Hydrogen Fuel Cell and Solar Energy-Driven Absorption-Type Combined Cooling, Heating and Power Supply System and Method

Abstract

Hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply system and method, which relate to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell temperature control, couple a hydrogen fuel cell, a solar collector and an absorption heat pump system to achieve heat management of the hydrogen fuel cell, improving the safety and stability of the hydrogen fuel cell system; heat a hot water storage tank by the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell and the solar collector to generate heat source water for direct heating of users, and drive the absorption heat pump system to generate cooling capacity and heat for cooling and supplementary heating of users. At the same time, use the hydrogen fuel cell to supply power to users, realizing the efficient multi-level utilization of energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell temperature control, and in particular to an absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power system and method driven by a hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy. Background Art

[0002] Absorption heat pumps are gradually attracting people's attention due to their efficient use of low-grade thermal energy, environmental friendliness, low operating costs and versatility. Absorption heat pumps can use heat sources such as solar energy and waste heat as driving force, making the system operating costs lower. In addition, their electricity consumption accounts for 5% to 10% of the total energy consumption. At the same time, absorption heat pumps have fewer mechanical moving parts, do not contain compressors, and have low operating noise.

[0003] Solar energy is a clean, renewable energy source. Using solar thermal collectors for heating can reduce fossil fuel consumption, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and be environmentally friendly. However, the efficiency of solar thermal collectors is highly dependent on sunlight conditions. On cloudy or rainy days, or during winter when sunlight is insufficient, the heat collection effect decreases significantly, affecting the performance of the heating system.

[0004] Hydrogen fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. Their theoretical maximum efficiency can reach 60%-80%, but heat dissipation usually accounts for 20% to 40% of the total energy. If this heat is not managed, it will cause uneven heating of the internal parts of the fuel cell and increase the temperature, thereby affecting the output power and overall performance of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0005] However, as fuel cells operate, their temperature continues to rise, eventually exceeding their optimal operating temperature. This degrades system performance and creates safety risks. The challenge currently being addressed is how to ensure the safe and stable operation of hydrogen fuel cells while utilizing solar collectors to assist in driving an absorption heat pump system to meet user cooling and heating needs.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the problems and shortcomings in the existing technology, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption combined heating, cooling and power system and method. The first purpose is to control the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell so that it operates in an optimal temperature range and improve the safety and stability of the system. The second purpose is to use the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell to provide heating for users and at the same time drive the absorption heat pump system to provide cooling for users.

[0008] The technical concept of the present invention is:

[0009] The battery cooling is achieved by transferring the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the transferred waste heat is used to directly supply heat to users or drive the absorption heat pump system to operate for cooling and supplementary heating for users. When the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell is insufficient to drive the absorption heat pump system, the heat of the solar collector can be used for assistance to form a coupled system of the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy; if the solar heat is still insufficient, the electric energy of the hydrogen fuel cell is used as assistance to finally realize the combined cooling, heating and power supply of the system.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] An absorption-type cooling, heating and power cogeneration system driven by a hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy includes a hydrogen fuel cell that supplies power to users through an inverter, and also includes a hot water storage tank, a solar collector and an absorption heat pump system.

[0012] The hot water storage tank is electrically connected to the inverter, and is connected to the water inlet and outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell to form a cooling circulation loop, and directly supplies heat to users through a heating port, and supplies heat to the absorption heat pump system through a pump 1. When the system works, low-temperature cooling water enters from the water inlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell and absorbs heat inside the hydrogen fuel cell and then warms up. Subsequently, this high-temperature cooling water flows out from the water outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell and enters the hot water storage tank for heat exchange, realizing the cooling of the hydrogen fuel cell and the heating of the hot water storage tank. In addition, under direct heating throughout the year, when the heat source water in the hot water storage tank reaches the set temperature, heat can be directly delivered to the user end.

