Plateau railway self-powered information monitoring equipment
By designing self-energized information monitoring equipment on plateau railways and using wind, light and rain energy to capture power supply, the problem of traditional monitoring equipment relying on external power supply is solved, efficient and reliable monitoring is achieved, and the safety of the railway system is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411902367.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
It is inconvenient to monitor plateau railways in extreme environments. Traditional monitoring equipment relies on external power supplies, and existing monitoring methods are difficult to meet the needs of railway transportation safety.
A self-energy information monitoring equipment for plateau railways is designed, using wind, light, rain energy capture power supply devices to capture light, wind and rain energy in high altitude areas for joint power generation, and provide monitoring equipment to achieve independent operation and real-time monitoring.
It has achieved self-sufficiency in energy supply, got rid of the dependence on external power, and can more comprehensively and accurately monitor the environmental parameters of railway lines in high-altitude unmanned areas, improving the safety and reliability of the railway system.
Smart Images
Figure CN119469277A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plateau railway information monitoring, and in particular to a plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device. Background Art
[0002] Plateau railways are usually located in high-altitude uninhabited areas and are usually faced with problems such as extreme climate and unstable power supply. Among the existing traditional monitoring facilities on plateau railways, most of them are mainly based on regular manual inspections, which have disadvantages such as high monitoring costs and discontinuity. In addition, there is a lack of monitoring of the life cycle of infrastructure, which is not conducive to the safety assessment and upgrading of railway infrastructure. The specific deficiencies are manifested in the mismatch between the railway information monitoring system in meteorological monitoring and response, the limited monitoring range of manual inspections and fixed monitoring stations, the untimely data update, and the inflexible response. The timeliness and accuracy of geological disaster warnings and emergency disposal such as earthquakes and landslides are insufficient, especially in areas with complex geological conditions, where natural disasters occur frequently, and the existing monitoring methods are difficult to meet the needs of railway transportation safety. In addition, traditional monitoring equipment usually requires an external power supply, but under these environmental conditions, the power supply may be restricted or interrupted, thus affecting the reliability of the monitoring system. Faced with these challenges, we have developed a self-powered technology that does not rely on external power to power the monitoring equipment, improves the efficiency of plateau railway information monitoring, and meets the unique needs of the plateau railway system under extreme conditions. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-powered information monitoring device for plateau railways. The device is based on self-powered technology, captures the abundant light, wind and rain energy in high altitude areas, and jointly generates electricity to supply power to the monitoring equipment. It can operate independently in the complex environment of the plateau area, monitor the key environment around the plateau railway in real time, and ensure the unique needs of the plateau railway system under extreme conditions.
[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A plateau railway self-power supply information monitoring device, comprising: Railway subgrade monitoring unit, used for real-time monitoring of the stability of the subgrade along the plateau railway; Extreme climate monitoring unit, used to monitor the climate environment around the plateau railway in real time; Plateau frozen soil monitoring unit, used for real-time monitoring of soil freezing and thawing along the plateau railway; The data control center is used to control the data uploaded by the railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit. The data control center is electrically connected to the railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit respectively; The wind, solar and rain energy capture and power supply device is used to capture wind energy, solar energy and rain energy for combined power generation, and to provide power for plateau permafrost monitoring units, extreme climate monitoring units and railway roadbed monitoring units.
[0005] Furthermore, the railway subgrade monitoring unit includes a railway subgrade pressure sensor, a railway subgrade vibration sensor, and a railway subgrade displacement sensor, and the railway subgrade pressure sensor, the railway subgrade vibration sensor, and the railway subgrade displacement sensor are respectively buried in the shoulder subgrade along the plateau railway.
[0006] Furthermore, the extreme climate monitoring unit includes a wind speed and direction sensor, a rainfall vibration sensor, and a lightning detection sensor, and the wind speed and direction sensor, the rainfall vibration sensor, and the lightning detection sensor are respectively arranged in the surrounding areas along the plateau railway.
[0007] Furthermore, the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit includes a moisture sensor, a frozen soil sensor, and a frost heave sensor, and the moisture sensor, the frozen soil sensor, and the frost heave sensor are respectively buried in the shoulder bed along the plateau railway.
[0008] Furthermore, the data control center includes a host computer and a main controller, and the host computer is connected to railway subgrade pressure sensors, railway subgrade vibration sensors, railway subgrade displacement sensors, wind speed and direction sensors, rainfall vibration sensors, lightning detection sensors, moisture sensors, frozen soil sensors, and frost heave sensors through the main controller.
