Shell and tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and discloses a shell and tube heat exchanger which comprises a heat exchanger body. The heat exchanger body comprises a cylindrical shell, a pipe bundle, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe, the pipe bundle is arranged in the cylindrical shell in the axis direction of the cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell is connected between the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe. And the tube bundle is sleeved with a gas shunting assembly for shunting gas. Hot air entering the air distribution assembly is evenly dispersed into the flexible dispersion assembly through the air distribution assembly, the hot air enters and exits the flexible dispersion assembly in a reciprocating mode in the cylindrical shell, the flexible dispersion assembly in the unfolded posture limits the hot air to move in the continuous dispersion and gathering flow direction, and then the hot air is exhausted through the exhaust pipe. The traditional mode that hot air advances in a curve flow channel mode by arranging baffle plates is changed, the hot air enters and exits the flexible dispersion assembly in a reciprocating mode and is continuously dispersed, the gathering flow direction can prolong the contact time of the hot air and the pipe bundle, and therefore the heat exchange effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a shell and tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] Shell and tube heat exchanger, also known as shell and tube heat exchanger, is a wall heat exchanger that uses the wall of the tube bundle enclosed in the shell as the heat transfer surface. Shell and tube heat exchanger consists of shell, heat transfer tube bundle, tube sheet, baffle and tube box. The shell is mostly cylindrical with tube bundle inside. Both ends of the tube bundle are fixed on the tube sheet. The two hot and cold fluids for heat exchange, one flows in the tube, called tube-side fluid, and the other flows outside the tube, called shell-side fluid. In order to improve the heat transfer coefficient of the fluid outside the tube, several The baffles are arranged in an offset manner up and down to form a curved flow channel. The baffles can increase the shell fluid velocity, forcing the fluid to pass through the tube bundle multiple times in a specified distance, thereby enhancing the turbulence of the fluid (reference is made to a Chinese patent application with publication number CN212362909U, which proposes a shell and tube heat exchanger). In the field of air conditioning applications, when hot air enters the shell, the cold medium flows inside the tube bundle, and the hot air contacts the outer wall of the tube bundle. The cold medium in the tube absorbs the heat in the hot air, thereby realizing heat exchange; When hot air enters the shell, the hot air entering the shell first contacts the front end part of the tube bundle, and absorbs heat from the hot air through the tube bundle at the front end. In some large-scale air-conditioning applications, some heat exchangers with longer strokes are used. Due to the longer stroke of the heat exchanger, the heat absorption effect of the rear end part of the tube bundle gradually decreases. Although baffles are installed in the shell to increase the effective area of ​​the exchange surface by forcing the hot air to flow horizontally through the tube bundle multiple times along the curved flow channel, the setting of the baffles will increase the flow rate of the hot air. The newly entering hot air will push the hot air already in the shell to move forward quickly, resulting in the failure of the tube bundle at the rear end to exert its heat exchange effect, resulting in poor heat exchange effect.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, a shell and tube heat exchanger is proposed in the present application. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a shell and tube heat exchanger, which solves the problem in the related art that the hot air flows quickly in the shell, resulting in the tube bundle at the rear end not having a heat exchange effect, resulting in a poor heat exchange effect.

[0005] A shell and tube heat exchanger proposed by the present invention comprises a heat exchanger body; The heat exchanger body includes a cylindrical shell, a tube bundle, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe. The tube bundle is arranged in the cylindrical shell along its axial direction. The cylindrical shell is connected between the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe. The tube bundle is sleeved with a gas diversion component for diverting the gas, the side of the gas diversion component is matched with a flexible dispersion component for limiting the flow of gas, and the cylindrical shell is provided with a driving member for driving the gas diversion component to move along the tube bundle; The flexible dispersion component has a first position state and a second position state. When the flexible dispersion component is in the first position state, it is in an expanded posture, the gas diversion component is connected to the bottom of the intake pipe, and the flexible dispersion component causes the gas to move in a continuous dispersed and gathered flow direction in the expanded posture; when the flexible dispersion component is in the second position state, the driving member drives the gas diversion component to move along the tube bundle and pushes the flexible dispersion component to switch to a retracted posture to scrape the periphery of the tube bundle.