[0013] In addition, a makeup water tank for the absorption-type cooling, heating and power cogeneration system driven by a hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy is also provided in the present invention. The makeup water tank is connected to the cold water inlet of the hot water storage tank through a makeup water valve and is used to supplement cold water to the hot water storage tank. When the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank exceeds the optimum operating temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the makeup water valve can be opened to complete the cooling of the hot water storage tank and ensure the safe and stable operation of the hydrogen fuel cell. In addition, as the hot water inside the hot water storage tank is continuously consumed, the water volume is supplemented by controlling the opening and closing of the makeup water valve to ensure that there is always sufficient water volume in the hot water storage tank.

[0014] The solar collector is connected to the hot water storage tank and is used to heat the water in the hot water storage tank. A light intensity sensor is provided thereon, and the light intensity sensor is used to detect the light intensity and control the operation or stop of the solar collector according to the comparison between the detection result and the preset value. When the temperature in the hot water storage tank is lower than the set value, the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell cannot realize direct heating. At this time, it is judged whether the solar collector meets the requirement for auxiliary heating of the hot water storage tank according to the light conditions. If not, the water in the hot water storage tank is electrically heated by the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell. If it meets the requirement, the water in the hot water storage tank is heated by the solar collector.

[0015] The absorption heat pump system includes a generator. The refrigerant outlet of the generator is connected to a condenser. The condenser is connected to an evaporator via a throttle valve. The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator is connected to the refrigerant inlet of an absorber. The cooling supply port of the evaporator is connected to a user cooling terminal to form a cooling cycle loop. Specifically, the evaporator is sequentially connected to the user cooling terminal, a second pump, and a first stop valve through the cooling supply port to form a cooling cycle loop.

[0016] The absorbent outlet of the absorber is sequentially connected to the absorbent inlet of the generator through a solution pump, the first set of ports of a second heat exchanger, and the first set of ports of a first heat exchanger. The absorbent inlet of the absorber is connected to the absorbent outlet of the generator through the second set of ports of the second heat exchanger.

[0017] In addition, the absorber is connected to the condenser and a user heating terminal through other ports to form a supplementary heating cycle loop. Specifically, a third pump is also provided on the supplementary heating cycle loop, which is connected between the condenser and the user heating terminal.

[0018] A hot water storage tank is connected to the second set of ports of the first heat exchanger through a first pump to form a heating cycle loop for heating the absorbent that enters the generator after passing through the first heat exchanger.

[0019] In order to improve the efficiency of the heating cycle loop, the first pump is sequentially connected to the evaporator and the hot water storage tank through a second stop valve to form a heating cycle loop for enhancing the efficiency of the supplementary heating cycle loop.

[0020] More specifically, the second stop valve is connected to the first pump through a first three-way joint. The inlet of the first three-way joint is connected to the outlet of the first pump. The first outlet is connected to the inlet of the second stop valve. The second outlet is connected to the inlet of the second set of ports of the first heat exchanger. The evaporator is connected to the hot water storage tank through a second three-way joint. The outlet of the second three-way joint is connected to the hot water storage tank. The first inlet is connected to the outlet of the evaporator. The second inlet is connected to the outlet of the second set of ports of the first heat exchanger.

[0021] When the temperature of the heat source water in the hot water storage tank meets the requirement for driving the absorption heat pump system, the absorption heat pump system starts and operates. The operation process of the absorption heat pump system is as follows: In the generator, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant increase. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor enters the condenser and condenses into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid. After passing through the throttle valve, the pressure is reduced and it enters the evaporator. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor enters the absorber and mixes with the dilute lithium bromide solution to form a dilute lithium bromide solution. The dilute lithium bromide solution in the absorber is sequentially passed through the solution pump, the second heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger for sufficient heat exchange. After the temperature rises, it enters the generator. In the generator, the temperature of the dilute lithium bromide solution increases, the aqueous solution evaporates, and the dilute lithium bromide solution becomes a concentrated lithium bromide solution. Then, it passes through the second heat exchanger to heat the dilute lithium bromide solution in a countercurrent manner and then returns to the absorber.

