GIS partial discharge sound-optical-electric combined sensor and detection method

Abstract

The application discloses a GIS partial discharge sound-optical-electric combined detection composite sensor and a detection method.The composite sensor device is installed on GIS and comprises a sealing plate, a dielectric layer plate, an upper pole plate, a fiber joint, a fluorescent optical fiber, a feeding rod and a limiting device.The limiting device comprises a fixed ring seat, a rotating mechanism, a synchronous mechanism and an adjustable limiting mechanism.The fixed ring seat is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing plate.The rotating mechanism is rotationally arranged at the bottom of the fixed ring seat.The synchronous mechanism is rotationally arranged in the fixed ring seat.The adjustable limiting mechanism is slidingly and penetratingly arranged at the edge of the fixed ring seat, and the adjustable limiting mechanism is in engagement with the synchronous mechanism.Through the adjustable limiting mechanism, the position of the sliding limiting seat can be reasonably adjusted according to the thickness of the bolt head, so that the adjusted sliding limiting seat can be in contact with and press the bolt head, the use is more flexible, and the signal conditioning amplifier and the photoelectric converter are matched, so that the partial discharge "false alarm" problem is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of composite sensors, and in particular relates to a composite sensor for joint acoustic, photoelectric and local discharge detection of GIS. Background Art

[0002] Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is a core component of power grids with the highest utilization and fastest growth rate. Partial discharge (PD) is the most critical parameter for GIS insulation condition monitoring. Currently, ultrasonic and ultra-high frequency (UHF) testing methods are the primary methods used in field applications. However, long-term field engineering experience has shown that these two single testing methods have significant shortcomings in practical engineering applications. First, due to their principle limitations, both methods have certain blind spots in detecting PD: the ultrasonic method cannot detect defects where sound waves cannot propagate, such as internal defects in insulators; while the UHF method has poor sensitivity to defects that generate lower-frequency electromagnetic waves, such as surface discharge on insulators. These blind spots lead to frequent "missed positives" in field applications. Furthermore, both methods primarily utilize external testing. Due to limitations in the detection method, the UHF method cannot detect PD in GIS with shielded insulators, while the ultrasonic method requires placement on a relatively flat housing surface, severely limiting the detectable area. Furthermore, due to the complex electromagnetic environment, equipment vibration, and abnormal noise signals present in field applications, both methods are susceptible to external interference, leading to false positives.

[0003] Currently, frequent false alarms and missed detections in GIS on-site partial discharge (PD) detection severely restrict the reliable operation of GIS equipment. On-site detection results no longer meet the timeliness and accuracy requirements for detecting PD defects. There is an urgent need to overcome the bottlenecks in existing methods and explore more effective detection and analysis methods. Furthermore, existing technologies typically connect sensors to GIS equipment via bolts. However, GIS equipment is prone to vibration during use, which can cause the bolts to loosen, resulting in poor sensor adhesion and, in turn, impacting the sensor's discharge detection performance.

[0004] The prior art discloses a tension sensor for a transmission tower (CN217032841U), comprising a base plate with bolt holes formed around its periphery, wherein fixing bolts extending through the base plate are disposed within the bolt holes. A main body is mounted in the middle of the top of the base plate. The lower end of the fixing box is laterally rotatably connected to a forward and reverse threaded rod, wherein threaded blocks are threadedly connected to both sides of the surface of the forward and reverse threaded rod, and a clamping plate extending to the upper end of the bolt hole is mounted on the top of the threaded block. However, a disadvantage of this prior art is that the forward and reverse threaded rod is rotated by turning a dial, so that the threaded block moves and the clamping plate moves and engages within the bolt hole. This can only limit the position of bolts at both ends of a rectangular member, and cannot simultaneously extend and position bolts in a circular array. In addition, the head thickness of existing bolts varies, making it difficult to reasonably adjust the position of the clamping plate according to the thickness of the bolt head, resulting in insufficient flexibility in use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite sensor for joint acoustic, photoelectric and partial discharge detection of GIS to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a composite sensor for joint acoustic, photoelectric and partial discharge detection in GIS, comprising:

