System for judging end points of blowing and refining stages in copper smelting by analyzing optical signals

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for judging the end point of blowing and refining stages in copper smelting by analyzing optical signals, which relates to the technical field of thermometallurgy and specifically comprises the following steps: capturing necessary information in a non-immersion and remote manner, performing spectral measurement on a molten phase in the blowing and refining processes, and determining the end point of the blowing and refining stages in copper smelting according to the measurement result. And the optimal opportunity of blowing and refining end points is judged, and when the S content of the copper melt reaches a set threshold value, air or oxygen-enriched air is stopped from being injected into the molten pool. The process control system is improved, and the production cycle is optimized; the escape gas (the optimal desulfurization point) during the rotation of the furnace is reduced; the circulation load is reduced; the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost are reduced; the service life of refractory materials is prolonged; by reducing the sampling frequency, the time for operators to contact with escaping gas is shortened, and the operation environment of workers is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pyrometallurgy, and in particular to a system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end points of copper smelting, blowing and refining stages. Background Art

[0002] Anode copper is produced through the pyrometallurgical copper smelting process, which includes a series of stages such as smelting, converting and refining. Pyrometallurgical copper smelting accounts for 80% of the world's copper production. Currently, with very few exceptions, these concentrates are processed through pyrometallurgical processes, which shows that copper smelters are a very important part of the copper industry.

[0003] The smelting process of copper concentrate is to produce high-purity anode copper through high-temperature oxidation reaction, and the main processes are: smelting, blowing, refining and slag selection. The main purpose of these stages is to use copper concentrate with an initial copper grade of more than 13% as raw material to smelt anode copper with a purity of more than 99%. The smelting and blowing stages are key links in the process, and their operating parameters are crucial to product quality.

[0004] The main components of copper concentrate are a mixture of iron and copper sulfides, of which chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ) and pyrite (FeS 2 ) is generally high, and melts and oxidizes during the smelting stage (1250°C). Due to the relative affinity of oxygen for iron and sulfur, three phases are produced: a molten sulfide phase rich in copper (matte), with a copper content of between 45-75%, depending on the smelting method; a molten phase containing mainly ferrous oxide and silicon oxide, which are immiscible with sulfides; and finally a SO4-rich phase. 2 The smelting can be represented by the following reaction formula:

[0005]

[0006] The reaction equation shows that during the smelting process, the iron sulfide in the copper concentrate is partially oxidized to form FeO, FeO and SiO 2 Combined to form slag. Cu 2 The melt of S and FeS forms a mutual solution, which is usually called matte or white matte phase. The copper content of this phase can be controlled by adding a mixture of air and oxygen.

[0007] In pyrometallurgical copper smelting, blowing is the process of further processing the matte produced by smelting. At this stage, the oxidation reaction of sulfur and iron continues to produce crude copper, which is then refined by pyrometallurgy to produce anode copper, and then further electrolytic refining to produce electrolytic copper.

[0008] There are many types of furnaces for smelting, converting and refining, and the technology of different furnaces varies greatly. The ability to realize automatic control of the smelting process is generally poor. The main bottleneck is the lack of measuring instruments that can be used to monitor the smelting process in the reactor. If instruments with physical contact are used inside the reactor, the high temperature, dust and corrosive environment have a serious limitation on maintaining the integrity of the instrument.

[0009] Typically, industrial smelting processes are controlled by periodic sampling, sample preparation and laboratory analysis, which takes a lot of time and provides late information for operational control decisions. However, there are techniques that can determine the composition of the molten phase, which is a key factor in achieving more precise operational control and helps to correctly predict the end time of each operating cycle.

[0010] Specifically, the converting stage is the oxidation of the matte phase produced in the smelting stage, which is called matte converting. In this process, Fe and S are oxidized in turn and leave the converting furnace, and finally crude copper is obtained. In operation, special attention is paid to determining the slag-making and copper-making endpoints of converting. In both cases, overoxidation will cause operational problems.