[0022] Working mode of the cooling cycle loop of the absorption heat pump system:

[0023] Open the first globe valve and close the second globe valve. The chilled water exchanges heat with the refrigerant inside the evaporator, and after the temperature is reduced, it is sent to the user to supply cooling capacity. After absorbing the heat of the user, it is pumped by the second pump, passes through the first globe valve, and returns to the evaporator to form a continuous cooling cycle.

[0024] Supplementary heating working mode of the absorption heat pump system:

[0025] Close the first globe valve, open the second globe valve, and start the third pump. At this time, the supplementary heating circulation loop and the heating circulation loop of the absorption heat pump system work.

[0026] The working process of the supplementary heating circulation loop is as follows: The low-temperature circulated supply hot water coming out of the user first passes through the absorber, absorbs the heat released when the lithium bromide concentrated solution combines with water vapor, and then passes through the condenser to absorb the heat generated by the condensation and heat release of the refrigerant, and finally becomes the high-temperature circulated supply hot water. These high-temperature hot waters are pumped to the user by the third pump to realize the supplementary heat transfer, and after absorbing the cooling capacity of the user, they return to the absorber to form a continuous cycle.

[0027] The working process of the heating circulation loop is as follows: The heat source water coming out of the heat storage water tank is branched by the three-way valve 1. One part serves as the low-temperature heat source and enters the evaporator through the second globe valve. After sufficient heat exchange, it flows back to the three-way valve 2. Thus, a part of the heat of the heat storage water tank enters the evaporator as the heat source, increasing the heat absorption of the evaporator. Further, the heat dissipation of the condenser increases, thereby improving the efficiency of the supplementary heating circulation loop.

[0028] In addition, the other part of the heat source water coming out of the heat storage water tank after being branched by the three-way valve 1 serves as the driving heat source of the generator, heats the lithium bromide dilute solution in the middle through the heat exchanger 2 in a countercurrent manner, and then enters the three-way valve 2, converges with the other part of the heat source water, and enters the heat storage water tank.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a control method for a hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply, which is used to control the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply system, and includes the following steps:

[0030] Monitor the temperature of the heat storage water tank in real time. When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank is lower than the first set temperature, it is determined that the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell cannot meet the direct heating condition, and at the same time, monitor whether the illumination of the illuminance sensor is greater than the first threshold: If the illumination of the illuminance sensor is greater than the first threshold, start the solar collector to assist in heating the heat storage water tank; if the illumination of the illuminance sensor is not greater than the first threshold, use the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell to heat the heat storage water tank;

[0031] When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank is higher than the first set temperature and lower than the second set temperature, the heat source water in the heat storage water tank heated by the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can be directly supplied for heating. The heating port of the heat storage water tank is opened to directly supply heat to users. At the same time, it is monitored whether the illumination of the illumination sensor is greater than the second threshold: If the illumination of the illumination sensor is greater than the second threshold, the solar collector is started to assist in heating the heat storage water tank. If the illumination of the illumination sensor is not greater than the second threshold, the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell is used to heat the heat storage water tank;

[0032] When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank is higher than the second set temperature and lower than the third set temperature, it is judged that the heat source water in the heat storage water tank heated by the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can be directly supplied for heating and can drive the absorption heat pump system to operate. The heating port of the heat storage water tank is opened to directly supply heat to users. At the same time, the absorption heat pump system is started to enter the cooling working mode or the supplementary heating working mode;

[0033] When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank is higher than the third set temperature, it is judged that the temperature of the heat storage water tank has exceeded the optimum working temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the makeup water valve is opened to supplement cold water to the heat storage water tank.

