Power wire fault monitoring system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power conductor fault monitoring, in particular to a power conductor fault monitoring system, which comprises an on-off monitoring module used for receiving a reflected signal when a power conductor has a fault and acquiring the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal; determining the on-off type of the power wire when the power wire has a fault; the breakpoint identification module is used for identifying a target area where a breakpoint exists by using a Fresnel end face reflection scheme, and performing breakpoint position change analysis by taking a transmission path of an optical fiber in the target area as a fixed quantity and taking the position of a temporary access point as a variable to obtain a path parameter set; the breakpoint positioning module is used for distinguishing the fault type of the breakpoint according to the path parameter set, identifying a corresponding joint and optical fiber loss on a transmission path when the breakpoint is determined to have the corresponding transmission path, and acquiring a link response data flow of the transmission path; the reliability and efficiency of the power wire are improved, and stable operation of a power system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power conductor fault monitoring, in particular to a power conductor fault monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] In the optical fiber communication transmission network including long-distance buried optical cables, submarine optical cables, and suspended optical cables, abnormal situations often occur, such as surrounding artificial excavation damage, earthquake typhoon natural disasters, or internal abnormalities. Therefore, real-time monitoring of optical cables is required in such optical fiber communication transmission networks. However, so far, there is still a lack of fault prediction mechanism or an effective solution for active monitoring of multi-span long-distance optical fiber links compatible with optical communication networks, making it difficult to monitor abnormal situations of long-distance optical cables in real time. In addition, in order to maintain high reliability, the existing optical communication system needs to adopt a very conservative deployment strategy on network hardware and leave a large performance boundary on the communication link, such as using a large bandwidth system while only occupying a small part of the bandwidth resources, resulting in a high redundancy. Some existing fault detection technologies mostly use optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) technology based on backscattering and sensing technology based on double-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer, but they all have their own defects and cannot be well applied to commercial communication optical cables.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent publication number CN110166117A discloses a long-distance dual-path optical fiber unidirectional transmission fault monitoring system, comprising: a laser, an optical coupler, a fault monitoring end and a long-distance multi-fiber optical cable module including a fault point; the long-distance multi-fiber optical cable module comprises a long-distance multi-fiber optical cable, the long-distance multi-fiber optical cable comprises N optical fibers, N≥2, and the laser is connected to the input end of the optical coupler; at the head end of the long-distance multi-fiber optical cable, the first output end of the optical coupler is connected to one end of the first optical fiber in the long-distance multi-fiber optical cable; at the tail end of the long-distance multi-fiber optical cable, the other end of the first optical fiber is connected to the other end of the second optical fiber; at the head end of the long-distance multi-fiber optical cable, in DSP processing, high-precision multi-point vibration positioning of the fault in the optical cable can be obtained according to the time difference between the two phase modulations of the detection light.

[0004] The existing technology locates the faulty optical fiber by using multiple and multi-point vibrations. However, in the scenario of using optical fiber over long distances, it is easy to have difficulty in use. At the same time, the existing technology does not conduct a multi-faceted evaluation of the current fault point and quantify the problem of the current fault point. As a result, when the corresponding optical fiber is interrupted, the problem cannot be discovered in time, and the optical fiber transmission cannot be switched, resulting in difficulty in optical fiber monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a power conductor fault monitoring system, including: a continuity monitoring module, used to receive the reflected signal when the power conductor fails, obtain the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal; and determine the continuity type when the power conductor fails.

[0006] The breakpoint identification module is used to use the Fresnel end face reflection scheme to identify the target area where the breakpoint exists, take the transmission path of the optical fiber in the target area as a quantity, take the position of the temporary access point as a variable, perform breakpoint position change analysis, and obtain a path parameter set.

[0007] The breakpoint positioning module is used to distinguish the fault type of the breakpoint according to the path parameter set, and when the breakpoint occurs on the corresponding transmission path, identify the corresponding connector and optical fiber loss on the transmission path, and obtain the link response data stream of the transmission path.

[0008] The optimization analysis module is used to optimize and analyze the occurrence status of the interruption point according to the link response data flow, determine the target on-off optimization parameters, and perform alarm control on the fault of the power conductor based on the target on-off optimization parameters.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention receives the reflected signal when the power conductor fails, obtains the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal in real time, and quickly determines the on-off type of the power conductor; uses the characteristic information in the historical data to quickly classify the fault type of the power conductor, thereby improving the speed and accuracy of fault detection.

[0010] 2. The present invention uses a Fresnel end-face reflection scheme to identify the target area where the interruption point exists, and determines the location of the interruption point by analyzing the characteristics of the reflected signal; according to the path parameter set, the fault type of the interruption point is distinguished, and the connectors, optical fiber loss and other information on the transmission path are identified to improve the accuracy of fault location.

