Unmanned aerial vehicle directional detection antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle detection equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle directional detection antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle detection device.The unmanned aerial vehicle directional detection antenna comprises a secondary radiation layer provided with a first substrate and a main radiation layer provided with a second substrate, and the first substrate is provided with a first radiation patch array and a second radiation patch array; the first radiation patch array comprises 2n first radiation patches used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a first frequency f1, the second radiation patch array comprises m second radiation patches used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a second frequency f2, and the second radiation patches are arranged in gaps of the first radiation patch array at intervals; the second substrate and the first substrate are stacked at intervals along the first direction and are fixedly connected, a third radiation patch is arranged at a position, corresponding to the first radiation patch, on the second substrate, and a fourth radiation patch is arranged at a position, corresponding to the second radiation patch, on the second substrate. The size of the directional detection antenna of the unmanned aerial vehicle is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of antenna technology, and specifically to a drone directional detection antenna and a drone detection device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of drone technology, the use of drones has become very common. However, drones also bring a series of security risks, such as privacy violations, flight area conflicts, etc. Therefore, it is extremely important to effectively detect and combat drones. When detecting drones, it is usually necessary to set up a drone directional detection antenna on the drone detection device, and use the drone directional detection antenna to perform direction detection on the drone to obtain the drone's location information. At present, the size of the drone directional detection antenna is large, making the drone detection device inconvenient for individuals to hold and operate. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a drone directional detection antenna and a drone detection device, which are used to solve the problem of large size of drone directional detection antennas in the prior art.

[0004] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a directional detection antenna for an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a secondary radiation layer and a primary radiation layer; the secondary radiation layer comprises a first substrate, on which a first radiation patch array and a second radiation patch array are arranged, the first radiation patch array comprises 2n first radiation patches, the first radiation patches support receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a first frequency f1, the second radiation patch array comprises m second radiation patches, the second radiation patches support receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a second frequency f2, wherein the second radiation patches are arranged at intervals in the gaps of the first radiation patch array, and f2>2f1, n and m are both positive integers; the main radiation layer comprises a second substrate, and the second substrate and the second radiation patch array are arranged at intervals between the first radiation patch array and the second radiation patch array. The first substrates are stacked and spaced along a first direction, and the second substrate is fixedly connected to the first substrate; a third radiation patch is arranged at a position on the second substrate corresponding to the first radiation patch, and a fourth radiation patch is arranged at a position on the second substrate corresponding to the second radiation patch; wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the first substrate, the third radiation patch and the first radiation patch are spaced by the first substrate and / or the second substrate, the third radiation patch is used to couple the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiation patch, the fourth radiation patch and the second radiation patch are spaced by the first substrate and / or the second substrate, and the fourth radiation patch is used to couple the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second radiation patch.

[0005] In an optional manner, the array directions of the first radiation patch array and the second radiation patch array both include a second direction and a third direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction; along the second direction, the center points of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch located in the same row are aligned; along the third direction, the center points of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch located in the same column are aligned.

[0006] In an optional manner, the first radiation patch array is a 2×2 array, the second radiation patch array is a five-element cross array, and the center points of the first radiation patch array and the second radiation patch array are aligned.

[0007] In an optional manner, the first frequency f1 is 2.4 GHz, and the second frequency f2 is 5.8 GHz.

[0008] In an optional manner, the UAV directional detection antenna also includes a plurality of metal strata stacked along the first direction; a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer are respectively arranged on two different metal strata in the plurality of metal strata, and a metal stratum is separated from the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer; the first dielectric layer is provided with a first feeding network, the first feeding network includes 2n first probes, and the 2n first probes are respectively electrically connected to the 2n first radiation patches in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the first probes do not contact the plurality of metal strata; a second feeding network is provided on the surface of the second dielectric layer away from the first dielectric layer, the second feeding network includes m second probes, and the m second probes are respectively electrically connected to the m second radiation patches in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the second probes do not contact the plurality of metal strata.