[0009] Furthermore, the wind, light, and rain energy capture and power supply device includes a wind, light, and rain combined power generation mechanism, a wind power generation mechanism, a base box, and a main shaft. The wind, light, and rain combined power generation mechanism is rotatably installed on the upper part of the main shaft, the wind power generation mechanism is installed in the middle of the main shaft, and the lower part of the main shaft is rotatably installed on the base box. A generator, a battery, a rectifier, a wind, light, and rain controller, and a wireless communication module are arranged inside the base box. The rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the lower end of the main shaft through a coupling, the input end of the wind, light, and rain controller is electrically connected to the wind, light, and rain combined power generation mechanism and the generator respectively, the output end is electrically connected to the rectifier, the rectifier is electrically connected to the battery, and the wind, light, and rain controller is also communicatively connected to the main controller through the wireless communication module.
[0010] Furthermore, the wind-light-rain combined power generation mechanism includes an inner shell, a flexible photovoltaic power generation film, and a wind-wind piezoelectric power generation component. The inner shell is installed on the upper part of the main shaft, and the inner shell is a hexagonal prism structure. A number of wind-wind piezoelectric power generation components are evenly arranged on the six side surfaces and the top surface of the inner shell. The flexible photovoltaic power generation film is installed on the outside of the wind-wind piezoelectric power generation component of the array; the wind-wind piezoelectric power generation component includes an outer cylinder, a mass block, a spring, and a piezoelectric strip. The bottom of the outer cylinder is installed on the inner shell, and the mass block is slidably installed in the outer cylinder. The end of the mass block extending into the outer cylinder touches the spring arranged in the outer cylinder, and the end of the mass block extending out of the outer cylinder is connected to the inner side of the flexible photovoltaic power generation film. The piezoelectric strip is arranged at the inner bottom of the outer cylinder, and the raised part of the "J"-shaped piezoelectric strip touches the spring. The flexible photovoltaic power generation film and the piezoelectric strip are electrically connected to the wind-light-rain controller respectively.
[0011] Preferably, the six side surfaces and the top surface of the inner shell all adopt an arc structure, the flexible photovoltaic power generation film located on the top of the inner shell forms a bowl-shaped rain collecting surface, a rain collecting hole is opened at the center of the flexible photovoltaic power generation film, the rain collecting hole is connected to the vortex tube arranged in the inner shell, the lower end of the vortex tube is connected to a rainwater collecting box, the rainwater collecting box is fixed on the bottom surface of the inner shell, a turbine is arranged in the rainwater collecting box, the turbine is installed at the upper end of the main shaft, and a drainage hole is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collecting box.
[0012] Furthermore, the wind power generation mechanism includes an upper component and a lower component, the upper component includes an upper supporting disc and an upper supporting disk, and a plurality of upper wind blades are arranged in a circular array between the upper supporting disc and the upper supporting disk, and the lower component includes a lower supporting disc and a lower supporting disk, and a plurality of lower wind blades are arranged in a circular array between the lower supporting disc and the lower supporting disk.
[0013] Preferably, the wind power generation mechanism adopts a streamlined structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the top end of the upper wind blade to the outer diameter of the bottom end of the lower wind blade is 3:2.
[0014] Preferably, an upper guide plate is arranged above the upper supporting rotating plate, the guide plate is installed on the main shaft, the guide plate is located below the drainage hole, and the top surface of the guide plate adopts a boss structure with a thick middle and thin edges.
