Liquid crystal antenna array beam control method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid crystal antenna array beam control method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and aims at determining a target beam which is most matched with a user demand through switching of a high-gain beam and a low-sidelobe beam so as to meet diversified demands of a user. And determining a target performance requirement to determine a performance optimization direction, and determining a phase shift range to determine a voltage corresponding phase and voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target wave beam, thereby realizing a performance optimization effect of improving different types of target wave beams in a targeted manner. And finally, optimizing the target beam according to the phase corresponding to the voltage, the loss corresponding to the voltage and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, outputting a voltage codebook, obtaining the voltage codebook meeting the user requirement, and meeting the diversified requirements of the user for the liquid crystal antenna array through performance optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a liquid crystal antenna array beam control method, device, electronic device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are an important part of mobile communication systems, and the selection of antenna performance is closely related to network coverage and overall operation quality. With the continuous development of urban construction, the wireless environment is becoming increasingly complex and diverse, and new application scenarios are constantly emerging. The factors affecting the selection of antenna performance are also becoming more and more complex, such as: the distribution of traffic in the coverage area, the changing pattern of traffic in the coverage area, anti-interference requirements and installation environment. With the rapid development of communication technology, the terminals of wireless communication equipment are increasingly developing in the direction of miniaturization and multi-functionality. Therefore, more challenging requirements are put forward for the design of transmitting antennas for wireless signals, including miniaturization, multi-band, low cost and adaptation to the structural environment of portable devices.

[0003] Liquid crystal antenna arrays are generally formed by periodically arranging antennas and phase shifter units on a whole dielectric substrate (including upper substrate, liquid crystal, and lower substrate), and using the characteristics of liquid crystal phase shifters to control the direction of the beam to achieve the functions of phased array, reflective array, or transmission array. However, when optimizing the performance of the liquid crystal antenna array beam, only optimizing for high gain performance is unable to meet the diverse needs of users. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to propose a liquid crystal antenna array beam control method, device, electronic device and storage medium to solve the problem that a single performance optimization method cannot meet the diverse needs of users.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a liquid crystal antenna array beam control method, comprising:

[0006] Switching between high-gain beams and low-sidelobe beams to determine the target beam;

[0007] Determining a target performance requirement according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirement includes a high gain performance requirement of the high gain beam or a low side lobe performance requirement of the low side lobe beam;

[0008] determining a phase shift range of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam;

[0009] Determining the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range;

[0010] The target beam is optimized according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and a voltage codebook is output.

[0011] A second aspect of the present application provides a liquid crystal antenna array beam control device, comprising:

[0012] The target beam determination module is configured to: switch between the high-gain beam and the low-sidelobe beam to determine the target beam;

[0013] A performance requirement determination module is configured to: determine a target performance requirement according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirement includes a high gain performance requirement of the high gain beam or a low side lobe performance requirement of the low side lobe beam;

[0014] A phase shift range determination module is configured to: determine a phase shift range of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam;

[0015] A phase loss determination module is configured to: determine a voltage-corresponding phase and a voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range;

[0016] The optimization output determination module is configured to optimize the target beam according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and output a voltage codebook.

[0017] The third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method provided in the first aspect of the present application is implemented.

[0018] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the method provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0019] From the above, it can be seen that the liquid crystal antenna array beam control method, device, electronic device and storage medium provided by the present application can switch between high-gain beams and low sidelobe beams according to user needs, determine the target beam, and determine the target beam that best matches the user needs by switching between high-gain beams and low sidelobe beams to meet the diverse needs of users. Then, the target performance requirements are determined according to the target beam, and the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirements include high-gain performance requirements for high-gain beams or low-sidelobe performance requirements for low-sidelobe beams; due to different types of target beams, their corresponding target performance requirements and the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter are also different, and determining the target performance requirements can clarify the direction of performance optimization, and according to the phase shift range, the voltage corresponding phase and voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam can be determined, so as to achieve targeted improvement of the performance optimization effect of different types of target beams. Finally, the target beam is optimized according to the voltage-corresponding phase, voltage-corresponding loss and phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirements, and the voltage codebook is output to obtain a voltage codebook that meets user needs. Through performance optimization, users' diverse needs for liquid crystal antenna arrays are met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of calculating antenna gain according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a liquid crystal antenna array beam control method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A flow chart for determining the voltage-corresponding phase and voltage-corresponding loss of a low sidelobe beam for an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4a A flow chart for optimizing low sidelobe beams for an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4b This is a flowchart of the optimization using the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4c This is a flowchart of optimization using a genetic algorithm in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5A flow chart for determining a high-gain beam voltage-corresponding phase and voltage-corresponding loss for an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A flow chart for optimizing a high-gain beam for an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of beam switching in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid crystal antenna array beam control device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present application belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of the present application do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Including" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing in front of the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] It should be understood herein that any number of elements in the drawings is for illustration rather than limitation, and any naming is only for distinction rather than having any limiting meaning.

