Graphite sealing material friction wear screening test device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a graphite sealing material frictional wear screening test device and method. The device comprises a rotary motion system, a vertical load applying system, a horizontal load applying system, a heating and control system and a frictional wear parameter measuring system which are connected to a test device body, the vertical load applying system enables the test graphite sample to abut against the runway, and provides a radial load for the test graphite sample; the horizontal load applying system is used for abutting a test graphite sample on the sealing seat and providing an axial load for the test graphite sample; the rotary motion system provides power for the rotary motion of the runway; the heating and control system is arranged around the contact part of the test graphite sample and the runway and is used for providing a test environment temperature for the friction-wear test; the frictional wear parameter measuring system is used for acquiring frictional wear parameters in the test; according to the invention, a bidirectional loading mode under the coupling influence of the radial and axial bidirectional loading of the graphite sample is satisfied, the radial jerk values of different runways can be steplessly adjusted, and the dynamic balance precision of a rotary motion system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of friction and wear, and in particular relates to a friction and wear screening test device and method for graphite sealing materials. Background Art

[0002] Contact graphite circumferential seals are widely used in the main seals and auxiliary seals of the main bearing cavity of aircraft engines due to their compact structure, light weight, easy assembly, and high damage safety. As the performance requirements for aircraft engines increase, the sealing devices need to be able to meet the working conditions under higher temperatures and higher loads, and the requirements for the mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties of graphite sealing materials are further improved.

[0003] At present, mature friction and wear characteristics test equipment at home and abroad can realize friction and wear characteristics experiments in point, line and surface contact pairs at higher speeds and a wider range of ambient temperatures, but they are all single load application forms, which cannot meet the needs of research on the influence of friction and wear characteristics of graphite seals under bidirectional loads, and the temperature feedback and control system cannot quantitatively evaluate the influence of friction and working conditions on interface temperature. In addition, the current equipment cannot meet the needs of quantitatively evaluating the influence of runway radial runout on graphite friction and wear characteristics.

[0004] A Chinese patent (publication number: CN 118603800 B) discloses a circumferential seal friction and wear test device, which cannot achieve stepless adjustment of the runway eccentricity and online measurement and adjustment of the dynamic balance of the rotating spindle; the shaft system adopts a cantilever beam support structure, which makes it inconvenient to install and disassemble the bearing seat; and the test graphite sample structure cannot be adjusted. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device and method, which can realize a bidirectional loading mode that satisfies the coupling influence of radial and axial bidirectional loading of the test graphite sample; a dual temperature feedback system that can quantitatively reflect the influence of friction conditions on the temperature near the graphite contact interface; and can steplessly adjust different runway radial runouts to test the friction and wear characteristic response of the graphite material to different runout amounts, and ensure the dynamic balancing accuracy of the rotating motion system; at the same time, the bearing seat can be quickly disassembled and installed; and different test graphite sample structures in a vertical friction and wear test device and a horizontal friction and wear test device are also provided.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device, comprising a rotary motion system I, a vertical load application system II, a horizontal load application system III, a heating and control system IV and a friction and wear parameter measurement system V connected to a test device body 1; according to whether the axis of the rotating main shaft of the rotary motion system I is perpendicular to the ground or parallel to the ground, it is divided into a vertical test device and a horizontal test device, the axis of the rotating main shaft of the vertical test device is perpendicular to the ground, and the axis of the rotating main shaft of the horizontal test device is parallel to the ground; the rotary motion system I provides power for the rotary motion of the runway; for the horizontal test device, the vertical load application system II abuts the test graphite sample against the runway On the vertical test device, the vertical load application system II abuts the test graphite sample against the sealing seat to provide a vertical load for the test graphite sample, and the horizontal load application system III abuts the test graphite sample against the runway to provide a horizontal load for the test graphite sample; for the vertical test device, the vertical load application system II abuts the test graphite sample against the sealing seat to provide a vertical load for the test graphite sample, and the horizontal load application system III abuts the test graphite sample against the runway to provide a horizontal load for the test graphite sample; the heating and control system IV is arranged around the contact point between the test graphite sample and the runway to provide the test environment temperature for the friction and wear test; the friction and wear parameter measurement system V is used to obtain the friction and wear parameters in the test.

[0008] The rotary motion system I includes a high-speed motor, the output end of the high-speed motor is connected to the input end of the torque sensor 4, the output end of the torque sensor 4 is connected to one end of the rotating spindle 7, the shoulder on the rotating spindle 7 is connected to the runout adjustment mechanism 8, and the runout adjustment mechanism 8 is connected to the runway 9; the rotating spindle 7 is installed in a fixed bearing seat and a movable bearing seat 11 through bearings, the movable bearing seat 11 is installed on the bearing seat movable control mechanism, and the fixed bearing seat is connected to a vibration sensor 12.

[0009] The movable bearing seat control mechanism includes a first servo motor 13, the motor shaft of the first servo motor 13 is connected to the first nut 15, and the first nut 15 is connected to the movable bearing seat 11; the first guide sleeve 16 and the second guide sleeve 17 are connected to the two sides of the movable bearing seat 11; the first guide sleeve 16 and the second guide sleeve 17 are connected to the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19, one end of the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19 are respectively connected to the first motor mounting bracket, and the other ends of the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19 are respectively installed on the first guide column base and the second guide column base; the first guide column base and the second guide column base are connected to the test device body 1.

[0010] The runout adjustment mechanism 8 comprises a first circular sliding disk 8-1, a second circular sliding disk 8-2 and a fixed disk 8-3; the fixed disk 8-3 is connected to the shoulder of the rotating main shaft 7, a trapezoidal step is provided on the fixed disk 8-3, a trapezoidal slide groove is provided on the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2, and the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 are radially displaced on the fixed disk 8-3 through the slide groove; the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 are respectively connected to the runway 9 ... The stud 8-4 passes through the through holes on the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the fixed disk 8-3 and is fixed with a nut; the second stud 8-5 passes through the through holes on the second circular sliding disk 8-2 and the fixed disk 8-3 and is fixed with a nut; the first circular sliding disk 8-1 is provided with a first adjusting bolt 8-6, and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 is provided with a second adjusting bolt 8-7, which are used to balance the offset of the center of gravity of the mechanism caused by the adjustment of the runway 9 runaway amount; at the same time, the vibration sensor 12 is used to realize the online real-time monitoring of the dynamic balance of the rotating spindle 7.

[0011] The vertical load application system II includes a lever mounting bracket 22, which is connected to the worktable of the test device body 1. A loading lever 23 is installed on the lever mounting bracket 22 through a pin 24, and a weight 25 is fixed to the middle part of the loading lever 23 through a weight nut 26; the tail of the loading lever 23 is connected to a counterweight block 27, and the end of the loading lever 23 is threadedly connected to a vertical loading member, and a contact member is installed at the lower end of the vertical loading member; the load applied by the vertical load application system II of the horizontal test device is a radial load, and the load applied by the vertical load application system II of the vertical test device is an axial load.

[0012] The horizontal load application system III includes a second servo motor 30, which is mounted on a second motor mounting bracket 31, and the second motor mounting bracket 31 is connected to the test device body 1; the test device body 1 is connected to a guide column support seat 32; the guide column support seat 32 and the second motor mounting bracket 31 are connected to a third guide column 33; the third guide column 33 passes through a pressure plate 34 and a pressure plate 35 respectively; a spring 36 is installed between the pressure plate 34 and the pressure plate 35; the pressure plate 35 is connected to a second nut 37, and the second nut 37 is connected to the second servo motor 30 The motor main shaft is connected through a screw pair; the pressure plate 35, the second motor mounting bracket 31 and the third adjusting bolt 38 are connected, and the third adjusting bolt 38 is manually rotated to push the pressure plate 35 to move, thereby compressing the spring 36 to achieve fine adjustment of the horizontal load; the pressure plate 34 is connected to the force sensor 39, and the force sensor 39 is connected to one end of the horizontal loading rod, and a loading ball 41 is provided at the other end of the horizontal loading rod; the load applied by the horizontal load application system III of the horizontal test device is an axial load, and the load applied by the horizontal load application system III of the vertical test device is a radial load.