[0034] The first threshold is 500 W / m 2 and the second threshold is 700 W / m 2 . The first set temperature is 45°C, the second set temperature is 70°C, and the third set temperature is 80°C. When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank is higher than the second set temperature and lower than the third set temperature:

[0035] The specific steps for the absorption heat pump system to enter the cooling working mode include: opening the stop valve 1, closing the stop valve 2, and supplying cooling to the user's cooling terminal through the cooling circulation loop;

[0036] The specific steps for the absorption heat pump system to enter the supplementary heating working mode include: closing the stop valve 1, opening the stop valve 2, and supplying heat to the user's heating terminal through the supplementary heating circulation loop;

[0037] The stop valve 1 is arranged on the return water pipe of the cooling circulation loop formed by connecting the evaporator and the user's cooling terminal; the stop valve 2 is arranged on the heating circulation loop formed by connecting the water pump 1, the evaporator, and the heat storage water tank in sequence and is located between the evaporator and the water pump 1.

[0038] The combined cooling, heat and power supply system of the present invention is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through the heat storage water tank and is set as a makeup water tank for supplying water to the storage water tank to cool the hydrogen fuel cell, realizing heat management of the hydrogen fuel cell and improving the safety and stability of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0039] In addition, taking advantage of the fact that a solar collector can provide stable heat when there is sufficient sunlight, a hydrogen fuel cell is coupled with the solar collector, and a waste heat-driven absorption heat pump system is used to generate cooling and heating to meet the user's cooling and heating demands, achieving efficient multi-level utilization of energy.

[0040] The control method of the present invention controls and adjusts the above-mentioned combined cooling, heating and power supply system by detecting the temperature of the hot water storage tank and the lighting conditions, ensuring the stable operation of the system, and thus realizing the long-term continuous supply of cooling, heating and electricity. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the combined cooling, heating and power supply system driven by a hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a logic diagram of the control method of the combined cooling, heating and power supply driven by a hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy of the present invention;

[0043] 1. Absorber; 2. Solution pump; 3. Heat exchanger II; 4. Heat exchanger I; 5. Generator; 6. Condenser; 7. Throttle valve; 8. Evaporator; 9. User; 10. Water pump II; 11. Shut-off valve I; 12. Water pump III; 13. Hot water storage tank; 14. Water pump I; 15. Three-way valve I; 16. Three-way valve II; 17. Shut-off valve II; 18. Solar collector; 19. Hydrogen fuel cell; 20. Make-up water tank; 21. Inverter; 22. Make-up water valve. Detailed Embodiments

[0044] The following will further elaborate on the technical means adopted to achieve the predetermined invention purpose of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] Embodiment: Refer to Figure 1 As shown, a combined cooling, heating and power supply system driven by a hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy includes a hydrogen fuel cell 19 that supplies power to a user 9 through an inverter 21, and also includes a hot water storage tank 13, a solar collector 18 and an absorption heat pump system.

[0046] The heat storage water tank 13 is electrically connected to the inverter 21, and is connected to the water inlet and outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 to form a cooling circulation loop, and directly supplies heat to the user 9 through the heat supply port, and supplies heat to the absorption heat pump system through the first water pump 14. When the system works, the low-temperature cooling water enters from the water inlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 and absorbs heat inside the hydrogen fuel cell 19 and then rises in temperature. Subsequently, this high-temperature cooling water flows out from the water outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 and enters the heat storage water tank 13 for heat exchange, realizing the cooling of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 and the heating of the heat storage water tank 13. In addition, under direct heat supply throughout the year, when the heat source water in the heat storage water tank 13 reaches the set temperature, it can directly supply heat to the user 9 end. When the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell cannot make the water temperature in the heat storage water tank reach the heat supply condition, the hydrogen fuel cell powers the heat storage water tank through the inverter to electrically heat the heat storage water tank, so that the temperature in the heat storage water tank reaches the heat supply demand of the user or the heat supply demand for the operation of the absorption heat pump system.