[0035] Based on the description of the above background technology, the related technology also has the following situations:

[0036] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, when the input powers of the ideal radiating unit (reference antenna) and the antenna are both P0, that is, when the input powers of the ideal radiating unit and the antenna are the same, the maximum radiated power flux density of the antenna in a specified direction (generally the direction of the connection between the antenna and the signal receiving end) is P1, and the maximum radiated power flux density of the ideal radiating unit in the same specified direction is P2. The antenna gain is the ratio of the radiated power flux density of the antenna in the specified direction to the maximum radiated power flux density of the reference antenna (usually an ideal point source, such as an ideal radiating unit) at the same input power, that is, the antenna gain G = 10log(P1 / P2).

[0037] The process of gain calculation can be considered as taking dB. dB refers to a proportional value and a unit of expression for multiples. The calculation formula is dB = 10log(P a / P b )=20log(V1 / V2), where P stands for power and V stands for voltage. For example, V1 stands for test data and V2 stands for reference standard. If V1 is twice of V2, it is 6dB (rounded to the nearest integer). Sometimes an English letter is added after dB, which represents the unit value of the reference standard. For example, dBV represents the measured V1 data when the reference standard = 1V, which means 6dBV = 2V. If V1 is less than V2, the dB value will become negative. It is also necessary to understand that when converting, the dB values ​​are added and multiplied by equal multiples, for example: 40dB=20dB+20dB=10*10=100 times.

[0038] Antenna gain is used to measure the ability of an antenna to send and receive signals in a specific direction. It is one of the important parameters for selecting base station antennas. The higher the antenna gain, the better the directivity, the more concentrated the energy, and the narrower the lobe. The higher the gain, the longer the antenna. Among them, the antenna is a passive device and cannot generate energy. Antenna gain is only the ability to effectively concentrate energy to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves in a specific direction. Increasing antenna gain increases the coverage distance, but at the same time narrows the beam width, resulting in poor coverage uniformity. The selection of antenna gain should be based on the matching of beam and target. It is not advisable to excessively narrow the vertical beam width in order to increase gain. Only through optimization solutions, the level outside the service area is quickly reduced, the side lobe and back lobe are lowered, and the cross-polarization level is reduced to improve the antenna gain. That is, simply increasing the gain will increase the coverage distance, but the coverage range will be narrowed.

[0039] For liquid crystal antenna arrays, liquid crystal antenna arrays are generally formed by periodically arranging antennas and liquid crystal phase shifter units on a whole dielectric matrix (including an upper substrate, liquid crystal, and a lower substrate), and using the characteristics of the liquid crystal phase shifter to control the beam direction to achieve the functions of a phased array, a reflective array, or a transmission array. The principle of liquid crystal phase shifting technology is: when the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is fixed, as the external voltage changes, the electric field of the high-frequency microwave signal will have different dielectric constants, resulting in different phase delays, and the loss of the phase shifter will also change. When the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter increases, the loss also increases, and the phase shift range is positively correlated with the loss. In the related art, only one of the goals of low sidelobe or high gain is optimized. During the optimization process, only the array phase is optimized, and the phase shift range is fixed at 360°, so that the impact of loss is ignored during the optimization process. And because the phase shift range is fixed, it is impossible to switch between low sidelobe beams and high gain beams, and it is impossible to meet the diverse needs of users.

[0040] The liquid crystal antenna array beam control method, device, electronic device and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application can switch between high-gain beams and low-sidelobe beams according to user needs, determine the target beam, and determine the target beam that best matches the user needs by switching between high-gain beams and low-sidelobe beams to meet the diverse needs of users. Then, the target performance requirements are determined according to the target beam, and the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirements include high-gain performance requirements for high-gain beams or low-sidelobe performance requirements for low-sidelobe beams; since the types of target beams are different, the corresponding target performance requirements and the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter are also different, and determining the target performance requirements can clarify the direction of performance optimization, and according to the phase shift range, the voltage corresponding phase and voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam can be determined, so as to achieve targeted improvement of the performance optimization effect of different types of target beams. Finally, the target beam is optimized according to the voltage-corresponding phase, voltage-corresponding loss and phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirements, and the voltage codebook is output to obtain a voltage codebook that meets user needs. Through performance optimization, users' diverse needs for liquid crystal antenna arrays are met.

[0041] The following describes a liquid crystal antenna array beam control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the liquid crystal antenna array beam control method includes:

[0043] Step 201: Switch between a high-gain beam and a low-sidelobe beam to determine a target beam.