[0013] The heating and control system IV includes a first ambient temperature control box 42 and a second ambient temperature control box 45. The first ambient temperature control box 42 is connected to the first slide rail 44 through a first mounting bracket 43, and the first slide rail 44 is connected to the test device body 1; the second ambient temperature control box 45 is connected to the second slide rail 47 through a second mounting bracket 46, and the second slide rail 47 is connected to the test device body 1; the first mounting bracket 43 is connected to the third nut 50, the second mounting bracket 46 is connected to the fourth nut 51, and the third nut 50 and the fourth nut 51 are connected to the positive and negative thread ball screw nut provided on the main shaft of the third servo motor 48 The first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 are automatically opened and closed by means of the third servo motor 48 through the third motor mounting bracket 49; the third servo motor 48 is connected to the test device body 1 through the third motor mounting bracket 49; a hand-cranked wheel 52 is installed on the shaft extending from the tail of the third servo motor 48; an infrared thermometer 53 is installed on the third motor mounting bracket 49 through the fifth nut 54; the third motor mounting bracket 49 is connected to the thermocouple 55; the first environment temperature control box 42 is provided with detection holes for the infrared thermometer 53 and the thermocouple 55; the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 are provided with electromagnetic induction heating coils 57;

[0014] For the horizontal test device, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is fixed inside the coil mounting plate 58, and the coil mounting plate 58 is fixed on the third mounting bracket 59 and the fourth mounting bracket 60, and the third mounting bracket 59 and the fourth mounting bracket 60 are connected to the test device fuselage 1; the coil mounting plate 58 is connected to the first sealing seat 61A, and the first test graphite sample 62A is fixed on the first sealing seat 61A during operation; the installation plane of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is perpendicular to the ground, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is used as the symmetry plane. A reference graphite sample mounting seat 63 is installed at a symmetrical position on the other side of the coil mounting plate 58, and a first reference graphite sample 64A is embedded in the reference graphite sample mounting seat 63. The structure of the first reference graphite sample 64A is completely consistent with that of the first test graphite sample 62A;

[0015] For the vertical test device, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is connected to the first ambient temperature control box 42 and is located in the middle of the vertical vertical loader 28B; the second sealing seat 61B is connected to the sealing seat mounting bracket 75, and the sealing seat mounting bracket 75 is connected to the test device body 1; when working, the second test graphite sample 62B abuts against the second sealing seat 61B through the baffles on both sides of the vertical vertical loader 28B, with the horizontally placed electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 as the symmetry plane, and a second reference graphite sample 64B is embedded in a symmetrical position on the other side of the vertical vertical loader 28B, and the second reference graphite sample 64B has the same structural form as the second test graphite sample 62B.

[0016] The structure of the first test graphite sample 62A is a "T"-shaped piece, with a circular groove 62A-1 abutting against the horizontal contact piece 29A on the top, and an empty groove 62A-2 on the side where the handle contacts the first sealing seat 61A. The circular groove 62A-1 and the empty groove 62A-2 cooperate with the vertical load application system II to prevent the first test graphite sample 62A from deflecting during the test; the abutting surface of the first test graphite sample 62A and the runway 9 is the first main sealing surface 62A-3, and the abutting surface of the first test graphite sample 62A and the first sealing seat 61A is the first auxiliary sealing surface 62A-4; the top surface 62A-5 of the side wing extending from the first test graphite sample 62A is the displacement detection position.

[0017] The second test graphite sample 62B includes a second main sealing surface 62B-1 abutting against the runway 9, and a second auxiliary sealing surface 62B-2 abutting against the second sealing seat 61B; the baffles on both sides of the vertical vertical loader 28B prevent the second test graphite sample 62B from deflecting during the test, and a freely rotating vertical contact piece 29B is installed in the middle of the baffles on both sides of the vertical vertical loader 28B, which abuts against the second test graphite sample 62B during the test; the displacement detection position is on the step surface 62B-3 of the second test graphite sample 62B.

[0018] The friction and wear parameter measurement system V comprises a displacement sensor 65, and a water cooling device 66 is installed around the head of the displacement sensor 65;

[0019] For the horizontal test device, the displacement sensor 65 is installed on the adjustment base 67, the adjustment base 67 is fixed on the mounting arm 68, and the mounting arm 68 is connected to the third motor mounting bracket 49; the water cooling device 66 is connected to the horizontal first support base 69A and the horizontal second support base 70A by bolts, and the horizontal first support base 69A and the horizontal second support base 70A are respectively connected to the third motor mounting bracket 49;

[0020] For the vertical test device, the displacement sensor 65 is connected to the test device body 1 via the mounting base 76; the water cooling device 66 is connected to the test device body 1 via the vertical first support base 69B and the vertical second support base 70B;

[0021] The friction and wear parameter measurement system V can realize online measurement of the wear amount s through the displacement sensor 65, and can collect the friction torque through the torque sensor 4, and obtain the friction coefficient f by converting the friction torque.

[0022] A test method for a graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1, track installation: the movable bearing seat 11 is moved out along the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19 by the first servo motor 13, the track 9 is connected to the runout adjustment mechanism 8, and the movable bearing seat 11 is installed on the rotating spindle 7 by the first servo motor 13 again;

[0024] Step 2, runout adjustment: adjust the first adjusting bolt 8-6 to make the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 move radially on the fixed disk 8-3 through the slide groove, and detect the displacement value through the displacement sensor 65 until the runout meets the test requirements; symmetrically adjust the second adjusting bolt 8-7 to adjust the offset of the center of gravity of the mechanism caused by the offset of the runway 9, so that the center of mass of the entire system still passes through the axis of the rotating spindle 7; tighten the nuts on both sides of the first stud 8-4 and the second stud 8-5 to fix the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2;

[0025] Step 3, start water cooling:

[0026] If the test is conducted at room temperature, it is only necessary to open the water cooling circulation pipe of the high-speed motor;

[0027] If the test is conducted at the specified temperature, the water cooling circulation pipeline of the high-speed motor and the water cooling circulation pipeline of the water cooling device 66 are opened simultaneously;

[0028] Step 4, dynamic balance adjustment of the rotating spindle: start the high-speed motor to make the rotating motion system I idle, use the host computer to read the data of the vibration sensor 12, and if the vibration amplitude is less than 5mm / s in one cycle, it is considered that the adjustment of the runout amount meets the requirements and continue the test;

[0029] Step 5, idling torque acquisition: connect the torque sensor 4 to the host computer, start the high-speed motor, make the rotary motion system I idle, read and record the reading of the torque sensor 4, repeat this step for multiple times, and record the idling torque as the average value M0 of multiple tests;

[0030] Step 6, graphite sample installation: abut the test graphite sample against the runway and the sealing seat;

[0031] If the test is carried out at room temperature, the reference graphite specimen is not installed;

[0032] If the test is carried out at a specified temperature, the reference graphite specimen is mounted at a specified symmetrical position;

[0033] Step 7, horizontal load application: start the second servo motor 30 to drive the pressure plate 35 to compress the spring 36, push the pressure plate 34 to make the loading ball 41 at the end of the horizontal loading rod abut against the test graphite sample, initially apply the horizontal load, then manually adjust the third adjusting bolt 38, observe the reading of the force sensor 39, and fine-tune the size of the horizontal load until the test horizontal load condition is reached;