[0006] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the gas diversion assembly includes a diversion tube, a partition plate, a diversion plate and a diversion hole. The diversion tube is slidably sleeved on the tube bundle, and the diversion tube is driven by a driving member to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle. A cavity is opened in the diversion tube, and the cavity passes through the top and bottom of the diversion tube. A vertically arranged partition plate is installed in the diversion tube. There is a gap between the bottom of the partition plate and the bottom of the diversion tube. The partition plate divides the cavity into an intake chamber and an exhaust chamber that are interconnected. The inner wall of one side of the diverter tube is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged and inclined diverter plates, the lengths of the plurality of diverter plates are increased from bottom to top, the plurality of diverter plates divide the exhaust chamber into a plurality of exhaust areas, the sizes of the plurality of exhaust areas are increased from bottom to top, the plurality of exhaust areas are provided with diverter holes opened on one side of the diverter tube, the aperture sizes of the diverter holes of the plurality of exhaust areas are increased from bottom to top, and the flexible dispersion component is connected to one side of the diverter tube and communicated with the diverter holes.

[0007] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the flexible dispersion component includes a conical filter cloth and an air passing piece, and a plurality of the conical filter cloths are connected to the air passing piece in pairs, and the plurality of the conical filter cloths and the air passing pieces are slidably sleeved on the tube bundle, a conical filter cloth close to one side of the diverter tube is connected to it, and a conical filter cloth on one side is connected to the diverter hole, and a first air passing hole densely arranged is opened on the outer periphery of the conical filter cloth, and another conical filter cloth away from the side of the diverter tube is connected to the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the air passage member includes an air passage disk and second air passage holes, and a plurality of the conical filter cloths are connected to air passage disks in pairs, and the air passage disk has two symmetrically arranged air passage areas along its center, and the two air passage areas of the air passage disk are provided with second air passage holes that are connected and densely arranged.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the heat exchanger body further includes a first flow tube and a second flow tube, the first flow tube is installed at one end of the cylindrical shell, and the second flow tube is installed at the other end, a transversely arranged fixing plate is installed in the middle of the first flow tube, and the fixing plate divides the first flow tube into an independently arranged liquid inlet chamber and a liquid discharge chamber, the bottom of the first flow tube is connected to a liquid inlet pipe communicating with the liquid inlet chamber, and the top of the first flow tube is connected to a liquid discharge pipe communicating with the liquid discharge chamber; The tube bundle includes a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube. A plurality of first heat exchange tubes and a plurality of second heat exchange tubes are arranged transversely from bottom to top in the cylindrical shell. Both ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes and the second heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the first flow tube and the second flow tube. Both ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the liquid inlet chamber and the second flow tube. Both ends of the plurality of second heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the liquid discharge chamber and the second flow tube.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a buffer assembly is installed on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell, which is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube, and the end of the buffer assembly extends into the second flow tube and faces the first heat exchange tube. The buffer assembly is used to buffer the flexible dispersion assembly when it is folded.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the buffer assembly includes a fixed disk, a buffer, a connecting rod and a buffer spoiler. The inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell is equipped with a fixed disk sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube. The side of the fixed disk close to the flexible dispersion assembly is equipped with a buffer slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube. The side of the buffer is equipped with a connecting rod that slides through the fixed disk and the second flow tube and extends into them. The end of the connecting rod is equipped with a buffer spoiler placed in the second flow tube and facing the first heat exchange tube.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the buffer member includes a spring and a top plate, and a plurality of circumferentially arranged springs are installed on one side of the fixed plate close to the flexible dispersion component. The top plate is installed on the ends of the plurality of springs and is slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube. One end of the connecting rod away from the buffer spoiler is connected to the top plate, and the other end of the conical filter cloth is connected to the top plate.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the buffer spoiler includes a buffer plate, axial flow blades and guide holes. The end of the connecting rod is equipped with a buffer plate located in the second flow tube and facing the first heat exchange tube. The side of the buffer plate away from the connecting rod is rotatably connected with an axial flow blade. The buffer plate is provided with a plurality of guide holes that are through and located at the upper position thereof, and the plurality of guide holes are arranged in an arc shape at intervals on the buffer plate.