[0011] 3. The present invention calculates the severity and impact range of the interruption to obtain the impact value of the interruption point, and determines multiple optimization targets based on the impact value; determines the most relevant data by comparing the fault impact set with the data transmission set to provide a basis for optimization measures; and obtains specific optimization parameters by matching the optimization target with the link response data stream to guide fault handling and system optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 The system framework diagram of a power conductor fault monitoring system.

[0014] Figure 2The present invention is a system schematic diagram of a power conductor fault monitoring system.

[0015] Figure 3 The invention discloses a flow chart of determining the on-off type of a power conductor when a fault occurs in the on-off monitoring module of a power conductor fault monitoring system.

[0016] Figure 4 The invention is a flow chart of identifying a target area where a breakpoint exists in a breakpoint identification module of a power conductor fault monitoring system.

[0017] Figure 5 The invention is a flow diagram of a link reaction data flow of a transmission path in a breakpoint location module of a power conductor fault monitoring system.

[0018] Figure 6 The invention is a flow chart of target on-off optimization parameters in an optimization analysis module of a power conductor fault monitoring system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or the product specifications are used.

[0020] See also Figure 1 A power conductor fault monitoring system includes: a continuity monitoring module, a breakpoint identification module, a breakpoint positioning module, and an optimization analysis module. The continuity monitoring module transmits the acquired data to the breakpoint identification module, and the breakpoint identification module inputs the corresponding breakpoint into the breakpoint positioning module. According to the processing of the breakpoint positioning module, the corresponding data is transmitted to the optimization analysis module to complete the monitoring and processing of the breakpoint.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the implementation methods of the corresponding on-off monitoring module, breakpoint identification module, breakpoint positioning module, and optimization analysis module are shown below.

[0022] The on-off monitoring module is used to receive the reflected signal when the power conductor fails, obtain the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal, and determine the on-off type when the power conductor fails.

[0023] The breakpoint identification module is used to use the Fresnel end face reflection scheme to identify the target area where the breakpoint exists, take the transmission path of the optical fiber in the target area as a quantity, take the position of the temporary access point as a variable, perform breakpoint position change analysis, and obtain a path parameter set.

[0024] The breakpoint location module is used to distinguish the fault type of the breakpoint according to the path parameter set, and when the breakpoint occurs in the corresponding transmission path, identify the corresponding connector and optical fiber loss on the transmission path, and obtain the link response data flow of the transmission path;

[0025] The optimization analysis module is used to optimize and analyze the occurrence status of the interruption point according to the link response data flow, determine the target on-off optimization parameters, and perform alarm control on the fault of the power conductor based on the target on-off optimization parameters.

[0026] The on-off types include complete break (such as physical break in optical fiber), partial break (such as partial signal loss caused by loose connector) or other forms of connection problems; different types of on-off will cause different characteristics of the reflected signal tested at this time. For example, the intensity change value and time delay of the reflected signal will take values ​​in different ranges under different on-off types. When a problem occurs, the corresponding position can be located according to the intensity and time delay of the reflected signal at this time to find the point where the problem occurs; the on-off type mainly refers to the physical connection status of the power conductor, and focuses on whether the conductor is continuous (that is, whether there is an interruption) and the degree of the interruption.

[0027] The Fresnel end-face reflection scheme mentioned in the present invention mainly uses the OTDR device to generate light pulses and receive reflected signals. The presence of on-off and the location of on-off are determined based on the intensity change of the reflected signal (usually Fresnel reflection is stronger) and time delay (calculated distance). The reflected signal processed at this time is the corresponding OTDR curve.

[0028] In the present invention, the method of performing fault monitoring on the power conductor is to complete the state monitoring of the power conductor by monitoring the state of the optical fiber arranged in the power conductor, so that the point where the problem occurs and the corresponding problem type can be known.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the implementation method of determining the on-off type when a power conductor fails in the on-off monitoring module is as follows.

[0030] According to the key attributes of the power conductors, an on-off classifier of the power conductors is constructed, and the power conductors are classified and represented by the on-off classifier to determine the characteristic information of the power conductors.

[0031] A type feature library of power conductors is obtained, where the type feature library contains on / off types when power conductors fail in historical data and feature information corresponding to the on / off types.

[0032] The characteristic information of the power conductor and the type characteristic library are used to calculate the attribute similarity set, and the attribute feature set within the preset similarity threshold is obtained by screening based on the attribute similarity set.

[0033] According to the obtained attribute feature set, the on-off classifier of the power conductor is adjusted to determine the on-off type at this time.