[0009] In an optional manner, the second dielectric layer is arranged at a metal layer farthest from the sub-radiation layer among the multiple metal layers, and each metal layer among the multiple metal layers except the metal layer farthest from the sub-radiation layer is provided with a plurality of feeding vias, and the m second probes respectively pass through the feeding vias and are electrically connected to the m second radiation patches one by one.

[0010] In an optional manner, a duplexer is further provided on the second dielectric layer, and the signal output ends of the first feeding network and the second feeding network are respectively connected to the signal input ends of the duplexer, and the first feeding network and the second feeding network output signals through the signal output ends of the duplexer.

[0011] In an optional manner, the first feeding network is an equal-amplitude and in-phase feeding network, and the second feeding network is an unequal-amplitude and in-phase feeding network.

[0012] In an optional manner, the size of the first radiation patch is different from that of the third radiation patch, and the size of the second radiation patch is different from that of the fourth radiation patch.

[0013] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a drone detection device is provided, which includes a host, a drone omnidirectional detection antenna, a coaxial cable, and the drone directional detection antenna as described above, wherein the drone omnidirectional detection antenna is arranged on the host, the drone directional detection antenna is arranged on the side of the host, and the drone directional detection antenna is electrically connected to the host via the coaxial cable.

[0014] In the embodiment of the present application, the second radiation patch is arranged in the gap of the first radiation patch array, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the secondary radiation layer and the main radiation layer, and thus reducing the volume of the directional detection antenna of the drone. In addition, by arranging the second radiation patch in the gap of the first radiation patch array, the spacing between two adjacent first radiation patches is not reduced, and the spacing between two adjacent second radiation patches is not reduced, so the beam width of the directional detection antenna of the drone will not be increased, so that the beam width of the directional detection antenna of the drone can meet the requirements, and the accuracy of the directional detection antenna of the drone to detect the drone will not be reduced, and the volume of the directional detection antenna of the drone is reduced on the basis of ensuring the detection accuracy.

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. In addition, the same reference symbols are used to represent the same components throughout the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a directional detection antenna for a drone provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sub-radiation layer provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 The simulated directional pattern of the drone directional detection antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application at a frequency of 2.45 GHz is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 The simulated directional pattern of the drone directional detection antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application at a frequency of 5.8 GHz is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the layers of the directional detection antenna for unmanned aerial vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a drone detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a scenario in which a drone detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application detects a drone is shown;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a drone detection device provided in another embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0025] The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0026] 1. Drone detection equipment;

[0027] 10. UAV directional detection antenna; 20. Host; 30. First UAV omnidirectional detection antenna; 31. First part of the first UAV omnidirectional detection antenna; 32. Second part of the first UAV omnidirectional detection antenna; 40. Second UAV omnidirectional detection antenna; 41. First part of the second UAV omnidirectional detection antenna; 42. Second part of the second UAV omnidirectional detection antenna; 50. External RF interface; 60. Coaxial line;

[0028] 11. secondary radiation layer; 111. first substrate; 112. first radiation patch; 113. second radiation patch; 12. primary radiation layer; 121. second substrate; 122. third radiation patch; 123. fourth radiation patch; 13. fixing member; 141. first metal stratum; 1411. feeding via; 142. second metal stratum; 143. third metal stratum; 15. dielectric layer; 151. first dielectric layer; 152. second dielectric layer; 16. first feeding network; 161. first probe; 17. second feeding network; 171. second probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0032] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating any combination of the listed objects. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists, A and B exist at the same time, or B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The gain and beam of an antenna are important parameters for measuring antenna performance. Generally, antennas with high gain and narrow beams have higher accuracy in directional detection of drones. A radiating patch is an antenna patch, also known as a microstrip antenna, which is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals emitted by drones to achieve directional detection of drones. In order to meet volume requirements, existing drone directional detection antennas use a small number of radiating patches and a small spacing between adjacent radiating patches, resulting in lower gain and wider beams, leading to lower accuracy in directional detection of drones.