[0008] A composite sensing device installed on a GIS, comprising: a sealing plate, a dielectric layer plate, an upper electrode plate, an optical fiber connector, a fluorescent optical fiber, a feed rod, and a limit device; the dielectric layer plate is connected to the upper surface of the sealing plate; the upper electrode plate is connected to the upper surface of the dielectric layer plate; the optical fiber connector is inserted and installed on the side of the sealing plate; the fluorescent optical fiber is embedded in the top of the upper electrode plate and connected to the optical fiber connector; the feed rod is inserted and installed in the middle of the sealing plate and the dielectric layer plate, with the top connected to the upper electrode plate; and the limit device is installed on the lower surface of the sealing plate;

[0009] The limiting device includes: a fixed ring seat, a rotating mechanism, a synchronous mechanism, and an adjustable limiting mechanism; the fixed ring seat is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing plate; the rotating mechanism is rotatably set at the bottom of the fixed ring seat; the synchronous mechanism is rotatably set inside the fixed ring seat; the adjustable limiting mechanism is slidably inserted at the edge of the fixed ring seat, and the adjustable limiting mechanism and the synchronous mechanism are engaged with each other. The rotation of the rotating mechanism is used to synchronously drive the rotation of multiple synchronous mechanisms to achieve synchronous promotion of the telescopic movement of multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing plate is a disc-shaped structure made of metal;

[0011] The rotating mechanism includes a gear ring, an elastic reset assembly and a push rod;

[0012] An annular groove is provided inside the fixed ring seat, and the gear ring is rotatably arranged inside the annular groove; a plurality of elastic reset components are connected to the inner side of the gear ring and are arranged in an annular array for elastic support of the gear ring; a push rod is connected to the bottom end of the gear ring and is slidably connected to the fixed ring seat.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic reset assembly includes an arc-shaped limiting rod, an interpenetrating slider and a spring;

[0014] The inner wall of the annular groove is provided with multiple sliding grooves in a circular array. The arc-shaped limit rod is fixedly installed inside the sliding groove, and the center of the arc-shaped limit rod coincides with the center of the gear ring; the interlaced slider is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gear ring, and is slidably interlaced with the arc-shaped limit rod; the spring is movably sleeved on the outside of the arc-shaped limit rod.

[0015] Preferably, the synchronization mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a gear column;

[0016] The rotating shaft is arranged inside the fixed ring seat in a vertically rotating manner; the gear column is inserted and arranged outside the rotating shaft, the bottom is engaged with the gear ring, and the top is engaged with the adjustable limit mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the adjustable limiting mechanism includes a sliding limiting seat, a rack portion, a guide plate and an adjusting assembly;

[0018] The sliding limit seat is connected to the fixed ring seat in a sliding manner, and the extension line intersects with the axis of the fixed ring seat; the rack part is integrated on the side of the sliding limit seat and meshes with the gear column; the guide plate is connected to the sliding limit seat in a sliding manner and is vertically slidably arranged inside the fixed ring seat; the adjustment component is threadedly connected to the guide plate and is used to adjust the height of the guide plate.

[0019] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a rotating rod, a rotating screw, a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt;

[0020] The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed ring seat; the rotating screw is connected to one end of the rotating rod, and is threadably connected to the guide plate through the nut seat, and is respectively inserted at both ends of the guide plate; the synchronous wheel is connected to the other end of the rotating rod; and the synchronous belt is set between the synchronous wheels.

[0021] Preferably, a handle is connected to the synchronous wheel;

[0022] The top and the bottom of the sliding limit seat are both provided with a through slot, and one of the rotating screw rods is slidably and interlacedly connected with the inner cavity of the through slot.

[0023] Preferably, it also includes a signal collector, a signal conditioning amplifier, a photoelectric converter, a high-frequency coaxial cable, a transmission optical fiber and a connecting cable; the signal collector and the composite sensing device are electrically connected to the signal conditioning amplifier and the photoelectric converter respectively; the signal collector is electrically connected to the signal conditioning amplifier and the photoelectric converter respectively through the connecting cable, the signal conditioning amplifier is connected to the composite sensing device through the high-frequency coaxial cable, and the photoelectric converter is electrically connected to the composite sensing device through the transmission optical fiber.