[0034] Step 8, vertical load application: without adding any weight 25 to the loading lever 23, the weight block 27 is rotated and adjusted to rotate on the screw at the tail of the loading lever 23, and after the loading lever 23 is leveled, the weight 25 is applied, and the weight nut 26 is installed to fix the weight 25;

[0035] Step 9, ambient temperature adjustment: if the test is conducted at room temperature, turn on the infrared thermometer 53 and connect it to the host computer;

[0036] If the test is conducted at a specified temperature, the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 are opened by the third servo motor 48 spindle, and after the thermocouple 55 is abutted against the reference graphite sample, the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 are closed by the third servo motor 48 spindle, and the infrared thermometer 53 is turned on to connect to the host computer; the power of the environment temperature control box is turned on, and heating is started to make the temperature of the environment temperature control box reach the set temperature;

[0037] Step 10, friction and wear test: turn on the displacement sensor 65 and the torque sensor 4 to connect to the host computer to read data, set the test speed and acceleration time, start the high-speed motor, and the rotary motion system drives the runway 9 to rotate. The runway 9 and the test graphite sample are subjected to a friction and wear test; the reading of the displacement sensor 65 is the equivalent wear amount s of the test graphite sample. The conversion relationship between the friction torque M obtained by the torque sensor 4 during the test and the friction coefficient f is: Where F is the radial load size and r is the runway radius;

[0038] Step 11, end of test, unloading: stop the high-speed motor when the test time reaches the pre-designed test time;

[0039] If the test is conducted at room temperature, turn off the infrared thermometer 53, unscrew the weight nut 26, remove all weights 25; move the horizontal loading rod away through the second servo motor 30;

[0040] If the test is conducted at the specified temperature, turn off the infrared thermometer 53, unscrew the weight nut 26, remove all weights 25, and turn off the heating and control system IV, open the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 through the spindle of the third servo motor 48, and move the horizontal loading rod away through the second servo motor 30;

[0041] Step 12, data extraction: unload the test graphite sample and extract the test data in the host computer;

[0042] Step 13, if another set of tests is required, the surface of the runway 9 is cleaned with sandpaper, and then the process proceeds to step 6;

[0043] Step 14, disassembling the runway: using the first servo motor 13 to move the movable bearing seat 11 along the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19 to disassemble the runway 9;

[0044] Step 15: If the runway needs to be changed for testing, proceed to step 1;

[0045] Step 16, stop the test and restore the equipment: turn off the water cooler and the host computer, turn off the main power supply, and store the test graphite sample and runway 9.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. The device of the present invention can adjust the radial offset of the runway 9 by adjusting the relative positions between the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 and the fixed disk 8-3, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the radial runout of the runway 9 and better reflecting the dynamic response characteristics of the runway 9.

[0048] 2. The device of the present invention can detect the unbalance amount of the shaft system after the runout amount is adjusted through the vibration sensor 12, so as to ensure that the dynamic balancing accuracy of the shaft system meets the requirements.

[0049] 3. The device of the present invention realizes the rapid installation and removal of the movable bearing seat 11 through the movable bearing seat control mechanism, which facilitates the replacement of the runway 9; at the same time, due to the high positioning accuracy of the first guide column 4 and the second guide column 5, the positioning accuracy of the rotating spindle 7 is greatly improved.

[0050] 4. Two different graphite sample structures are designed for the horizontal test device and the vertical test device: the first test graphite sample 62A and the second test graphite sample 62B, which can well solve the problem of change in load application direction caused by change in device structure.

[0051] 5. The device of the present invention adopts a ring-column surface contact and two-plane contact structure based on the structure of an actual graphite sealing ring, so that the runway 9, the test graphite sample and the sealing seat can better reflect the contact characteristics of the bearing cavity sealing device and the dynamic response characteristics of the test graphite sample to the runway 9.

[0052] 6. The device of the present invention utilizes a lever weight device to load the test graphite sample in the vertical direction, and utilizes a spring 36 to load the test graphite sample in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing bidirectional loading of the test graphite sample, reflecting the bidirectional loading characteristics of the graphite circumferential seal of the bearing cavity when working, and realizing the coupling influence study of radial and axial bidirectional loading of the test graphite sample.

[0053] 7. The device of the present invention adopts an electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 to heat the test graphite sample at a constant temperature continuously, the thermocouple 55 has sensitive temperature feedback control, and the infrared thermometer 53 is convenient for quantitatively studying the influence of working parameters on the temperature of the friction contact interface between the test graphite sample and the runway 9; at the same time, automatic and manual methods are adopted to realize the opening and closing of the first ambient temperature control box 42 and the second ambient temperature control box 45, so as to facilitate the replacement of the test graphite sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the horizontal test device in Example 1.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary motion system I of Example 1.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the runout adjustment mechanism 8 of embodiments 1 and 2.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical load application system II of Example 1.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal load application system III of Example 1.

[0059] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heating and control system IV of Example 1 Figure 1 .

[0060] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heating and control system IV of Example 1 Figure 2 .

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first experimental graphite sample 62A in Example 1.

[0062] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction and wear parameter measurement system V in Example 1.

[0063] Fig.10 This is a flow chart of the friction and wear test method of Examples 1 and 2.

[0064] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vertical test device of Example 2.

[0065] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotational motion system I of Example 2.

[0066] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical load application system II of Example 2.

[0067] Fig.14This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal load application system III of Example 2.

[0068] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the structure of heating and control system IV of Example 2 Figure 1 .

[0069] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the structure of heating and control system IV of Example 2 Figure 2 .

[0070] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second experimental graphite sample 62B in Example 2.

[0071] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction and wear parameter measurement system V of Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0073] Embodiment 1, horizontal test device:

[0074] Reference Figure 1 A graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device comprises a rotational motion system I, a vertical load application system II, a horizontal load application system III, a heating and control system IV and a friction and wear parameter measurement system V connected to a test device body 1; the test device body 1 connects all parts of the test device into a whole and supports the weight of the test device; the vertical load application system II abuts the test graphite sample on the runway to provide a radial load for the test graphite sample; the horizontal load application system III abuts the test graphite sample on the sealing seat to provide an axial load for the test graphite sample; the rotational motion system I provides power for the rotational motion of the runway; the heating and control system IV is arranged around the contact point between the test graphite sample and the runway to provide a test environment temperature for the friction and wear test; the friction and wear parameter measurement system V is used to obtain the friction and wear parameters in the test; in this embodiment, the axis of the rotating main shaft of the horizontal test device is parallel to the ground.

[0075] Reference Figure 2The rotary motion system I includes a horizontal high-speed motor 2A, a first coupling 3, a torque sensor 4, a horizontal torque sensor mounting base 5A, a second coupling 6, a rotating spindle 7, a runout adjustment mechanism 8, a runway 9, a horizontal fixed bearing seat 10A, a movable bearing seat 11, a movable bearing seat control mechanism, and a vibration sensor 12; the horizontal high-speed motor 2A is connected to the working table of the test device body 1; the output end of the horizontal high-speed motor 2A is connected to the input end of the first coupling 3, the output end of the first coupling 3 is connected to the input end of the torque sensor 4, the torque sensor 4 is fixedly mounted on the horizontal torque sensor mounting base 5A, and the horizontal torque sensor The mounting base 5A is connected to the working table of the test device body 1; the output end of the torque sensor 4 is connected to the input end of the second coupling 6, and the output end of the second coupling 6 is connected to one end of the rotating main shaft 7 to transmit power; the shaft shoulder on the rotating main shaft 7 is connected to the runout adjustment mechanism 8, and the runout adjustment mechanism 8 is connected to the runway 9 through bolts; the rotating main shaft 7 is installed in the horizontal fixed bearing seat 10A and the movable bearing seat 11 through deep groove ball bearings, the horizontal fixed bearing seat 10A is connected to the test device body 1, and the movable bearing seat 11 is fixedly installed on the movable bearing seat control mechanism and can be moved; a vibration sensor 12 is connected to the horizontal fixed bearing seat 10A.