[0015] Furthermore, a heat dissipation fan is also provided on the base box.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: The plateau railway self-powered information monitoring equipment of the present invention is equipped with a wind, solar and rain energy capture and power supply device to capture the abundant solar energy and wind energy resources in high-altitude areas and then jointly generate electricity, and power the plateau permafrost monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the railway roadbed monitoring unit, so as to achieve self-sufficiency in energy supply and get rid of dependence on external electricity; at the same time, the railway roadbed monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau permafrost monitoring unit are used to monitor the railway roadbed, extreme climate, and plateau permafrost along the plateau railway, so as to more comprehensively and accurately monitor the environmental parameters unique to the railway lines in the high-altitude uninhabited areas; and through wireless communication technology, the monitoring data can be timely transmitted to the data control center for real-time analysis and storage, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the plateau railway lines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of a plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wind, solar and rain energy capture and power supply device in the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The main cross-sectional view of the wind-light-rain combined power generation mechanism; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Main cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric power generation assembly in moderate wind and rain; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A perspective view of an upper assembly of a wind turbine generator system; Figure 6 for Figure 2 A perspective view of the lower components of the wind power generation mechanism; Figure 7 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of the middle guide plate; Figure 8 for Figure 2 Main cross-sectional view of the midsole box; Figure numerals: 1-wind-light-rain combined power generation mechanism, 101-inner shell, 102-flexible photovoltaic power generation film, 103-wind-rain piezoelectric power generation component, 1031-outer cylinder, 1032-mass block, 1033-spring, 1034-piezoelectric strip, 104-rainwater collecting hole, 105-vortex tube, 106-rainwater collection box, 107-turbine, 108-drainage hole, 2-main shaft, 3-wind power generation mechanism, 301-upper support disc, 302-upper support disc, 303-upper wind blade, 304-lower support disc, 305- Lower support disc, 306-lower wind blades, 4-guide plate, 5-bottom box, 501-cooling fan, 6-generator, 7-battery, 8-rectifier, 9-wind, light and rain controller, 10-wireless communication module, 11-railway subgrade pressure sensor, 12-railway subgrade vibration sensor, 13-railway subgrade displacement sensor, 14-wind speed and direction sensor, 15-rainfall vibration sensor, 16-lightning detection sensor, 17-moisture sensor, 18-frozen soil sensor, 19-frost heave sensor, 20-main controller, 21-host computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme and technical effects of the present invention, the present invention will be clearly and completely described below through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. It should be understood that the embodiments described here are only used to explain a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0019] The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is 1,142 km long and is located in China's high altitude area with an average altitude of 4,000 m and in the perennial frozen soil section. At present, the GSM-R wireless transmission network has fully covered the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and supports GPRS high-speed packet data services. Frost damage to heavy-duty railway subgrades in seasonally frozen soil areas is common. Freeze-thaw cycles are the root cause of subgrade diseases in heavy-duty railways in seasonally frozen areas. In addition, extreme weather such as strong winds, rainfall, haze, and lightning strikes will affect trains running on plateau railways. Therefore, the plateau railway monitoring system is crucial to ensure the safety and efficient operation of plateau railways.
[0020] Example Please refer to the attached Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment provides a plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device, including a railway roadbed monitoring unit, an extreme climate monitoring unit, a plateau frozen soil monitoring unit, a data management and control center, and a wind, solar and rain energy capture and power supply device.
[0021] Specifically, the railway subgrade monitoring unit is used to monitor the stability of the subgrade along the plateau railway in real time. The railway subgrade monitoring unit includes a railway subgrade pressure sensor, a railway subgrade vibration sensor, and a railway subgrade displacement sensor. The railway subgrade pressure sensor, the railway subgrade vibration sensor, and the railway subgrade displacement sensor are respectively buried in the shoulder subgrade along the plateau railway. The railway subgrade pressure sensor is mainly used to measure the pressure borne by the subgrade, and can monitor in real time the dynamic load generated when the train passes. The railway subgrade vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration generated by the subgrade when the train passes. By measuring the frequency, amplitude and other parameters of the vibration, the vibration characteristics of the subgrade can be evaluated, and then it can be determined whether there are potential safety hazards in the subgrade. The railway subgrade displacement sensor is used to monitor the deformation and displacement of the subgrade, and can monitor the deformation (such as sinking or uplift) and displacement (including horizontal and vertical displacement) of the track in real time.
[0022] Specifically, the extreme climate monitoring unit is used to monitor the climate environment around the plateau railway in real time; the extreme climate monitoring unit includes a wind speed and direction sensor, a rainfall vibration sensor, and a lightning detection sensor, which are respectively arranged in the surrounding areas along the plateau railway. The wind speed and direction sensor can continuously measure wind speed, wind volume and wind direction, the rainfall vibration sensor can sense the intensity and time of rainfall in real time, and can use a rainfall vibration sensor whose core part is a piezoelectric material and uses the piezoelectric effect to detect rainfall, and the lightning detection sensor is used to detect and locate lightning activities.