[0014] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the driving member includes a cylinder, and the cylinder is installed at one end of the first flow cylinder away from the cylindrical shell, and the driving end of the cylinder is connected to the diverter cylinder; The bottom of the cylindrical shell is inclined toward the exhaust pipe from both ends thereof.

[0015] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: When the flexible dispersion component is in the expanded posture, the gas diversion component is connected with the air inlet pipe, and the hot air enters the gas diversion component along the air inlet pipe. The hot air entering therein can be evenly dispersed into the flexible dispersion component through the gas diversion component. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the flexible dispersion component in the cylindrical shell. The hot air is restricted by the flexible dispersion component in the expanded posture to move in a continuous dispersion and convergence direction, and then discharged through the exhaust pipe, which changes the traditional way of advancing the hot air in the form of a curved flow channel by setting a baffle. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the flexible dispersion component in a continuous dispersion and convergence direction, which can prolong the contact time with the tube bundle, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect. This structure prolongs the contact time between the hot air and the tube bundle by changing the hot air flow path, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, and effectively solving the problem of decreasing heat absorption effect of the tube bundle at the rear end of the long-stroke heat exchanger body. When hot air contacts the tube bundle, the cooling medium in the tube bundle absorbs heat and liquid water condenses on the outer wall of the tube bundle. Therefore, when the flexible dispersion component is in a retracted posture, the driving member drives the gas diversion component to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle and pushes the flexible dispersion component to gradually retract. When the flexible dispersion component slides and retracts on the tube bundle, the liquid water formed on the tube bundle can be scraped to prevent the liquid water from forming scale on the surface of the tube bundle, thereby realizing timely cleaning of the liquid water on the surface of the tube bundle. This structure drives the flexible dispersion component to move and retract along the axial direction of the tube bundle through the driving member, thereby realizing the scraping and cleaning of the condensed liquid water on the outer wall of the tube bundle, effectively preventing the formation of scale, keeping the tube bundle clean, and ensuring the subsequent heat exchange effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shell and tube heat exchanger proposed by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a shell and tube heat exchanger proposed by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 A side view of a shell and tube heat exchanger proposed by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible dispersion component of the present invention in a folded posture.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the gas diversion component of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conical filter cloth and the air passing member of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1, heat exchanger body; 11, cylindrical shell; 12, tube bundle; 121, first heat exchange tube; 122, second heat exchange tube; 13, air inlet pipe; 14, exhaust pipe; 15, first flow tube; 151, fixing plate; 152, liquid inlet chamber; 153, liquid discharge chamber; 154, liquid inlet pipe; 155, liquid discharge pipe; 16, second flow tube; 2, gas flow splitter assembly; 21, flow splitter; 22, partition plate; 2 3. Diverter plate; 24. Diverter hole; 3. Flexible dispersion component; 31. Conical filter cloth; 311. First air hole; 32. Air piece; 321. Air plate; 322. Second air hole; 4. Buffer component; 41. Fixed plate; 42. Buffer piece; 421. Spring; 422. Top plate; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Buffer spoiler; 441. Buffer plate; 442. Axial flow blade; 443. Guide hole; 5. Cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-7 As shown, a shell and tube heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger body 1; The heat exchanger body 1 includes a cylindrical shell 11, a tube bundle 12, an air inlet pipe 13 and an exhaust pipe 14. The tube bundle 12 is arranged in the cylindrical shell 11 along its axial direction. The cylindrical shell 11 is connected between the air inlet pipe 13 and the exhaust pipe 14. The tube bundle 12 is provided with a gas diversion assembly 2 for diverting the gas, and the side of the gas diversion assembly 2 is provided with a flexible dispersion assembly 3 for restricting the flow of the gas, and the cylindrical shell 11 is provided with a driving member for driving the gas diversion assembly 2 to move along the tube bundle 12; The flexible dispersion component 3 has a first position state and a second position state. When the flexible dispersion component 3 is in the first position state, it is in an expanded posture, the gas diversion component 2 is connected to the bottom of the intake pipe 13, and the flexible dispersion component 3 causes the gas to move in a continuous dispersed and gathered flow direction in the expanded posture; when the flexible dispersion component 3 is in the second position state, the driving member drives the gas diversion component 2 to move along the tube bundle 12 and pushes the flexible dispersion component 3 to switch to a retracted posture to scrape the periphery of the tube bundle 12.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the gas flow dividing assembly 2 includes a flow dividing cylinder 21, a partition plate 22, a flow dividing plate 23 and a flow dividing hole 24. The flow dividing cylinder 21 is slidably sleeved on the tube bundle 12, and the flow dividing cylinder 21 is driven by a driving member to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle 12. A cavity is opened in the flow dividing cylinder 21, and the cavity passes through the top and bottom of the flow dividing cylinder 21. A vertically arranged partition plate 22 is installed in the flow dividing cylinder 21. There is a gap between the bottom of the partition plate 22 and the bottom of the flow dividing cylinder 21. The partition plate 22 divides the cavity into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber that are interconnected. An air chamber, an inner wall of one side of the diverter tube 21 is installed with a plurality of vertically arranged and inclined diverter plates 23, the lengths of the plurality of diverter plates 23 increase successively from bottom to top, the plurality of diverter plates 23 divide the exhaust chamber into a plurality of exhaust areas, the sizes of the plurality of exhaust areas increase successively from bottom to top, and the plurality of exhaust areas are all provided with diverter holes 24 opened on one side of the diverter tube 21, the aperture sizes of the diverter holes 24 of the plurality of exhaust areas increase successively from bottom to top, and the flexible dispersion component 3 is connected to one side of the diverter tube 21 and is connected to the diverter hole 24.

