Anchor rod drill bit flexible welding performance detection system and implementation method

Abstract

The invention discloses an anchor rod drill bit flexible welding performance detection system and an implementation method. The anchor rod drill bit flexible welding performance detection system comprises a supporting seat, a positioning plate, a supporting column, an inflation inlet, a stepping motor, a fixing sleeve, a rotating disc, a rotating shaft, a servo motor, a sliding table, an air cylinder, a pressing head, a testing machine base, a vertical sliding seat, a horizontal sliding seat, a control module, a detection module, an algorithm module and a communication module. Through omnibearing linkage control, the detection module detects the achievement condition of the preset angle of the rotating disc, the supporting force of the supporting column, the tightening force of the fixing sleeve on the workpiece and the maximum pressure value applied by the pressing head, and based on real-time feedback data, control parameters are adjusted to be in the preset optimal state; the welding performance of the anchor rod drill bit is automatically detected through precise driving control of a motor and an air cylinder. According to the method, key performance indexes such as the effective welding area of the anchor rod drill bit, the maximum shearing force at the brazing seam, the maximum fatigue shearing force, the shearing strength and the fatigue shearing strength can be obtained, and multi-dimensional evaluation of the welding performance of the anchor rod drill bit is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of drilling equipment technology and industrial control, and relates to a flexible welding performance detection system for an anchor drill bit and an implementation method thereof; and also relates to a PLC control and detection system and an algorithm. Background Art

[0002] Anchor support for coal mine tunnels is one of the most widely used technologies in tunnel support. The tunnel excavation volume and support drilling workload are large, and the consumption of anchor drill bits is also large. Anchor drill bits are suitable for coal-bearing strata, generally soft-medium hard strata (f coefficient ≤ 8). With the increase in the depth of mine mining, the engineering geological conditions are becoming more and more complex. When the coal seam roof is hard rock, the coal seam contains a large amount of gangue, or encounters soft and hard interlayers, the PDC cutting teeth on the anchor drill bit will fail due to chipping and chipping. In the manufacturing process of anchor drill bits, brazing of PDC cutting teeth is a key process. Therefore, how to accurately measure the welding strength of anchor drill bits is particularly important for improving their welding performance. The main difficulties in testing the welding strength of anchor drill bits are as follows: (1) Complexity of size and shape: Anchor drill bits have a small and compact size and a highly irregular shape, which greatly increases the complexity of test preparation; (2) Accuracy of clamping and positioning: Ensuring the stability of the anchor drill bit during the test is the key to obtaining accurate data. Since the test requires the application of a force perpendicular to the brazing seam, and the drill bit must not rotate or move during the entire test cycle, this places high demands on the design of the clamping system. High-precision measurement and positioning technologies, such as micromachining and positioning fixtures, need to be able to firmly lock the drill bit position while avoiding the introduction of additional stress that affects the test results. This clamping structure is a difficult problem that must be overcome during the test. (3) Accurate positioning of the material and contact position of the indenter: Given that the contact area at the brazing seam connection is extremely limited, it is crucial to select a suitable indenter shape and material. The ideal indenter must be able to accurately align and fit closely to the joint between the PDC cutting tooth and the brazing seam, and must strictly avoid direct contact with the diamond layer on the composite sheet to prevent the diamond layer from cracking or damaging, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. In addition, the indenter must have a certain load-bearing capacity to maintain a stable geometric shape under high-intensity loads to ensure the continuity of the test process and the accuracy of the data. (4) Sample loading and unloading and test accuracy control: In order to ensure the standardization and accuracy of the test process, a complete sample loading and unloading process needs to be established. At the same time, it is necessary to combine algorithm modules and data analysis technology to process and evaluate the test data to accurately reflect the shear performance of the anchor drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and implementation method for detecting the flexible welding performance of an anchor drill bit, so as to solve the above-mentioned difficulties faced in the existing anchor drill bit welding performance testing.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above problems:

[0005] A flexible welding performance detection system for an anchor drill bit comprises a support seat, a positioning plate, a support column, an air charging port, a stepping motor, a fixing sleeve, a rotating disk, a rotating shaft, a servo motor, a sliding table, a cylinder, a pressure head, a testing machine base, a vertical sliding seat, a horizontal sliding seat, a control module, a detection module, an algorithm module and a communication module;

[0006] A positioning plate is vertically installed on the support seat, and a detection hole and a rotating shaft mounting groove are provided on the positioning plate; a vertical support column is provided on the support seat in front of the positioning plate, and the support column is arranged close to the detection hole, a pressure head is provided above the support column, and the lower part of the support column is connected to the inflation port through an internal passage of the support seat; a motor mounting plate is provided at the end of the support seat behind the positioning plate and is parallel to the positioning plate, a stepper motor is installed on the motor mounting plate, the rotating shaft is installed between the stepper motor and the rotating shaft mounting groove, and the rotating disk is sleeved on the rotating shaft and can rotate with the rotating shaft; a plurality of fixed sleeves are circumferentially provided on the rotating disk, and the fixed sleeves can rotate with the rotating shaft to be coaxial with the detection hole; the servo motor is located behind the rotating disk and can drive the fixed sleeve to rotate after docking with the fixed sleeve; the servo motor is installed on the slide rail of the support seat through a sliding table below, and the sliding table is connected to the cylinder to drive the servo motor to move forward and backward along the slide rail under the drive of the cylinder; the bottom of the support seat is respectively composed of a testing machine base, a vertical sliding seat and a horizontal sliding seat;

[0007] The control module can control the stepper motor, servo motor, cylinder, inflation and deflation of the air port, vertical sliding seat and horizontal sliding seat; the detection module includes a force sensor, an axis detection sensor, a displacement sensor, and a laser ranging sensor; the algorithm module can be used to calculate the effective welding area, maximum shear force and fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit; the communication module can be used to realize information interaction between devices.