[0024] Preferably, the end of the transmission optical fiber is electrically connected to the optical fiber connector; the bottom of the feeding rod is connected to a UHF connector, and the UHF connector is electrically connected to the end of the high-frequency coaxial cable;

[0025] A base plate is installed at the bottom of the signal collector, and a supporting platform is installed on both sides of the base plate. The supporting platform is used to carry the signal conditioning amplifier and the photoelectric converter.

[0026] The second aspect of the present invention provides a detection method based on the above-mentioned GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor, comprising:

[0027] Step 1: Assemble the composite sensor and install it on the GIS;

[0028] Step 2: Based on the composite sensor assembled and set up in step 1, perform acoustic, optical and electrical combined detection on the GIS;

[0029] Step 3: Based on the detection result of step 2, determine whether partial discharge occurs in the GIS. If no partial discharge occurs, store the detection result data; otherwise, issue a GIS partial discharge alarm.

[0030] Step 4: Based on the alarm issued in step 3, repair the GIS and eliminate the alarm.

[0031] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0032] (1) The present invention utilizes a setting mode in which a sealing plate and a limiting device cooperate with each other. By pushing the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism is caused to rotate inside the fixed ring seat, thereby promoting the rotation of multiple synchronous mechanisms engaged therewith, thereby causing the synchronous mechanism to promote the storage movement of the adjustable limiting mechanisms engaged therewith, thereby allowing the multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms to be synchronously stored inside the fixed ring seat, and then the external bolts can be passed through the sealing plate and threadedly connected to the GIS equipment, and synchronously passed through the fixed ring seat through the multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms, thereby facilitating the simultaneous limiting of multiple bolts to prevent the bolts from loosening. At the same time, the adjustable limiting mechanism can be adjusted to achieve reasonable adjustment of the position of the sliding limiting seat according to the different thicknesses of the bolt heads, so as to ensure that the adjusted sliding limiting seat can contact and press the bolt heads, making it more flexible to use.

[0033] (2) The present invention utilizes a configuration mode in which a signal conditioning amplifier and a photoelectric converter are coordinated. The coordinated use of the photoelectric converter and the signal conditioning amplifier can give full play to the advantages of the two partial discharge detection methods, the optical method and the ultra-high frequency method, to achieve accurate detection of partial discharge inside the GIS. The complementarity of the optical and ultra-high frequency detection methods in detecting different defects can achieve full coverage of defect detection, solving the problem of "missed reports" of partial discharge on site. For example, the ultra-high frequency and ultrasonic methods are not sensitive to insulator defects, but the optical method can effectively detect these defects. The natural electromagnetic immunity characteristics of the optical detection method are used to make up for the shortcomings of the ultrasonic and ultra-high frequency methods that are easily affected by on-site interference, solving the problem of "false reports" of partial discharge, improving the operational reliability of the GIS, and ensuring the safe operation of the power grid.

[0034] (3) The present invention utilizes a configuration in which an optical fiber connector and a feed rod are matched. When a composite sensing device is used to detect partial discharge inside a GIS, two channels exist: an ultra-high frequency signal channel and an optical signal channel. The ultra-high frequency signal is transmitted via a high-frequency coaxial cable, amplified and filtered by a signal conditioning amplifier, and then measured by a signal collector. The optical signal is transmitted to a photoelectric converter via a transmission optical fiber, converted into an electrical signal, and then measured by a signal collector. By detecting both the optical and electrical physical signals generated by partial discharge, partial discharge can be detected, making the detection more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the composite sensor of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limiting device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the adjustable limiting mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the rotating mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal top view of the adjustable limiting mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the internal front structure of the adjustable limiting mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the fluorescent optical fiber of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is the discharge signal diagram of the present invention when the voltage is 53kV;

[0046] Figure 12 This is the discharge signal diagram of the present invention when the voltage is 69kV;

[0047] Figure 13 This is the discharge signal diagram of the present invention when the voltage is 90kV.