[0027] It should be noted that: when the flexible dispersion component 3 is in the expanded posture, the gas diversion component 2 is located below the intake pipe 13, and the intake chamber in the diversion tube 21 is connected to the intake pipe 13. The hot air enters the intake chamber in the diversion tube 21 along the intake pipe 13, and flows to the exhaust chamber along the bottom of the partition plate 22. The hot air then enters the corresponding exhaust area and is discharged into the flexible dispersion component 3 along the diversion hole 24 on one side of the diversion tube 21. Since the aperture sizes of the diversion holes 24 in several exhaust areas increase successively from bottom to top, the hot air can be evenly dispersed into the flexible dispersion component 3.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the flexible dispersion component 3 includes a conical filter cloth 31 and an air passing member 32, and the air passing member 32 is connected between each of the plurality of conical filter cloths 31. The plurality of conical filter cloths 31 and the air passing member 32 are slidably sleeved on the tube bundle 12, and a conical filter cloth 31 close to the side of the diverter tube 21 is connected thereto, and a conical filter cloth 31 on one side is communicated with the diverter hole 24. The outer periphery of the conical filter cloth 31 is provided with densely arranged first air passing holes 311, and the other conical filter cloth 31 away from the side of the diverter tube 21 is connected to the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11. The air passing member 32 includes an air passing disk 321 and a second air passing hole 322. The plurality of conical filter cloths 31 are connected to the air passing disk 321 in pairs, and the air passing disk 321 has two symmetrically arranged air passing areas along its center, and the two air passing areas of the air passing disk 321 are provided with through and densely arranged second air passing holes 322.

[0029] It should be noted that when the hot air enters the cylindrical shell 11 and contacts the front end of the tube bundle 12, the newly entered hot air will push the hot air already in the cylindrical shell 11 to move forward, which makes the front end tube bundle 12 continuously in a high heat absorption state. A large amount of condensed water will be generated on the surface of the tube bundle 12 in a high heat absorption state. If the time is too long, scale will be formed on the tube bundle 12, resulting in a decrease in the heat exchange effect. When cleaning it, the tube bundle 12 needs to be disassembled, which is troublesome. Therefore, a structure is designed to evenly distribute the hot air between the tube bundles 12, increase the contact time between the hot air and the tube bundle 12, and clean the condensed water formed on the tube bundle 12 to prevent scale from forming and reduce the heat exchange effect. The specific solution is as follows: A: After the hot air is discharged into the conical filter cloth 31 along the diversion hole 24, it can be dispersed through the first air holes 311 opened on the outer periphery of the conical filter cloth 31 to contact the tube bundle 12, and then enter the next conical filter cloth 31 along the second air holes 322 opened on the air plate 321, so that the hot air can reciprocate in and out of several conical filter cloths 31, so that the flow direction of the hot air is continuous dispersion and gathering flow. Figure 3 The arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the hot air in the flexible dispersion component 3, and then the hot air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 14, which changes the traditional way of advancing the hot air in the form of a curved flow channel by setting a baffle. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the conical filter cloth 31 to extend the contact time with the tube bundle 12. By changing the hot air flow path, the contact time between the hot air and the tube bundle 12 is extended, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, and effectively solving the problem of decreasing heat absorption effect of the tube bundle 12 at the rear end of the long-stroke heat exchanger body 1.