[0008] The present invention also includes the following technical features:

[0009] Specifically, the anchor drill bit comprises a cutting head, a bell-mouth section, a cylindrical positioning section and a tail thread section from top to bottom; there is an axial positioning groove on the tail thread section, the rear of the cutting head is a supporting section, and the edge of the cutting head is a pressure head contact portion; the cutting head is a whole piece type or a half piece type.

[0010] Specifically, threaded holes are provided at the four corners of the support seat to fix the base of the testing machine; a slide rail perpendicular to the positioning plate is provided at the middle and rear part of the support seat, and two grooves are provided at the end of the support seat and are located on both sides of the slide rail to install the motor mounting plate; two countersunk screw holes are provided at the front part of the support seat to fix the positioning plate; a support column mounting hole is also provided on the support seat, and the inflation port on the side wall of the support seat is connected through the internal passage of the support seat to lift or lower the support column by inflation or deflation.

[0011] Specifically, two positioning bosses are provided in the detection hole on the positioning plate to cooperate with the positioning groove; the detection hole is provided with a bell mouth, a cylindrical surface and a positioning plane from front to back along the axial direction to cooperate with the bell mouth section and the cylindrical positioning section of the anchor drill bit; two threaded holes are provided at the bottom of the positioning plate to fix it to the support seat; the rotating shaft mounting groove on the positioning plate is a bearing and retaining ring mounting hole for installing the rotating shaft; the front edge of the top of the positioning plate is chamfered to prevent collision with the pressure head during the test; the positioning plate and the support seat are reinforced with symmetrical reinforcement ribs to prevent deformation when subjected to force, and the axis detection sensor and the displacement sensor are installed on the reinforcement rib.

[0012] Specifically, a flat surface is provided on the top of the support column to contact the anchor drill bit support part to ensure that the anchor drill bit does not move during the test; a boss is provided on the lower part of the support column to enable the support column to float on the support seat after the anchor drill bit is removed after the test is completed; for anchor drill bits of different diameters, the height of the support column will change when the inflation port is inflated, thereby adapting to the testing of anchor drill bits of various diameters.

[0013] Specifically, the fixing sleeve can be tightened with the threaded section at the tail end of the anchor drill bit to fix the anchor drill bit; multiple fixing sleeves have different thread specifications to fix anchor drill bits with different threads; the fixing sleeve is coaxially installed in the sleeve on the rotating disk and the elastic clamping ring on the fixing sleeve cooperates with the elastic clamping ring in the sleeve to prevent the fixing sleeve from axially moving in the sleeve during rotation; the tail end of the fixing sleeve is an inner hexagonal hole, the inner wall of the inner hexagonal hole is provided with two threaded holes and elastic screws are installed in the threaded holes, the servo motor connecting shaft enters the inner hexagonal hole and is clamped with the elastic screw through the groove on the connecting shaft, so that the servo motor drives the fixing sleeve to rotate.

[0014] Specifically, the rotating disk includes a disk body and a plurality of sleeves thereon, the disk body is parallel to and opposite to the positioning plate, the plurality of sleeves correspond to a plurality of fixed sleeves one by one, the bottom of each sleeve on the rotating disk is a hexagonal hole and the hexagonal hole is aligned with the inner hexagonal hole at the rear end of the fixed sleeve so as to facilitate the insertion of the connecting shaft of the servo motor; the rotating shaft passes through the center of the rotating disk and the two are fastened, and a high-precision angle sensor and a coaxiality detection sensor are integrated on the rotating disk;

[0015] Specifically, the pressure head is installed on the testing machine through the hole thereon; the pressure head contacts the pressure head contact part of the anchor drill bit, and a force sensor is integrated on the pressure head, which can monitor and record the pressure changes at the brazing seam in real time; the pressure head is also equipped with a laser ranging sensor for detecting the contact position.

[0016] Specifically, the vertical sliding seat is driven by motor I to move in the vertical direction, and the horizontal sliding seat is driven by motor II to move in the horizontal direction, so as to adjust the position of the pressure head acting on the anchor drill bit.

[0017] The method for implementing the detection by the anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step S1: Install the anchor drill bit into the detection hole on the positioning plate;

[0019] Step S2: The control module sets the moving speed and sample diameter and calculates the effective welding area; the detection module detects the status of each device, and the angle, pressure, and displacement sensors are initialized. Then, the control module starts the cylinder to lift the support column and contact the support part on the anchor drill bit. When the pressure reaches 0.5MPa, the pressure is maintained. At this time, the anchor drill bit does not move axially or circumferentially;

[0020] Step S3: Detecting that the support column has been lifted to a predetermined position, starting the stepper motor, the control module calculates the rotation angle of the rotating disk according to the state of the rotating disk and the thread size of the anchor drill bit, starts the rotating disk to rotate, and the detection module detects whether the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial;

[0021] Step S4: After detecting that the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial, the control module stops the rotating disk, and then starts the cylinder, which drives the sliding table to move, and the servo motor rotates to detect whether the servo motor connecting shaft enters the inner hole of the fixed sleeve;

[0022] Step S5: It is detected that the connecting shaft of the servo motor has entered the inner hole of the fixing sleeve and is clamped; the control module controls the fixing sleeve to tighten the tail thread of the anchor drill bit by applying torque;

[0023] Step S6: The force sensor detects whether the maximum force is greater than 30N. When it reaches 30N, the servo motor and the cylinder stop rotating and moving;

[0024] Step S7: The laser distance measuring sensor on the pressure head detects whether the pre-pressing position is at the predetermined position, and drives the test machine base and the slide seat to move vertically and horizontally through the motor to ensure the accuracy of the pressure head contact position;

[0025] Step S8: The control module controls the moving pressure head to start the shear test, and uses the pressure sensor to detect whether the force value is instantly unloaded to determine whether the welding surface is completely separated;

[0026] Step S9: When the welding surface is completely separated, the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force that the brazing seam can withstand are obtained, and the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit are obtained based on the effective welding area, and the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength are read.