[0034] The key properties of power conductors can be expressed as reflected signal strength, time delay, loss characteristics, and environmental factors.

[0035] The above-mentioned reflected signal strength is the strength of the reflected signal generated by the optical pulse emitted by the OTDR or similar equipment when it encounters an obstacle (such as a break, a bad joint, etc.); the strength of the reflected signal can indicate the severity of the fault. For example, a strong reflection may indicate a complete break, while a weaker reflection may indicate a partial break or a loose joint.

[0036] The above time delay represents the time difference between the emission and return of the optical pulse; the time delay can be directly converted into distance, thereby determining the specific location of the fault point.

[0037] The loss characteristics described above represent the attenuation of the optical fiber along its length; changes in loss can help identify cable aging, corrosion, or other types of damage.

[0038] The above environmental factors include environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and mechanical stress; these factors can affect the performance of the optical fiber, and thus affect the state of the power conductor. For example, temperature changes may cause the expansion or contraction of the optical fiber, thereby affecting signal transmission.

[0039] The characteristic information of the power conductor and the characteristic information corresponding to the on-off type can be expressed as characteristic information of reflection mode, loss distribution, and frequency domain analysis. This information will determine the possible on-off type at this time according to the value recognized at this time and the corresponding value in the historical data.

[0040] The reflection pattern is the waveform characteristics of the reflection signal, including peak height, width and other morphological characteristics; different types of faults will result in different reflection patterns; for example, a complete break will produce a sharp high reflection peak, while local damage may produce a more gentle reflection.

[0041] Loss profile is a plot of the loss distribution along the length of the fiber; loss profile can help identify weak spots in the cable, such as aged or damaged areas.

[0042] Frequency domain analysis is to perform Fourier transform on the reflected signal to obtain frequency domain features; frequency domain analysis can help identify anomalies at specific frequencies, which is particularly important for certain types of faults (such as damage caused by vibration); at this time, the type feature library contains these feature information.

[0043] The method of calculating the attribute similarity set is to use the characteristic information of the power conductor and the type feature library as input to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient. At this time, the preset similarity threshold is set to 0.7, and the content with a Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.7 is taken as the attribute feature set.

[0044] According to the obtained attribute feature set, the on-off classifier of the power conductor is adjusted to determine the on-off type at this time. The implementation method includes the following methods.

[0045] The attribute feature set is analyzed according to the on-off classifier to obtain a mapping relationship between the on-off classification and the attribute feature set.

[0046] The feature weight factor is obtained according to the attribute similarity set, the feature weight factor is adjusted based on the mapping relationship between the on-off classification and the attribute feature set, and the on-off type is output.

[0047] The mapping relationship between the on-off classification and the attribute feature set is determined by fusing the attribute feature set with the on-off classifier at this time, fusing the value of each key attribute in the on-off classifier with the attribute feature set by interpolation, calculating the moving average of the values ​​under the key attributes in turn, and inserting the moving average into the attribute feature set in proportion to the number of data in the attribute feature set, so as to obtain the mapping relationship between the on-off classification and the attribute feature set.

[0048] When obtaining the feature weight factor according to the attribute similarity set, the feature weight factor is set according to the attribute similarity calculated under each key attribute in the attribute similarity set, and the feature weight factor is weighted and averaged with the corresponding numerical value in the mapping relationship between the on-off classification and the attribute feature set. When the weighted average value differs from the average value of the key attribute in the historical data by less than 5%, the feature weight factor is not adjusted; when the weighted average value differs from the average value of the key attribute in the historical data by more than 5%, the feature weight factor is adjusted by adding the ratio of the current feature weight factor to the sum of all weight factors and multiplying it by the adjustment factor. At this time, the adjustment factor is set to 0.2 until the difference ratio is less than 5%; according to the corresponding data of the maximum feature weight factor, the on-off type at this time is obtained.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, in order to identify the target area where the breakpoint exists, the breakpoint identification module uses the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal as constraints according to the identified on-off type to construct the target area where the breakpoint currently exists.

[0050] At this time, the target area where the problem may occur is determined mainly by selecting the type of on-off that occurs at this time and combining the form of change in the reflected signal strength at this time, and the approximate location of the interruption point is calculated based on the obtained time delay.

[0051] At this time, in order to determine the change of the interruption point, after calculating the corresponding distance, the points where there may be problems will be marked on the power conductor, and the coordinate values ​​will be set to determine the corresponding position of the interruption point. At the same time, it is determined whether the position of the current interruption point changes after the temporary access point is tested at different positions, so as to determine the specific location of the interruption point on the corresponding path and the situation of the path, so as to complete the monitoring and processing of the power conductor.