[0048] In the figure: 1. Signal collector; 2. Signal conditioning amplifier; 3. Photoelectric converter; 4. Composite sensor device; 41. Sealing plate; 42. Dielectric layer plate; 43. Upper plate; 44. Optical fiber connector; 45. Fluorescent optical fiber; 46. Feed rod; 47. Limiting device; 471. Fixed ring seat; 472. Rotating mechanism; 4721. Gear ring; 4722. Elastic reset assembly; 47221. Arc-shaped limiting rod; 47222. Inserting slider; 47 223. Spring; 4723. Push rod; 473. Synchronizing mechanism; 4731. Rotating shaft; 4732. Gear column; 474. Adjustable limit mechanism; 4741. Sliding limit seat; 4742. Rack; 4743. Guide plate; 4744. Adjustment assembly; 47441. Rotating rod; 47442. Rotating screw; 47443. Synchronizing wheel; 47444. Synchronous belt; 5. High-frequency coaxial cable; 6. Transmission optical fiber; 7. Connecting cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The present invention provides Figure 1-13The GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor shown includes: a signal collector 1, a signal conditioning amplifier 2, a photoelectric converter 3, a composite sensing device 4, a high-frequency coaxial cable 5, a transmission optical fiber 6 and a connecting cable 7. The signal collector 1 is electrically connected to the signal conditioning amplifier 2 and the photoelectric converter 3 respectively; the signal collector 1 is electrically connected to the signal conditioning amplifier 2 and the photoelectric converter 3 respectively through the connecting cable 7, the composite sensing device 4 is electrically connected to the signal conditioning amplifier 2 and the photoelectric converter 3 respectively, the composite sensing device 4 is installed on the GIS, the signal conditioning amplifier 2 is electrically connected to the composite sensing device 4 through the high-frequency coaxial cable 5, and the photoelectric converter 3 is electrically connected to the composite sensing device 4 through the transmission optical fiber 6.

[0051] The coordinated use of the photoelectric converter 3 and the signal conditioning amplifier 2 can give full play to the advantages of the two partial discharge detection methods, optical measurement and ultra-high frequency method, to achieve accurate detection of partial discharge inside the GIS. Through the complementarity of the effectiveness of optical and ultra-high frequency detection methods in detecting different defects, full coverage of defect detection is achieved, solving the problem of "missed report" of partial discharge on site. For example, ultra-high frequency and ultrasonic methods are not sensitive to insulator defects, but the optical method can effectively detect such defects. The natural electromagnetic immunity characteristics of the optical detection method are used to make up for the shortcomings of ultrasonic and ultra-high frequency methods that are easily affected by on-site interference, solving the problem of "false alarm" of partial discharge, improving the operational reliability of the GIS, and ensuring the safe operation of the power grid. When using the composite sensing device 4 to detect partial discharge inside the GIS, there are two channels, the ultra-high frequency signal channel and the optical signal channel. The ultra-high frequency signal is transmitted through the high-frequency coaxial cable 5, and then amplified and filtered by the signal conditioning amplifier 2 before being measured by the signal collector 1; the optical signal is transmitted to the photoelectric converter 3 using the transmission optical fiber 6, converted into an electrical signal and measured by the signal collector 1. By detecting the single physical signal of both light and electricity generated by partial discharge, partial discharge can be detected, making the detection more flexible.

[0052] Furthermore, the composite sensing device 4 includes: a sealing plate 41, a dielectric layer 42, an upper electrode 43, an optical fiber connector 44, a fluorescent optical fiber 45, a feeding rod 46 and a limiting device 47. The sealing plate 41 is a metal disc; the dielectric layer 42 is connected to the upper surface of the sealing plate 41; the upper electrode 43 is connected to the upper surface of the dielectric layer 42; the optical fiber connector 44 is inserted and installed on the side of the sealing plate 41, and the end of the transmission optical fiber 6 is electrically connected to the optical fiber connector 44; Figure 10As shown, the fluorescent optical fiber 45 is spirally embedded in the top of the upper pole plate 43, and one end of the fluorescent optical fiber 45 is connected to the optical fiber connector 44; the feeding rod 46 is inserted and installed in the middle of the sealing plate 41 and the dielectric layer plate 42, and the top of the feeding rod 46 is connected to the upper pole plate 43, and the bottom of the feeding rod 46 is connected to the ultra-high frequency connector, and the end of the high-frequency coaxial cable 5 is electrically connected to the ultra-high frequency connector; the limiting device 47 is installed on the lower surface of the sealing plate 41, and is used to limit multiple bolts at the same time. In a preferred but non-restrictive embodiment of the present invention, a filter is provided inside the signal conditioning amplifier 2, and a bandpass filter of 200MHz to 1500MHz is used to filter the signal of the ultra-high frequency channel, while eliminating the interference of low-frequency corona discharge signals and high-frequency communication signals in the air on the detection results.