[0038] Since the antenna with high gain and narrow beam includes multiple radiating patches, arranging multiple radiating patches in an array in the antenna usually results in the drone directional detection antenna being too large. For example, for a drone directional detection antenna with a total of 8 radiating patches, since the radiating patches have a certain volume and a certain distance is required between two adjacent radiating patches, arranging these 8 radiating patches in a 2×4 array will result in the drone directional detection antenna being larger in size. If a drone directional detection antenna with an overly large volume is integrated into a drone detection device, the drone detection device will be too large in size.

[0039] However, in some situations, individuals cannot carry large drone detection equipment to detect and control drones, and can only detect drones by hand-held lightweight drone detection equipment. For example, in some single-soldier application situations, the operator needs to hold the drone detection equipment in one hand to detect the drone, and hold an electronic device (such as a tablet) in the other hand to receive and display the results of the drone detection equipment's detection of the drone. Therefore, if the drone detection equipment is large in size, the operator will not be able to operate it with one hand, and it is not convenient for the operator to carry.

[0040] Based on the above considerations, in order to effectively reduce the volume of the drone directional detection antenna and ensure that the gain and beam of the antenna can meet the requirements, the present application proposes a drone directional detection antenna, including a secondary radiation layer and a main radiation layer, the secondary radiation layer includes a first radiation patch array and a second radiation patch array, the first radiation patch array includes 2n first radiation patches for receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a first frequency f1, and the second radiation patch array includes m second radiation patches for receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a second frequency f2, wherein the second radiation patches are arranged at intervals in the gaps of the first radiation patch array. A third radiation patch is arranged at a position corresponding to the first radiation patch in the main radiation layer, and a fourth radiation patch is arranged at a position corresponding to the second radiation patch. In the present application, the volume of the drone directional detection antenna is effectively reduced by arranging the second radiation patch at intervals in the gaps of the first radiation patch array.

[0041] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a directional detection antenna for a drone provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the UAV directional detection antenna 10 includes a secondary radiation layer 11 and a main radiation layer 12, the secondary radiation layer 11 includes a first substrate 111, and the first substrate 111 is provided with a first radiation patch array and a second radiation patch array, the first radiation patch array includes four first radiation patches 112, the first radiation patches 112 support receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a first frequency f1, the second radiation patch array includes five second radiation patches 113, the second radiation patches 113 support receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a second frequency f2, wherein the second radiation patches 113 are arranged at intervals in the gaps of the first radiation patch array, and f2>2f1.

[0042] Among them, the first substrate 111 in the secondary radiation layer 11 is mainly used to carry the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113. The material, size, etc. of the first substrate 111 can be set as needed, for example, a plate made of a composite material of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or other PCB plates. By arranging a first radiation patch 112 for receiving an electromagnetic wave signal of a first frequency f1 and a second radiation patch 113 for receiving an electromagnetic wave signal of a second frequency f2 on the first substrate 111, the drone directional detection antenna 10 can perform directional detection on drones at the first frequency f1 and the second frequency f2 communication frequencies. Therefore, the first frequency f1 and the second frequency f2 can be determined as needed and are not limited here.

[0043] It is understandable that the number of radiation patches will affect the gain of the drone directional detection antenna 10. Therefore, the number of the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 can be determined as needed to make the gain of the drone directional detection antenna 10 meet the requirements. In the embodiment of the present application, only the drone directional detection antenna 10 including 4 first radiation patches 112 and 5 second radiation patches 113 is used as an example for introduction, and the number of the first radiation patches 112 can only be 4 and the number of the second radiation patches 113 can only be 5. In some embodiments, the number of the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 can be 4.