[0047] In addition, the hydrogen fuel cell of the present embodiment and the solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power generation system further include a makeup water tank 20. The makeup water tank 20 is connected to the cold water inlet of the heat storage water tank 13 through a makeup water valve 22 for supplementing cold water to the heat storage water tank 13. When the temperature of the water in the heat storage water tank 13 exceeds the optimum operating temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell 19, the makeup water valve 22 can be opened to complete the cooling of the heat storage water tank 13 and ensure the safe and stable operation of the hydrogen fuel cell 19. In addition, as the hot water inside the heat storage water tank 13 is continuously consumed, the amount of makeup water is supplemented by controlling the opening and closing of the makeup water valve 22 to ensure that there is always sufficient water volume in the heat storage water tank 13.

[0048] The solar collector 18 is connected to the heat storage water tank 13 for heating the water in the heat storage water tank 13. It is provided with a light intensity sensor, and the light intensity sensor is used to detect the light intensity and control the operation or stop of the solar collector 18 according to the comparison between the detection result and the preset value. When the temperature in the heat storage water tank 13 is lower than the set value, the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19 cannot achieve direct heat supply. At this time, it is judged whether the solar collector can meet the heating to assist in heating the heat storage water tank 13 according to the light conditions. If not, the heat storage water tank 13 is electrically heated by the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19. If it is satisfied, the water in the heat storage water tank 13 is heated by the solar collector 18.

[0049] The absorption heat pump system includes a generator 5, a condenser 6, a throttle valve 7, an evaporator 8, an absorber 1, a solution pump 2, a first heat exchanger 4 and a second heat exchanger 3;

[0050] The refrigerant outlet of the generator 5 is connected to the condenser 6. The condenser 6 is connected to the evaporator 8 via a throttle valve 7. The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the absorber 1. The cooling supply port of the evaporator 8 is connected to the cooling supply terminal of the user 9 to form a cooling cycle loop. Specifically, the evaporator 8 is sequentially connected to the cooling supply terminal of the user 9, the second water pump 10, and the first stop valve 11 through the cooling supply port to form a cooling cycle loop.

[0051] The absorbent outlet of the absorber 1 is sequentially connected to the absorbent inlet of the generator 5 through the solution pump 2, the first set of ports of the second heat exchanger 3, and the first set of ports of the first heat exchanger 4. The absorbent inlet of the absorber 1 is connected to the absorbent outlet of the generator 5 through the second set of ports of the second heat exchanger 3.

[0052] In addition, the absorber 1 is sequentially connected to the condenser 6 and the heating supply terminal of the user 9 through other ports to form a supplementary heating cycle loop. Specifically, a third water pump 12 is also provided on the supplementary heating cycle loop, which is connected between the condenser 6 and the heating supply terminal of the user 9.

[0053] The hot water storage tank 13 is connected to the second set of ports of the first heat exchanger 4 through the first water pump 14 to form a heating cycle loop for heating the absorbent that enters the generator 5 after passing through the first heat exchanger 4.

[0054] In order to improve the efficiency of the heating cycle loop, the first water pump 14 is sequentially connected to the evaporator 8 and the hot water storage tank 13 through the second stop valve 17 to form a heating cycle loop for improving the efficiency of the supplementary heating cycle loop. Specifically, the evaporator 8 also has a set of heating ports. The inlet end of the heating port is communicated with the first water pump 14 through the second stop valve 17, and the outlet end is communicated with the hot water storage tank 13 to form a heating cycle loop for increasing the heat absorption of the evaporator.

[0055] More specifically, the second stop valve 17 is connected to the first water pump 14 through a first three-way joint 15. The inlet of the first three-way joint 15 is connected to the outlet of the first water pump 14, the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the second stop valve 17, and the second outlet is connected to the inlet of the second set of ports of the first heat exchanger 4. The evaporator 8 is connected to the hot water storage tank 13 through a second three-way joint 16. The outlet of the second three-way joint 16 is connected to the hot water storage tank 13, the first inlet is connected to the outlet of the evaporator 8, and the second inlet is connected to the outlet of the second set of ports of the first heat exchanger 4.