[0023] Specifically, the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit is used to monitor the freezing and thawing conditions of the soil along the plateau railway in real time. The plateau frozen soil monitoring unit includes a moisture sensor, a frozen soil sensor, and a frost heave sensor, which are respectively buried in the shoulder bed along the plateau railway. The moisture sensor is used to detect the moisture content in the soil of the subgrade along the plateau railway. The frozen soil sensor can accurately distinguish the freezing state of the soil and continuously measure the freezing depth and changes of the soil. The frost heave sensor is used to monitor the freezing and thawing conditions of the subgrade soil along the plateau railway.
[0024] Specifically, the data control center is used to control the data uploaded by the railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit, and the data control center is electrically connected to the railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit respectively; the data control center includes a host computer and a main controller, and the host computer is connected to the railway subgrade pressure sensor, the railway subgrade vibration sensor, the railway subgrade displacement sensor, the wind speed and direction sensor, the rainfall vibration sensor, the lightning detection sensor, the moisture sensor, the frozen soil sensor, and the frost heave sensor respectively through the main controller. The present invention can timely monitor the railway subgrade pavement, sudden natural disasters, extreme climate and plateau frozen soil through the railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit.
[0025] Specifically, the wind, light and rain energy capture and power supply device is used to capture wind energy, light energy and rain energy for combined power generation, and to supply power for plateau permafrost monitoring units, extreme climate monitoring units and railway roadbed monitoring units; the wind, light and rain energy capture and power supply device includes a wind, light and rain combined power generation mechanism, a wind power generation mechanism, a base box and a main shaft, the wind, light and rain combined power generation mechanism is rotatably installed on the upper part of the main shaft, the wind power generation mechanism is installed in the middle part of the main shaft, and the lower part of the main shaft is rotatably installed on the base box, a generator, a battery, a rectifier, a wind, light and rain controller and a wireless communication module are arranged inside the base box, the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the lower end of the main shaft through a coupling, the input end of the wind, light and rain controller is electrically connected to the wind, light and rain combined power generation mechanism and the generator respectively, the output end is electrically connected to the rectifier, the rectifier is electrically connected to the battery, and the wind, light and rain controller is also communicatively connected to the main controller through the wireless communication module.
[0026] In this embodiment, the height of the wind, light, and rain combined power generation mechanism is 500mm, the height of the wind power generation mechanism is 1200mm, and the height of the bottom box is 1200mm. In order to adapt to the harsh environment of high altitude areas, weathering steel is selected as the structural material to ensure the wind resistance and durability of the equipment. The thickness of the plate involved in the equipment is 150mm. Electrical components such as generators, batteries, rectifiers, wind, light, and rain controllers, and wireless communication modules are placed in the bottom box to improve the antifreeze ability. The bottom box can be fixed underground with concrete, which helps to improve the seismic resistance of the equipment. The data control center can also remotely monitor the wind, light, and rain energy capture power supply device through the wireless communication network.
[0027] Specifically, the wind-light-rain combined power generation mechanism includes an inner shell, a flexible photovoltaic power generation film, and a wind-wind piezoelectric power generation component. The inner shell is installed on the upper part of the main shaft, and the inner shell is a hexagonal prism structure. A number of wind-wind piezoelectric power generation components are evenly arranged on the six side surfaces and the top surface of the inner shell. The flexible photovoltaic power generation film is installed on the outside of the array's wind-wind piezoelectric power generation components; the wind-wind piezoelectric power generation component includes an outer cylinder, a mass block, a spring, and a piezoelectric strip. The bottom of the outer cylinder is installed on the inner shell, and the mass block is slidably installed in the outer cylinder. One end of the mass block extending into the outer cylinder touches the spring arranged in the outer cylinder, and one end of the mass block extending out of the outer cylinder is connected to the inner side of the flexible photovoltaic power generation film. The piezoelectric strip is arranged at the inner bottom of the outer cylinder, and the raised part of the "J"-shaped piezoelectric strip touches the spring. The flexible photovoltaic power generation film and the piezoelectric strip are electrically connected to the wind-light-rain controller respectively.