[0044] The spacing between two adjacent radiation patches will affect the beam width of the drone directional detection antenna 10. Therefore, the spacing between two adjacent first radiation patches 112 can be determined as needed. For example, the spacing between the center points of two adjacent first radiation patches 112 can be set to 0.5*c / f1, 0.6*c / f1 or 0.7*c / f1, where c is the speed of light. Therefore, after determining the spacing between two adjacent first radiation patches 112 in the horizontal direction and the spacing between two adjacent first radiation patches 112 in the vertical direction, the size of the first substrate 111 can be determined. The spacing between two adjacent second radiation patches 113 is similar to that of the first radiation patch 112, and will not be repeated here.

[0045] It is understandable that there is a certain relationship between the size of the radiation patch and its frequency. Generally, the lower the frequency of the radiation patch, the larger its size. Therefore, if the size difference between the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 is small, it may happen that the second radiation patch 113 cannot be spaced in the gap of the first radiation patch array. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, by limiting f2>2f1, that is, limiting the size difference between the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 to meet certain requirements, the above situation can be avoided, and it can also be ensured that the gap of the first radiation patch array is sufficient to accommodate the second radiation patch 113, and the beam width of the drone directional detection antenna 10 can meet the requirements.

[0046] The main radiation layer 12 includes a second substrate 121, which is stacked and spaced apart with the first substrate 111 along a first direction Z. The second substrate 121 is fixedly connected to the first substrate 111 by a fixing member 13 (such as a screw). A third radiation patch 122 is arranged at a position on the second substrate 121 corresponding to the first radiation patch 112, and a fourth radiation patch 123 is arranged at a position on the second substrate 121 corresponding to the second radiation patch 113, wherein the first direction Z is perpendicular to the first substrate 111, the third radiation patch 122 is used to couple the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiation patch 112, and the fourth radiation patch 123 is used to couple the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second radiation patch 113.

[0047] Among them, the second substrate 121 and the first substrate 111 are stacked and spaced along the first direction Z, and the second substrate 121 and the first substrate 111 can be arranged in parallel along the first direction Z. In the embodiment of the present application, only the second substrate 121 and the first substrate 111 are arranged in parallel along the first direction Z as an example for introduction. The material of the second substrate 121 is similar to that of the first substrate 111, and will not be repeated here. Preferably, the size of the second substrate 121 matches the size of the first substrate 111, for example, the size of the second substrate 121 is the same as that of the first substrate 111, so as to avoid the situation where the size of the second substrate 121 is too large, resulting in the unmanned aerial vehicle directional detection antenna 10 being too large.

[0048] A third radiation patch 122 is disposed at a position on the second substrate 121 corresponding to the first radiation patch 112, specifically, a third radiation patch 122 is disposed at a position on the second substrate 121 opposite to the first radiation patch 112, so that the third radiation patch 122 can couple the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first radiation patch 112. The spacing between two adjacent third radiation patches 122 is similar to the spacing between two adjacent first radiation patches 112, and the spacing between two adjacent fourth radiation patches 123 is similar to the spacing between two adjacent second radiation patches 113, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The first substrate 111 and / or the second substrate 121 is between the third radiation patch 122 and the first radiation patch 112 , and the first substrate 111 and / or the second substrate 121 is between the fourth radiation patch 123 and the second radiation patch 113 . Specifically, the first radiation patch 112 can be set on the first surface of the first substrate 111, wherein the first surface is the surface of the first substrate 111 facing away from the second substrate 121, and the third radiation patch 122 is set on the side of the second substrate facing the first surface of the first substrate 111, so that the first substrate 111 is spaced between the first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122, or the third radiation patch 122 is set on the side of the second substrate facing away from the first surface of the first substrate 111, so that the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 are spaced between the first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122, or the first radiation patch 112 is set on the second surface of the first substrate 111, wherein the second surface is the surface of the first substrate 111 facing the second substrate 121, and the third radiation patch 122 is set on the side of the second substrate facing away from the second surface of the first substrate 111, so that the second substrate 121 is spaced between the first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122.