[0056] When the heat source water in the heat storage water tank 13 meets the requirements for driving the absorption heat pump system, the absorption heat pump system starts and operates. The operation process of the absorption heat pump system is as follows: In the generator 5, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant increase. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor enters the condenser 6, where it condenses into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid. After passing through the throttle valve 7 to reduce the pressure, it enters the evaporator 8. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor enters the absorber 1 and mixes with the dilute lithium bromide solution to form a dilute lithium bromide solution. The dilute lithium bromide solution in the absorber 1 successively passes through the solution pump 2, heat exchanger II 3, and heat exchanger I 4 for sufficient heat exchange. After the temperature rises, it enters the generator 5. In the generator 5, the temperature of the dilute lithium bromide solution increases, the aqueous solution evaporates, and the dilute lithium bromide solution becomes a concentrated lithium bromide solution. Then, after heat exchanger II 3 heats the dilute lithium bromide solution in a countercurrent manner, it returns to the absorber 1.

[0057] Cooling cycle loop working mode of the absorption heat pump system:

[0058] Open the stop valve I 11 and close the stop valve II 17. The chilled water exchanges heat with the refrigerant inside the evaporator 8, and after the temperature is reduced, it is sent to the user 9 to deliver cooling capacity. After absorbing the heat of the user 9, it is pumped by the water pump II 10, passes through the stop valve I 11, and returns to the evaporator 8, forming a continuous cooling cycle.

[0059] Supplementary heating working mode of the absorption heat pump system: <##

[0060] Close the stop valve I 11, open the stop valve II 17, and start the water pump III 12. At this time, the supplementary heating cycle loop and the heating cycle loop of the absorption heat pump system work.

[0061] The working process of the supplementary heating cycle loop is as follows: The low-temperature circulating supply hot water coming out from the user 9 first passes through the absorber 1 to absorb the heat released when the concentrated lithium bromide solution combines with water vapor. Subsequently, it passes through the condenser 6 to absorb the heat generated by the condensation and heat release of the refrigerant, and finally becomes high-temperature circulating supply hot water. These high-temperature hot waters are pumped to the user 9 by the water pump III 12 to achieve the delivery of supplementary heat, and after absorbing the cooling capacity of the user 9, they return to the absorber 1, forming a continuous cycle.

[0062] The working process of the heating cycle loop is as follows: The heat source water coming out from the heat storage water tank 13 is split by the tee I 15. A part of it enters the evaporator 8 as a low-temperature heat source through the stop valve II 17, and after sufficient heat exchange, it flows back to the tee II 16. Thus, a part of the heat of the heat storage water tank 13 enters the evaporator 8 as a heat source, increasing the heat absorption capacity of the evaporator 8. Further, the heat dissipation of the condenser 6 increases, thereby improving the efficiency of the supplementary heating cycle loop.

[0063] In addition, another part of the heat source water coming out of the heat storage water tank 13 after being shunted by the three-way valve 15 serves as the driving heat source of the generator 5. After heating the dilute lithium bromide solution in the counter direction through the heat exchanger 2, it enters the three-way valve 16 and converges with another part of the heat source water, then enters the heat storage water tank 13.

[0064] Embodiment: Refer to Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also discloses a control method for a hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply, which is used to control the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply system, and includes the following steps:

[0065] Monitor the temperature of the heat storage water tank 13 in real time. When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank 13 is lower than the first set temperature, it is determined that the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19 cannot meet the direct heating condition. At the same time, monitor whether the illumination of the illumination sensor is greater than the first threshold: If the illumination of the illumination sensor is greater than the first threshold, start the solar collector 18 to assist in heating the heat storage water tank 13. If the illumination of the illumination sensor is not greater than the first threshold, use the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19 to heat the heat storage water tank 13;