[0053] In addition, the discharge signal from most defects is small and requires amplification. Therefore, a signal conditioning amplifier 2 with a 20dB gain is used to amplify the signal. The signal from the fluorescent fiber channel is first transmitted to the photoelectric converter 3 via transmission fiber 6. The resulting electrical signal is then transmitted to the signal collector 1 via connecting cable 7.

[0054] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the transmission optical fiber 6 is a 1mm diameter PMMA plastic optical fiber, matching the diameter of the detection fluorescent optical fiber 45, minimizing transmission losses. The optical signal generated by partial discharge is extremely weak, so a photomultiplier tube (PMT) with strong amplification capability is selected as the photoelectric converter 3. The PMT module is compact and requires only a ±5V or +5V voltage source for operation, resulting in a simple external circuit and making it ideal for field applications. Since the emission spectrum of the fluorescent optical fiber 45 is 422nm to 605nm, and the fluorescent optical fiber 45 uses a Hamamatsu H10722 series PMT module as the subsequent photoelectric conversion module, its detection spectrum range is 230nm to 870nm. This PMT module integrates a 1V / μA current-to-voltage converter.

[0055] The partial discharge signal under typical defects was tested on the physical equipment. The partial discharge signal detection results under the guide rod spike defect are as follows: Figure 11-13 As shown in Figure 2. For the guide rod spike defect, when the voltage increases to 53kV, the fluorescent fiber channel first detects the discharge signal, while the UHF channel does not detect the discharge signal. Figure 11 When the voltage is further increased to 69kV, the UHF channel of the composite sensor begins to detect signals, as shown in Figure 12 When the external voltage is high, both the fluorescent fiber and the UHF channel of the composite sensor detect strong discharge signals, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 13As shown in the figure, it can be seen that for the guide rod spike defect, the fluorescent fiber optic method has higher detection sensitivity than the UHF method.

[0056] Further, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a base plate is installed at the bottom of the signal collector 1, and supporting platforms are installed on both sides of the base plate. The supporting platforms are used to support the signal conditioning amplifier 2 and the photoelectric converter 3.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the limiting device 47 includes: a fixed ring seat 471, a rotating mechanism 472, a synchronization mechanism 473 and an adjustable limiting mechanism 474. The fixed ring seat 471 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing plate 41; the rotating mechanism 472 is rotatably set at the bottom of the fixed ring seat 471; multiple synchronization mechanisms 473 are rotatably set inside the fixed ring seat 471, and the multiple synchronization mechanisms 473 are arranged in a ring array; multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms 474 are slidably inserted at the edge of the fixed ring seat 471, and the multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms 474 are arranged in a ring array, and the adjustable limiting mechanisms 474 and the synchronization mechanisms 473 are engaged with each other, and the rotation of the rotating mechanism 472 is used to synchronously drive the rotation of the multiple synchronization mechanisms 473 Rotate to realize the synchronous promotion of the telescopic movement of multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms 474, and by pushing the rotating mechanism 472, the rotating mechanism 472 is rotated inside the fixed ring seat 471, thereby promoting the rotation of multiple synchronous mechanisms 473 engaged therewith, so that the synchronous mechanism 473 promotes the storage movement of the adjustable limiting mechanisms 474 engaged therewith, so that the multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms 474 can be synchronously stored in the interior of the fixed ring seat 471, and then the external bolts can be passed through the sealing plate 41 and threadedly connected to the GIS equipment, and synchronously pass through the fixed ring seat 471 through multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms 474, so as to facilitate the simultaneous limitation of multiple bolts to prevent the bolts from loosening.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 4 、 Figure 6As shown, the rotating mechanism 472 includes: a gear ring 4721, an elastic reset component 4722 and a push rod 4723. An annular groove is opened inside the fixed ring seat 471, and the gear ring 4721 is rotatably arranged inside the annular groove; multiple elastic reset components 4722 are connected to the inner side of the gear ring 4721, and the elastic reset components 4722 are arranged in an annular array, and the elastic reset component 4722 is used to elastically support the gear ring 4721; the push rod 4723 is connected to the bottom end of the gear ring 4721, and the push rod 4723 is slidably connected with the fixed ring seat 471. By pushing the push rod 4723, the push rod 4723 can push the gear ring 4721, so that the gear ring 4721 rotates at the bottom of the fixed ring seat 471, thereby making the rotation of the gear ring 4721 drive the synchronous rotation of multiple gear columns 4732 at the same time.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown, the elastic reset assembly 4722 includes: an arc-shaped limit rod 47221, an interlaced slider 47222 and a spring 47223. The inner side wall of the annular groove is provided with a plurality of slide grooves in an annular array. The arc-shaped limit rod 47221 is fixedly installed inside the slide groove, and the center of the arc-shaped limit rod 47221 coincides with the center of the gear ring 4721; the interlaced slider 47222 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gear ring 4721, and the interlaced slider 47222 is slidably interlaced with the arc-shaped limit rod 47221; the spring 47223 is movably sleeved on the outside of the arc-shaped limit rod 47221. When the gear ring 4721 rotates, it will synchronously drive the synchronous rotation of the plurality of interlaced sliders 47222. The sliding and interlacing between the limiting rod 47221 and the interlaced slider 47222 facilitates the limiting of the sliding of the interlaced slider 47222, making the sliding of the interlaced slider 47222 more stable. When the interlaced slider 47222 slides in the direction of the spring 47223, the spring 47223 will be squeezed and deformed, thereby facilitating further compression of the spring 47223. When the external force applied to the push rod 4723 is relaxed, the elastic support of the interlaced slider 47222 by the spring 47223 can reset the position of the gear ring 4721, so that the adjustable limiting mechanism 474 remains in a protruding state relative to the fixed ring seat 471, thereby limiting the nut inserted on the sealing plate 41.