[0027] Step S10: The control module controls the servo motor to reverse and the cylinder to float and unload the thread, and the displacement sensor of the detection module detects whether the distance between the fixed sleeve and the anchor drill bit thread end face is greater than 5 mm;

[0028] Step S11: When it is detected that the distance between the fixing sleeve and the thread is greater than 5 mm, that is, the thread has been completely loosened, the control module controls the servo motor to stop, and the cylinder drives the fixing sleeve back to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk;

[0029] Step S12: Detect that the fixed sleeve has returned to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk, the control module controls the cylinder to continue to move backward, the servo motor connecting shaft and the fixed sleeve are loosened, and the cylinder returns to the initial position;

[0030] Step S13: The displacement sensor detects that the cylinder has returned to the initial position, the control module controls the inflation port to stop inflating, lowers the support column, and detects whether the support column has returned to the initial state;

[0031] Step S14: Check that the support state has returned to the initial state. The test is finished, remove the anchor drill bit sample, and record the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0033] The present invention can realize all-round linkage control. The system integrates angle sensors, force sensors, displacement sensors, laser distance sensors and coaxiality detectors to detect the achievement of the preset angle of the rotating disk, the stable supporting force provided by the support column, the tightening force of the fixing device on the workpiece, and the maximum pressure value applied by the pressure head. Based on these real-time feedback data, the control system intelligently adjusts the control parameters to the preset optimal state. At the same time, the start and stop control of the stepper motor and the servo motor is utilized, and the sliding table is moved forward smoothly and quickly through the precision drive of the cylinder to realize the automatic detection of the welding performance of the anchor drill bit.

[0034] The present invention innovatively introduces static uniform shear force and dynamic adaptive shear force simulation algorithms, and realizes multi-dimensional evaluation of the anchor drill bit welding performance through linkage control strategy. The system can automatically calculate and output key performance indicators such as the effective welding area of ​​the anchor drill bit, the maximum shear force at the brazing seam, the maximum fatigue shear force, the shear strength and the fatigue shear strength, providing a scientific basis for product quality control and optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of anchor drill bit and related parameters (a) whole piece type (b) half piece type;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the support seat of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing sleeve of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is the principle diagram of laser ranging of the indenter;

[0042] Figure 8 This is the control architecture diagram of each module of the detection system;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is the control algorithm module diagram;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a flow chart of the test method for the anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system.

[0045] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0046] 1. Support seat, 2. Positioning plate, 3. Support column, 4. Inflating port, 5. Fixed sleeve, 6. Rotating plate, 7. Rotating axis, 8. Stepper motor, 9. Sliding table, 10. Servo motor, 11. Cylinder, 12. Reinforcement rib, 13. Press head, 14. Test machine base, 15. Vertical sliding seat, 16. Horizontal sliding seat; 101. Slide rail, 102. Countersunk screw hole, 103. Support column mounting hole; 201. Detection hole, 202. Positioning boss, 20 3. Bell mouth, 204. Cylindrical surface, 205. Positioning plane, 206. Rotating shaft mounting groove; 301. Plane, 302. Boss; 501. Hexagonal hole, 502. Elastic screw; 601. Disc body, 602. Sleeve, 603. Hexagonal hole; 100. Anchor drill bit, I. Cutting head, II. Bell mouth section, III. Cylindrical positioning section, IV. Tail thread section, V. Positioning groove, VI. Support section, VII. Press head contact part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention provides a flexible welding performance detection system and implementation method for anchor drill bits. The system is based on PLC detection control, integrates detection, control, communication and algorithm modules, and is intended to comprehensively evaluate the welding quality of anchor drill bits. The core components of the system include a custom-designed support seat, a positioning plate, a support column, a fixed sleeve, a rotating disk, a sliding table, a pressure head, a sliding seat and a computer, and each component works together to accurately simulate the shearing environment. The pressure head needs to apply a positive pressure perpendicular to the brazing seam without deformation, and can provide static shear force and dynamic adaptive shear force. At the same time, a laser ranging sensor is integrated, and the reflection intensity and distance are measured, and the horizontal and vertical movement of the sliding seat are coordinated to ensure that the pressure head acts accurately on the brazing seam connection, and the diamond layer will not be damaged. The above scheme test process realizes all-round linkage control through a programmable logic controller (PLC). The system integrates an angle sensor, a force sensor, a displacement sensor and a coaxiality detector, and respectively detects the achievement of the preset angle of the rotating disk, the stable support force provided by the support column, the tightening force of the fixing device on the workpiece, and the maximum pressure value applied by the pressure head. Based on these real-time feedback data, the control system intelligently adjusts the control parameters to the preset optimal state. At the same time, the start and stop control of the stepper motor and servo motor is used, and the sliding table is moved forward smoothly and quickly through the precision drive of the cylinder to realize the automatic detection of the welding performance of the anchor drill bit.