[0044] In specific implementation, if you want to switch between high-gain beams and low sidelobe beams, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter in the working state needs to be variable, because when optimizing the low sidelobe beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter needs to be set to 360° (that is, the phase shift range is n° to n+360°, that is, the difference between the upper and lower boundaries of the phase shift range is 360°, referred to as the phase shift range of 360°, indicating that the phase shift angle change range is 360°. In the embodiment of the present application, if there is no special explanation, n takes the value of 0), and when optimizing the high-gain beam, considering the influence of loss, it is necessary to reduce the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter to reduce loss and increase gain. Therefore, when the user needs a larger coverage distance, it can be switched to a high-gain beam; when the user needs a larger coverage width and has a certain demand for anti-interference, it can be switched to a low sidelobe beam. Therefore, when the user needs are different, the target beam can be determined in the high-gain beam and the low sidelobe beam by switching between the high-gain beam and the low sidelobe beam.

[0045] Step 202: Determine a target performance requirement according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirement includes a high gain performance requirement of a high gain beam or a low side lobe performance requirement of a low side lobe beam.

[0046] In specific implementation, the target performance requirement represents the goal or expectation of optimizing the target beam speed, that is, the optimization process can be terminated when the target beam is optimized to meet the target performance requirement, and the voltage codebook is output.

[0047] Among them, different target beams have different target performance requirements. For example, the high gain performance requirement of a high gain beam may be that the gain reaches a preset gain threshold, such as 3.2, 3.1, 3.0, 2.9, 2.8, etc.; the low sidelobe performance requirement of a low sidelobe beam may be that the difference between the first sidelobe level and the gain is less than a preset difference threshold, and the smaller the difference, the better the performance, for example, -12db, -14db, -16db, -18db, -20db, etc., wherein the coverage width is the angle between the half-power points of the sidelobes.

[0048] Step 203: Determine the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam.

[0049] In a specific implementation, the phase shift range refers to the range of change of the phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter. For example. When the target beam is a high-gain beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be fixed at 0° to 360°; when the target beam is a low sidelobe beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be 0° to a preset initial angle (also called initial phase), wherein the initial angle is less than 360°, for example: 330°, 300°, 270°, 240°, 210°, etc.

[0050] Step 204: Determine the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range.

[0051] In specific implementation, the liquid crystal material in the liquid crystal antenna array is a uniaxial crystal, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules has a fixed orientation. Under the action of an external electric field, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules deflects, and the dielectric constant also changes, resulting in changes in the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss, where each voltage-corresponding phase is an angle within the phase shift range. Therefore, when the phase shift range is different, the range of deflection of the liquid crystal molecule orientation is also different, and the corresponding voltage-corresponding phase and voltage-corresponding loss range are also different, that is, the voltage-corresponding phase cannot exceed the upper and lower boundary values ​​of the phase shift range, so it is necessary to determine the voltage-corresponding phase and voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam within the phase shift range.

[0052] Step 205: Optimize the target beam according to the voltage-corresponding phase, the voltage-corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and output the voltage codebook.

[0053] In specific implementation, since the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss are known, according to the azimuth angle α and the elevation angle θ of the liquid crystal antenna array in the three-dimensional space; the three-dimensional space is hemispherically mapped according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle to obtain a two-dimensional sinusoidal space (u, v), where u = sinθcosα and v = sinθsinα. Furthermore, phase is used to represent the voltage-corresponding phase, s is used to represent the voltage-corresponding loss, and there is s = 10log(mag), where mag represents the amplitude. When the target beam is a low sidelobe beam, according to the relationship between the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss, the antenna azimuth diagram F(u,v) in the (u,v) plane is determined by the z-dimensional fast Fourier transform, and the calculation process is: F(u,v) = fft2(mag·e (i·phase) )=(10 (s / 10) ·e (i ·phase) ).

[0054] Then, for the antenna pattern F(u,v) in the (u,v) plane, take dB, find the maximum value GAIN and the first maximum value SLL (the first maximum value represents the largest extreme value except the maximum value), and use GAIN-SLL as the first fitness function. The calculation formula of the first fitness function Score1 is as follows:

[0055] Score1 = GAIN - SLL.

[0056] Taking the particle swarm optimization algorithm as an example, the fitness of each individual in the pre-created initial population is calculated according to the first fitness function. If the low sidelobe performance requirements are met, the algorithm is terminated and the optimal individual is output; if not, the population is updated and the termination criterion is re-determined. This cycle is repeated until the optimization is terminated when the low sidelobe performance requirements are met, and the voltage codebook is output.

[0057] When the current target beam is a high-gain beam: the second fitness function is calculated using the gain value D(u,v) on the (u,v) plane. The calculation formula for the second fitness function Score2 is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Score2=10log 10 (D).

[0060] Taking the particle swarm optimization algorithm as an example, the fitness of each individual in the pre-created initial population is calculated according to the second fitness function. If the high gain performance requirement is met, the algorithm is terminated and the optimal individual is output; if not, the population is updated and the optimization is continued. If the final optimization result still does not meet the conditions, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is continued to be reduced and the optimization is continued. This cycle is repeated until the optimization is terminated when the high gain performance requirement is met and the voltage codebook is output.