[0076] Reference Figure 2 The movable bearing seat control mechanism includes a first servo motor 13, a horizontal first motor mounting bracket 14A, a first nut 15, a first guide sleeve 16, a second guide sleeve 17, a first guide column 18, a second guide column 19, a horizontal first guide column base 20A, and a horizontal second guide column base 21A; the first servo motor 13 is mounted on the horizontal first motor mounting bracket 14A, and the horizontal first motor mounting bracket 14A is connected to the working table of the test device body 1; the motor spindle of the first servo motor 13 is connected to the first nut 15 through a screw pair, and the first nut 15 can be driven to move by the rotation of the motor spindle of the first servo motor 13; the first nut 15 and the movable bearing seat 11 is connected; the first guide sleeve 16 and the second guide sleeve 17 are connected on both sides of the movable bearing seat 11; the first guide sleeve 16 and the second guide sleeve 17 are connected with the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19, and the first guide sleeve 16 and the second guide sleeve 17 can slide along the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19; one end of the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19 are respectively connected to the horizontal first motor mounting bracket 14A, and the other ends of the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19 are respectively installed in parallel with the horizontal first guide column base 20A and the horizontal second guide column base 21A, and are connected by a threaded pair; the horizontal first guide column base 20A and the horizontal second guide column base 21A are connected to the worktable of the test device fuselage 1.

[0077] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3The runout adjustment mechanism 8 includes a first circular sliding disk 8-1, a second circular sliding disk 8-2, a fixed disk 8-3, a first stud 8-4, a second stud 8-5, a first adjusting bolt 8-6, and a second adjusting bolt 8-7; the fixed disk 8-3 is connected to the shoulder of the rotating main shaft 7 by bolts, and a trapezoidal step is provided on the fixed disk 8-3, and a trapezoidal slide groove is provided on the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2. The first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 are radially displaced on the fixed disk 8-3 through the slide groove; the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 are respectively connected to the runway 9 by bolts; the first stud 8-4 is connected to the runway 9 by bolts; the first stud 8-5 is connected to the runway 9 by bolts; the first stud 8-6 is connected to the runway 9 by bolts; the first stud 8-7 ... The column 8-4 passes through the through holes on the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the fixed disk 8-3 and is fixed with a nut; the second stud 8-5 passes through the through holes on the second circular sliding disk 8-2 and the fixed disk 8-3 and is fixed with a nut; the first circular sliding disk 8-1 is provided with a first adjusting bolt 8-6, and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 is provided with a second adjusting bolt 8-7, which are used to balance the displacement of the center of gravity of the mechanism caused by the adjustment of the runway 9 runway ...

[0078] Reference Figure 4 The vertical load application system II includes a lever mounting bracket 22, a loading lever 23, a pin 24, a weight 25, a weight nut 26, a counterweight 27, a horizontal vertical loading piece 28A, and a horizontal contact piece 29A; the lever mounting bracket 22 is connected to the worktable of the test device fuselage 1, and a loading lever 23 is installed on the lever mounting bracket 22 through a pin 24, and the loading lever 23 can rotate around the pin 24; a weight 25 is fixed to the middle part of the loading lever 23 through a weight nut 26; the tail of the loading lever 23 is connected to the counterweight 27, and before the vertical load is applied, the vertical load application system II can be mass balanced through the counterweight 27; the end of the loading lever 23 is threadedly connected to the horizontal vertical loading piece 28A, and the lower end of the horizontal vertical loading piece 28A is equipped with a horizontal contact piece 29A; the load applied by the vertical load application system II of the horizontal test device is a radial load.

[0079] Reference Figure 5The horizontal load application system III includes a second servo motor 30, a second motor mounting bracket 31, a guide column support seat 32, a third guide column 33, a pressure plate 34, a pressure plate 35, a spring 36, a second nut 37, a third adjusting bolt 38, a force sensor 39, a horizontal horizontal loading rod 40A, and a loading ball 41; the second servo motor 30 is mounted on the second motor mounting bracket 31, and the second motor mounting bracket 31 is connected to the working table of the test device body 1; the working table of the test device body 1 is connected to the guide column support seat 32; four third guide columns 33 are connected to the guide column support seat 32 and the second motor mounting bracket 31 through nuts; the four third guide columns 33 pass through the mounting holes on the pressure plate 34 and the pressure plate 35 respectively, and the pressure plate 34 and the pressure plate 35 can slide along the third guide columns 33; four springs 36 are installed between the pressure plate 34 and the pressure plate 35; The pressure plate 35 is connected to the second nut 37, and the second nut 37 is connected to the motor shaft of the second servo motor 30 through a screw pair. The second servo motor 30 drives the pressure plate 35 to compress the spring 36 to achieve coarse adjustment of the horizontal load; the pressure plate 35, the second motor mounting bracket 31 and the third adjusting bolt 38 are connected, and the third adjusting bolt 38 and the second motor mounting bracket 31 are threadedly matched. The end of the third adjusting bolt 38 is against the pressure plate 35, and manual rotation of the third adjusting bolt 38 can push the pressure plate 35 to move, thereby compressing the spring 36 to achieve fine adjustment of the horizontal load; the pressure plate 34 is connected to the force sensor 39 through a thread, and the force sensor 39 is connected to one end of the horizontal horizontal loading rod 40A through a thread, and the other end of the horizontal horizontal loading rod 40A is provided with a loading ball 41; the load applied by the vertical load application system III of the horizontal test device is an axial load.

[0080] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The heating and control system IV includes a first ambient temperature control box 42, a first mounting bracket 43, a first slide rail 44, a second ambient temperature control box 45, a second mounting bracket 46, a second slide rail 47, a third servo motor 48, a third motor mounting bracket 49, a third nut 50, a fourth nut 51, a hand-cranked wheel 52, an infrared thermometer 53, a fifth nut 54, a thermocouple 55, a screw 56, an electromagnetic induction heating coil 57, a coil mounting plate 58, a third mounting bracket 59, a fourth mounting bracket 60, a first sealing seat 61A, a first test graphite sample 62A, a reference graphite sample mounting seat 63, and a first reference graphite sample 64A; the first ambient temperature control box 42 and the first The first mounting bracket 43 is connected, the first mounting bracket 43 is connected to the first slide rail 44, the first slide rail 44 is connected to the working table of the test device body 1, and the first mounting bracket 43 can slide through the dovetail groove on the first slide rail 44; the second ambient temperature control box 45 is connected to the second mounting bracket 46, and the second ambient temperature control box 45 is provided with an open groove to prevent interference with the vertical load application system; the second mounting bracket 46 is connected to the second slide rail 47, and the second slide rail 47 is connected to the working table of the test device body 1; the first mounting bracket 43 is connected to the third nut 50, the second mounting bracket 46 is connected to the fourth nut 51, and the third nut 50, the fourth nut 51 and the third servo motor 48 are provided with a main shaft The positive and negative thread ball screw threads cooperate to realize the automatic opening and closing of the first ambient temperature control box 42 and the second ambient temperature control box 45; the third servo motor 48 is installed on the third motor mounting bracket 49 by bolts, and the third motor mounting bracket 49 is connected to the working table of the test device body 1. If the third servo motor 48 is powered off, the screw can be manually controlled to rotate by the hand-cranked wheel 52 installed on the shaft extending from the tail of the third servo motor 48 to realize the manual opening and closing of the first ambient temperature control box 42 and the second ambient temperature control box 45; an infrared thermometer 53 is installed on the third motor mounting bracket 49 through a fifth nut 54, and the third motor mounting bracket 49 is connected to the thermocouple 55 by a screw 56. , the first environment temperature control box 42 is provided with detection holes for an infrared thermometer 53 and a thermocouple 55; an electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is provided inside the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is fixed inside a coil mounting plate 58, and the coil mounting plate 58 is fixed to a third mounting bracket 59 and a fourth mounting bracket 60 by a bolt group, and the third mounting bracket 59 and the fourth mounting bracket 60 are connected to the working table of the test device fuselage 1; the coil mounting plate 58 is connected to the first sealing seat 61A, and the first test graphite sample 62A is fixed to the first sealing seat 61A by an anti-rotation pin during operation to prevent the first test graphite sample 62A from moving during the test;The installation plane of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is perpendicular to the ground. The electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 is used as the symmetry plane. A reference graphite sample mounting seat 63 is installed at a symmetrical position on the other side of the coil mounting plate 58. A first reference graphite sample 64A is embedded in the reference graphite sample mounting seat 63. The structure of the first reference graphite sample 64A is completely consistent with that of the first test graphite sample 62A. The temperature of the first reference graphite sample 64A is monitored by a thermocouple 55 and the test environment temperature is adjusted by feedback control. The test temperature of the first test graphite sample 62A is measured non-contactly by an infrared thermometer 53, and the friction temperature rise during the test is obtained by comparing it with the temperature measured by the thermocouple 55. ;