[0030] B: When condensed water condenses on the tube bundle 12, the drive member can drive the diverter tube 21 to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle 12, and the diverter tube 21 then pushes the flexible dispersion component 3 to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle 12 and gradually close. When the flexible dispersion component 3 slides on the tube bundle 12, the liquid water on its surface can be scraped by the air passing member 32 slidably sleeved on the tube bundle 12, so as to timely clean the liquid water formed on the tube bundle 12, prevent the liquid water from forming scale on the tube bundle 12, and ensure the heat exchange effect of the tube bundle 12.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchanger body 1 also includes a first flow tube 15 and a second flow tube 16. The first flow tube 15 is installed at one end of the cylindrical shell 11, and the second flow tube 16 is installed at the other end. A horizontally arranged fixing plate 151 is installed in the middle of the first flow tube 15, and the fixing plate 151 divides the first flow tube 15 into an independently arranged liquid inlet chamber 152 and a liquid discharge chamber 153. The bottom of the first flow tube 15 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe 154 communicating with the liquid inlet chamber 152, and the top of the first flow tube 15 is connected to a liquid discharge chamber 153. The liquid discharge pipe 155, the tube bundle 12 includes a first heat exchange tube 121 and a second heat exchange tube 122, and a plurality of first heat exchange tubes 121 and a plurality of second heat exchange tubes 122 are arranged transversely from bottom to top in the cylindrical shell 11, and both ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes 121 and the second heat exchange tubes 122 are respectively connected to the first flow tube 15 and the second flow tube 16, and both ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes 121 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet chamber 152 and the second flow tube 16, and both ends of the plurality of second heat exchange tubes 122 are respectively connected to the liquid discharge chamber 153 and the second flow tube 16.

[0032] It should be noted that: during the heat exchange process, the coolant enters the liquid inlet chamber 152 opened in the first flow tube 15 from the liquid inlet pipe 154, and then flows along the first heat exchange tube 121 to the second flow tube 16. The coolant entering the second flow tube 16 enters the second heat exchange tube 122 under the thrust of the subsequent coolant, circulates inside the second heat exchange tube 122, and then flows along the second heat exchange tube 122 to the discharge chamber 153, and is then discharged through the discharge pipe 155.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the driving member includes a cylinder 5 , and the cylinder 5 is installed at one end of the first flow cylinder 15 away from the cylindrical shell 11 , and the driving end of the cylinder 5 is connected to the diverter cylinder 21 .

[0034] It should be noted that the provided cylinder 5 is mainly used to drive the flow dividing tube 21 to slide along the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 .

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the bottom of the cylindrical shell 11 is inclined toward the exhaust pipe 14 from both ends thereof.

[0036] It should be noted that the liquid water condensed on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 can flow to the bottom of the cylindrical shell 11 and flow along its inclined direction toward the exhaust pipe 14 , and then be discharged through the exhaust pipe 14 .