[0061] In summary, the liquid crystal antenna array beam control method provided in the embodiment of the present application can switch between high-gain beams and low sidelobe beams according to user needs, determine the target beam, and determine the target beam that best matches the user needs by switching between high-gain beams and low sidelobe beams to meet the diverse needs of users. Then, the target performance requirements are determined according to the target beam, and the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirements include high-gain performance requirements for high-gain beams or low-sidelobe performance requirements for low-sidelobe beams; since the types of target beams are different, the corresponding target performance requirements and the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter are also different, and determining the target performance requirements can clarify the direction of performance optimization, and according to the phase shift range, the voltage corresponding phase and voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam can be determined, so as to achieve targeted improvement of the performance optimization effect of different types of target beams. Finally, the target beam is optimized according to the voltage-corresponding phase, voltage-corresponding loss and phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirements, and the voltage codebook is output to obtain a voltage codebook that meets user needs. Through performance optimization, users' diverse needs for liquid crystal antenna arrays are met.

[0062] In some embodiments, determining a phase shift range of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to a target beam includes:

[0063] In response to the target beam being a low sidelobe beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be n° to n+360°.

[0064] In specific implementation, when the target beam is a low sidelobe beam, if the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is reduced, the performance of some side lobes will deteriorate, which will affect the calculation result of the first fitness function. Therefore, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be n° to n+360°, which can improve the optimization effect of the low sidelobe beam.

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, determining the voltage corresponding phase and the voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range includes:

[0066] Step 301: In response to the target beam being a low sidelobe beam, a first external voltage of a liquid crystal phase shifter is obtained.

[0067] In specific implementation, changes in external voltage will cause the liquid crystal phase shifter to control the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby changing the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal phase shifter. Therefore, it is necessary to first determine the first external voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter, and the first external voltage can be changed.

[0068] Step 302: Determine, according to the first external voltage and a preset proportional relationship, a first voltage corresponding to a phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter when the phase shift range is n° to n+360°.

[0069] In specific implementation, the preset proportional relationship is that each first external voltage will correspond to a first voltage corresponding phase, and the range of the external voltage and the phase shift range are positively correlated, and the phase shift range (the difference between the upper and lower boundary values) and the loss are also positively correlated; that is, the larger the range of the external voltage, the larger the phase shift range, and the greater the loss. For example, when n takes a value of 0, assuming that the first external voltage corresponding to the upper boundary value of the phase shift range of 360° is 12V, then within the phase shift range, when the first external voltage is 0V, the first voltage corresponds to the phase of 0°, when the first external voltage is 2V, the first voltage corresponds to the phase of 58°, when the first external voltage is 4V, the first voltage corresponds to the phase of 124°, when the first external voltage is 6V, the first voltage corresponds to the phase of 176°, when the first external voltage is 12V, the first voltage corresponds to the phase of 360°, and the first external voltage is prohibited from exceeding 12V to avoid exceeding the phase shift range. Therefore, after determining the first external voltage, the first voltage corresponding phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter within the phase shift range can be determined according to the first external voltage and the preset proportional relationship.

[0070] Step 303: determining a first voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to the first external voltage and the phase shift range.

[0071] In specific implementation, when n takes different values ​​in the phase shift range, the maximum value of the loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter will also be different. At this time, the phase shift range corresponding to n that minimizes the maximum loss is selected. After determining the value of n, the functional relationship between the first external voltage and the loss corresponding to the first voltage (each value of n will correspond to a functional relationship) will be determined, and the loss corresponding to the first voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined based on the functional relationship and the first external voltage.

[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 4a As shown, the target beam is optimized according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirements, and a voltage codebook is output, including:

[0073] Step 401: Obtain the azimuth and elevation angles of the liquid crystal antenna array in three-dimensional space.

[0074] In specific implementation, the liquid crystal antenna array is located in a three-dimensional space during actual use, but the gain of the liquid crystal antenna array is used to measure the ability of the liquid crystal antenna array to send and receive signals in a specific direction, so it is more convenient to measure the gain in the two-dimensional plane where the specific direction is located. The two-dimensional plane is generally the vertical plane of the antenna. Therefore, to achieve hemispherical mapping from a three-dimensional plane to a two-dimensional plane, it is necessary to determine the azimuth angle α and pitch angle θ of the liquid crystal antenna array in the three-dimensional space.

[0075] Step 402: Perform hemispherical mapping on the three-dimensional space according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle to obtain a two-dimensional sinusoidal space.

[0076] In the specific implementation, the three-dimensional space is hemispherically mapped according to the azimuth and elevation angles, and u = sinθcosα, v = sinθsinα, to obtain a two-dimensional sinusoidal space (u, v). (u, v) can also be understood as a plane coordinate system with the origin (u = 0, v = 0), one direction axis is the u direction, and the other direction axis is the v direction.