[0048] The present invention innovatively introduces static uniform shear force and dynamic adaptive shear force simulation algorithms, and realizes multi-dimensional evaluation of the anchor drill bit welding performance through linkage control strategy. The system can automatically calculate and output key performance indicators such as the effective welding area of ​​the anchor drill bit, the maximum shear force at the brazing seam, the maximum fatigue shear force, the shear strength and the fatigue shear strength, providing a scientific basis for product quality control and optimization.

[0049] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides an anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system, including a support seat 1, a positioning plate 2, a support column 3, an inflation port 4, a stepper motor 8, a fixed sleeve 5, a rotating disk 6, a rotating shaft 7, a servo motor 10, a sliding table 9, a cylinder 11, a pressure head 13, a testing machine base 14, a vertical sliding seat 15, a horizontal sliding seat 16, a control module, a detection module, an algorithm module and a communication module.

[0052] A positioning plate 2 is vertically installed on the support seat 1, and a detection hole 201 and a rotating shaft mounting groove 206 are provided on the positioning plate 2; a vertical support column 3 is provided on the support seat 1 in front of the positioning plate 2, and the support column 3 is arranged close to the detection hole 201, a pressure head 13 is provided above the support column 3, and the lower part of the support column 3 is connected to the inflation port 4 through the internal passage of the support seat 1; a motor mounting plate parallel to the positioning plate 2 is provided at the end of the support seat 1 behind the positioning plate 2, a stepper motor 8 is installed on the motor mounting plate, and the rotating shaft 7 is installed between the stepper motor 8 and the rotating shaft mounting groove 206, and the rotating disk 6 is sleeved thereon. On the rotating shaft 7 and can rotate with the rotating shaft 7; a plurality of fixed sleeves 5 are arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating disk 6 and the fixed sleeves 5 can rotate with the rotating shaft 7 to be coaxial with the detection hole 201; the servo motor 10 is located behind the rotating disk 6 and can drive the fixed sleeve 5 to rotate after docking with the fixed sleeve 5; the servo motor 10 is installed on the slide rail 101 of the support seat 1 through the sliding table 9 below, and the sliding table 9 is connected to the cylinder 11 to drive the servo motor 10 to move forward and backward along the slide rail 101 under the drive of the cylinder 11; the bottom of the support seat 1 is the testing machine base 14, the vertical sliding seat 15 and the horizontal sliding seat 16 in sequence.

[0053] The control module can control the stepper motor 8, the servo motor 10, the cylinder 11, the inflation port 4 for inflation and deflation, the vertical sliding seat 15 and the horizontal sliding seat 16; the detection module includes a force sensor, an axis detection sensor, a coaxiality detection sensor, a displacement sensor, and a laser ranging sensor; the algorithm module can be used to calculate the effective welding area, the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force, the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit 100; the communication module can be used to realize information interaction between devices. More specifically, the communication module belongs to the system basic module, which mainly involves providing network communication data receiving and sending functions and communication protocol data compression and decompression functions; the detection module is based on the communication module and adopts a timing (100ms) sampling strategy to obtain the status of each hardware device in real time; the algorithm module provides a PLC control program, which implements hardware operation control programming based on the IEC61131-3 standard; the control module is based on the detection, algorithm and communication modules to control the operation of the equipment and handle exceptions in real time.

[0054] The anchor drill bit 100 comprises, from top to bottom, a cutting head I, a bell-mouth section II, a cylindrical positioning section III and a tail thread section IV; an axial positioning groove V is provided on the tail thread section IV, the rear of the cutting head I is a supporting section VI, and the edge of the cutting head I is a pressure head contact portion VII, i.e., the anchor drill bit brazing seam; the cutting head I is a whole piece type or a half piece type.

[0055] The four corners of the support seat 1 are provided with threaded holes to fix the test machine base 14; the middle and rear part of the support seat 1 is provided with a slide rail 101 perpendicular to the positioning plate 2, and the end of the support seat 1 is provided with two grooves and located on both sides of the slide rail 101 to install the motor mounting plate; the front part of the support seat 1 is provided with two countersunk screw holes 102 to fix the positioning plate 2; the support seat 1 is also provided with a support column mounting hole 103 and is connected to the inflation port 4 on the side wall of the support seat 1 through the internal passage of the support seat 1 to lift or lower the support column 3 by inflation or deflation. Specifically, the sliding table 9 is in the shape of an "I" and is installed in the slide rail 101 of the support seat 1. There are two screw holes on it for fixing the servo motor 10; the lower end of the sliding table 9 is connected to the connecting shaft of the cylinder 11, so that the sliding table 9 can produce axial movement, and cooperate with the servo motor 10 to complete the automatic unscrewing and unscrewing of the anchor drill bit 100.

[0056] Two positioning bosses 202 are provided in the detection hole 201 on the positioning plate 2 to cooperate with the positioning groove V to ensure that the weld of the anchor drill bit 100 is always perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the detection hole 201 is provided with a bell mouth 203, a cylindrical surface 204 and a positioning plane 205 from front to back along the axial direction to cooperate with the bell mouth and cylindrical positioning section III of the anchor drill bit 100; two threaded holes are provided at the bottom of the positioning plate 2 to fix it to the support seat 1; the rotating shaft mounting groove 206 on the positioning plate 2 is a bearing and retaining ring mounting hole for installing the rotating shaft 7; the front edge of the top of the positioning plate 2 is chamfered to prevent collision with the pressure head 13 during the test; the positioning plate 2 and the support seat 1 are reinforced by symmetrical reinforcing ribs 12 to prevent deformation when subjected to force, and the reinforcing ribs 12 are installed with an axis detection sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0057] A flat surface 301 is provided on the top of the support column 3 to contact the support part VI of the anchor drill bit 100 to ensure that the anchor drill bit 100 does not move during the test; a boss 302 is provided on the lower part of the support column 3 to enable the support column 3 to float on the support seat 1 after the anchor drill bit 100 is removed after the test is completed; for anchor drill bits 100 of different diameters, the height of the support column 3 is changed by inflating the inflation port 4, thereby adapting to the testing of anchor drill bits 100 of various diameters.