[0028] In this embodiment, the flexible photovoltaic power generation film is a semiconductor material made of photosensitive materials. When sunlight irradiates the surface of the flexible photovoltaic power generation film, the photon energy is absorbed by the material, exciting electrons, thereby generating current. The output direct current is stored in the battery after passing through the wind, light and rain controller and the rectifier. The piezoelectric strips in the wind and rain piezoelectric power generation assembly use the piezoelectric principle to generate electricity. The piezoelectric strips are made of piezoelectric ceramic materials. The electric energy generated by the vibration of the piezoelectric strips outputs direct current to the wind, light and rain controller. Under the impact of wind and / or raindrops, the flexible photovoltaic power generation film drives the mass block to slide in the outer cylinder, thereby causing the spring to expand and contract, so that the spring squeezes the piezoelectric strip to vibrate.
[0029] Specifically, the six side surfaces and the top surface of the inner shell all adopt an arc structure, and the flexible photovoltaic power generation film located on the top of the inner shell forms a bowl-shaped rain collecting surface. A rain collecting hole is opened at the center of the flexible photovoltaic power generation film, and the rain collecting hole is connected to a vortex tube arranged in the inner shell. The lower end of the vortex tube is connected to a rainwater collecting box, which is fixed on the bottom surface of the inner shell. A turbine is arranged in the rainwater collecting box, which is installed on the upper end of the main shaft, and a drainage hole is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collecting box.
[0030] In this embodiment, when the rain is heavy, the bowl-shaped rain collecting surface formed by the flexible photovoltaic power generation film on the top of the inner shell collects enough rainwater to impact the rotation of the turbine, and the turbine will drive the main shaft to rotate.
[0031] Specifically, the wind power generation mechanism includes an upper component and a lower component, the upper component includes an upper supporting disc and an upper supporting disk, and a plurality of upper wind blades are arranged in a circular array between the upper supporting disc and the upper supporting disk, and the lower component includes a lower supporting disc and a lower supporting disk, and a plurality of lower wind blades are arranged in a circular array between the lower supporting disc and the lower supporting disk.
[0032] In this embodiment, the wind power generation mechanism adopts a streamlined structure with a large top and a small bottom, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the top end of the upper wind blade to the outer diameter of the bottom end of the lower wind blade is 3:2. The wide inlet area at the top of the wind power generation mechanism is designed to capture wind energy to the maximum extent, and as the wind flows toward the outlet that contracts inside the structure, the wind speed increases, resulting in different wind speeds on the upper and lower sides of the blade, thereby generating a pressure difference of the airflow. This pressure difference causes the blade to generate a forward thrust, so that the wind power generation mechanism drives the main shaft to rotate, and when the main shaft rotates, it drives the rotor of the generator to rotate, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
[0033] Specifically, an upper guide plate is arranged above the upper support rotating plate, the guide plate is installed on the main shaft, the guide plate is located below the drainage hole, and the top surface of the guide plate adopts a boss structure with a thick middle and thin edges. The guide plate guides rainwater flowing out of the rainwater collection box to the outside of the device.
[0034] Specifically, the bottom box is also provided with a heat dissipation fan. When the temperature inside the bottom box is high and needs to be dissipated, the heat dissipation fan can be activated to dissipate heat and cool down.
[0035] In this embodiment, the wind, light and rain energy capture and power supply device can realize the joint power generation after the multi-energy capture of wind, light and rain, and supply power to the plateau permafrost monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit and the railway subgrade monitoring unit, so as to achieve self-sufficiency in energy supply and get rid of the dependence on external electricity. When the electric energy is sufficient, it can even directly supply power to the data control center, and then the data control center supplies power to various sensors through Ethernet. The railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit and the plateau permafrost monitoring unit monitor the railway subgrade, extreme climate and plateau permafrost along the plateau railway, and can more comprehensively and accurately monitor the environmental parameters unique to the railway lines in the high-altitude uninhabited areas.
[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the technical solution and conceptual invention of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device, characterized in that: include: Railway subgrade monitoring unit, used for real-time monitoring of the stability of the subgrade along the plateau railway; Extreme climate monitoring unit, used to monitor the climate environment around the plateau railway in real time; Plateau frozen soil monitoring unit, used for real-time monitoring of soil freezing and thawing along the plateau railway; The data control center is used to control the data uploaded by the railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit. The data control center is electrically connected to the railway subgrade monitoring unit, the extreme climate monitoring unit, and the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit respectively; The wind, solar and rain energy capture and power supply device is used to capture wind energy, solar energy and rain energy for combined power generation, and to provide power for plateau permafrost monitoring units, extreme climate monitoring units and railway roadbed monitoring units.