[0052] At this time, the method for identifying the target area where the interruption point exists is to extract the first performance feature and the second performance feature from the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal. The first performance feature is used to select the reflection intensity of the reflected signal and extract the data with frequent changes in the reflection intensity; the second performance feature is used to select the data with abnormal performance in the time delay and obtain the data exceeding the normal time delay. At this time, the relevant data of the reflected signal is obtained through testing. Then, when the time delay determines the approximate interruption point for the first time, the multiple data subsequently read at this position should meet the normal return time. If a time delay exceeding the normal time occurs, it means that the type of on-off identified at this time may not only be a physical connection problem; at the same time, when the intensity change of the reflected signal will maintain a certain degree of change, when the interruption point or other problems are identified, the reflection intensity at this time will appear to be significantly larger or smaller, or the frequency and size of the change will change. At this time, the first performance feature is used to select this part of the data to filter out the data that can assist in calculating the position of the interruption point.

[0053] For the first performance feature, the maximum value and the minimum value of the reflection intensity in the first performance feature are obtained, and the extreme value variation range of the reflection intensity is determined.

[0054] For the second performance feature, a time delay peak value and a time delay variation value in the second performance feature are determined.

[0055] The first expression feature is compared with the second expression feature to obtain a target area corresponding to the interruption point.

[0056] The above extreme value change amplitude is obtained by calculating the ratio of the difference between multiple consecutive maximum and minimum values ​​to the corresponding average values ​​of the maximum and minimum values, and judging the maximum and minimum values ​​corresponding to the corresponding extreme value change amplitude, and determining whether it exceeds the preset standard at this time, to identify the problem data in the first performance feature, to obtain the target area to be processed, and the preset standard is selected as 0.2 at this time. When the extreme value change amplitude exceeds 0.2 at this time, the data corresponding to the current extreme value change amplitude is used as the target area for identifying the breakpoint; at this time, the first performance feature tends to find the area where the breakpoint may exist; the second performance feature tends to find the approximate location of the breakpoint, and combining the two contents can know the target area corresponding to the breakpoint.

[0057] The time delay peak in the second performance characteristic refers to an obvious reflection peak or attenuation point that appears on the OTDR curve; this peak indicates signal reflection or loss at a certain position in the optical fiber; the peak usually corresponds to a specific event in the optical fiber, such as a breakpoint, joint, bend or other defect; the time delay peak is determined by obtaining the maximum value of the reflection peak in the OTDR curve, so as to obtain the approximate position of the current breakpoint; for example, a peak appears at 50ns, then the position of the breakpoint can be 50ns×200000km / s÷2=5m, so that the corresponding position of the breakpoint at this time can be known.

[0058] When monitoring a long power conductor, multiple measuring devices may be arranged in equal proportion to determine whether there is a discontinuity point at the relative position of the power conductor.

[0059] The time delay variation value is used to compare the difference between the interruption points occurring at this time in different on-off types, or in the case of abnormalities, to determine the difference between different time points in the same abnormality.

[0060] The implementation method for comparing the first performance feature with the second performance feature is to use the data in the first performance feature whose extreme value change amplitude is greater than the preset standard as the first comparison set, and determine whether there is data corresponding to the first comparison set in the second performance feature. If so, the corresponding data is output as the target area; if not, the data corresponding to the maximum value of the time delay change value and the data corresponding to the first comparison set are output as the target area.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the implementation of the breakpoint position change analysis is as follows.

[0062] The target area is detected using a temporary access point to determine the position change trajectory of the interruption point in the target area, and the position change trajectory of the interruption point is used as the output path parameter set.

[0063] The position change trajectory is represented by using the temporary access point to calculate the coordinate value of the interruption point, and using the distance value to describe the change of the coordinate value of the interruption point at this time. The distance value selected at this time can be based on a temporary access point that is always located on one side of the interruption point as a standard point, and the distance between the interruption point and the temporary access point is calculated. The distance values ​​calculated at this time are sorted according to time to identify the position change trajectory at this time.

[0064] At this time, when outputting the position change trajectory of the corresponding interruption point, not only the corresponding position is output, but also the transmission path where the corresponding position is located, so that the path for processing the interruption point can be determined according to the path parameter set, and how to adjust the power conductors to prevent regional communication problems in a large range due to problems with some conductors.

[0065] The path parameter set output at this time includes the distance of the temporary access point of the output interruption point, the position of the interruption point, the transmission path corresponding to the interruption point, and the intensity change and time delay corresponding data of the reflected signal identified at the corresponding interruption point in the target area at this time; to fully describe the specific situation of the interruption point output at this time, so as to facilitate the subsequent processing using the path parameter set.