[0011] At present, there is a lack of a system for monitoring the endpoint of slag and copper production in the blowing process. Most methods for determining the endpoint of copper converter blowing are based on manual sampling, visual inspection, flame observation, spark changes, observation of melt fluidity, or observation of the brightness of the molten phase in the furnace. For a long time, visual observation has been used to judge process-related behaviors, whether it is to determine its endpoint or adjust control parameters. These judgments are made based on empirical knowledge, and based on this visual information, it is determined whether the process has reached a certain stage, phase or temperature. SEMTECH has proposed an infrared detection technology to guide the operation method, which has been adopted by some smelters.

[0012] Visual observations are affected by the operator's emotional and psychological state and personal experience, and can affect the final judgment, making it easy to make mistakes such as overblowing or "cold furnace". Misjudgment of furnace conditions and endpoints may lead to:

[0013] Significant increase in crude copper production cycle time;

[0014] Increased consumption of reducing agents (diesel, natural gas);

[0015] Increased operating costs;

[0016] Anode quality risk and impurity transfer risk;

[0017] Temperature changes lead to unstable furnace operation;

[0018] ·Low cold material processing rate;

[0019] Increased damage to the furnace lining;

[0020] Shortened service life of the converting furnace;

[0021] Increased maintenance costs;

[0022] Metal loss due to entrainment;

[0023] Magnetite agglomeration causes the furnace volume to decrease.

[0024] Clearly, there is still a need to develop technologies that can provide real-time insight into furnace conditions (temperature and composition) directly from the molten phase, which would enable better control of operating variables, thereby improving operating efficiency, safety, and reducing environmental impact. Summary of the invention

[0025] The present invention provides a system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end points of the copper smelting blowing and refining stages, which solves the problem that the prior art mentioned in the above background technology cannot monitor the internal conditions of the furnace in real time and cannot accurately determine the end points of the blowing and refining stages.

[0026] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages, comprising a computer, an optical instrument, an optical fiber and a focusing optical element, the optical instrument comprising a signal identifier, the front end of the optical fiber is connected to a focusing optical element, the focusing optical element is inserted into an optical access point of a blowing furnace, the rear end of the optical fiber is located outside the nozzle and the blowing furnace, and is subjected to industrial ambient temperature, and the rear end of the optical fiber is connected to the computer through the signal identifier;

[0027] The optical instrument measures optical signals emitted from a molten metal bath in a converting or refining furnace using an optical fiber that captures the optical signal of the process and transmits it to a signal identifier that digitizes the optical signal of the measurement process and transmits it to a computer for processing;

[0028] The computer receives spectral information provided by the optical instrument and completes digital reception, storage and processing through automatic analysis software; the automatic analysis software uses a signal identifier to capture spectral information in the UV-VIS-NIR spectrum, calibrates these spectra, then uses a dual-wavelength method to determine the melt temperature, and then calculates the corresponding spectrum and intensity, and finally determines the endpoint of the refining or refining process based on the analysis of the change of the signal intensity of the sulfide over time.

[0029] The automated analysis software includes a standard spectrum calibration module, a temperature module, an optical signal calculation module and an optimization calculation module;

[0030] 1. Standard spectrum calibration module: used to measure the optical signal spectrum, compensate the spectral response rate of the optical instrument, and convert the digital counts into calibrated signal intensity per unit area;

[0031] 2. Temperature estimation module: by processing the signals of two wavelengths, the standard temperature is calculated according to the measured optical signals;

[0032] 3. Optical signal calculation module: Based on the Planck principle, the spectrum and intensity of the process emission are instantly calculated according to the calibrated optical signal and temperature information;

[0033] 4. Optimization calculation module: record the change trend of the optical signal of the process over time and determine the end point of the process.

[0034] The system also includes a cabinet, which is used to accommodate the optical instrument and the computer and provide highly insulating and heat-insulating physical protection for the optical instrument and the computer.

[0035] The front end of the optical fiber is provided with a thermal insulation layer to withstand high temperatures, and the rear end of the optical fiber is protected with a coating to withstand the physical conditions of typical factory equipment operation and operation.

[0036] The front end measuring part of the optical fiber is located in the nozzle or tuyere blowing oxygen-enriched air / oxygen, or in the nozzle or peephole dedicated for this purpose; the rear end of the optical fiber extends from the inside of the nozzle to the outside of the blowing furnace and reaches the cabinet.