[0081] Reference Figure 8 The first test graphite sample 62A is a "T"-shaped piece, with a circular groove 62A-1 abutting against the horizontal contact piece 29A on the top, and an empty groove 62A-2 on the side where the handle contacts the first sealing seat 61A. The circular groove 62A-1 and the empty groove 62A-2 cooperate with the vertical load application system II to prevent the first test graphite sample 62A from deflecting during the test; the abutting surface of the first test graphite sample 62A and the runway 9 is the first main sealing surface 62A-3, and the abutting surface of the first test graphite sample 62A and the first sealing seat 61A is the first auxiliary sealing surface 62A-4; the top surface 62A-5 of the side wing extending from the first test graphite sample 62A is the displacement detection position.

[0082] Reference Fig. 9 The friction and wear parameter measurement system V includes a displacement sensor 65, a water cooling device 66, an adjustment base 67, a mounting arm 68, a horizontal first support base 69A, a horizontal second support base 70A, and a torque sensor 4; the water cooling device 66 is installed around the head of the displacement sensor 65 to avoid the test temperature being too high and affecting the use of the displacement sensor 65; the displacement sensor 65 is installed on the adjustment base 67, the adjustment base 67 is fixed on the mounting arm 68, and the mounting arm 68 is connected to the third motor mounting bracket 49; the water cooling device 66 is connected to the horizontal first support base 69A and the horizontal second support base 70A by bolts, and the horizontal first support base 69A and the horizontal second support base 70A are respectively connected to the third motor mounting bracket 49; the friction and wear parameter measurement system V can realize the online measurement of the wear amount s through the displacement sensor 65, and can collect the friction torque through the torque sensor 4, and obtain the friction coefficient f by converting the friction torque.

[0083] Reference Fig.10 , a test method using a graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device, comprising the following steps:

[0084] Step 1, track installation: the movable bearing seat 11 is moved out along the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19 by the first servo motor 13, the track 9 is connected to the runout adjustment mechanism 8 by bolts, and the movable bearing seat 11 is installed on the rotating spindle 7 by the first servo motor 13 again;

[0085] Step 2, runout adjustment: adjust the first adjusting bolt 8-6 to make the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2 move radially on the fixed disk 8-3 through the slide groove, and detect the displacement value through the displacement sensor 65 until the runout meets the test requirements; symmetrically adjust the second adjusting bolt 8-7 to adjust the offset of the center of gravity of the mechanism caused by the offset of the runway 9, so that the center of mass of the entire system still passes through the axis of the rotating spindle 7; tighten the nuts on both sides of the first stud 8-4 and the second stud 8-5 to fix the first circular sliding disk 8-1 and the second circular sliding disk 8-2;

[0086] Step 3, start water cooling:

[0087] If the test is conducted at room temperature, it is only necessary to open the 2A water cooling circulation pipe of the horizontal high-speed motor;

[0088] If the test is conducted at the specified temperature, the water cooling circulation pipe 2A of the horizontal high-speed motor and the water cooling circulation pipe 66 of the water cooling device are opened simultaneously;

[0089] Step 4, dynamic balance adjustment of the rotating spindle: start the horizontal high-speed motor 2A, make the rotating motion system I idle, use the host computer to read the data of the vibration sensor 12, and if the vibration amplitude is less than 5mm / s in one cycle, it is considered that the adjustment of the runout amount meets the requirements and the test can be continued;

[0090] Step 5, idling torque acquisition: connect the torque sensor 4 to the host computer, start the horizontal high-speed motor 2A, make the rotary motion system I idle, read and record the reading of the torque sensor 4, repeat this step operation multiple times, and record the idling torque as the average value M0 of multiple tests;

[0091] Step 6, graphite sample installation: the first test graphite sample 62A is brought into contact with the runway 9 and the first sealing seat 61A;

[0092] If the test is conducted at room temperature, the first reference graphite specimen 64A is not installed;

[0093] If the test is conducted at a specified temperature, the first reference graphite specimen 64A is mounted at a specified symmetrical position;

[0094] Step 7, horizontal load application: start the second servo motor 30 to drive the pressure plate 35 to compress the spring 36, push the pressure plate 34 to make the loading ball 41 connected to the end of the horizontal loading rod 40A abut against the first test graphite sample 62A, initially apply the horizontal load, then manually adjust the third adjusting bolt 38, observe the reading of the force sensor 39, and fine-tune the size of the horizontal load until the test horizontal load condition is reached;

[0095] Step 8, vertical load application: without adding any weight 25 to the loading lever 23, the weight block 27 is rotated and adjusted to rotate on the screw at the tail of the loading lever 23, and after the loading lever 23 is leveled, the weight 25 is applied, and the weight nut 26 is installed to fix the weight 25. The ratio of the gravity of the applied weight 25 to the test load in the vertical direction applied to the first test graphite sample 62A is 5:1;

[0096] Step 9, ambient temperature adjustment: if the test is conducted at room temperature, turn on the infrared thermometer 53 and connect it to the host computer;

[0097] If the test is conducted at a specified temperature, the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 are opened by a pair of reverse thread pairs on the main shaft of the third servo motor 48, and after the thermocouple 55 is abutted against the first test graphite sample 62A, the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 are closed by a pair of reverse thread ball screw thread pairs on the main shaft of the third servo motor 48, and the infrared thermometer 57 is turned on to connect to the host computer; the power of the environment temperature control box is turned on, and heating is started to make the temperature of the environment temperature control box reach the set temperature, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes;

[0098] Step 10, friction and wear test: turn on the displacement sensor 65 and the torque sensor 4 to connect to the host computer to read data, set the test speed and acceleration time, start the horizontal high-speed motor 2A, and the rotary motion system I drives the runway 9 to rotate. The runway 9 and the first test graphite sample 62A are subjected to a friction and wear test; the reading of the displacement sensor 65 is the equivalent wear amount s of the first test graphite sample 62A. During the test, the conversion relationship between the friction torque M obtained by the torque sensor 4 and the friction coefficient f is: Where F is the radial load size and r is the runway radius;