[0050] Since the second radiation patch 113 and the first radiation patch 112 are arranged on the same surface of the first substrate 111, and the third radiation patch 122 and the fourth radiation patch 123 are arranged on the same surface of the second substrate 121, the setting method of the second radiation patch 113 and the fourth radiation patch 123 can refer to the setting method of the above-mentioned first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122, and will not be repeated here.

[0051] It should be noted that the frequency f3 of the third radiation patch 122 and the frequency f4 of the fourth radiation patch 123 can be determined as needed. For example, after determining f1 and f2, f3 can be determined as f1 and f4 can be determined as f2. In some embodiments, in order to achieve bandwidth broadening, f1 and f3 can be set to two slightly different frequencies, and f2 and f4 can be set to two slightly different frequencies. As described above, there is a certain relationship between the size of the radiation patch and its frequency. Therefore, by setting the size of the first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122 to be slightly different, f1 and f3 can be two slightly different frequencies. For example, the size of the first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122 is set to a patch with a difference of 1mm or 2mm between the two, or the size of the first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122 is set to a difference of 0.01*c / f1 to 0.05*c / f1 between the two, so as to achieve bandwidth broadening of the drone directional detection antenna 10. It should be noted that the size difference setting between the second radiation patch 113 and the fourth radiation patch 123 can refer to the size difference between the first radiation patch 112 and the third radiation patch 122, which will not be repeated here.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, since the drone directional detection antenna 10 includes a secondary radiation layer 11 and a main radiation layer 12, compared with an antenna including only one radiation layer, the drone directional detection antenna 10 has better radiation performance and wider bandwidth. And by setting the second radiation patch 113 at intervals in the gap of the first radiation patch array, the volume of the secondary radiation layer 11 and the main radiation layer 12 is effectively reduced, and the volume of the drone directional detection antenna 10 is also reduced. In addition, by setting the second radiation patch 113 at intervals in the gap of the first radiation patch array, the spacing between the two adjacent first radiation patches 112 is not reduced, and the spacing between the two adjacent second radiation patches 113 is not reduced, and the beam width of the drone directional detection antenna 10 will not be increased, so that the beam width of the drone directional detection antenna 10 can meet the requirements, and the accuracy of the drone directional detection antenna 10 detecting the drone will not be reduced, and the volume of the drone directional detection antenna 10 is reduced on the basis of ensuring the detection accuracy.

[0053] Figure 2 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a sub-radiation layer provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the array directions of the first radiation patch array and the second radiation patch array both include a second direction X and a third direction Y, and the second direction X is perpendicular to the third direction Y. Along the second direction X, the center points of the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 located in the same row are aligned (that is, the center points of the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 located in the same row in the figure are on the same horizontal dotted line). Along the third direction Y, the center points of the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 located in the same column are aligned (that is, the center points of the first radiation patch 112 and the second radiation patch 113 located in the same column in the figure are on the same vertical dotted line).

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the second direction X is a horizontal direction, and the third direction Y is a vertical direction. Figure 2 As shown, four first radiation patches 112 and five second radiation patches 113 form a 3×3 array. By aligning the center points of the first radiation patches 112 and the second radiation patches 113 in the same row, and aligning the center points of the first radiation patches 112 and the second radiation patches 113 in the same column, the upper and lower induced currents can be made symmetrical, thereby improving the accuracy of the drone directional detection antenna 10 in detecting drones.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the first radiation patch array is a 2×2 array, the second radiation patch array is a five-element cross array, and the center points of the first radiation patch array and the second radiation patch array are aligned. In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the second radiation patch array to include five second radiation patches 113, and setting the second radiation patch array to a five-element cross array, the second radiation patches 113 can be symmetrically arranged in the gaps of the first radiation patch array, so that the directional pattern corresponding to the drone directional detection antenna 10 is more uniform and symmetrical, and the accuracy of the drone directional detection antenna 10 in directional detection of the drone is improved.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first frequency f1 is 2.4 GHz and the second frequency f2 is 5.8 GHz. Since the communication frequencies of most drones in actual application scenarios are 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, in the embodiments of the present application, by setting the first frequency f1 to 2.4 GHz and the second frequency f2 to 5.8 GHz, the requirements of most application scenarios can be met.