[0037] The automated analysis software transmits the processing signal of the end point of the blowing or refining process to the control room through the Ad-Hoc mode or a conventional router wirelessly. The control room stops injecting air or oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool according to the stop instruction sent by the automated analysis software. At this time, the S content in the copper is 30 to 300 ppm.

[0038] The signal identifier is a UV-VIS-NIR signal identifier having a silicon-based sensor; the optical fiber is a multimode UV-VIS-NIR optical fiber; and the focusing optical element is a UV-VIS-NIR focusing optical element.

[0039] The numerical aperture of the optical fiber transmitting the spectral signal must be aligned with the axis of the nozzle.

[0040] The automated analysis software measures spectra periodically every few minutes as defined by the user.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] Improve process control systems and optimize production cycles;

[0043] Reduce the escaped gas when the furnace rotates (optimal desulfurization point);

[0044] Reduce cyclic load;

[0045] Reduce maintenance times and maintenance costs;

[0046] Extend the life of refractory materials;

[0047] Improve the workers’ operating environment by reducing the number of sampling times;

[0048] Reduce the time operators are exposed to escaping gases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the components of a system for analyzing optical signals in a converter to determine the end point of the copper smelting blowing and refining stages;

[0050] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the installation of a system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end points of copper smelting blowing and refining stages provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 : Online measurement diagram of sulfur content in air flow;

[0052] Figure 4 : Curve diagram of the change of sulfur content in copper during desulfurization process;

[0053] Figure 5 :The change of spectral intensity over time;

[0054] Figure 6 : Copper spectrum intensity change curve during desulfurization stage.

[0055] In the figure: 1, electric furnace; 2, tubular reaction chamber; 3, upper inlet; 4, lower inlet; 5, quartz peephole; 6, crucible; 7, measuring end; 8, online gas analyzer system (DOAS); 9, thermocouple; 10, signal identifier; 11, computer; 12, optical instrument; 13, optical fiber; 14, focusing optical element; i, molten pool; ii, refining furnace; iii, access point to the refining furnace and components of the analysis system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The present invention provides a system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of the copper smelting blowing and refining stages. The principle of the system is to capture necessary information in a non-immersion and remote manner, perform spectral measurement of the molten phase during the blowing or refining process, and determine the best time to stop the blowing process based on the measurement results. The process uses an optical fiber to receive optical information. The optical fiber does not contact the molten pool, nor does it take samples from the molten pool for processing. It only needs to aim the optical fiber at the molten pool at a close distance without obstruction. The purpose of the system is to stop spraying air or oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool when the S content in the copper melt reaches a set threshold, wherein the S content is less than 300ppm, and ideally less than 50ppm.

[0058] The spectroscopic determination of the process of using the system is carried out by observing the molten pool of the converting furnace at an appropriate viewing angle. 2 The sulfur is converted into crude copper and the sulfur is removed from the copper melt. The spectroscopic determination of this process can also be carried out by sparging with air or oxygen-enriched air. In this case, the spectrum emitted by the liquid copper is followed over time as the following reactions occur:

[0059] ( S ) Cu +O 2(g) =SO 2(g) .

[0060] According to the intensity measurement of the tracking spectrum, the end time of desulfurization and the start time of copper oxidation in the process are recorded. The hardware and software of the present invention measure and process the spectrum signals generated by matte blowing.

[0061] To better understand the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 , represents the components of the converting furnace: i molten pool; ii converting furnace; and iii access points connected to the converting furnace and components of the analysis system. Specifically, the system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of the copper smelting converting and refining stage includes at least the following components:

[0062] a. An optical instrument (12), the optical instrument (12) comprising a signal identifier (10), the signal identifier (10) being a UV-VIS-NIR signal identifier, the signal identifier (10) being used to digitize the optical signal of the measurement process and transmit it to a computer (11) for processing;

[0063] b. The optical fiber (13) is a multimode UV-VIS-NIR optical fiber, the front end of the optical fiber (13) is provided with a heat insulation layer to withstand high temperatures, and the rear end of the optical fiber (13) is protected by a coating to withstand the physical conditions of typical factory equipment operation and operation;