[0060] Further, such as Figure 8As shown, the synchronization mechanism 473 includes: a rotating shaft 4731 and a gear column 4732. The rotating shaft 4731 is vertically rotatably arranged inside the fixed ring seat 471; the gear column 4732 is inserted into the outside of the rotating shaft 4731, and the bottom of the gear column 4732 is engaged with the gear ring 4721, and the top of the gear column 4732 is engaged with the adjustable limiting mechanism 474. Through the limitation of the rotating shaft 4731, the rotation of the gear column 4732 inside the fixed ring seat 471 is more stable. By simultaneously engaging the gear column 4732 with the rack portion 4742 and the gear ring 4721, the rotation of the gear ring 4721 can simultaneously promote the linear motion of multiple rack portions 4742.

[0061] Further, such as Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown, the adjustable limiting mechanism 474 includes: a sliding limiting seat 4741, a rack portion 4742, a guide plate 4743 and an adjusting assembly 4744. The sliding limiting seat 4741 is slidably connected to the fixed ring seat 471, and the extension line of the sliding limiting seat 4741 intersects with the axis of the fixed ring seat 471; the rack portion 4742 is integrally arranged on the side of the sliding limiting seat 4741, and the rack portion 4742 and the gear column 4732 are meshed with each other; the guide plate 4743 is slidably connected to the sliding limiting seat 4741, and the guide plate 4743 is vertically slidably arranged inside the fixed ring seat 471; the adjusting assembly 4744 is connected to the guide plate 4743. 743 threaded connection, the adjustment component 4744 is used to adjust the height of the guide plate 4743, and it passes through the sliding limit seat 4741 relative to the fixed ring seat 471 and is in a protruding state, so as to facilitate the extrusion and limitation of the position of the bolt head inserted on the sealing plate 41 to prevent the bolt from loosening, and through the engagement between the rack part 4742 and the gear column 4732, it is convenient to convert the form of movement, and convert the rotation of the gear column 4732 into the linear motion of the rack part 4742, and through the sliding insertion between the guide plate 4743 and the sliding limit seat 4741, the insertion and sliding of the sliding limit seat 4741 is made more stable.

