length of the channel through which the exhaust gas circulates.

[0062] In addition to the above-mentioned parallel setting, the baffle 63 in the exhaust gas heat exchanger can also be installed at an angle, such as a V-shaped arrangement or a W-shaped arrangement, to increase the residence time of the flue gas. These installation methods are used to increase the residence time of the exhaust gas in the heat exchanger and enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0063] Preferably, a solenoid valve (not shown) is provided in front of the sprayer or nozzle of the present invention, and the injection amount of methanol is regulated by changing the switching frequency and duty cycle of the solenoid valve; the vaporization rate of methanol is controlled in combination with the control of the heat load of the heating surface (heating surface temperature, heating fluid flow rate, etc.). For example: the temperature of the heating surface of the heating plate is monitored by setting a heating plate temperature sensor 7, and a temperature threshold is set at the same time. When the temperature of the heating plate is lower than the threshold, it is considered that there are likely to be a large number of unvaporized methanol droplets in the vaporization chamber 3. At this time, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the electric heating plate and reduce the duty cycle of the solenoid valve to ensure that the methanol in the vaporization chamber can be completely vaporized.

[0064] As an embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the present invention further provides a methanol vaporization method, which is implemented by using the device of the first embodiment of the present invention, comprising: S1. a sprayer sprays methanol from the outside into a vaporization chamber, and a heating plate or a heat exchange plate vaporizes the atomized methanol;

[0065] S2. The venturi tube is simultaneously fed with an ejection fluid, and the methanol vapor heated and vaporized in the vaporization chamber is sucked into the venturi tube at the throat position, and the methanol vapor is mixed and transported by the ejection fluid;

[0066] S3. The unvaporized methanol droplets flow into the liquid storage tank, and the tail gas heater or heat exchanger in the liquid storage tank vaporizes the methanol droplets, and the vaporized methanol vapor enters the venturi.

[0067] The specific process is as follows:

[0068] The present invention utilizes the property of methanol being easy to atomize. The methanol of the sprayer 4 is provided by an external methanol supply device. Then the sprayer 4 sprays methanol droplets onto the heating plate 31 to complete the vaporization process. The atomized methanol droplets exchange heat with the heating plate 31 in the heating environment of the vaporization chamber to complete vaporization. At the same time, a suction fluid (such as air or water vapor, etc.) is introduced into the venturi 2. When the fluid flows through the throat 21, the cross-sectional area is reduced and the fluid velocity is increased, thereby forming a low-pressure area at the throat 21. The heated and vaporized methanol vapors in the two vaporization chambers 3 are respectively sucked into the venturi 2 through the two vaporization chamber channels 22. The methanol vapors are mixed and transported by the ejection fluid or the suction fluid. Then, the unvaporized methanol droplets attached to the wall of the vaporization chamber 3 flow to the heating plate 31 due to gravity. The temperature of the heating plate 31 is kept above the boiling point of methanol to ensure the vaporization rate of methanol. At the same time, a protrusion is provided on the heating plate 31 to increase the heat exchange area and the residence time of the droplets on the heating plate 31. Finally, the remaining methanol droplets that have not been vaporized flow along the heating plate 31 through the drainage hole 51 into the liquid reservoir 5; after the unvaporized methanol droplets enter the liquid reservoir 5, the heat exchange plate 52 of the liquid reservoir 5 exchanges heat through the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6 below, so that the methanol droplets in the liquid reservoir 5 are vaporized, and the evaporated methanol vapor in the liquid reservoir 5 enters the venturi 2 through the liquid reservoir channel 23 to mix with the suction fluid, and the mixed premixed gas flows out of the venturi 2, and then enters the burner for combustion or the reformer for hydrogen production.

[0069] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, as another embodiment of the device of the present invention, the heating plate 31 and the heat exchange plate therein both use exhaust gas heat exchange. Compared with the first embodiment, the heat supply of the vaporization chamber 3 is replaced by the vaporization chamber heat exchange plate 84 from the heating plate 31, and the trapezoidal cavity below the vaporization chamber 3 is configured as an exhaust gas heat exchanger 8, which is used simultaneously with the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6 configured in the first embodiment, wherein the exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 on one side is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 82 and an outlet 83, and the exhaust gas heat exchanger on the other side is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 82' and an outlet (not shown in the figure), and each exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 is internally arranged with baffles 81 staggered up and down, and the baffles 81 are arranged in an up and down staggered manner, and the two plates are arranged at equal intervals, so that the smoke or exhaust gas flows in an S-shaped or "J"-shaped manner. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6 and the two exhaust gas heat exchangers The exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 is used at the same time, and the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6 is still used to heat the bottom heat exchange plate in the liquid storage tank 5. After the flue gas enters the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6 from the inlet 61, the flue gas vaporizes the methanol in the liquid storage tank 5 by heating the bottom heat exchange plate 52 of the liquid storage tank 5, so that it evaporates and vaporizes; in this embodiment, the exhaust gas enters the two exhaust gas heat exchangers 8 and the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6 from the inlets 82, 82' and 61 at the same time, and the two exhaust gas heat exchangers 8 heat the vaporization chamber heat exchange plate 84 in each vaporization chamber 3, and then the heat exchange plate 84 vaporizes and evaporates the methanol; the exhaust gas heat exchanger 6 heats the heat exchange plate 52 in the liquid storage tank 5, and then vaporizes and evaporates the methanol droplets collected in the liquid storage tank 5. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the two trapezoidal cavities are arranged as two exhaust gas heat exchangers 8, the heating plate 31 is replaced by a heat exchange plate 84, the heating plate 31 is supplied with heat by exhaust gas instead of power, and the arrangement of the remaining components, such as the venturi tube 2, the liquid storage tank 5 and the vaporization chamber 3, is the same as that of the first embodiment and will not be repeated.