[0064] The front end of the optical fiber (13) is connected to a UV-VIS-NIR focusing optical element (14). When in use, the focusing optical element (14) is inserted into the optical access point of the blowing furnace. The front end measuring part of the optical fiber (13) is located in the nozzle or tuyere for blowing oxygen-enriched air / oxygen, or in a nozzle or peephole dedicated to this purpose. The numerical aperture of the optical fiber transmitting the spectral signal must be aligned with the axis of the nozzle. The rear end of the optical fiber (13) extends from the inside of the nozzle to the outside of the blowing furnace and is subjected to the industrial environment temperature. The rear end of the optical fiber (13) is connected to the computer (11) through the signal identifier (10).

[0065] c. A computer (11) receiving spectral information provided by an optical instrument (12) and completing digital reception, storage and processing through automatic analysis software; the optical instrument (12) uses an optical fiber (13) to measure the optical signal emitted by the molten metal pool of the blowing furnace or refining furnace, and the optical fiber (13) captures the optical signal of the process and transmits it to the signal identifier (10), and the signal identifier (10) digitizes the optical signal of the measurement process and transmits it to the computer (11) for processing;

[0066] d. A cabinet that can accommodate optical instruments (12) and computers (11), providing highly insulated and heat-insulated physical protection (to prevent impact, particles, leakage), etc. for the above equipment, and the rear end of the optical fiber (13) extends from the inside of the nozzle to the outside of the refining furnace and reaches the cabinet.

[0067] The above-mentioned automated analysis software uses a signal identifier (10) to capture spectral information in the UV-VIS-NIR spectrum, measures the spectrum regularly every few minutes according to the user's definition, calibrates these spectra, and then determines the melt temperature using a dual wavelength method, then calculates the corresponding spectrum and lightness, and finally determines the end point of the blowing or refining process based on the signal intensity of the sulfide over time. The automated analysis software transmits the processed signal of the end point of the blowing or refining process to the control room through the Ad-Hoc mode or a conventional router wirelessly. The control room stops injecting air or oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool according to the stop instruction sent by the automated analysis software. At this time, the S content in the copper is 30 to 300 ppm.

[0068] The automated analysis software includes a standard spectrum calibration module, a temperature module, an optical signal calculation module, and an optimization calculation module;

[0069] 1. Standard spectrum calibration module: used to measure the optical signal spectrum, compensate the spectral response rate of the optical instrument, and convert the digital counts into calibrated signal intensity per unit area;

[0070] 2. Temperature module: By processing the signals of two wavelengths, the standard temperature is calculated according to the measured optical signals;

[0071] 3. Optical signal calculation module: Based on the Planck principle, the spectrum and intensity of the process emission are instantly calculated according to the calibrated optical signal and temperature information;

[0072] 4. Optimization calculation module: record the change trend of the optical signal of the process over time and determine the end point of the process.

[0073] The process of using the above system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of the copper smelting and converting stage to determine the end point of the copper smelting and converting stage includes at least the following stages:

[0074] a. Configure a spectrum measurement system that can enter the converter or refining furnace through an optical channel: the front end (measuring part) of the optical fiber is preferably (but not entirely) located in the nozzle or tuyere blowing oxygen-enriched air / oxygen, or in a nozzle or peephole dedicated to this purpose. The numerical aperture of the optical fiber transmitting the spectrum signal must be aligned with the axis of the nozzle to adjust the field of view of the molten pool so that the molten pool can be measured normally (perpendicular to the surface of the molten pool), and then the measured spectrum signal is transmitted from the signal identifier to the computer via USB communication or similar means;

[0075] b. Connection of the various parts of the measurement system: The optical fiber must be connected to the signal identifier and then to the computer that stores and processes the information;

[0076] c. Information Capture: Information is captured and processed through automated analysis software; a signal identifier with a silicon-based sensor is used to capture spectral information in the UV-VIS-NIR spectrum. The spectra are measured regularly every few minutes as defined by the user. These spectra are calibrated, and the melt temperature is subsequently determined using a dual-wavelength method, and the corresponding spectra and intensities are then calculated;

[0077] d. Processing and determination of the end point of the blowing or refining process: by using automatic analysis software, the trend of the optical signal of the process is recorded over time to determine the end point of the process;

[0078] e. Send stop indication: The processing signal of the end point of the blowing or refining process is transmitted wirelessly to the control room through Ad-Hoc mode or a conventional router;

[0079] Stop blasting: Stop injecting air or oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool according to the stop instruction sent. At this time, the S content in the copper is 30-300ppm.