[0066] In the present invention, the fault type refers to the specific cause or fault mode that causes the problem in the power conductor. The fault type provides more detailed fault information to help determine the specific fault location and nature. Common fault types include: breakage, loose joints, corrosion, insulation damage, water immersion, mechanical damage, etc. The fault type is determined by comparing the path parameter set with the fault database to determine the fault type corresponding to the path parameter set, so as to determine the main problem of the power conductor at this time.

[0067] Break: The wire breaks completely, interrupting the circuit.

[0068] Loose connectors: Poor contact at wire connectors can cause intermittent electrical problems.

[0069] Corrosion: The conductor corrodes due to environmental factors (such as humidity, chemicals, etc.), resulting in a decrease in conductivity.

[0070] Insulation damage: Damage to the insulation layer may cause short circuit or leakage.

[0071] Water immersion: The wire is immersed in water, causing the electrical performance to deteriorate.

[0072] Mechanical damage: The wire is hit or squeezed by external force, causing physical damage.

[0073] At this time, the implementation method of distinguishing the fault type of the interruption point according to the path parameter set is: searching the path parameter set and the fault database, setting a fault label for each interruption point that appears, such as; comparing the parameters in the path parameter set with the parameters corresponding to each fault type one by one to determine the fault label of the interruption point at this time; the fault label set for the interruption point at this time is the fault type of the interruption point.

[0074] For example, the reflection intensity in the path parameter set is used as the criterion for judgment at this time, and the maximum value, minimum value, and difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the reflection intensity are obtained in turn. When the maximum value of the reflection intensity is greater than 0.8 and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is greater than 0.6, it is considered that there is a fracture, and the fracture is used as the fault type of the break point at this time; when the maximum value of the reflection intensity is between 0.5 and 0.8 and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is between 0.3 and 0.6, the break point fault type is set to loose joint; when the maximum value of the reflection intensity is between 0.3 and 0.5 and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is less than 0.3, the break point fault type is set to bending or extrusion; when the maximum value of the reflection intensity is between 0.5 and 0.8 and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is less than 0.3, the break point fault type is set to corrosion or damage. In this way, the corresponding fault type is obtained, and multiple parameters in the path parameter set are combined to improve the description of the fault type.

[0075] For the joints on the transmission path, the position of the joint can be located by finding the position of the peak in the reflected signal. The optical fiber loss can be identified by identifying the downward trend of the reflected signal.

[0076] Then the link reaction data stream of the transmission path is used to determine the possible loss values ​​on the current transmission path and the adjustment plan required for the current transmission path. At this time, the link reaction data stream refers to the corresponding interruption point and fault type on the transmission path obtained, and determines whether the connector and optical fiber loss on the transmission path will change accordingly when the location of the interruption point and the fault type change, so as to verify the degree of influence of the interruption point on the transmission path.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the implementation methods of acquiring the link response data flow of the transmission path include the following methods.

[0078] According to the fault type of the interruption point, a first fault coefficient is configured for the transmission path.

[0079] According to the received reflected signal, the connector and optical fiber loss on the transmission path are identified, and the second fault coefficient corresponding to the transmission path is set.

[0080] According to the location of the interruption point, a third fault coefficient is set for the transmission path.

[0081] Among them, the first fault coefficient is used to describe the parameters corresponding to the fault type of the current interruption point, the second fault coefficient is used to describe the coefficient of the ratio of the values ​​corresponding to the joint and optical fiber loss to the average value in the historical data; the third fault coefficient is used to describe the coefficient of the impact of the current interruption point location on the transmission path.

[0082] A fault influence set of the interruption point is determined according to the first fault coefficient, the second fault coefficient, and the third fault coefficient.

[0083] The data transmission amount on the current transmission path and the backup transmission path are obtained as a data transmission set.

[0084] The fault impact set is compared with the data transmission set, and the comparison result is output as a link response data stream of the transmission path.

[0085] The above-mentioned first failure coefficient is expressed as follows.

[0086] F1=Kt×Ft; wherein, F1 represents the first fault coefficient, Kt represents the fault type coefficient, such as short circuit, open circuit, signal attenuation, etc.; Ft represents the fault degree factor, which is determined according to the severity of the fault, such as minor, moderate, severe, etc.

[0087] The second failure coefficient is expressed as follows.

[0088] F2=(Lactual / Lavg)×(Dloss / Davg); where F2 represents the second fault coefficient, Lactual represents the actual value of the connector and optical fiber loss, and L avg Indicates the average value of connector and fiber loss in historical data, D loss Indicates the degree of deviation of connector and optical fiber loss from the average value, D avg Indicates the average degree of deviation in historical data.