[0099] Step 11, test end, unloading: when the test time reaches the pre-designed test time, the horizontal high-speed motor 2A is stopped;

[0100] If the test is conducted at room temperature, turn off the infrared thermometer 53, unscrew the weight nut 26, remove the weight 25; move the horizontal loading rod 40A away through the second servo motor 30;

[0101] If the test is conducted at the specified temperature, turn off the infrared thermometer 53, unscrew the weight nut 26, remove all the weights 25, and turn off the heating and control system IV, open the first environment temperature control box 42 and the second environment temperature control box 45 through a pair of reverse-threaded ball screw thread pairs on the main shaft of the third servo motor 48, and open the horizontal loading rod 40A through the second servo motor 30;

[0102] Step 12, data extraction: remove the first test graphite sample 62A and extract the test data in the host computer;

[0103] Step 13, if another set of tests is required, the surface of the runway 9 is cleaned with sandpaper, and then the process goes to step 6;

[0104] Step 14, disassembling the runway: using the first servo motor 13 to move the movable bearing seat 11 along the first guide column 18 and the second guide column 19, removing the bolts on the runway 9 and the runout adjustment mechanism 8, and disassembling the runway 9;

[0105] Step 15: If the test needs to be changed to runway 9, proceed to step 1;

[0106] Step 16, test stop, equipment recovery: turn off the water cooler and the host computer, turn off the main power supply, and store the first test graphite sample 62A and the runway 9.

[0107] Example 2, vertical test device:

[0108] Reference Fig.11 , a graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device. Different from Example 1, the axis of the rotating main shaft of the vertical test device is perpendicular to the ground; the vertical load application system II abuts the test graphite sample on the sealing seat to provide an axial load for the test graphite sample; the horizontal load application system III abuts the test graphite sample on the runway to provide a radial load for the test graphite sample.

[0109] Reference Fig.12 The difference between the rotary motion system I and the embodiment 1 is that: in this embodiment, the flange on the vertical high-speed motor 2B is connected to the motor mounting seat 71, and the motor mounting seat 71 is connected to the side wall of the test device body 1; the torque sensor 4 is fixedly mounted on the vertical torque sensor mounting base 5B, and the vertical torque sensor mounting base 5B is connected to the side wall of the test device body 1; the vertical fixed bearing seat 10B is fixed between the vertical first guide column base 20B and the vertical second guide column base 21B; the rotating spindle 7 is installed in the vertical fixed bearing seat 10B and the movable bearing seat 11 through a deep groove ball bearing; the movable bearing seat 11 is fixedly mounted on the movable bearing seat control mechanism and can be moved; the vibration sensor 12 is connected to the vertical fixed bearing seat 10B.

[0110] The movable bearing seat control mechanism described is different from that of Example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the first servo motor 13 is mounted on a vertical first motor mounting bracket 14B, and the vertical first motor mounting bracket 14B is fixed with nuts through the step surfaces of the end faces of the first guide column 4 and the second guide column 5. The other ends of the first guide column 4 and the second guide column 5 are respectively vertically mounted on the vertical first guide column base 20B and the vertical second guide column base 21B, and are connected by a threaded pair; the vertical first guide column base 20B and the vertical second guide column base 21B are connected to the work table of the test device body 1.

[0111] Reference Figure 3 The vibration adjustment mechanism 8 of this embodiment is exactly the same as that of embodiment 1.

[0112] Reference Fig.13 The vertical load application system II is different from that of Example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the vertical vertical loader 28B is installed on the head of the loading lever 23 and is connected by a pin 72; a baffle is designed on the lower side of the vertical vertical loader 28B, and vertical contact members 29B are installed in the middle of both sides of the baffle; the load applied by the vertical load application system II of the vertical test device is an axial load.

[0113] Reference Fig.14 The horizontal load application system III is different from Example 1 in that: the vertical horizontal loading rod 40B in this embodiment adopts a circular structure, and is provided with a first supporting bracket 73 and a second supporting bracket 74; the load applied by the horizontal load application system III of the vertical test device is a radial load.

[0114] Reference Fig.15 , Fig.16 The heating and control system IV is different from that of Example 1 in that: the electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 in this embodiment is directly connected to the first ambient temperature control box 42 and is located in the middle of the vertical loading member 28B; the second sealing seat 61B is connected to the sealing seat mounting bracket 75; the sealing seat mounting bracket 75 is connected to the working table of the test device fuselage 1; the second test graphite sample 62B is abutted against the second sealing seat 61B through the baffles on both sides of the vertical loading member 28B during operation to prevent the second test graphite sample 62B from deviating during the test. Turn; taking the horizontally placed electromagnetic induction heating coil 57 as the symmetry plane, a second reference graphite sample 64B is embedded in a symmetrical position on the other side of the vertical vertical loader 28B, and the second reference graphite sample 64B has the same structure as the second test graphite sample 62B; the temperature of the second reference graphite sample 64B is monitored by a thermocouple 55 and the test environment temperature is adjusted by feedback control, and the test temperature of the second test graphite sample 62B is measured non-contactly by an infrared thermometer 53, and the friction temperature rise during the test is obtained by comparing it with the temperature measured by the thermocouple 55.

[0115] Reference Fig.17 The second test graphite sample 62B includes a second main sealing surface 62B-1 abutting against the runway 9, and a second auxiliary sealing surface 62B-2 abutting against the second sealing seat 61B; the baffles on both sides of the vertical vertical loader 28B can prevent the second test graphite sample 62B from deflecting during the test, and a freely rotatable vertical contact piece 29B is installed in the middle of the baffles on both sides of the vertical vertical loader 28B, which abuts against the second test graphite sample 62B during the test; the displacement detection position is on the step surface 62B-3 of the second test graphite sample 62B.

[0116] Reference Fig.18 The friction and wear parameter measurement system V includes a displacement sensor 65, a vertical first support base 69B, a vertical second support base 70B, a mounting base 76, a mounting cover 77, and a torque sensor 4; a water cooling device 66 is installed around the head of the displacement sensor 65 to prevent the test temperature from being too high and affecting the use of the displacement sensor 65; the displacement sensor 65 is installed on the mounting base 76, and the displacement sensor 65 is fixed by cooperating with the mounting cover 77; the mounting base 76 is connected to the working table of the test device body 1; the water cooling device 66 is fixed on the vertical first support base 69B and the vertical second support base 70B by bolts; the vertical first support base 69B and the vertical second support base 70B are respectively connected to the working table of the test device body 1; the friction and wear parameter measurement system V can realize the online measurement of the wear amount s through the displacement sensor 65, and can collect the friction torque through the torque sensor 4, and obtain the friction coefficient f by converting the friction torque.

[0117] Reference Fig.10 , a test method for a vertical test device for friction and wear screening of graphite sealing materials. Different from Example 1, in this embodiment, the horizontal high-speed motor 2A is replaced by a vertical high-speed motor 2B; the first test graphite sample 62A is replaced by a second graphite sample 62B; the first sealing seat 61A is replaced by a second sealing seat 61B; the first reference graphite sample 64A is replaced by a second reference graphite sample 64B; the horizontal horizontal loading rod 40A is replaced by a vertical horizontal loading rod 40B.