[0066] When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank 13 is higher than the first set temperature and lower than the second set temperature, the heat source water in the heat storage water tank 13 heated by the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19 can be directly heated. Open the heating port of the heat storage water tank 13 to directly supply heat to the user 9. At the same time, monitor whether the illumination of the illumination sensor is greater than the second threshold: If the illumination of the illumination sensor is greater than the second threshold, start the solar collector 18 to assist in heating the heat storage water tank 13. If the illumination of the illumination sensor is not greater than the second threshold, use the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19 to heat the heat storage water tank 13;

[0067] When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank 13 is higher than the second set temperature and lower than the third set temperature, it is determined that the heat source water in the heat storage water tank 13 heated by the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19 can be directly heated and can drive the absorption heat pump system to operate. Open the heating port of the heat storage water tank 13 to directly supply heat to the user 9. At the same time, start the absorption heat pump system to enter the cooling operation mode or the supplementary heating operation mode;

[0068] The specific steps for the absorption heat pump system to enter the cooling operation mode include: open the stop valve 11, close the stop valve 17, and supply cooling to the cooling terminal of the user 9 through the cooling circulation loop;

[0069] The specific steps for the absorption heat pump system to enter the supplementary heating operation mode include: close the stop valve 11, open the stop valve 17, and supply heat to the heating terminal of the user 9 through the supplementary heating circulation loop;

[0070] The stop valve 11 is arranged on the return water pipeline of the cooling supply cycle loop formed by connecting the evaporator 8 and the cooling supply terminal of the user 9; the stop valve 17 is arranged on the heating cycle return loop formed by sequentially connecting the first water pump 14, the evaporator 8, and the hot water storage tank 13, and is located between the evaporator 8 and the first water pump 14. When it is monitored that the temperature of the hot water storage tank 13 is higher than the third set temperature, it is determined that the temperature of the hot water storage tank 13 has exceeded the optimum working temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell 19, and the water replenishing valve 22 is opened to supplement cold water to the hot water storage tank 13.

[0071] The above first threshold value and second threshold value can be set as required. In one embodiment, the first threshold value is 500 W / m 2 , and the second threshold value is 700 W / m 2 .

[0072] The above first set temperature, second set temperature, and third set temperature can be set according to the needs of the user 9 and the working temperature of the absorption heat pump system. In one embodiment, the first set temperature is 45 °C, the second set temperature is 70 °C, and the third set temperature is 80 °C.