[0058] The fixing sleeve 5 can be tightened with the threaded section IV at the tail of the anchor drill bit 100 to fix the anchor drill bit 100; the multiple fixing sleeves 5 are respectively of different thread specifications to fix the anchor drill bits 100 of different thread specifications; specifically, in this embodiment, the four fixing sleeves 5 represent four different thread specifications of M14×1.5, M14×2, M16×1.5, and M16×2. The fixing sleeve 5 is coaxially installed in the sleeve 602 on the rotating disk 6, and the elastic clamping ring on the fixing sleeve 5 cooperates with the elastic clamping ring in the sleeve 602 to prevent the fixing sleeve 5 from axially moving in the sleeve 602 during the rotation process; the tail end of the fixing sleeve 5 is an inner hexagonal hole 501, and the inner wall of the inner hexagonal hole 501 is provided with two threaded holes and an elastic screw 502 is installed in the threaded hole, and the connecting shaft of the servo motor 10 enters the inner hexagonal hole 501 and is clamped with the elastic screw 502 through the groove on the connecting shaft, so that the servo motor 10 drives the fixing sleeve 5 to rotate.

[0059] The rotating disk 6 includes a disk body 601 and multiple sleeves 602 thereon. The disk body 601 is parallel to the positioning plate 2, and the multiple sleeves 602 correspond to the multiple fixed sleeves 5 one by one. An elastic collar is provided in the sleeve 602 to cooperate with the elastic collar on the fixed sleeve 5. The bottom of each sleeve 602 on the rotating disk 6 is a hexagonal hole 603, and the hexagonal hole 603 is aligned with the inner hexagonal hole 501 at the rear end of the fixed sleeve 5 to facilitate the insertion of the connecting shaft of the servo motor 10. The rotating shaft 7 passes through the center of the rotating disk 6 and the two are fastened. One end of the rotating shaft 7 is connected to the bearing on the positioning plate 2, and the other end is connected to the stepping motor 8 to realize the rotation of the rotating disk. The rotating disk 6 integrates a high-precision angle sensor and a coaxiality detection sensor. The sample coaxial center algorithm is as follows: Fig. 9 Ensure that it can be rotated to the preset angle accurately, so that the thread of the required specification is accurately aligned to the axial position that coincides with the thread of the anchor drill bit.

[0060] The pressure head 13 is installed on the testing machine through the hole on it; the pressure head 13 contacts the pressure head contact part VII of the anchor drill bit 100, and the hardness of the hammer head reaches HRC50 or above, ensuring that the shape can remain stable when subjected to high-intensity test force, avoiding any deformation affecting the test results; the pressure head 13 is integrated with a force sensor, which can monitor and record the pressure changes at the brazing seam in real time; in order to further improve the test accuracy, the pressure head 13 is also equipped with a laser distance sensor for detecting the contact position between the pressure head 13 and the anchor drill bit brazing seam. The principle of laser distance measurement is as follows Figure 7 :

[0061] Vertical Figure 7 (a) Use the reflection intensity measurement technology to accurately distinguish the difference in reflection intensity between the diamond layer, carbide layer, and anchor drill bit body, measure the distances l1, l2, and l3 of each layer, and drive the motor to move the test machine base in the vertical direction to ensure that the pressure head is in the l2 range.

[0062] Horizontal direction Figure 7 (b) Use distance determination technology to determine whether the indenter has accurately contacted the highest point of the cemented carbide, and measure and record the minimum distance d from the bottom of the indenter to the contact point. min , which is the highest point on the carbide surface. During this measurement process, the motor drives the horizontal slide to move flexibly on the base. The motor controls the vertical and horizontal movement of the slide table to achieve high-precision position adjustment and measurement operations, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the entire test process.

[0063] The vertical sliding seat 15 is driven by the motor I to move in the vertical direction, and the horizontal sliding seat 16 is driven by the motor II to move in the horizontal direction, so as to adjust the position of the pressure head 13 acting on the anchor drill bit 100. The vertical and horizontal sliding seats are provided with slide rails and slots for adjusting the position of the pressure head and the brazing seam, so as to ensure that the pressure head always acts on the brazing seam and does not press the diamond composite layer, thereby damaging the composite layer and affecting the test results.

[0064] Figure 8 It is the control architecture mode of each module, including detection, control, communication and algorithm modules, which are used to obtain and control the status of each hardware device, control the display interface, and read and store data.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for implementing a detection system for detecting the flexible welding performance of an anchor drill bit. Fig. 9 and 10 , including the following steps:

[0067] Step S1: Install the anchor drill bit into the detection hole on the positioning plate along the positioning boss on the positioning plate;

[0068] Step S2: Start the PLC control system, the system is initialized, the control module sets the parameters such as the beam moving speed v and the sample diameter d, and the algorithm module obtains the effective welding area S according to the following given effective welding area calculation method; click the system to start execution, and detect the status of each device through the detection module, and initialize the angle, pressure, displacement and other sensors. Then, through the control module, start the cylinder to lift the support column and contact the support part on the anchor drill bit. When the pressure reaches 0.5MPa, the pressure is maintained. At this time, the anchor drill bit does not move axially or circumferentially;