[0077] Step 403: Determine the planar antenna pattern in the sinusoidal space according to the phase corresponding to the first voltage and the loss corresponding to the first voltage.

[0078] In specific implementation, phase is used to represent the voltage corresponding phase, s is used to represent the voltage corresponding loss, and s = 10log(mag), where mag represents the amplitude. When the target beam is a low sidelobe beam, the antenna azimuth diagram in the (u, v) plane is determined by z-dimensional fast Fourier transform according to the relationship between the voltage corresponding phase and the voltage corresponding loss: F(u, v) = fft2(mag·e (i·phase) )=(10 (s / 10) ·e (i·phase) ).

[0079] Step 404: Optimize the low sidelobe beam according to the planar antenna pattern until the low sidelobe beam meets the low sidelobe performance requirement, and output a voltage codebook corresponding to the optimized low sidelobe beam.

[0080] In some embodiments, optimizing a low sidelobe beam based on a planar antenna pattern includes:

[0081] Step 4041: Determine the maximum value and the first maximum value according to the planar antenna pattern.

[0082] In a specific implementation, the antenna pattern F(u,v) in the (u,v) plane is taken in dB to find the maximum value GAIN and the first maximum value SLL.

[0083] Step 4042: Construct a first fitness function according to the maximum value and the first maximum value.

[0084] In the specific implementation, GAIN-SLL is used as the first fitness function, and the calculation formula of the first fitness function Score1 is as follows:

[0085] Score1 = GAIN - SLL.

[0086] Step 4043: According to the first fitness function, a particle swarm optimization algorithm or a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the low sidelobe beam.

[0087] In specific implementation, taking the particle swarm optimization algorithm as an example, each liquid crystal phase shifter unit in the liquid crystal antenna array corresponds to a particle in the particle swarm optimization algorithm, all liquid crystal phase shifter units in the liquid crystal antenna array correspond to the particle population in the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the (u, v) plane coordinate system corresponds to the solution space in the particle swarm optimization algorithm, a value of the antenna azimuth diagram F(u, v) in the (u, v) plane coordinate system corresponds to a solution in the solution space of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, each point corresponds to a gain value, and the global optimal solution obtained by the particle swarm optimization algorithm corresponds to the point with the largest gain in the (u, v) plane coordinate system.

[0088] like Figure 4b As shown, the optimization process includes: calculating the fitness of each individual in the pre-created initial population according to the first fitness function. If the low sidelobe performance requirement is met and the termination rule is determined to be met, the algorithm is terminated and the optimal individual is output; if it is not met, the population is updated (including: updating the speed and position of each particle to calculate the fitness value of each particle, updating the individual historical optimal fitness value and position of each particle, updating the historical optimal fitness value and position of the group, updating other parameters such as inertia weight, number of iterations, etc.), re-determining the termination criterion, and repeating this cycle until the optimization is terminated when the low sidelobe performance requirement is met, and the voltage codebook is output.

[0089] like Figure 4c As shown, taking the genetic algorithm as an example, each individual is represented by a chromosome, and the population can be regarded as a set of chromosomes. The optimization process includes: calculating the fitness of each individual in the pre-created initial population according to the first fitness function. If the low sidelobe performance requirement is met and the termination rule is determined to be met, the algorithm is terminated and the optimal individual is output; if not, the population is updated and the termination criterion is re-determined, and the cycle is repeated until the optimization is terminated when the low sidelobe performance requirement is met, and the voltage codebook is output. Among them, updating the population includes three steps: selection, crossover, and mutation. Selection means that after calculating the fitness of each individual in the population, the selection process is used to determine which individual in the population will be used for reproduction and produce the next generation. Individuals with higher values ​​are more likely to be selected and pass their genetic material to the next generation. There is still a chance to select individuals with low fitness values, but the probability is low. In this way, their genetic material will not be completely abandoned. Crossover is to create a pair of new individuals. Usually, part of the chromosomes of the parent samples selected from the current generation are exchanged (crossed) to create two new chromosomes representing the offspring. This operation is called crossover or recombination. The purpose of the mutation operation is to periodically update the population randomly, introduce new patterns into the chromosomes, and encourage search in unknown regions of the solution space. Mutations may appear as random changes to genes. Mutations are achieved by randomly changing one or more chromosome values.

[0090] In some embodiments, determining a phase shift range of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to a target beam includes:

[0091] In response to the target beam being a high-gain beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be n° to n+β°; wherein n+β° is an initial angle smaller than n+360°.

[0092] In specific implementation, when the target beam is a high-gain beam, considering the influence of loss, it is necessary to reduce the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter. Therefore, when optimizing the high-gain beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be n° to an initial angle n+β° less than n+360°, which is equivalent to reducing the loss by reducing the phase shift range, thereby increasing the gain. And when the initial angle cannot meet the high-gain performance requirements, the initial angle can be further reduced to further reduce the phase shift range, reduce the loss, and increase the gain.