[0057] By setting the first frequency f1 to 2.4 GHz and the second frequency f2 to 5.8 GHz, the operating bandwidth range of the drone directional detection antenna 10 is 2.4-2.5 GHz and 5.1-6 GHz. Figure 3 The figure shows the simulated directional pattern of the drone directional detection antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. Figure 3As shown, the gain of the UAV directional detection antenna 10 is 10.4dBi, and the 3dB beamwidth is ≤50°. Figure 4 The figure shows the simulated directional pattern of the drone directional detection antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application at a frequency of 5.8 GHz. Figure 4 As shown, the gain of the UAV directional detection antenna 10 is 12.8dBi, and the 3dB wave width is ≤39°.

[0058] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the layers of the directional detection antenna of the drone provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the drone directional detection antenna 10 also includes three metal layers stacked along the first direction Z, namely the first metal layer 141, the second metal layer 142 and the third metal layer 143, each of which is provided with a feed via 1411. A first dielectric layer 151 is provided on the second metal layer 142, a second dielectric layer 152 is provided on the surface of the third metal layer 143 facing away from the second metal layer 142, and a dielectric layer 15 is provided between the second metal layer 142 and the third metal layer 143. A first feed network 16 is provided on the first dielectric layer 151, and the figure only shows that the first feed network 16 is provided on the surface of the first dielectric layer 151 facing the first metal layer 141. It should be noted that the first feed network 16 can also be provided on the surface of the first dielectric layer 151 facing away from the first metal layer 141. The first feeding network includes four first probes 161 (only two of the first probes 161 are shown in the figure), and the four first probes 161 pass through the feeding vias 1411 and are electrically connected to the four first radiation patches 112 in a one-to-one correspondence. A second feeding network 17 is provided on the surface of the second dielectric layer 152 facing away from the first dielectric layer 151, and the second feeding network includes five second probes 171 (only one of the second probes 171 is shown in the figure), and the five second probes 171 pass through the feeding vias 1411 and are electrically connected to the five second radiation patches 113 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the first feeding network 16 is connected to the first radiating patch 112 through the first probe 161 to feed the first radiating patch 112 and receive the drone signal transmitted by the first radiating patch 112. The working principle of the second feeding network 17 is similar to that of the first feeding network 16, which will not be repeated here. Since the first feeding network 16 and the second feeding network 17 are respectively used to receive drone signals of different frequencies, in the embodiment of the present application, a metal layer is provided between the first dielectric layer 151 and the second dielectric layer 152, thereby avoiding mutual interference between drone signals of different frequencies.

[0060] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the example of the drone directional detection antenna 10 including three metal layers is introduced, and the number of metal layers is not limited. The number of metal layers can be set as needed, for example, to four layers, five layers, etc.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first feeding network 16 is an equal-amplitude in-phase feeding network, so that the signals output by the first feeding network 16 to each first radiating patch 112 have the same amplitude and phase. The second feeding network 17 is an unequal-amplitude in-phase feeding network, so that the signals output by the second feeding network 17 to each second radiating patch 113 have different amplitudes and the same phase. In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the second feeding network 17 as an unequal-amplitude network, the amplitudes of the plurality of second radiating patches 113 are different, thereby reducing the sidelobe level of the drone directional detection antenna 10, thereby improving the accuracy of directional detection of the drone.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first feed network 16 is in the form of a stripline, the second feed network 17 is in the form of a microstrip power splitter network, and the second dielectric layer 152 is disposed in the metal layer farthest from the secondary radiation layer 11 in the multi-layer metal layer. Since the first feed network 16 is in the form of a stripline and the second feed network 17 is in the form of a microstrip power splitter network, in the embodiment of the present application, the low-frequency 2.4 GHz first feed network 16 is disposed on the middle dielectric layer, so that the insertion loss of the first feed network 16 is relatively smaller than the insertion loss of the second feed network 17, so that the drone directional detection antenna 10 can meet the application requirements.