[0037] Embodiment 2 like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, on the basis of the first embodiment, the present invention sets a buffer component 4 on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11, which is used to buffer the flexible dispersion component 3 when it is collapsed, and the end of the buffer component 4 extends into the second flow tube 16 and faces the first heat exchange tube 121, so as to reduce the water hammer effect caused by the instantaneous impact of the water source of the first heat exchange tube 121 entering the second flow tube 16; In this embodiment, a buffer component 4 is installed on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11, which is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, and the end of the buffer component 4 extends into the second flow tube 16 and is opposite to the first heat exchange tube 121. The buffer component 4 is used to buffer the flexible dispersion component 3 when it is folded. The buffer component 4 includes a fixed disk 41, a buffer part 42, a connecting rod 43 and a buffer spoiler 44. A fixed disk 41 is installed on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11, which is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122. A buffer part 42 is installed on the side of the fixed disk 41 close to the flexible dispersion component 3, and a connecting rod 43 is installed on the side of the buffer part 42, which slides through the fixed disk 41 and the second flow tube 16 and extends into them. The end of the connecting rod 43 is installed with a buffer spoiler 44 placed in the second flow tube 16 and opposite to the first heat exchange tube 121.

[0038] In this embodiment, the buffer member 42 includes a spring 421 and a top plate 422. A plurality of circumferentially arranged springs 421 are installed on one side of the fixed plate 41 close to the flexible dispersion component 3. The top plate 422 is installed on the ends of the plurality of springs 421 and is slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122. The end of the connecting rod 43 away from the buffer spoiler 44 is connected to the top plate 422, and the other conical filter cloth 31 is connected to the top plate 422.

[0039] It should be noted that: when the cylinder 5 drives the diverter tube 21 to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle 12, so that the flexible dispersion component 3 is retracted, the flexible dispersion component 3 can be pressed against by the top plate 422. After the top plate 422 is subjected to force, the force is immediately transmitted to the spring 421, so that the spring 421 can be compressed. The force of the flexible dispersion component 3 when it is retracted can be buffered by the spring 421, so as to prevent the flexible dispersion component 3 from being damaged due to excessive force when it is retracted, thereby playing a certain protective role.

[0040] In this embodiment, the buffer spoiler 44 includes a buffer plate 441, an axial flow blade 442 and a guide hole 443. The end of the connecting rod 43 is installed with a buffer plate 441 located in the second flow tube 16 and facing the first heat exchange tube 121. The side of the buffer plate 441 away from the connecting rod 43 is rotatably connected to the axial flow blade 442. The buffer plate 441 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 443 that are through and located at the upper position thereof. The plurality of guide holes 443 are arranged in an arc shape at intervals on the buffer plate 441.

[0041] It should be noted that, when the first heat exchange tube 121 is passed with coolant, the coolant initially entering the second flow tube 16 will produce an instantaneous impact therein to form a water hammer effect. In the long run, the connection between the first heat exchange tube 121, the second heat exchange tube 122 and the second flow tube 16 will become loose. For this reason, a buffer spoiler 44 facing the first heat exchange tube 121 is provided in the second flow tube 16 to buffer the coolant entering the second flow tube 16, as follows: When the coolant enters the second flow tube 16 along the first heat exchange tube 121, the coolant can directly rush to the buffer disk 441. After the buffer disk 441 is subjected to force, the axial flow blades 442 are pulled toward the fixed disk 41 through the connecting rod 43. The spring 421 between the axial flow blades 442 and the fixed disk 41 is compressed, and the elastic action of the spring 421 can be used for buffering, thereby reducing the instantaneous impact of the coolant entering the second flow tube 16. The coolant rushing to the buffer disk 441 can be discharged through the axial flow blades 442 along the guide holes 443 opened thereon. The water flow through the axial flow blades 442 can drive the axial flow blades 442 to rotate. The axial flow blades 442 during the rotation process can play a role in disturbing and dispersing the water flow, further reducing the buffering, and the coolant after the disturbance can enter the second heat exchange tube 122 more smoothly.