[0070] The arrangement position of the sprayer 4 in the present invention is at an appropriate position below the vaporization chamber channel 22, ensuring that the venturi 2 draws the methanol vapor completely vaporized at the top of the vaporization chamber 3. When the low-temperature suction fluid circulates in the venturi 2, it is necessary to increase the superheat of the methanol vaporization vapor, and the temperature of the vaporization chamber heat exchange plate and the liquid storage tank heat exchange plate is increased by increasing the temperature of the heating plate 31 and the tail gas temperature in the first embodiment or by increasing the flue gas or tail gas temperature in the second embodiment, so as to increase the temperature of the methanol vapor, so as to ensure that the methanol vapor and the low-temperature suction fluid are mixed and will not be liquefied by cold. The inclination angle of the heating plate 31 in the vaporization chamber is controlled between 30° and 60°, which ensures the vaporization efficiency of the heating plate while ensuring that larger methanol droplets will not accumulate on the heating plate.

[0071] When the device is used for vaporization, when the device is initially operated, there is sufficient high-temperature flue gas outside, and the second embodiment can be used. The suction, vaporization and exhaust heat recovery principles of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment. Unlike the first embodiment, the vaporization chamber 3 of the second embodiment is heated by high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas enters the vaporization chamber exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 through the exhaust gas inlet 82 and 82'. Since the heat exchanger 8 is provided with an upper and lower staggered heat exchanger baffle 81, the flue gas or exhaust gas flows in the heat exchanger 8 in a "J" shape or "S" shape, and then flows out from the outlet 83. The residence time of the high-temperature flue gas in the exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 is increased, and the heat exchange between the flue gas and the vaporization chamber 3 is enhanced.

[0072] In summary, the device of the present invention adopts a compact design, integrates methanol atomization, vaporization and gas transportation functions, optimizes heat and mass transfer, and realizes a low-power, high-efficiency and miniaturized methanol vaporization solution.

[0073] This device utilizes the property of methanol being easy to vaporize. The sprayer 4 atomizes the methanol liquid into small droplets by pressurized injection. The heating plate in the vaporization chamber is provided with a convex shape to increase the specific surface area of ​​methanol and increase heat and mass transfer. At the same time, the viscosity and surface tension of methanol are lower than those of gasoline. A commercial gasoline engine injector or a common atomizing nozzle can meet the atomization requirements, so that methanol can be directly sprayed on the medium and low temperature surface of the heating plate or the heat exchange plate to be heated and evaporated. The heat transfer surface is simply arranged. Since the methanol droplets are highly dispersed, the required heat surface temperature is much lower than the heat source temperature required for direct vaporization, which will greatly reduce the energy consumption of vaporization. The device adopts the principle of gas pumping and mixing. Through the venturi, air (methanol premixed combustion) or water vapor (methanol water vapor reforming hydrogen production) and other fluids are used to extract and transport the vaporized methanol vapor and complete the premixing. The heat exchange surface is arranged on the heating plate or the heat exchange plate, so that the medium and low temperature waste heat (such as: the tail gas of the fuel cell system) can be recycled and utilized. The flue gas baffle arranged in the flue gas heat exchanger increases the heat exchange efficiency, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system. The device controls the methanol injection amount by adjusting the switching frequency and duty cycle of the electromagnetic valve, and combined with the adjustment of the heat load of the heating surface, the device of the present invention can accurately adjust the methanol vaporization rate to ensure complete methanol atomization and vaporization.

[0074] The above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as mentioned above, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the application concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A methanol vaporization device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a venturi, a vaporization chamber, a liquid storage tank and a spray module. Wherein, the spray module is arranged in the vaporization chamber, and is used for spraying and atomizing methanol into the vaporization chamber; The vaporization chamber is arranged at the upper part of the device and is used to vaporize the injected methanol; The venturi tube is arranged in the middle of the vaporization chamber and is used to draw vaporized methanol in the vaporization chamber into the tube; The liquid storage tank is arranged at the lower part of the device, connected to the vaporization chamber, and is used for storing the methanol that has not been vaporized in the vaporization chamber.

2. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray module includes at least two sprayers.

3. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first vaporization passage connected to the vaporization chamber is provided between the vaporization chamber and the throat of the venturi.

4. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second vaporization passage is provided between the throat of the venturi and the liquid storage tank.

5. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined heating plate or heat exchange plate is arranged in the bottom of the vaporization chamber, and a convex structure, a wave structure or a spiral pattern is arranged on the heating plate or the heat exchange plate.

6. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust gas heater is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet are arranged on the exhaust gas heater.

7. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust gas heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of smoke baffles which are arranged in parallel, inclined or crosswise.

8. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the sprayers is provided with a solenoid valve capable of adjusting the spraying amount.

9. The methanol vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a housing, wherein the venturi, the vaporization chamber and the liquid storage tank are all arranged in the housing.

10. A vaporization method for a methanol vaporization device, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using the methanol vaporization device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: S1. The sprayer sprays the methanol liquid from the outside into the vaporization chamber, and the heating plate or the heat exchange plate vaporizes the atomized methanol; S2. The venturi tube is simultaneously fed with an ejection fluid, and the methanol vapor heated and vaporized in the vaporization chamber is sucked into the venturi tube at the throat position, and the methanol vapor is mixed and transported by the ejection fluid; S3. The unvaporized methanol droplets flow into the liquid storage tank, and the tail gas heat exchanger in the liquid storage tank vaporizes the methanol droplets, and the vaporized methanol vapor enters the venturi tube.

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