[0093] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, determining the voltage corresponding phase and the voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range includes:

[0094] Step 501: In response to the target beam being a high-gain beam, a second external voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter is obtained.

[0095] In specific implementation, when the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is fixed at the initial angle, and after the initial angle is changed and fixed, changes in external voltage will cause the liquid crystal phase shifter to control the direction of the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby changing the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal phase shifter. Therefore, it is necessary to first determine the second external voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter, and the second external voltage can be changed.

[0096] Step 502: Determine the phase corresponding to the second voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter when the phase shift range is from n° to n+β° according to the second external voltage and a preset proportional relationship.

[0097] In specific implementation, the preset proportional relationship is that each second external voltage will correspond to two second voltage corresponding phases. For example, when n takes a value of 0 and β takes a value of 300, assuming that the second external voltage corresponding to the upper boundary value of the phase shift range of 300° is 6V, then within the phase shift range, when the second external voltage is 0V, the second voltage corresponds to a phase of 0°, when the second external voltage is 1V, the second voltage corresponds to a phase of 49°, when the second external voltage is 2V, the second voltage corresponds to a phase of 101°, when the second external voltage is 3V, the second voltage corresponds to a phase of 153°, when the second external voltage is 6V, the second voltage corresponds to a phase of 300°, and the second external voltage is prohibited from exceeding 6V to avoid exceeding the phase shift range. Therefore, after determining the second external voltage, the second voltage corresponding phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter within the phase shift range can be determined based on the second external voltage and the preset proportional relationship.

[0098] Step 503: determining a second voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to the second external voltage and the phase shift range.

[0099] In specific implementation, when n takes different values ​​in the phase shift range, the maximum loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter will also be different. At this time, the phase shift range corresponding to n that minimizes the maximum loss is selected. After determining the value of n, the functional relationship between the second external voltage and the loss corresponding to the second voltage (each value of n will correspond to a functional relationship) will be determined, and the loss corresponding to the second voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined based on the functional relationship and the second external voltage.

[0100] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the target beam is optimized according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirements, and a voltage codebook is output, including:

[0101] Step 601: Obtain the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the liquid crystal antenna in three-dimensional space.

[0102] In specific implementation, the liquid crystal antenna array is located in a three-dimensional space during actual use, but the gain of the liquid crystal antenna array is used to measure the ability of the liquid crystal antenna array to send and receive signals in a specific direction, so it is more convenient to measure the gain in the two-dimensional plane where the specific direction is located. The two-dimensional plane is generally the vertical plane of the antenna. Therefore, to achieve hemispherical mapping from a three-dimensional plane to a two-dimensional plane, it is necessary to determine the azimuth angle α and pitch angle θ of the liquid crystal antenna array in the three-dimensional space.

[0103] Step 602: Perform hemispherical mapping on the three-dimensional space according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle to obtain a two-dimensional sinusoidal space.

[0104] In specific implementation, hemispherical mapping is performed on the three-dimensional space according to the azimuth angle and the pitch angle, and u=sinθcosα, v=sinθsinα, to obtain a two-dimensional sinusoidal space (u, v).

[0105] Step 603: construct a second fitness function according to the gain value of the sine space.

[0106] In specific implementation, phase is used to represent the voltage corresponding phase, s is used to represent the voltage corresponding loss, and s = 10log(mag), where mag represents the amplitude. When the target beam is a low sidelobe beam, the antenna azimuth diagram in the (u, v) plane is determined by z-dimensional fast Fourier transform according to the relationship between the voltage corresponding phase and the voltage corresponding loss: F(u, v) = fft2(mag·e (i·phase) )=(10 (s / 10) ·e (i·phase) ). The gain value D(u,v) of the sinusoidal space is determined according to the antenna azimuth diagram, and the second fitness function is calculated according to the gain value. The calculation formula of the second fitness function Score2 is as follows:

[0107]

[0108] Score2=10log 10 (D).

[0109] Step 604: Optimize the high-gain beam according to the second fitness function and the initial angle until the high-gain beam meets the high-gain performance requirement, and output a voltage codebook corresponding to the optimized high-gain beam.

[0110] In some embodiments, optimizing the high gain beam according to the second fitness function and the initial angle includes:

[0111] Step 6041: According to the second fitness function, a particle swarm optimization algorithm or a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the high gain beam to obtain an initial optimal high gain beam.