Claims

1. A graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotary motion system (I), a vertical load application system (II), a horizontal load application system (III), a heating and control system (IV) and a friction and wear parameter measurement system (V) connected to a test device body (1); according to whether the axis of the rotating main shaft of the rotary motion system (I) is perpendicular to the ground or parallel to the ground, the test device is divided into a vertical test device and a horizontal test device, the axis of the rotating main shaft of the vertical test device is perpendicular to the ground, and the axis of the rotating main shaft of the horizontal test device is parallel to the ground; the rotary motion system (I) provides power for the rotary motion of the runway; for the horizontal test device, the vertical load application system (II) abuts the test graphite sample on the runway to provide power for the test graphite sample. The graphite sample provides a vertical load, and the horizontal load application system (III) abuts the test graphite sample against the sealing seat to provide a horizontal load for the test graphite sample; for the vertical test device, the vertical load application system (II) abuts the test graphite sample against the sealing seat to provide a vertical load for the test graphite sample, and the horizontal load application system (III) abuts the test graphite sample against the runway to provide a horizontal load for the test graphite sample; the heating and control system (IV) is arranged around the contact point between the test graphite sample and the runway to provide a test environment temperature for the friction and wear test; the friction and wear parameter measurement system (V) is used to obtain the friction and wear parameters in the test.

2. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary motion system (I) comprises a high-speed motor, the output end of the high-speed motor is connected to the input end of the torque sensor (4), the output end of the torque sensor (4) is connected to one end of the rotating main shaft (7), the shaft shoulder on the rotating main shaft (7) is connected to the runout adjustment mechanism (8), and the runout adjustment mechanism (8) is connected to the runway (9); the rotating main shaft (7) is installed in a fixed bearing seat and a movable bearing seat (11) through a bearing, the movable bearing seat (11) is installed on the bearing seat movable control mechanism, and the fixed bearing seat is connected to a vibration sensor (12).

3. The test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable bearing seat control mechanism comprises a first servo motor (13), the motor spindle of the first servo motor (13) is connected to a first nut (15), and the first nut (15) is connected to the movable bearing seat (11); a first guide sleeve (16) and a second guide sleeve (17) are connected to both sides of the movable bearing seat (11); a first guide column (18) and a second guide column (19) are connected inside the first guide sleeve (16) and the second guide sleeve (17), one end of the first guide column (18) and the second guide column (19) are respectively connected to the first motor mounting bracket, and the other ends of the first guide column (18) and the second guide column (19) are respectively installed on the first guide column base and the second guide column base; the first guide column base and the second guide column base are connected to the test device body (1); The runout adjustment mechanism (8) comprises a first circular sliding disk (8-1), a second circular sliding disk (8-2) and a fixed disk (8-3); the fixed disk (8-3) is connected to the shoulder of the rotating main shaft (7); a trapezoidal step is provided on the fixed disk (8-3); a trapezoidal sliding groove is provided on the first circular sliding disk (8-1) and the second circular sliding disk (8-2); the first circular sliding disk (8-1) and the second circular sliding disk (8-2) are radially displaced on the fixed disk (8-3) through the groove; the first circular sliding disk (8-1) and the second circular sliding disk (8-2) are respectively connected to the runway (9); The first stud (8-4) passes through the through holes on the first circular sliding disk (8-1) and the fixed disk (8-3) and is fixed by a nut; the second stud (8-5) passes through the through holes on the second circular sliding disk (8-2) and the fixed disk (8-3) and is fixed by a nut; the first circular sliding disk (8-1) is provided with a first adjusting bolt (8-6) and the second circular sliding disk (8-2) is provided with a second adjusting bolt (8-7) for balancing the displacement of the center of gravity of the mechanism caused by the adjustment of the runway (9); at the same time, the dynamic balance of the rotating main shaft (7) is monitored online in real time through a vibration sensor (12).

4. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical load application system (II) comprises a lever mounting bracket (22), the lever mounting bracket (22) is connected to the working table of the test device body (1), a loading lever (23) is installed on the lever mounting bracket (22) through a pin (24), and a weight (25) is fixed to the middle part of the loading lever (23) through a weight nut (26); the tail of the loading lever (23) is connected to a counterweight block (27), the end of the loading lever (23) is threadedly connected to a vertical loading member, and a contact member is installed at the lower end of the vertical loading member; the load applied by the vertical load application system of the horizontal test device is a radial load, and the load applied by the vertical load application system of the vertical test device is an axial load.

5. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal load application system (III) comprises a second servo motor (30), the second servo motor (30) is mounted on a second motor mounting bracket (31), the second motor mounting bracket (31) is connected to the test device body (1); the test device body (1) is connected to the guide column support seat (32); the third guide column (33) is connected to the guide column support seat (32) and the second motor mounting bracket (31); the third guide column (33) passes through the pressure plate (34) and the pressure plate (35) respectively; a spring (36) is installed between the pressure plate (34) and the pressure plate (35); the pressure plate (35) is connected to the second nut (37), and the second nut (37) The pressure plate (35) is connected to the motor shaft of the second servo motor (30) through a screw pair; the pressure plate (35), the second motor mounting bracket (31) and the third adjusting bolt (38) are connected, and the third adjusting bolt (38) is manually rotated to push the pressure plate (35) to move, thereby compressing the spring (36) to achieve fine adjustment of the horizontal load; the pressure plate (34) is connected to the force sensor (39), and the force sensor (39) is connected to one end of the horizontal loading rod, and the other end of the horizontal loading rod is provided with a loading ball (41); the load applied by the vertical load application system of the horizontal test device is an axial load, and the load applied by the horizontal load application system of the vertical test device is a radial load.

6. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and control system (IV) comprises a first ambient temperature control box (42) and a second ambient temperature control box (45); the first ambient temperature control box (42) is connected to a first slide rail (44) via a first mounting bracket 43, and the first slide rail (44) is connected to a test device body (1); the second ambient temperature control box (45) is connected to a second slide rail (47) via a second mounting bracket (46), and the second slide rail (47) is connected to a test device body (1); the first mounting bracket (43) is connected to a third nut (50), the second mounting bracket (46) is connected to a fourth nut (51), and the third nut (50), the fourth nut (51) and a positive and negative thread ball screw provided on the main shaft of a third servo motor (48) are connected. The threads are matched to realize the automatic opening and closing of the first environment temperature control box (42) and the second environment temperature control box (45); the third servo motor (48) is connected to the test device body (1) through the third motor mounting bracket (49), and a hand-cranked wheel (52) is installed on the shaft extending from the tail of the third servo motor (48); an infrared thermometer (53) is installed on the third motor mounting bracket (49) through a fifth nut (54), the third motor mounting bracket (49) is connected to a thermocouple (55), and detection holes for the infrared thermometer (53) and the thermocouple (55) are reserved on the first environment temperature control box (42); electromagnetic induction heating coils (57) are provided inside the first environment temperature control box (42) and the second environment temperature control box (45); For the horizontal test device, the electromagnetic induction heating coil (57) is fixed inside the coil mounting plate (58), the coil mounting plate (58) is fixed on the third mounting bracket (59) and the fourth mounting bracket (60), and the third mounting bracket (59) and the fourth mounting bracket (60) are connected to the test device body (1); the coil mounting plate (58) is connected to the first sealing seat (61A), and the first test graphite sample (62A) is fixed on the first sealing seat (61A) during operation; the installation plane of the electromagnetic induction heating coil (57) is perpendicular to the ground, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil (57) is used as the symmetry plane. A reference graphite sample installation seat (63) is installed at a symmetrical position on the other side of the coil mounting plate (58), and the first reference graphite sample (64A) is embedded in the reference graphite sample installation seat (63). The structure of the first reference graphite sample (64A) is completely consistent with that of the first test graphite sample (62A); For the vertical test device, the electromagnetic induction heating coil (57) is connected to the first ambient temperature control box (42) and is located in the middle of the vertical loading member (28B); the second sealing seat (61B) is connected to the sealing seat mounting bracket (75), and the sealing seat mounting bracket (75) is connected to the test device body (1); when working, the second test graphite sample (62B) abuts against the second sealing seat (61B) through the baffles on both sides of the vertical loading member (28B), and the horizontally placed electromagnetic induction heating coil (57) is used as a symmetry plane. A second reference graphite sample (64B) is embedded at a symmetrical position on the other side of the vertical loading member (28B), and the second reference graphite sample (64B) and the second test graphite sample (62B) have completely the same structural form.

7. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first test graphite sample (62A) is a "T"-shaped piece, with a circular groove (62A-1) abutting against the horizontal contact piece (29A) on the top, and an empty groove (62A-2) on the side where the handle contacts the first sealing seat (61A). The circular groove (62A-1) and the empty groove (62A-2) cooperate with the vertical load application system (II) to prevent the first test graphite sample (62A) from deflecting during the test; the abutting surface between the first test graphite sample (62A) and the runway (9) is the first main sealing surface (62A-3), and the abutting surface between the first test graphite sample (62A) and the first sealing seat (61A) is the first auxiliary sealing surface (62A-4); the top surface (62A-5) of the side wing extending from the first test graphite sample (62A) is the displacement detection position.

8. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second test graphite sample (62B) comprises a second main sealing surface (62B-1) abutting against the runway (9) and a second auxiliary sealing surface (62B-2) abutting against the second sealing seat (61B); baffles on both sides of the vertical loading member (28B) prevent the second test graphite sample (62B) from deflecting during the test; a freely rotatable vertical contact piece (29B) is installed between the baffles on both sides of the vertical loading member (28B) and abuts against the second test graphite sample (62B) during the test; and the displacement detection position is on the step surface (62B-3) of the second test graphite sample (62B).

9. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction and wear parameter measurement system (V) comprises a displacement sensor (65), and a water cooling device (66) is installed around the head of the displacement sensor (65); For the horizontal test device, the displacement sensor (65) is installed on the adjustment base (67), the adjustment base (67) is fixed on the mounting arm (68), and the mounting arm (68) is connected to the third motor mounting bracket (49); the water cooling device (66) is connected to the horizontal first support base (69A) and the horizontal second support base (70A), and the horizontal first support base (69A) and the horizontal second support base (70A) are respectively connected to the third motor mounting bracket (49); For the vertical test device, the displacement sensor (65) is connected to the test device body (1) via the mounting base (76); the water cooling device (66) is connected to the test device body (1) via the vertical first support base (69B) and the vertical second support base (70B); The friction and wear parameter measurement system (V) can realize online measurement of the wear amount s through the displacement sensor (65), and can collect the friction torque through the torque sensor (4), and obtain the friction coefficient f through the friction torque conversion.

10. A test method using a graphite sealing material friction and wear screening test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, track installation: the movable bearing seat (11) is moved out along the first guide column (18) and the second guide column (19) by the first servo motor (13), the track (9) is connected to the runout adjustment mechanism (8), and the movable bearing seat (11) is installed on the rotating main shaft (7) by the first servo motor (13) again; Step 2, adjustment of runout: adjust the first adjusting bolt (8-6) to make the first circular sliding disk (8-1) and the second circular sliding disk (8-2) move radially on the fixed disk (8-3) through the slide groove, and detect the displacement value through the displacement sensor (65) until the runout meets the test requirements; symmetrically adjust the second adjusting bolt (8-7) to adjust the offset of the center of gravity of the mechanism caused by the offset of the runway (9) so that the center of gravity of the entire system still passes through the axis of the rotating main shaft (7); tighten the nuts on both sides of the first stud (8-4) and the second stud (8-5) to fix the first circular sliding disk (8-1) and the second circular sliding disk (8-2); Step 3, start water cooling: If the test is conducted at room temperature, it is only necessary to open the water cooling circulation pipe of the high-speed motor; If the test is conducted at the specified temperature, the water cooling circulation pipeline of the high-speed motor and the water cooling circulation pipeline of the water cooling device (66) are opened simultaneously; Step 4, dynamic balance adjustment of the rotating spindle: start the high-speed motor to make the rotating motion system (I) idle, use the host computer to read the data of the vibration sensor (12), and if the vibration amplitude is less than 5mm / s within one cycle, it is considered that the adjustment of the runout amount meets the requirements and continue the test; Step 5, idling torque acquisition: connect the torque sensor (4) to the host computer, start the high-speed motor, make the rotary motion system (I) idle, read and record the reading of the torque sensor (4), repeat this step operation multiple times, and record the idling torque as the average value M0 of multiple tests; Step 6, graphite sample installation: abut the test graphite sample against the runway and the sealing seat; If the test is carried out at room temperature, the reference graphite specimen is not installed; If the test is carried out at a specified temperature, the reference graphite specimen is mounted at a specified symmetrical position; Step 7, applying a horizontal load: start the second servo motor (30) to drive the pressure plate (35) to compress the spring (36), push the pressure plate (34) to make the loading ball (41) at the end of the horizontal loading rod abut against the test graphite sample, initially apply a horizontal load, then manually adjust the third adjustment bolt (38), observe the reading of the force sensor (39), and fine-tune the size of the horizontal load until the test horizontal load condition is reached; Step 8, vertical load application: without adding any weight (25) to the loading lever (23), the counterweight (27) is rotated and adjusted to rotate on the screw at the tail of the loading lever (23), and after the loading lever (23) is leveled, the weight (25) is applied, and the weight nut (26) is installed to fix the weight (25); Step 9, ambient temperature adjustment: if the test is conducted at room temperature, turn on the infrared thermometer (53) and connect it to the host computer; If the test is conducted at a specified temperature, the first environment temperature control box (42) and the second environment temperature control box (45) are opened by the spindle of the third servo motor (48), and after the thermocouple (55) is abutted against the reference graphite sample, the first environment temperature control box (42) and the second environment temperature control box (45) are closed by the spindle of the third servo motor (48), and the infrared thermometer (57) is turned on to connect to the host computer; the power supply of the environment temperature control box is turned on to start heating so that the temperature of the environment temperature control box reaches the set temperature; Step 10, friction and wear test: turn on the displacement sensor (65) and the torque sensor (4) to connect to the host computer to read data, set the test speed and acceleration time, start the high-speed motor, and the rotary motion system drives the runway (9) to rotate, and the runway (9) and the test graphite sample are subjected to a friction and wear test; the reading of the displacement sensor (65) is the equivalent wear amount s of the test graphite sample, and the conversion relationship between the friction torque M obtained by the torque sensor (4) during the test and the friction coefficient f is: Where F is the radial load size and r is the runway radius; Step 11, end of test, unloading: stop the high-speed motor when the test time reaches the pre-designed test time; If the test is conducted at room temperature, turn off the infrared thermometer (53), unscrew the weight nut (26), remove all weights (25); move the horizontal loading rod away through the second servo motor (30); If the test is conducted at the specified temperature, the infrared thermometer (53) is turned off, the weight nut (26) is screwed off, all weights (25) are removed, and the heating and control system (IV) is turned off. The first environment temperature control box (42) and the second environment temperature control box (45) are opened by the spindle of the third servo motor (48), and the horizontal loading rod is moved away by the second servo motor (30); Step 12, data extraction: unload the test graphite sample and extract the test data in the host computer; Step 13, if another set of tests is required, the surface of the runway (9) is cleaned with sandpaper, and then the process proceeds to step 6; Step 14, disassembling the runway: using the first servo motor (13) to move the movable bearing seat (11) along the first guide column (18) and the second guide column (19), and disassembling the runway (9); Step 15: If the runway needs to be changed for testing, proceed to step 1; Step 16, stop the test and restore the equipment: turn off the water cooler and the host computer, turn off the main power supply, and store the test graphite sample and the runway (9).

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