[0069] Step S3: Detecting that the support column has been lifted to the predetermined position, the stepper motor is started, and the control module calculates the rotation angle of the rotating disk according to the state of the rotating disk and the thread size of the anchor drill bit, and starts the rotating disk to rotate. The detection module uses the coaxial algorithm of the rotating disk and the sample (such as Fig. 9 a) Check whether the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial;

[0070] Step S4: After detecting that the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial, the control module stops the rotating disk, and then starts the cylinder, which drives the sliding table to move, and the servo motor rotates to detect whether the servo motor connecting shaft enters the inner hole of the fixed sleeve;

[0071] Step S5: It is detected that the servo motor connecting shaft has entered the inner hole of the fixing sleeve, and the groove on the servo motor connecting shaft is clamped with the spring screw on the fixing sleeve; the control module controls the fixing sleeve to tighten the tail thread of the anchor drill bit by applying torque;

[0072] Step S6: The force sensor detects whether the maximum force is greater than 30N. When it reaches 30N, the servo motor and the cylinder stop rotating and moving;

[0073] Step S7: The laser distance sensor on the pressure head detects whether the pre-pressure position is Figure 8 The middle l2 region and d min The motor drives the test machine base and slide to move vertically and horizontally to ensure the accuracy of the pressure head contact position;

[0074] Step S8: The control module uses a static uniform shear force and a dynamic adaptive shear force simulation algorithm (such as Fig. 9 b. 9c) Control the moving pressure head to start the shear test, and use the pressure sensor to detect whether the force value is unloaded instantly to determine whether the welding surface is completely separated;

[0075] Step S9: When it is detected that the welding surface is completely separated, the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force that the brazing seam can withstand are obtained, and the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit are obtained based on the effective welding area. At this time, the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength are read through the HMI software.

[0076] Step S10: The control module controls the servo motor to reverse and the cylinder to float and unload the thread, and the displacement sensor of the detection module detects whether the distance between the fixed sleeve and the anchor drill bit thread end face is greater than 5 mm;

[0077] Step S11: When it is detected that the distance between the fixing sleeve and the thread is greater than 5 mm, that is, the thread has been completely loosened, the control module controls the servo motor to stop, and the cylinder drives the fixing sleeve back to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk;

[0078] Step S12: Detect that the fixed sleeve has returned to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk, the control module controls the cylinder to continue to move backward, the groove on the servo motor connecting shaft and the elastic screw on the fixed sleeve are loosened, and the cylinder returns to the initial position;

[0079] Step S13: The displacement sensor detects that the cylinder has returned to the initial position, the control module controls the inflation port to stop inflating, lowers the support column, and detects whether the support column has returned to the initial state;

[0080] Step S14: Check that the support state has returned to the initial state. The test is finished, remove the anchor drill bit sample, and record the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength.

[0081] In the algorithm module, two shear force control test schemes are carried out on the anchor drill bit. One is the static uniform shear force calculation, which obtains the maximum shear force, reflecting the maximum shear stress generated when the brazing seam resists relative displacement under specific conditions. The other is the dynamic adaptive fatigue shear force simulation, which obtains the maximum fatigue shear force, reflecting the phenomenon that the brazing seam gradually degrades and eventually leads to damage after being subjected to alternating loads, that is, the maximum shear stress that the brazing seam can withstand during the fatigue process. Simulate the influence of the micro-motion of the load on the welding performance during the actual drilling process. The control algorithm module is as follows: Fig. 9 (b)(c), the algorithm logic of each solution is as follows:

[0082] (1) Calculation of static uniform shear force

[0083] The maximum shear force is determined by a stable shear rate, and the indenter is controlled to move vertically downward at a constant and precise speed v. During this process, a vertical and uniform positive pressure is applied to the weld area. The measured maximum shear force and the constant speed of the indenter movement satisfy a linear relationship, which can be described by formula (1).

[0084] F y =K·v (1)

[0085] where F y is the maximum shear force, K is the shear stiffness coefficient, and v is the shear rate.

[0086] (2) Dynamic adaptive fatigue shear force simulation

[0087] A step-by-step increasing shear rate strategy is introduced to obtain the maximum fatigue shear force. The pressure head is controlled to press vertically downward at the initial speed v1 until the minimum shear force threshold F1 specified in the standard "Diamond Composite Non-coring Drill Bit: MT / T 786-2011" is reached, and the test is stopped. The shear stiffness coefficient K is calculated by formula (2), which is an important indicator of the material's ability to resist shear deformation.

[0088] F p (t) = K·v(t) (2)

[0089] where F p is the maximum fatigue shear force, K is the shear stiffness coefficient, and v is the shear rate.

[0090] Next, gradually increase the shear rate by increasing Δv each time, and adjust the speed of the indenter accordingly to v2 (v2 = v 1+Δv), and the shear force F2 is obtained. This process is repeated, and each time the shear rate increases (i.e. v3 = v 2+ Δv, and so on), and obtain the corresponding shear force value until the composite sheet and the weld are completely separated. At this time, the shear rate is v n , the shear force is F n This dynamic adaptive method not only reveals the continuous process of shear force changing with rate, but also provides data support for understanding the shear behavior of materials.

[0091] The maximum fatigue shear force on the anchor drill bit is

[0092] The welding strength τ of the anchor drill bit is related to the maximum force F at the brazing seam and the actual welding area. The unbrazed area is not within the calculation range. The welding strength τ is calculated according to formula (3).

[0093]

[0094] τ is the shear strength of the anchor drill bit; F is the maximum positive pressure acting on the anchor drill bit; S is the effective brazing area.