[0062] Furthermore, the adjustment component 4744 includes: a rotating rod 47441, a rotating screw rod 47442, a synchronous wheel 47443 and a synchronous belt 47444. The rotating rod 47441 is rotatably and interlacedly connected to the bottom of the fixed ring seat 471; the rotating screw rod 47442 is connected to one end of the rotating rod 47441, and the rotating screw rod 47442 is threadedly interlaced with the guide plate 4743 through the nut seat, and the rotating screw rod 47442 is respectively interlaced and arranged at both ends of the guide plate 4743; the synchronous wheel 47443 is connected to the other end of the rotating rod 47441, and a handle is connected to one of the synchronous wheels 47443; the synchronous belt 47444 is arranged between the synchronous wheels 47443. The top and bottom of the sliding limit seat 4741 are provided with a through slot, and one of the rotating screw rods 47442 is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the through slot. By turning the handle, the handle drives a synchronous wheel 47443 to rotate, and is connected between the two synchronous wheels 47443 through a synchronous belt 47444, so as to facilitate the synchronous rotation of the two synchronous wheels 47443, and also make the rotating rod 47441 able to rotate synchronously, so as to drive the synchronous rotation of the two rotating screw rods 47442. Through the threaded insertion between the rotating screw rod 47442 and the guide plate 4743, the threaded insertion of the rotating screw rod 47442 can stably drive the guide plate 4743 to move up and down, so as to adjust the height of the sliding limit seat 4741 relative to the fixed ring seat 471, so as to adjust the position of the sliding limit seat 4741 according to the thickness of the bolt head.

[0063] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a detection method based on the above-mentioned GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor, including:

[0064] Step 1: Assemble the composite sensor and install it on the GIS;

[0065] Step 2: Based on the composite sensor assembled and set up in step 1, perform acoustic, optical and electrical combined detection on the GIS;

[0066] Step 3: Based on the detection result of step 2, determine whether partial discharge occurs in the GIS. If no partial discharge occurs, store the detection result data; otherwise, issue a GIS partial discharge alarm.

[0067] Step 4: Based on the alarm issued in step 3, repair the GIS and eliminate the alarm.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS partial discharge acoustic and photoelectric combined detection composite sensor, characterized in that: include: A composite sensing device (4) installed on a GIS, the composite sensing device (4) comprising: a sealing plate (41), a dielectric layer plate (42), an upper electrode plate (43), an optical fiber connector (44), a fluorescent optical fiber (45), a feeding rod (46) and a limiting device (47); the dielectric layer plate (42) is connected to the upper surface of the sealing plate (41); the upper electrode plate (43) is connected to the upper surface of the dielectric layer plate (42); the optical fiber connector (44) is inserted and installed on the side of the sealing plate (41); the fluorescent optical fiber (45) is embedded in the top of the upper electrode plate (43) and connected to the optical fiber connector (44); the feeding rod (46) is inserted and installed in the middle of the sealing plate (41) and the dielectric layer plate (42), the top of the feeding rod is connected to the upper electrode plate (43), and the limiting device (47) is provided. The device (47) is installed on the lower surface of the sealing plate (41); the limiting device (47) includes: a fixed ring seat (471), a rotating mechanism (472), a synchronization mechanism (473) and an adjustable limiting mechanism (474); the fixed ring seat (471) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing plate (41); the rotating mechanism (472) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the fixed ring seat (471); the synchronization mechanism (473) is rotatably arranged inside the fixed ring seat (471); the adjustable limiting mechanism (474) is slidably inserted at the edge of the fixed ring seat (471), the adjustable limiting mechanism (474) and the synchronization mechanism (473) are engaged with each other, and the rotation of the rotating mechanism (472) is used to synchronously drive multiple synchronization mechanisms (474). 3) to achieve synchronous promotion of the telescopic movement of multiple adjustable limit mechanisms (474); the rotating mechanism (472) includes a gear ring (4721), an elastic reset component (4722) and a push rod (4723); an annular groove is provided inside the fixed ring seat (471), and the gear ring (4721) is rotatably arranged inside the annular groove; multiple elastic reset components (4722) are connected to the inner side of the gear ring (4721) and are arranged in an annular array for elastic support of the gear ring (4721); the push rod (4723) is connected to the bottom end of the gear ring (4721) and is slidably connected to the fixed ring seat (471); the synchronization mechanism (473) includes a rotating shaft (4731) and a gear column (4732) The rotating shaft (4731) is vertically rotatable and arranged inside the fixed ring seat (471); the gear column (4732) is inserted and arranged outside the rotating shaft (4731), the bottom is meshed with the gear ring (4721), and the top is meshed with the adjustable limiting mechanism (474); the adjustable limiting mechanism (474) includes a sliding limiting seat (4741), a rack portion (4742), a guide plate (4743) and an adjustment component (4744); the sliding limiting seat (4741) is slidably inserted and connected with the fixed ring seat (471), and the extension line intersects with the axis of the fixed ring seat (471); the rack portion (4742) is integrally arranged on the side of the sliding limiting seat (4741) and meshed with the gear column (4732);The guide plate (4743) is connected to the sliding limit seat (4741) by sliding and interpenetrating, and is vertically slidably arranged inside the fixed ring seat (471); the adjustment component (4744) is connected to the guide plate (4743) by threaded interpenetration, and is used to adjust the height of the guide plate (4743).