[0063] In some embodiments, a duplexer is further provided on the second dielectric layer 152, and the signal output ends of the first feed network 16 and the second feed network 17 are respectively connected to the signal input ends of the duplexer, and the first feed network 16 and the second feed network 17 output signals through the signal output ends of the duplexer. In the embodiment of the present application, the two different signals output by the first feed network 16 and the second feed network 17 are combined into one channel output by using a duplexer, so that the two different signals can be output to the electronic device connected to the drone directional detection antenna 10 through one signal output end of the duplexer.

[0064] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drone detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6As shown, the drone detection device 1 includes a drone directional detection antenna 10, a host 20, a first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30, a second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40, an external RF interface 50 and a coaxial line 60. The host 20 and the drone directional detection antenna 10 are respectively provided with an external RF interface 50, and the two external RF interfaces 50 are electrically connected through the coaxial line 60. The first part 31 of the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 is arranged inside the host 20, and the second part 32 of the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 is exposed to the host 20, the first part 41 of the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 is arranged inside the host 20, and the second part 42 of the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 is exposed to the host 20. The drone directional detection antenna 10 is arranged on the side of the host 20.

[0065] Among them, the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 is a full-band omnidirectional detection antenna, and its detection frequency band coverage range is 0.4~6GHz, and the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 is a dual-frequency high-gain omnidirectional detection antenna, which can perform omnidirectional detection on drones with communication frequencies of 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz. Since the first part 31 of the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna and the first part 41 of the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna are both arranged inside the host 20, the detection results obtained by the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 and the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 for omnidirectional detection of the drone can be directly transmitted to the host 20, so that the host 20 processes the detection results. The detection results obtained by the drone directional detection antenna 10 for directional detection of the drone are transmitted to the host 20 through the external RF interface 50 and the coaxial line 60, so that the host 20 processes the detection results.

[0066] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 and the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 are arranged on the host 20, and are all exposed to the host 20. For example, two first connectors can be arranged on the surface of the host 20, and the ends of the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 and the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 are respectively provided with second connectors for docking with the first connectors, and the second connectors arranged on the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 and the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 are docked with the first connector arranged on the host 20, so as to realize that the first drone omnidirectional detection antenna 30 and the second drone omnidirectional detection antenna 40 are arranged on the host 20, and are all exposed to the host 20.

[0067] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a scenario in which a drone detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application detects a drone. Figure 7As shown, the drone detection device 1 detects the drone by receiving signals sent by the drone in the control area, and transmits the detection results to an electronic device that is communicatively connected to the drone detection device 1, so that the electronic device displays the drone detection results.

[0068] Figure 8 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drone detection device provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, the omnidirectional antenna in the drone detection device 1 performs omnidirectional detection on the drone. After the omnidirectional antenna detects the drone signal, the detection information obtained by the omnidirectional detection is transmitted to the active module for processing, and the detection information is converted by the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and then transmitted to the field programmable gate array (FPGA) for processing to realize the alarm function. Then the drone detection device 1 enters the directional detection mode, and the directional antenna in the drone detection device 1 is rotated for one week to realize the directional detection of the drone by the directional antenna in the drone detection device 1, so as to obtain the specific position information of the drone. Finally, the drone detection device 1 can transmit the specific position information of the drone to the electronic device, so that the electronic device can display the specific position information of the drone detected.