[0080] This technology is beneficial for:

[0081] Improve reaction control and optimize production cycle;

[0082] Reduce the escaped gas when the reactor rotates (optimal desulfurization point);

[0083] Reduce cyclic load;

[0084] Reduce maintenance times and maintenance costs;

[0085] Extend the life of refractory materials;

[0086] Improve the workers’ operating environment by reducing the number of sampling times;

[0087] Reduce the time operators are exposed to escaping gases.

[0088] Example

[0089] Effectiveness evaluation of optical signal measurement systems

[0090] In the past, a series of test experiments were carried out to measure the sulfur content in the desulfurization stage of copper matte and determine the best point to stop oxygen blowing based on spectral measurement analysis. Figure 2 As shown. The evaluation was carried out in an electric furnace (1) consisting of a tubular reaction chamber (2) with an upper inlet (3) and a lower inlet (4) for gas processing, and a quartz peephole (5) used as an optical access to the reaction chamber. The desulfurization process was carried out in a crucible (6) containing molten copper, and the surface of the crucible could be fully observed from the optical inlet of the furnace. The spectral measurement system was located outside the furnace at room temperature (25°C), and the measurement end (7) of the optical fiber was perpendicular to the optical access peephole and located 10 cm away from it. The adopted spectral measurement system operates in the VIS-NIR spectral range, and the natural numerical aperture of the optical fiber provides an ideal observation area, which is focused inside the reaction chamber of the furnace without the need for additional focusing optical elements.

[0091] As a validation reference, an online gas analyzer system based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) (8) was used to track SO 2 The release amount changes during the process. The temperature of the reaction chamber is also monitored by a thermocouple (9), which verifies the expected spectral temperature. The optical signal data of the copper desulfurization process is captured by an optical fiber (13), transmitted to a signal identifier (10), and then processed by a computer (11).

[0092] The experiment was conducted at 1523 K using 126.47 g of mineral sample, with an initial sulfur concentration of 0.37%. The oxidizing atmosphere during the reaction consisted of a gas mixture with a nitrogen flow rate of 3.5 L / min and an oxygen flow rate of 0.5 L / min. The same gas flow was inhaled and an online SO 2 The concentration of DOAS analyzer continuously analyzes the output gas of the reaction. The DOAS sampling time, temperature acquisition and spectral information acquisition are 60 seconds; the effective spectral range is between 650 and 900 nanometers, and the integration time of the spectrometer is 10 milliseconds. The collection area of ​​the optical fiber is 1.3x10-3cm2 , the distance between the optical fiber and the melt is 54 cm.

[0093] Figure 3 The sulfur concentration of the output gas outlet is measured online. From the 50th minute onwards, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) percentage increase, at which point oxygen is introduced. SO 2 The direct reason for the increase in signal is the removal of sulfur from the copper sample during the desulfurization process. In addition, after the 50th minute, it can be seen that with the gradual disappearance of sulfur in the copper sample and SO 2 The concentration gradually decreased.

[0094] Figure 4 represents the change in sulfur content in the copper sample during the desulfurization process, which is obtained based on the mass balance, given the sulfur content in the copper sample before desulfurization and Figure 3 Information provided in Figure 4 As shown, once the desulfurization process starts (starting from the 50th minute), the remaining sulfur content in the melt decreases rapidly.

[0095] Figure 5 represents the change in spectral intensity over time, from which we can see how its intensity decreases simultaneously with the decrease in sulfur concentration in the copper sample ( Figure 4 ), or equivalent to SO in the outlet gas 2 The change of concentration ( Figure 3 ).