[0095] S is calculated according to different types of anchor drill bits. For a full-piece anchor drill bit, the effective welding surface includes the circular surface S that contacts the PDC cutting teeth. d1 and the arc surface S in contact with the anchor body h1 ,like Figure 2 Therefore, the effective brazing area can be obtained from the following equations (4)-(6).

[0096] S=S d1+ S h1 (4)

[0097] S d1 =πd 2 / 4(5)

[0098]

[0099] Where d is the diameter of the PDC cutting tooth circle; L is the arc length; l is the chord length; b is the side thickness.

[0100] For a half-piece anchor drill bit, the effective welding surface includes the semicircular surface S that contacts the PDC cutting teeth. d2 , the rectangular surface S in contact with the anchor body h2 , smaller blade area S c Therefore, the effective brazing area is obtained by the following equations (7)-(9).

[0101] S=S d2+ S h2 -S c (7)

[0102]

[0103] S h2 =l·b(9)

[0104] Where d is the diameter of the semicircular surface in contact with the PDC cutting teeth; l is the chord length; and b is the side thickness. c Very small and can be ignored in calculations.

[0105] The two shear forces F obtained in the above algorithm module are y and F p , that is, the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force are substituted into F in formula (3) respectively, and the corresponding effective welding area S is matched to obtain the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the whole piece and half piece anchor drill bit.

Claims

1. A flexible welding performance detection system for anchor drill bits, characterized in that: It comprises a support seat (1), a positioning plate (2), a support column (3), an air filling port (4), a stepping motor (8), a fixing sleeve (5), a rotating disk (6), a rotating shaft (7), a servo motor (10), a sliding table (9), a cylinder (11), a pressure head (13), a testing machine base (14), a vertical sliding seat (15), a horizontal sliding seat (16), a control module, a detection module, an algorithm module and a communication module; A positioning plate (2) is vertically mounted on the support seat (1), and a detection hole (201) and a rotating shaft mounting groove (206) are provided on the positioning plate (2); a vertical supporting column (3) is provided on the support seat (1) in front of the positioning plate (2), and the supporting column (3) is arranged close to the detection hole (201), a pressure head (13) is provided above the supporting column (3), and the lower part of the supporting column (3) is connected to the inflation port (4) through an internal passage of the supporting seat (1); a motor mounting plate parallel to the positioning plate (2) is provided at the end of the supporting seat (1) behind the positioning plate (2), a stepping motor (8) is installed on the motor mounting plate, the rotating shaft (7) is installed between the stepping motor (8) and the rotating shaft mounting groove (206), and the rotating disk (6) is sleeved on the rotating disk (6). The rotating disk (6) is provided with a plurality of fixed sleeves (5) on the circumference thereof, and the fixed sleeves (5) can rotate with the rotating shaft (7) to be coaxial with the detection hole (201); the servo motor (10) is located behind the rotating disk (6) and can drive the fixed sleeve (5) to rotate after docking with the fixed sleeve (5); the servo motor (10) is installed on the slide rail (101) of the support seat (1) through the sliding table (9) below, and the sliding table (9) is connected to the cylinder (11) so as to drive the servo motor (10) to move forward and backward along the slide rail (101) under the drive of the cylinder (11); the bottom of the support seat (1) is provided with a test machine base (14), a vertical sliding seat (15) and a horizontal sliding seat (16) in sequence; The control module can control the stepper motor (8), the servo motor (10), the cylinder (11), the inflation port (4) for inflation and deflation, the vertical sliding seat (15) and the horizontal sliding seat (16); the detection module includes a force sensor, an axis detection sensor, a displacement sensor, and a laser ranging sensor; the algorithm module can be used to calculate the effective welding area, maximum shear force and fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit (100); and the communication module can be used to realize information exchange between devices.

2. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor drill bit (100) comprises, from top to bottom, a cutting head (I), a bell mouth section (II), a cylindrical positioning section (III) and a tail thread section (IV); an axial positioning groove (V) is provided on the tail thread section (IV); the rear of the cutting head (I) is a supporting section (VI); the brazing seam at the edge of the cutting head (I) is a pressure head contact section (VII); the cutting head (I) is a whole piece type or a half piece type.

3. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (1) is provided with threaded holes at the four corners for fixing the test machine base (14); a slide rail (101) perpendicular to the positioning plate (2) is provided at the middle and rear part of the support seat (1); two grooves are provided at the end of the support seat (1) and are located on both sides of the slide rail (101) for mounting the motor mounting plate; two countersunk screw holes (102) are provided at the front part of the support seat (1) for fixing the positioning plate (2); a support column mounting hole (103) is also provided on the support seat (1) and is connected to the inflation port (4) on the side wall of the support seat (1) through an internal passage of the support seat (1) so as to lift or lower the support column (3) by inflation or deflation.

4. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two positioning bosses (202) are provided in the detection hole (201) on the positioning plate (2) to cooperate with the positioning groove (V); the detection hole (201) is provided with a bell mouth (203), a cylindrical surface (204) and a positioning plane (205) from front to back along the axial direction to cooperate with the bell mouth and cylindrical positioning section (III) of the anchor drill bit (100); two threaded holes are provided at the bottom of the positioning plate (2) to fix with the support seat (1); the rotating shaft mounting groove (206) on the positioning plate (2) is a bearing and retaining ring mounting hole for mounting the rotating shaft (7); the front edge of the top of the positioning plate (2) is chamfered to prevent collision with the pressure head (13) during the test; the positioning plate (2) and the support seat (1) are reinforced by symmetrical reinforcing ribs (12) to prevent deformation when subjected to force, and the reinforcing ribs (12) are installed with an axis detection sensor and a displacement sensor.

5. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the support column (3) is provided with a plane (301) to contact the support part (VI) of the anchor drill bit (100) to ensure that the anchor drill bit (100) does not move during the test; the lower part of the support column (3) is provided with a boss (302) so that the support column (3) floats on the support seat (1) after the anchor drill bit (100) is removed after the test is completed; for anchor drill bits (100) of different diameters, the height of the support column (3) is changed by inflation of the inflation port (4), thereby adapting to the testing of anchor drill bits (100) of various diameters.

6. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (5) can be tightened with the threaded section (IV) at the rear end of the anchor drill bit (100) to fix the anchor drill bit (100); the plurality of fixing sleeves (5) are respectively of different thread specifications to fix anchor drill bits (100) with different threads; the fixing sleeve (5) is coaxially installed in the sleeve (602) on the rotating disk (6), and the elastic clamping ring on the fixing sleeve (5) cooperates with the elastic clamping ring in the sleeve (602) to prevent the fixing sleeve (5) from axially moving in the sleeve (602) during rotation; the tail end of the fixing sleeve (5) is an inner hexagonal hole (501), the inner wall of the inner hexagonal hole (501) is provided with two threaded holes, and the threaded holes are provided with elastic screws (502); the connecting shaft of the servo motor (10) enters the inner hexagonal hole (501) and is clamped with the elastic screw (502) through the groove on the connecting shaft, so that the servo motor (10) drives the fixing sleeve (5) to rotate.

7. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating disk (6) comprises a disk body (601) and a plurality of sleeves (602) thereon, the disk body (601) is parallel to and opposite to the positioning plate (2), and the plurality of sleeves (602) correspond to the plurality of fixed sleeves (5) one by one; the bottom of each sleeve (602) on the rotating disk (6) is a hexagonal hole (603), and the hexagonal hole (603) is aligned with the inner hexagonal hole (501) at the rear end of the fixed sleeve (5) so as to facilitate the insertion of the connecting shaft of the servo motor (10); the rotating shaft (7) passes through the center of the rotating disk (6) and the two are fastened; a high-precision angle sensor and a coaxiality detection sensor are integrated on the rotating disk (6).

8. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure head (13) is installed on the testing machine through the hole thereon; the pressure head (13) contacts the pressure head contact part (VII) of the anchor drill bit (100); a force sensor is integrated on the pressure head (13) to monitor and record the pressure change at the brazing seam in real time; the pressure head (13) is also equipped with a laser distance sensor for detecting the contact position.

9. The anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical sliding seat (15) is driven by motor I to move in the vertical direction, and the horizontal sliding seat (16) is driven by motor II to move in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the position of the pressure head (13) acting on the anchor drill bit (100).

10. A method for implementing the detection of the anchor drill bit flexible welding performance detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Install the anchor drill bit into the detection hole on the positioning plate; Step S2: The control module sets the moving speed and sample diameter parameters and calculates the effective welding area; the detection module detects the status of each device, and the angle, pressure, and displacement sensors are initialized. Then, the control module starts the cylinder to lift the support column and contact the support part on the anchor drill bit. When the pressure reaches 0.5MPa, the pressure is maintained. At this time, the anchor drill bit does not move axially or circumferentially; Step S3: Detecting that the support column has been lifted to a predetermined position, starting the stepper motor, the control module calculates the rotation angle of the rotating disk according to the state of the rotating disk and the thread size of the anchor drill bit, starts the rotating disk to rotate, and the detection module detects whether the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial; Step S4: After detecting that the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial, the control module stops the rotating disk, and then starts the cylinder, which drives the sliding table to move, and the servo motor rotates to detect whether the servo motor connecting shaft enters the inner hole of the fixed sleeve; Step S5: It is detected that the connecting shaft of the servo motor has entered the inner hole of the fixing sleeve and is clamped; the control module controls the fixing sleeve to tighten the tail thread of the anchor drill bit by applying torque; Step S6: The force sensor detects whether the maximum force is greater than 30N. When it reaches 30N, the servo motor and the cylinder stop rotating and moving; Step S7: The laser distance measuring sensor on the pressure head detects whether the pre-pressing position is at the predetermined position, and drives the test machine base and the slide seat to move vertically and horizontally through the motor to ensure the accuracy of the pressure head contact position; Step S8: The control module controls the moving pressure head to start the shear test, and uses the pressure sensor to detect whether the force value is instantly unloaded to determine whether the welding surface is completely separated; Step S9: Detecting that the welding surface is completely separated, obtaining the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force that the brazing seam can withstand, and obtaining the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit according to the effective welding area, and reading the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength; Step S10: The control module controls the servo motor to reverse and the cylinder to float and unload the thread, and the displacement sensor of the detection module detects whether the distance between the fixed sleeve and the anchor drill bit thread end face is greater than 5 mm; Step S11: When it is detected that the distance between the fixing sleeve and the thread is greater than 5 mm, that is, the thread has been completely loosened, the control module controls the servo motor to stop, and the cylinder drives the fixing sleeve back to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk; Step S12: Detect that the fixed sleeve has returned to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk, the control module controls the cylinder to continue to move backward, the servo motor connecting shaft and the fixed sleeve are loosened, and the cylinder returns to the initial position; Step S13: The displacement sensor detects that the cylinder has returned to the initial position, the control module controls the inflation port to stop inflating, lowers the support column, and detects whether the support column has returned to the initial state; Step S14: Check that the support state has returned to the initial state. The test is finished, remove the anchor drill bit sample, and record the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength.

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