[0112] In specific implementation, a particle swarm optimization algorithm or a genetic algorithm can be used to optimize the high-gain beam. The optimization process includes: calculating the fitness of each individual in the pre-created initial population according to the first fitness function. If the high-gain performance requirements are met and the termination rule is determined to be met, the algorithm is terminated and the optimal individual is output; if not, the population is updated (including: updating the speed and position of each particle to calculate the fitness value of each particle, updating the individual historical optimal fitness value and position of each particle, updating the historical optimal fitness value and position of the group, and updating other parameters, such as inertia weight, number of iterations, etc.), and re-determining the termination criterion. This cycle is repeated until the optimization is terminated when the high-gain performance requirements are met, and the initial optimal high-gain beam at the initial angle is obtained.

[0113] Step 6042: In response to the initial optimal high-gain beam satisfying the high-gain performance requirement, the optimization ends.

[0114] In specific implementation, if the initial optimal high-gain beam meets the high-gain performance requirement, the optimization ends and the initial optimal high-gain beam is output.

[0115] Step 6043: In response to the initial optimal high-gain beam not meeting the high-gain performance requirement, a difference angle between the initial angle and the preset angle adjustment value is determined as a new phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter.

[0116] In specific implementation, if the initial optimal high-gain beam does not meet the high-gain performance requirements, the difference angle between the initial angle and the preset angle adjustment value is determined as the new phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter. For example, if the initial angle is 300° and the preset angle adjustment value is 60°, if the optimal individual at the initial angle does not meet the high-gain performance requirements, the new phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is 300°-60°=240°.

[0117] Step 6044: Determine a new optimal high-gain beam based on the new phase shift range. If the new optimal high-gain beam meets the high-gain performance requirements, the optimization ends. If the new optimal high-gain beam does not meet the high-gain performance requirements, continue to reduce the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to the angle adjustment value until the obtained optimal high-gain beam meets the high-gain performance requirements and the optimization ends.

[0118] In specific implementation, for example, if the initial angle is 300° and the preset angle adjustment value is 60°, if the optimal individual at the initial angle does not meet the high gain performance requirement, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is reduced to 300°-60°=240°. If the optimal individual at the new phase shift range of 240° still cannot meet the high gain performance requirement, continue to reduce the phase shift range to 240°-60°=180° until the optimal high gain beam obtained meets the high gain performance requirement and the optimization ends.

[0119] In some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, switching between a high-gain beam and a low-sidelobe beam is performed to determine a target beam, including:

[0120] Step 701: Determine the current beam and the required beam.

[0121] In specific implementation, if you want to switch between high-gain beam and low-sidelobe beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter in the working state needs to be variable, because when optimizing the low-sidelobe beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter needs to be set to 360°, and when optimizing the high-gain beam, considering the influence of loss, it is necessary to reduce the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter to reduce loss and increase gain. The higher the gain, the stronger the directivity of the antenna, that is, the coverage distance of the antenna using the high-gain beam is larger, but the antenna using the high-gain beam may move its position (the position of the antenna in the three-dimensional space changes) and the effect becomes worse. The coverage distance of the antenna using the low-sidelobe beam may not be as far as that of the antenna using the high-gain beam, but the antenna using the low-sidelobe beam has little effect on the receiving effect when the position changes, and has a strong anti-interference ability.

[0122] Therefore, when the user needs a larger coverage distance, the required beam corresponding to the user's needs is a high-gain beam; when the user needs to have a stronger anti-interference ability, the user has a lower coverage distance requirement and requires a larger coverage width, and the required beam corresponding to the user's needs is a low-sidelobe beam. Therefore, when the user needs are different, the target beam can be determined in the high-gain beam and the low-sidelobe beam by switching between the high-gain beam and the low-sidelobe beam. The current beam is the beam type corresponding to the previous user's needs.

[0123] Step 702: In response to the current beam being the same as the required beam, determining the beam type of the current beam as the target beam.

[0124] In specific implementation, if the current beam is the same as the required beam and is a high-gain beam, the beam optimization can be performed directly according to the new high-gain performance requirement; if the current beam is the same as the required beam and is a low sidelobe beam, after restoring the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter to the initial angle, the beam optimization can be performed according to the new low sidelobe performance requirement.

[0125] Step 703: In response to the current beam being different from the required beam, the current beam is switched to the required beam, and the beam type corresponding to the required beam is determined as the target beam.

[0126] In specific implementation, if the current beam is different from the required beam, and the beam type corresponding to the required beam is a high-gain beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is set to 360°, and the beam is optimized according to the new high-gain performance requirement; if the current beam is different from the required beam, and the beam type corresponding to the required beam is a low-sidelobe beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is set to the initial angle, and the beam is optimized according to the new low-sidelobe performance requirement. On-demand switching between high-gain beams and low-sidelobe beams is achieved to meet user needs and improve user experience.

[0127] It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present application can be performed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method of this embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scenario and completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only perform one or more steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the described method.

[0128] It should be noted that the above describes some embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0129] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiment methods, the present application also provides a liquid crystal antenna array beam control device.