Claims

1. A control method for a hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply system. The system includes a hydrogen fuel cell (19) that supplies power to a user (9) through an inverter (21), and is characterized in that, The system further includes a hot water storage tank (13), a solar collector (18) and an absorption heat pump system; The hot water storage tank (13) is electrically connected to the inverter (21). The inlet and outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell (19) are connected to form a cooling circulation loop, and heat is supplied to users through the heating port; The absorption heat pump system includes a generator (5). The refrigerant outlet of the generator is connected to the condenser (6). The condenser is connected to the evaporator (8) through a throttle valve (7). The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the absorber (1). Its cooling port is connected to the user cooling terminal to form a cooling circulation loop, and a second pump (10) and a first stop valve (11) are sequentially arranged on the return water pipeline; The absorbent outlet of the absorber (1) is sequentially connected to the absorbent inlet of the generator (5) through a solution pump (2), the first set of ports of the second heat exchanger (3), and the first set of ports of the first heat exchanger (4). The absorbent inlet is connected to the absorbent outlet of the generator (5) through the second set of ports of the second heat exchanger (3), and the other ports are sequentially connected to the condenser (6) and the user heating terminal to form a supplementary heating circulation loop; The hot water storage tank (13) is connected to the second set of ports of the first heat exchanger (4) through a first pump (14) to form a heating circulation loop for heating the absorbent that enters the generator (5) after passing through the first heat exchanger (4); The first pump (14) is sequentially connected to the evaporator (8) and the hot water storage tank (13) through a second stop valve (17) to form a heating circulation loop, so that a part of the heat source water from the hot water storage tank is used as a low-temperature heat source to enter the evaporator through the second stop valve, increasing the heat absorption of the evaporator, promoting the increase of the heat dissipation of the condenser, and improving the efficiency of the supplementary heating circulation loop; The solar collector (18) is connected to the hot water storage tank (13), and is provided with a light intensity sensor; A make-up water tank (20) is connected to the cold water inlet of the hot water storage tank (13) through a make-up water valve (22); The control method includes the following steps: The temperature of the hot water storage tank (13) is monitored in real time. When it is monitored that the temperature of the hot water storage tank (13) is lower than the first set temperature, it is determined that the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell (19) cannot meet the direct heating condition. At the same time, it is monitored whether the light of the light intensity sensor is greater than the first threshold: if the light of the light intensity sensor is greater than the first threshold, the solar collector (18) is started to assist in heating the hot water storage tank (13); if the light of the light intensity sensor is not greater than the first threshold, the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell (19) is used to heat the hot water storage tank (13); When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank (13) is higher than the first set temperature and lower than the second set temperature, the heat source water in the heat storage water tank (13) heated by the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell (19) can be directly used for heating. The heating port of the heat storage water tank (13) is opened to directly supply heat to the user (9). At the same time, it is monitored whether the illumination of the illuminance sensor is greater than the second threshold: if the illumination of the illuminance sensor is greater than the second threshold, the solar collector (18) is started to assist in heating the heat storage water tank (13); if the illumination of the illuminance sensor is not greater than the second threshold, the heat storage water tank (13) is heated by the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell (19). When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank (13) is higher than the second set temperature and lower than the third set temperature, it is determined that the heat source water in the heat storage water tank (13) heated by the waste heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell (19) can be directly used for heating and can drive the absorption heat pump system to operate. The heating port of the heat storage water tank (13) is opened to directly supply heat to the user (9). At the same time, the absorption heat pump system is started to enter the cooling operation mode or the supplementary heating operation mode: If it enters the cooling operation mode, the cut-off valve I (11) is opened and the cut-off valve II (17) is closed to supply cold to the cold supply terminal of the user (9) through the cold supply circulation loop. If it enters the supplementary heating operation mode, the cut-off valve I (11) is closed and the cut-off valve II (17) is opened. The low-temperature circulating supply hot water coming out of the user first passes through the absorber to absorb the heat released when the lithium bromide concentrated solution combines with water vapor, and then passes through the condenser to absorb the heat generated by the condensation heat release of the refrigerant, and finally becomes the high-temperature circulating supply hot water. When it is monitored that the temperature of the heat storage water tank (13) is higher than the third set temperature, it is determined that the temperature of the heat storage water tank (13) has exceeded the optimum operating temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell (19), and the water replenishing valve (22) is opened to supplement cold water to the heat storage water tank (13).

2. The absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply system driven by a hydrogen fuel cell and solar energy according to claim 1, wherein A water pump III (12) is also provided on the supplementary heating circulation loop, which is connected between the condenser (6) and the heating terminal of the user (9).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that The cut-off valve II (17) is connected to the water pump I (14) through a tee I (15). The inlet of the tee I (15) is connected to the outlet of the water pump I (14), the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the cut-off valve II (17), and the second outlet is connected to the inlet of the second group of ports of the heat exchanger I (4). The evaporator (8) is connected to the heat storage water tank (13) through a tee II (16). The outlet of the tee II (16) is connected to the heat storage water tank (13), the first inlet is connected to the outlet of the evaporator (8), and the second inlet is connected to the outlet of the second group of ports of the heat exchanger I (4).

4. The control method of the hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply according to claim 1, wherein The first threshold is 500 W / m 2 , and the second threshold is 700 W / m 2 .

5. The control method of the hydrogen fuel cell and solar-driven absorption-type combined cooling, heating and power supply according to claim 1, wherein The first set temperature is 45 °C, the second set temperature is 70 °C, and the third set temperature is 80 °C.

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