[0096] Figure 6 It shows the change of copper spectrum intensity during the desulfurization stage. From the 50th minute, as the process progresses, it can be observed that the spectrum intensity decreases. 2 The minimum point reached before the reaction of O occurs is consistent with the minimum sulfur concentration in copper. The minimum point of the spectral intensity corresponds to the optimal point for stopping oxygen blowing during the desulfurization stage. As shown in the figure, if the process is not interrupted at this time and oxygen is continued to be introduced, Cu 2 O, thus significantly increasing the spectral intensity.

[0097] Ultimately, this experiment validated the effectiveness of the analytical system for determining the end point of the converting stage in copper smelting.

[0098] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. Machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it can be understood by ordinary technicians in this field that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages, comprising a computer (11), characterized in that: It also includes an optical instrument (12), an optical fiber (13) and a focusing optical element (14), wherein the optical instrument (12) includes a signal identifier (10), the front end of the optical fiber (13) is connected to the focusing optical element (14), the focusing optical element (14) is inserted into the optical access point of the blowing furnace, the rear end of the optical fiber (13) is located outside the nozzle and the blowing furnace, and is subjected to industrial environment temperature, and the rear end of the optical fiber (13) is connected to a computer (11) through the signal identifier (10); The optical instrument (12) uses an optical fiber (13) to receive an optical signal emitted by a molten metal pool of a blowing furnace or a refining furnace, the optical fiber (13) captures the optical signal of the process and transmits it to a signal identifier (10), and the signal identifier (10) digitizes the optical signal of the measurement process and transmits it to a computer (11) for analysis and processing; The computer (11) receives the spectral information provided by the optical instrument (12), and completes digital reception, storage and processing through automatic analysis software; the automatic analysis software uses a signal identifier (10) to capture the spectral information in the UV-VIS-NIR spectrum, calibrates these spectra, then uses a dual wavelength method to determine the melt temperature, and then calculates the corresponding spectrum and intensity, and finally determines the end point of the blowing or refining process based on the signal intensity of the sulfide changing with time. The automated analysis software includes a standard spectrum calibration module, a temperature module, an optical signal calculation module and an optimization calculation module; 1. Standard spectrum calibration module: used to measure the spectrum, compensate the spectral response rate of the optical instrument, and convert the digital counts into calibrated signal intensity per unit area; 2. Temperature module: By processing the signals of two wavelengths, the standard temperature is calculated according to the measured optical signals; 3. Optical signal calculation module: Based on the Planck principle, the spectrum and intensity of the melt emission during the process are instantly calculated according to the calibrated spectrum and temperature information; 4. Optimization calculation module: record the change trend of the optical signal of the process over time and determine the end point of the process.

2. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a cabinet, which is used to accommodate the optical instrument (12) and the computer (11) and provides highly insulating and heat-insulating physical protection for the optical instrument (12) and the computer (11).

3. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the optical fiber (13) is provided with a heat insulation layer to withstand high temperatures, and the rear end of the optical fiber (13) is protected by a coating to withstand the physical conditions of typical factory equipment operation and operation.

4. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end measuring part of the optical fiber (13) is located in the nozzle or tuyere for blowing oxygen-enriched air / oxygen, or in a nozzle or peephole dedicated for this purpose; the rear end of the optical fiber (13) extends from the inside of the nozzle to the outside of the blowing furnace and reaches the cabinet.

5. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automated analysis software transmits the processing signal of the end point of the blowing or refining process to the control room through the Ad-Hoc mode or a conventional router wirelessly. The control room stops spraying air or oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool according to the stop instruction sent by the automated analysis software. At this time, the S content in the copper is 30 to 300 ppm.

6. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal identifier (10) is a UV-VIS-NIR signal identifier, and the signal identifier (10) has a silicon-based sensor; the optical fiber (13) is a multimode UV-VIS-NIR optical fiber; and the focusing optical element (14) is a UV-VIS-NIR focusing optical element.

7. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages according to claim 4, characterized in that: The numerical aperture of the optical fiber transmitting the spectral signal must be aligned with the axis of the nozzle.

8. A system for analyzing optical signals to determine the end point of copper smelting blowing and refining stages according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automated analysis software periodically monitors the melt every few minutes as defined by the user.

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