2. The GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sealing plate (41) is a disc-shaped structure made of metal.

3. The GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor according to claim 2 is characterized by: The elastic reset assembly (4722) includes an arc-shaped limiting rod (47221), an interlaced slider (47222) and a spring (47223); The inner wall of the annular groove is provided with a plurality of slide grooves in an annular array, and the arc-shaped limit rod (47221) is fixedly installed inside the slide groove, and the center of the arc-shaped limit rod (47221) coincides with the center of the gear ring (4721); the interlaced slider (47222) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gear ring (4721) and is slidably interlaced with the arc-shaped limit rod (47221); and the spring (47223) is movably sleeved on the outside of the arc-shaped limit rod (47221).

4. The GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor according to claim 1 is characterized by: The adjustment assembly (4744) includes a rotating rod (47441), a rotating screw (47442), a synchronous wheel (47443) and a synchronous belt (47444); The rotating rod (47441) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed ring seat (471); the rotating screw (47442) is connected to one end of the rotating rod (47441), and is threadably connected to the guide plate (4743) through a nut seat, and is respectively inserted at both ends of the guide plate (4743); the synchronous wheel (47443) is connected to the other end of the rotating rod (47441); and the synchronous belt (47444) is arranged between the synchronous wheels (47443).

5. The GIS partial discharge acoustic-photoelectric combined detection composite sensor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A handle is connected to the synchronous wheel (47443); The top and bottom of the sliding limit seat (4741) are both provided with through slots, and one of the rotating screw rods (47442) is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the through slot.

6. The GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a signal collector (1), a signal conditioning amplifier (2), a photoelectric converter (3), a high-frequency coaxial cable (5), a transmission optical fiber (6) and a connecting cable (7); the signal collector (1) and the composite sensing device (4) are electrically connected to the signal conditioning amplifier (2) and the photoelectric converter (3) respectively; The signal collector (1) is electrically connected to the signal conditioning amplifier (2) and the photoelectric converter (3) through a connecting cable (7), the signal conditioning amplifier (2) is connected to the composite sensing device (4) through a high-frequency coaxial cable (5), and the photoelectric converter (3) is electrically connected to the composite sensing device (4) through a transmission optical fiber (6).

7. The GIS partial discharge acoustic-photoelectric combined detection composite sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the transmission optical fiber (6) is electrically connected to the optical fiber connector (44); the bottom of the feed rod (46) is connected to a UHF connector, and the UHF connector is electrically connected to the end of the high-frequency coaxial cable (5); A base plate is installed at the bottom of the signal collector (1), and supporting platforms are installed on both sides of the base plate. The supporting platforms are used to support the signal conditioning amplifier (2) and the photoelectric converter (3).

8. A detection method based on the GIS partial discharge acoustic, photoelectric and combined detection composite sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Assemble the composite sensor, pass the external bolts through the sealing plate and connect them to the GIS equipment through threads, and use multiple adjustable limiting mechanisms to simultaneously pass through the fixed ring seat to limit multiple bolts at the same time; Step 2: Based on the composite sensor assembled and set up in step 1, perform acoustic, optical and electrical combined detection on the GIS; Step 3: Based on the detection result of step 2, determine whether partial discharge occurs in the GIS. If no partial discharge occurs, store the detection result data; otherwise, issue a GIS partial discharge alarm. Step 4: Based on the alarm issued in step 3, repair the GIS and eliminate the alarm.

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