[0042] Working principle: During the heat exchange process, the coolant enters the liquid inlet chamber 152 opened in the first flow tube 15 from the liquid inlet pipe 154, then flows along the first heat exchange tube 121 to the second flow tube 16, enters the coolant in the second flow tube 16, enters the second heat exchange tube 122 under the thrust of the subsequent coolant, circulates inside it, then flows along the second heat exchange tube 122 to the liquid discharge chamber 153, and then is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 155. At this time, the hot air enters the air intake chamber in the diverter tube 21 along the air intake pipe 13, flows along the bottom of the partition plate 22 to the exhaust chamber, and the hot air then enters the corresponding exhaust area , and discharged into the conical filter cloth 31 along the diverter hole 24 on one side of the diverter cylinder 21. Since the aperture sizes of the diverter holes 24 in the exhaust areas are increased from bottom to top, the hot air can be evenly dispersed into the conical filter cloth 31. The hot air entering the conical filter cloth 31 can be dispersed through the first air holes 311 opened on the periphery thereof and contact the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, and then enter the next conical filter cloth 31 along the second air holes 322 opened on the air plate 321, so that the hot air can reciprocate in and out of the conical filter cloths 31, so that the flow direction of the hot air is a continuous dispersion and gathering flow direction. Figure 3 The arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the hot air in the flexible dispersion component 3, and then the hot air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 14, which changes the traditional way of advancing the hot air in the form of a curved flow channel by setting a baffle. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the conical filter cloth 31 to extend the contact time between the hot air and the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122. When liquid water condenses on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, the cylinder 5 can drive the splitter cylinder 21 to move along the axis direction of the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, and the splitter cylinder 21 pushes the hot air in and out of the conical filter cloth 31. The moving conical filter cloth 31 and the air passing plate 321 move along the axial direction of the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 and gradually gather together. When the air passing plate 321 slides on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, the liquid water on the surface of the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 can be scraped, so as to timely clean the liquid water formed on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, thereby preventing the liquid water from forming scale on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, and ensuring the heat exchange effect of the tube bundle 12.

[0043] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger body (1), characterized in that: The heat exchanger body (1) comprises a cylindrical shell (11), a tube bundle (12), an air intake pipe (13) and an exhaust pipe (14); the tube bundle (12) is arranged inside the cylindrical shell (11) along its axial direction; the cylindrical shell (11) is connected between the air intake pipe (13) and the exhaust pipe (14); The tube bundle (12) is sleeved with a gas diversion assembly (2) for diverting gas, the side of the gas diversion assembly (2) is matched with a flexible dispersion assembly (3) for restricting gas flow, and the cylindrical shell (11) is provided with a driving member for driving the gas diversion assembly (2) to move along the tube bundle (12); The flexible dispersion component (3) has a first position state and a second position state. When the flexible dispersion component (3) is in the first position state, it is in an expanded posture. The gas flow distribution component (2) is connected to the lower part of the air inlet pipe (13), and the flexible dispersion component (3) causes the gas to flow in a continuous dispersed and gathered direction in the expanded posture. When the flexible dispersion component (3) is in the second position state, the driving member drives the gas flow distribution component (2) to move along the tube bundle (12) and pushes the flexible dispersion component (3) to switch to a retracted posture to scrape the outer periphery of the tube bundle (12).

2. A shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas flow splitting assembly (2) comprises a flow splitting cylinder (21), a partition plate (22), a flow splitting plate (23) and a flow splitting hole (24); the flow splitting cylinder (21) is slidably sleeved on the tube bundle (12), and the flow splitting cylinder (21) is driven by a driving member to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle (12); a cavity is provided in the flow splitting cylinder (21), and the cavity passes through the top and bottom of the flow splitting cylinder (21); a vertically arranged partition plate (22) is installed in the flow splitting cylinder (21), a gap exists between the bottom of the partition plate (22) and the bottom of the flow splitting cylinder (21), and the partition plate (22) divides the cavity into mutually connected air inlet cavities. The plurality of diverter plates (23) are arranged vertically and tilted on one side of the diverter tube (21); the lengths of the plurality of diverter plates (23) are increased from bottom to top; the plurality of diverter plates (23) divide the exhaust chamber into a plurality of exhaust areas; the sizes of the plurality of exhaust areas are increased from bottom to top; the plurality of exhaust areas are each provided with a diverter hole (24) opened on one side of the diverter tube (21); the apertures of the diverter holes (24) in the plurality of exhaust areas are increased from bottom to top; and the flexible dispersion component (3) is connected to one side of the diverter tube (21) and is in communication with the diverter hole (24).