[0089] The above-mentioned deviation degree is expressed as follows.

[0090] Among them, L σ Indicates the standard deviation of connector and optical fiber loss.

[0091] The third failure coefficient is expressed as follows.

[0092] F3=P position ×I Impact ; Where F3 represents the third fault coefficient, P position The position factor of the interruption point in the transmission path, I ImpactIt is expressed as the ratio of the interruption point to the temporary access point. This ratio is obtained by dividing the ratio of the interruption point and the temporary access point to the entire transmission path. The transmission path selected at this time; it represents the influence factor of the interruption point on the transmission path, which is determined according to the influence of the interruption point position on the path.

[0093] For the fault influence set, the first fault coefficient, the second fault coefficient and the third fault coefficient are combined to obtain a data set that can comprehensively display the fault; the fault influence set FI is expressed as FI = {F1, F2, F3}.

[0094] The data transmission set indicates the data transmission volume (such as Mbps, Gbps, etc.) on the current transmission path and the information of the backup transmission path (such as whether it exists, transmission capacity, etc.).

[0095] When comparing the fault impact set with the data transmission set, the comparison method is to compare the data of the two sets one by one, compare the consistency and relative accuracy of the corresponding data at this time, and determine whether the two sets can be combined into the required target set.

[0096] If the data transmission set is represented as DT, the comparison result LRF at this time is LRF=Compare(FI,DT), thereby obtaining the link response data flow related to the transmission path.

[0097] When obtaining the comparison result, the corresponding data in the data transmission set and the fault impact set are used as input conditions, and the Pearson correlation coefficient between the fault impact set, the data transmission set and the preset logic library is calculated. The setting method for the preset logic library is to use the data transmission set and the fault impact set as membership conditions, and judge the content of the preset logic library comparison according to the logical rules specified by the historical data. For example, when the data in the data transmission set changes, what data is generated by the fault impact set, and what results are ultimately output. For example, the comprehensive fault coefficient of the fault impact set is calculated first. The comprehensive fault coefficient is the weighted average of the first fault coefficient, the second fault coefficient, and the third fault coefficient. The comprehensive fault coefficient is used as a membership condition, and the data transmission volume in the data transmission set is used as a membership condition. When the comprehensive fault coefficient of the fault impact set is large and the data transmission volume is large, the preset logic library will think that the problem is large at this time, so as to judge whether the problem is serious at this time; the purpose of the Pearson correlation coefficient output at the same time is to determine which rule corresponding to the preset logic library of the data transmission set and the fault impact set is similar to, and the most similar data is output as the link response data stream at this time; because the data transmission set will contain multiple data information, it is necessary to compare the comprehensive fault coefficient with these data in turn, and output the part with the largest Pearson correlation coefficient value calculated in each data. These output parts represent the most relevant data between the data transmission set and the fault impact set, which is convenient for analyzing how to adjust the power conductor at this time to complete fault monitoring.

[0098] A set of data with the largest Pearson correlation coefficient between the fault impact set, the data transmission set and the preset logic library is used as the output link response data stream.

[0099] The link response data stream will output the comprehensive fault coefficient, data transmission volume, fault impact set, Pearson correlation coefficient between the data transmission set and the preset logic library, and data on similar parts of the fault impact set, data transmission set and historical data.

[0100] like Figure 6 As shown, the optimization analysis module optimizes and analyzes the occurrence status of the interruption point, and the implementation method of determining the target on-off optimization parameters is shown below.

[0101] The occurrence status of the interruption points is evaluated in turn, the interruption severity and the interruption impact range are calculated, and the impact value of the interruption point is obtained.

[0102] According to the impact value of the interruption point, multiple optimization objectives corresponding to the interruption point are determined.

[0103] Multiple optimization targets are matched with the link response data stream in sequence to obtain target on-off optimization parameters.

[0104] The occurrence status of the above interruption point refers to the specific situation of the interruption point, including but not limited to the cause, location, duration, frequency and other factors of the interruption. Understanding these statuses helps to evaluate the impact of the interruption.

[0105] The severity of the interruption is expressed as: obtaining the service unavailability time and data loss risk when the interruption point occurs, and obtaining the severity of the interruption; at this time, the service unavailability time and data loss risk are normalized before calculation.

[0106] S=w1·T μ +w2·D r ; where S represents the severity of the interruption, T μ Indicates the service unavailable time. The unavailable time is recorded in minutes. r Indicates the risk of data loss, which is a decimal between 0 and 1 and is used to show the possibility of data loss; w1 indicates the weight of the service unavailable time, and w2 indicates the weight of the data loss risk.