[0069] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0070] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present application and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the various features of the embodiments of the present application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting the following intention: that the claimed application requires more features than those explicitly recited in each claim.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and may be divided into a plurality of submodules or subunits or subcomponents. Except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed in this manner may be combined in any combination. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature providing the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0072] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate the present application rather than limit the present application, and that those skilled in the art may design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference symbol between brackets should not be constructed as a limitation to the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements not listed in the claims. The word "one" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements. The present application may be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim that lists several devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A directional detection antenna for unmanned aerial vehicles, characterized in that: include: Secondary radiant layer and primary radiant layer; The secondary radiation layer includes a first substrate, on which a first radiation patch array and a second radiation patch array are arranged, the first radiation patch array includes 2n first radiation patches, the first radiation patches support receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a first frequency f1, the second radiation patch array includes m second radiation patches, the second radiation patches support receiving electromagnetic wave signals of a second frequency f2, wherein the second radiation patches are arranged in the gaps of the first radiation patch array at intervals, and f2>2f1, and n and m are both positive integers; The main radiation layer includes a second substrate, which is stacked and spaced apart with the first substrate along a first direction, and the second substrate is fixedly connected to the first substrate; a third radiation patch is arranged at a position on the second substrate corresponding to the first radiation patch, and a fourth radiation patch is arranged at a position on the second substrate corresponding to the second radiation patch; wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the first substrate, the third radiation patch and the first radiation patch are spaced apart by the first substrate and / or the second substrate, the third radiation patch is used to couple the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiation patch, the fourth radiation patch and the second radiation patch are spaced apart by the first substrate and / or the second substrate, and the fourth radiation patch is used to couple the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second radiation patch.

2. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array directions of the first radiation patch array and the second radiation patch array both include a second direction and a third direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction; Along the second direction, center points of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch located in the same row are aligned; Along the third direction, center points of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch located in the same column are aligned.

3. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first radiation patch array is a 2×2 array, the second radiation patch array is a five-element cross array, and the center points of the first radiation patch array and the second radiation patch array are aligned.

4. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first frequency f1 is 2.4 GHz, and the second frequency f2 is 5.8 GHz.

5. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UAV directional detection antenna also includes multiple metal layers stacked along the first direction; A first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer are respectively disposed on two different metal layers in the multi-layer metal layers, and a metal layer is spaced between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer; The first dielectric layer is provided with a first feeding network, the first feeding network includes 2n first probes, the 2n first probes are electrically connected to the 2n first radiation patches in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the first probes are not in contact with the multi-layer metal stratum; A second feeding network is arranged on the surface of the second dielectric layer facing away from the first dielectric layer. The second feeding network includes m second probes. The m second probes are electrically connected to the m second radiation patches one by one respectively. The second probes do not contact the multi-layer metal stratum.

6. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second dielectric layer is arranged at the metal layer farthest from the sub-radiation layer among the multiple metal layers. Except for the metal layer farthest from the sub-radiation layer, each metal layer among the multiple metal layers is provided with a plurality of feeding vias. The m second probes respectively pass through the feeding vias and are electrically connected to the m second radiation patches one by one.

7. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A duplexer is also provided on the second dielectric layer, and the signal output ends of the first feeding network and the second feeding network are respectively connected to the signal input end of the duplexer, and the first feeding network and the second feeding network output signals through the signal output end of the duplexer.

8. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first feeding network is an equal-amplitude in-phase feeding network, and the second feeding network is an unequal-amplitude in-phase feeding network.

9. The UAV directional detection antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the first radiation patch is different from that of the third radiation patch, and the size of the second radiation patch is different from that of the fourth radiation patch.

10. A drone detection device, characterized in that: The drone detection device includes a host, a drone omnidirectional detection antenna, a coaxial cable, and a drone directional detection antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the drone omnidirectional detection antenna is arranged on the host, the drone directional detection antenna is arranged on the side of the host, and the drone directional detection antenna is electrically connected to the host through the coaxial cable.

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