3. A shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible dispersion component (3) comprises a conical filter cloth (31) and an air passing piece (32), and a plurality of the conical filter cloths (31) are connected to the air passing piece (32) in pairs. The plurality of the conical filter cloths (31) and the air passing piece (32) are slidably sleeved on the tube bundle (12), a conical filter cloth (31) close to the side of the flow dividing cylinder (21) is connected to it, and a conical filter cloth (31) on the side is communicated with the flow dividing hole (24), and the outer periphery of the conical filter cloth (31) is provided with densely arranged first air passing holes (311), and another conical filter cloth (31) away from the side of the flow dividing cylinder (21) is connected to the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell (11).

4. A shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air passing member (32) comprises an air passing disk (321) and second air passing holes (322); a plurality of the conical filter cloths (31) are connected to air passing disks (321) in pairs; the air passing disk (321) has two symmetrically arranged air passing areas formed along its center; the two air passing areas of the air passing disk (321) are each provided with second air passing holes (322) that are connected and densely arranged.

5. A shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger body (1) further comprises a first flow tube (15) and a second flow tube (16); the first flow tube (15) is mounted on one end of the cylindrical shell (11), and the second flow tube (16) is mounted on the other end; a transversely arranged fixing plate (151) is mounted in the middle of the first flow tube (15), and the fixing plate (151) divides the first flow tube (15) into independently arranged liquid inlet chambers (152) and liquid discharge chambers (153); a liquid inlet pipe (154) communicating with the liquid inlet chamber (152) is connected to the bottom of the first flow tube (15), and a liquid discharge pipe (155) communicating with the liquid discharge chamber (153) is connected to the top of the first flow tube (15); The tube bundle (12) comprises a first heat exchange tube (121) and a second heat exchange tube (122). A plurality of first heat exchange tubes (121) and a plurality of second heat exchange tubes (122) are arranged transversely from bottom to top in the cylindrical shell (11). Two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (121) and second heat exchange tubes (122) are respectively connected to a first flow tube (15) and a second flow tube (16). Two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (121) are respectively connected to a liquid inlet chamber (152) and a second flow tube (16). Two ends of the plurality of second heat exchange tubes (122) are respectively connected to a liquid discharge chamber (153) and a second flow tube (16).

6. A shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: A buffer component (4) sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122) is installed on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell (11), and the end of the buffer component (4) extends into the second flow tube (16) and faces the first heat exchange tube (121). The buffer component (4) is used to buffer the flexible dispersion component (3) when it is folded.

7. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (4) comprises a fixed disk (41), a buffer component (42), a connecting rod (43) and a buffer spoiler (44); the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell (11) is provided with a fixed disk (41) sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122); the buffer component (42) slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122) is provided on the side of the fixed disk (41) close to the flexible dispersion assembly (3); the connecting rod (43) slidably passes through the fixed disk (41) and the second flow tube (16) and extends into the fixed disk (41) and the second flow tube (16) is provided on the side of the buffer component (42); the buffer spoiler (44) is provided at the end of the connecting rod (43) and is placed in the second flow tube (16) and directly opposite to the first heat exchange tube (121).

8. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buffer component (42) comprises a spring (421) and a top plate (422); a plurality of circumferentially arranged springs (421) are installed on one side of the fixed plate (41) close to the flexible dispersion component (3); the top plate (422) is installed on the ends of the plurality of springs (421) and is slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122); one end of the connecting rod (43) away from the buffer spoiler (44) is connected to the top plate (422); and the other end of the conical filter cloth (31) is connected to the top plate (422).

9. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The buffer spoiler (44) comprises a buffer plate (441), an axial flow blade (442) and a guide hole (443); the end of the connecting rod (43) is provided with a buffer plate (441) which is located in the second flow tube (16) and directly opposite to the first heat exchange tube (121); the side of the buffer plate (441) away from the connecting rod (43) is rotatably connected to the axial flow blade (442); the buffer plate (441) is provided with a plurality of guide holes (443) which are through-through and located at the upper part thereof; the plurality of guide holes (443) are arranged in an arc shape at intervals on the buffer plate (441).

10. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member comprises a cylinder (5), the cylinder (5) being mounted on one end of the first flow cylinder (15) away from the cylindrical shell (11), and the driving end of the cylinder (5) being connected to the flow diversion cylinder (21); The bottom of the cylindrical shell (11) is inclined toward the exhaust pipe (14) from both ends thereof.

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