[0107] The interruption impact range is represented by obtaining the number of affected users and the types of affected services corresponding to the interruption point to obtain the interruption impact range.

[0108] R=w3·N μ +w4·S S ; R represents the impact range of the interruption, N μ represents the number of affected users, S S represents the affected service type, w3 represents the weight of the affected number of users, and w4 represents the weight of the affected service type.

[0109] The number of users and service types at this time will also be normalized during calculation to obtain the value of the impact range of the interruption at this time.

[0110] The weight values ​​set in the order of w1, w2, w3, and w4 may be 0.7, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.4, so that the corresponding values ​​of the interruption severity and the interruption impact range may be calculated.

[0111] Then the impact value of the interruption point at this time is expressed as shown below.

[0112] I p =S·R; where I p Indicates the impact value of the break point.

[0113] The implementation method for multiple optimization targets corresponding to the interruption point is to use the impact value of the interruption point as a retrieval condition, and retrieve the main optimization targets when the impact value of the interruption point takes different values. The optimization targets include but are not limited to reducing the interruption time, improving service quality, reducing costs, improving availability, enhancing redundancy, and reducing data loss risks; select the optimization target corresponding to the impact value of the interruption point at this time, and match these optimization targets with the subsequent link response data flow.

[0114] Reduce downtime: Minimize the time that the service is unavailable.

[0115] Improve quality of service (QoS): ensure the quality of data transmission, reduce packet loss rate, delay, etc.

[0116] Reduce costs: Reduce the cost of repairing interruptions, including manpower, materials, etc.

[0117] Improved availability: Increase the availability of services and reduce the risk of future outages.

[0118] Enhanced redundancy: Increase the redundant design of the network so that it can quickly switch to an alternate path when one path is interrupted.

[0119] Reduce the risk of data loss: Reduce the risk of data loss through backup and recovery mechanisms.

[0120] The implementation method of matching multiple optimization targets with link reaction data streams in sequence is to cross-validate the optimization targets and link reaction data streams. The cross-validation is to divide the optimization targets and link reaction data streams into multiple subsets of equal size, each subset is used as a test set, and other subsets are used as training sets to verify the evaluation results of the link reaction data stream on the optimization target at this time. Finally, the average value of all evaluation results is calculated to obtain the target on-off optimization parameters.

[0121] The implementation method for verifying the evaluation result of the link reaction data flow on the optimization target at this time can be shown as follows.

[0122] The link reaction data flows are classified according to the optimization objectives, and the average value of the link reaction data flows under each optimization objective is calculated in turn to obtain the evaluation result at this time.

[0123] The target on-off optimization parameters may include reconfiguring routes, adjusting transmission power, optimizing network topology, etc. to adjust the transmission path of the corresponding data to reduce the impact of interruption points on data transmission; for example, packet loss rate, delay, throughput, service quality indicators such as jitter, availability, bandwidth utilization and other average values ​​of multiple indicators, so as to obtain the data that needs to be adjusted for the interruption point.

[0124] Based on the target on-off optimization parameters, the fault alarm control of the power conductor is carried out. At this time, the target on-off optimization parameters are obtained. When the value obtained in real time by the system contains the parameter corresponding to the target on-off optimization parameter, it is compared whether the real-time obtained value exceeds the value of the target on-off optimization parameter. If it exceeds, an alarm is issued, otherwise no alarm is issued.

[0125] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention and they are still covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power conductor fault monitoring system, characterized in that: include: The on-off monitoring module is used to receive the reflected signal when the power conductor fails, and obtain the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal; and determine the on-off type when a power conductor fails; The breakpoint identification module is used to use the Fresnel end face reflection scheme to identify the target area where the breakpoint exists, take the transmission path of the optical fiber in the target area as a quantitative value, take the position of the temporary access point as a variable, perform breakpoint position change analysis, and obtain a path parameter set; The breakpoint location module is used to distinguish the fault type of the breakpoint according to the path parameter set, and when the breakpoint occurs in the corresponding transmission path, identify the corresponding connector and optical fiber loss on the transmission path, and obtain the link response data flow of the transmission path; The optimization analysis module is used to optimize and analyze the occurrence status of the interruption point according to the link response data flow, determine the target on-off optimization parameters, and perform alarm control on the fault of the power conductor based on the target on-off optimization parameters.

2. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of determining the on-off type when a power conductor fails in the on-off monitoring module is as follows: According to the key attributes of the power conductor, an on-off classifier of the power conductor is constructed, and the power conductor is classified and represented by the on-off classifier to determine the characteristic information of the power conductor; Acquire a type feature library of power conductors, the type feature library containing on / off types when power conductors have faults in historical data and feature information corresponding to the on / off types; Calculate the attribute similarity set of the feature information of the power conductor and the type feature library, and filter based on the attribute similarity set to obtain the attribute feature set within a preset similarity threshold; According to the obtained attribute feature set, the on-off classifier of the power conductor is adjusted to determine the on-off type at this time.

3. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the obtained attribute feature set, the on-off classifier of the power conductor is adjusted to determine the on-off type at this time. The implementation methods include the following methods: Analyze the attribute feature set according to the on-off classifier to obtain the mapping relationship between the on-off classification and the attribute feature set; The feature weight factor is obtained according to the attribute similarity set, the feature weight factor is adjusted based on the mapping relationship between the on-off classification and the attribute feature set, and the on-off type is output.

4. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of identifying the target area where the breakpoint exists is as follows: According to the identified on-off type, the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal are used as constraints; Extracting a first performance feature and a second performance feature from the intensity change and time delay of the reflected signal, wherein the first performance feature is used to select the reflection intensity of the reflected signal and extract data with frequent changes in the reflection intensity; and the second performance feature is used to select data with abnormal performance in the time delay and obtain data exceeding the normal time delay; For the first performance feature, obtaining the maximum value and the minimum value of the reflection intensity in the first performance feature, and determining the extreme value variation amplitude of the reflection intensity; For the second performance feature, determining a time delay peak value and a time delay change value in the second performance feature; The first expression feature is compared with the second expression feature to obtain a target area corresponding to the interruption point.

5. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The implementation method for comparing the first performance feature with the second performance feature is to use the data in the first performance feature whose extreme value change amplitude is greater than the preset standard as the first comparison set, and determine whether there is data corresponding to the first comparison set in the second performance feature. If so, the corresponding data is output as the target area; if not, the data corresponding to the maximum value of the time delay change value and the data corresponding to the first comparison set are output as the target area.

6. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of breaking point position change analysis is as follows: The target area is detected using a temporary access point to determine the position change trajectory of the interruption point in the target area, and the position change trajectory of the interruption point is used as the output path parameter set.

7. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The link response data stream of the transmission path can be obtained by: According to the fault type of the interruption point, a first fault coefficient is configured for the transmission path; According to the received reflection signal, the connector and the optical fiber loss on the transmission path are identified, and a second fault coefficient corresponding to the transmission path is set; According to the location of the interruption point, a third fault coefficient is set for the transmission path; Determine a fault impact set of the interruption point according to the first fault coefficient, the second fault coefficient, and the third fault coefficient; Acquire the data transmission amount on the current transmission path and the backup transmission path as a data transmission set; The fault impact set is compared with the data transmission set, and the comparison result is output as a link response data stream of the transmission path.

8. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first fault coefficient mentioned above is expressed as follows: F1 = Kt × Ft; Among them, F1 represents the first fault coefficient, Kt represents the fault type coefficient, such as short circuit, open circuit, signal attenuation, etc.; Ft represents the fault degree factor, which is determined according to the severity of the fault, such as minor, moderate, severe, etc.; The second fault coefficient is expressed as follows: F2=(L actual / L avg )×(D loss / D avg ); Where F2 represents the second fault coefficient, L actual Indicates the actual value of the connector and optical fiber loss, L avg Indicates the average value of connector and fiber loss in historical data, D loss Indicates the degree of deviation of connector and optical fiber loss from the average value, D avg Indicates the average value of the degree of deviation in historical data; The third fault coefficient is expressed as follows: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">F3=P<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> position <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ×I<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Impact <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ; Among them, F3 represents the third fault coefficient, P position The position factor of the interruption point in the transmission path, I Impact It is expressed as the ratio of the interruption point to the temporary access point.

9. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The comparison results comparing the fault impact set with the data transmission set are shown below: Using the data corresponding to the data transmission set and the fault impact set as input conditions, calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the fault impact set, the data transmission set and the preset logic library; A set of data with the largest Pearson correlation coefficient between the fault impact set, the data transmission set and the preset logic library is used as the output link response data stream.

10. A power conductor fault monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the optimization analysis module, the occurrence status of the interruption point is optimized and analyzed, and the implementation method of determining the target on-off optimization parameters is as follows: The occurrence status of the interruption points is evaluated in turn, the interruption severity and the interruption impact range are calculated, and the impact value of the interruption point is obtained; According to the impact value of the interruption point, multiple optimization objectives corresponding to the interruption point are determined; Multiple optimization targets are matched with the link response data stream in sequence to obtain target on-off optimization parameters.

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