2. A plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The railway subgrade monitoring unit includes a railway subgrade pressure sensor, a railway subgrade vibration sensor, and a railway subgrade displacement sensor, which are respectively buried in the shoulder subgrade along the plateau railway; the extreme climate monitoring unit includes a wind speed and direction sensor, a rainfall vibration sensor, and a lightning detection sensor, which are respectively arranged in the surrounding areas along the plateau railway; the plateau frozen soil monitoring unit includes a moisture sensor, a frozen soil sensor, and a frost heave sensor, which are respectively buried in the shoulder subgrade along the plateau railway; the data control center includes a host computer and a main controller, and the host computer is connected to the railway subgrade pressure sensor, the railway subgrade vibration sensor, the railway subgrade displacement sensor, the wind speed and direction sensor, the rainfall vibration sensor, the lightning detection sensor, the moisture sensor, the frozen soil sensor, and the frost heave sensor through the main controller.
3. The plateau railway self-power supply information monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wind, light, and rain energy capture and power supply device includes a wind, light, and rain combined power generation mechanism, a wind power generation mechanism, a base box, and a main shaft. The wind, light, and rain combined power generation mechanism is rotatably installed on the upper part of the main shaft, the wind power generation mechanism is installed in the middle part of the main shaft, and the lower part of the main shaft is rotatably installed on the base box. A generator, a battery, a rectifier, a wind, light, and rain controller, and a wireless communication module are arranged inside the base box. The rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the lower end of the main shaft through a coupling, the input end of the wind, light, and rain controller is electrically connected to the wind, light, and rain combined power generation mechanism and the generator respectively, the output end is electrically connected to the rectifier, the rectifier is electrically connected to the battery, and the wind, light, and rain controller is also communicatively connected to the main controller through the wireless communication module.
4. The plateau railway self-power supply information monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The wind-light-rain combined power generation mechanism includes an inner shell, a flexible photovoltaic power generation film, and a wind-wind piezoelectric power generation component. The inner shell is installed on the upper part of the main shaft. The inner shell is a hexagonal prism structure. A number of wind-wind piezoelectric power generation components are evenly arranged on the six side surfaces and the top surface of the inner shell. The flexible photovoltaic power generation film is installed on the outside of the array's wind-wind piezoelectric power generation components; the wind-wind piezoelectric power generation component includes an outer cylinder, a mass block, a spring, and a piezoelectric strip. The bottom of the outer cylinder is installed on the inner shell. The mass block is slidably installed in the outer cylinder. One end of the mass block extending into the outer cylinder touches the spring arranged in the outer cylinder. One end of the mass block extending out of the outer cylinder is connected to the inner side of the flexible photovoltaic power generation film. The piezoelectric strip is arranged at the inner bottom of the outer cylinder. The raised part of the "J"-shaped piezoelectric strip touches the spring. The flexible photovoltaic power generation film and the piezoelectric strip are electrically connected to the wind-light-rain controller respectively.
5. The plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The six side surfaces and the top surface of the inner shell all adopt an arc structure. The flexible photovoltaic power generation film located on the top of the inner shell forms a bowl-shaped rain collecting surface. A rain collecting hole is opened at the center of the flexible photovoltaic power generation film. The rain collecting hole is connected to a vortex tube arranged in the inner shell. The lower end of the vortex tube is connected to a rainwater collecting box. The rainwater collecting box is fixed on the bottom surface of the inner shell. A turbine is arranged in the rainwater collecting box. The turbine is installed on the upper end of the main shaft. A drainage hole is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collecting box.
6. The plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The wind power generation mechanism includes an upper component and a lower component. The upper component includes an upper supporting disc and an upper supporting disk. A plurality of upper wind blades are arranged in a circular array between the upper supporting disc and the upper supporting disk. The lower component includes a lower supporting disc and a lower supporting disk. A plurality of lower wind blades are arranged in a circular array between the lower supporting disc and the lower supporting disk.
7. The plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized by: The wind power generation mechanism adopts a streamlined structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the top end of the upper wind blade to the outer diameter of the bottom end of the lower wind blade is 3:
2.
8. The plateau railway self-power supply information monitoring device according to claim 7 is characterized by: An upper guide plate is arranged above the upper support rotating plate. The guide plate is installed on the main shaft and is located below the drainage hole. The top surface of the guide plate adopts a boss structure with a thick middle and thin edges.
9. The plateau railway self-powered information monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The bottom box is also provided with a heat dissipation fan.