[0130] refer to Figure 8 , the liquid crystal antenna array beam control device comprises:

[0131] The target beam determination module 10 is configured to: switch between the high-gain beam and the low-sidelobe beam to determine the target beam;

[0132] The performance requirement determination module 20 is configured to: determine a target performance requirement according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirement includes a high gain performance requirement of the high gain beam or a low side lobe performance requirement of the low side lobe beam;

[0133] The phase shift range determination module 30 is configured to: determine the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam;

[0134] The phase loss determination module 40 is configured to: determine the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range;

[0135] The optimization output determination module 50 is configured to optimize the target beam according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and output a voltage codebook.

[0136] For the convenience of description, the above device is described in terms of functions divided into various modules. Of course, when implementing the present application, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0137] The device of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding liquid crystal antenna array beam control method in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0138] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiments and methods, the present application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the liquid crystal antenna array beam control method described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0139] Fig. 9 A more specific schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in this embodiment is shown, and the device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 are connected to each other through the bus 1050 in the device.

[0140] The processor 1010 can be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0141] The memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage device, dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and are called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0142] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect the input / output module to realize information input and output. The input / output module can be configured in the device as a component (not shown in the figure), or it can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. The input device may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output device may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.

[0143] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown) to realize communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication module can realize communication through a wired mode (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or a wireless mode (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0144] The bus 1050 includes a path that transmits information between the various components of the device (eg, the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040).

[0145] It should be noted that, although the above device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040 and the bus 1050, in the specific implementation process, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the above device may also only include the components necessary for implementing the embodiments of the present specification, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the figure.

[0146] The electronic device of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding liquid crystal antenna array beam control method in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0147] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiment methods, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the liquid crystal antenna array beam control method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0148] The computer-readable medium of this embodiment includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, read-only compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

[0149] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiment are used to enable the computer to execute the liquid crystal antenna array beam control method as described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] It is understandable that before using the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present disclosure, the type, scope of use, usage scenarios, etc. of the personal information involved will be informed to the user in an appropriate manner, and the user's authorization will be obtained.

[0151] For example, in response to receiving an active request from a user, a prompt message is sent to the user to clearly remind the user that the operation requested to be performed will require obtaining and using the user's personal information. Thus, the user can independently choose whether to provide personal information to software or hardware such as an electronic device, application, server, or storage medium that performs the operation of the technical solution of the present disclosure according to the prompt message.

[0152] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, in response to receiving the user's active request, the prompt information may be sent to the user in the form of a pop-up window, in which the prompt information may be presented in text form. In addition, the pop-up window may also carry a selection control for the user to choose "agree" or "disagree" to provide personal information to the electronic device.

[0153] It is understandable that the above notification and the process of obtaining user authorization are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the implementation of the present disclosure. Other methods that meet relevant laws and regulations may also be applied to the implementation of the present disclosure.

[0154] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present application (including the claims) is limited to these examples. In line with the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0155] In addition, to simplify the description and discussion, and in order not to make the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, the known power supply / ground connection with the integrated circuit (IC) chip and other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. In addition, the device can be shown in the form of a block diagram to avoid making the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform to be implemented in the embodiments of the present application (that is, these details should be fully within the scope of understanding of those skilled in the art). In the case of elaborating specific details (e.g., circuits) to describe exemplary embodiments of the present application, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented without these specific details or when these specific details are changed. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered to be illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0156] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present application, many replacements, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the embodiments discussed.

[0157] The embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal antenna array beam control method, characterized in that: include: Switching between high-gain beams and low-sidelobe beams to determine the target beam; Determining a target performance requirement according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirement includes a high gain performance requirement of the high gain beam or a low side lobe performance requirement of the low side lobe beam; determining a phase shift range of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam; Determining the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range; The target beam is optimized according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and a voltage codebook is output.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam comprises: In response to the target beam being the low sidelobe beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be n° to n+360°.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range includes: In response to the target beam being the low sidelobe beam, acquiring a first external voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter; Determine, according to the first external voltage and a preset proportional relationship, a first voltage corresponding phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter when the phase shift range is n° to n+360°; A first voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined according to the first external voltage and the phase shift range.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of optimizing the target beam according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss, and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and outputting a voltage codebook includes: Obtaining the azimuth and elevation angles of the liquid crystal antenna array in three-dimensional space; Performing hemispherical mapping on the three-dimensional space according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle to obtain a two-dimensional sinusoidal space; Determining a planar antenna pattern in the sinusoidal space according to a phase corresponding to the first voltage and a loss corresponding to the first voltage; The low sidelobe beam is optimized according to the planar antenna pattern until the low sidelobe beam meets the low sidelobe performance requirement, and a voltage codebook corresponding to the optimized low sidelobe beam is output.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The optimizing the low sidelobe beam according to the planar antenna pattern comprises: Determining a maximum value and a first maximum value according to the planar antenna pattern; Constructing a first fitness function according to the maximum value and the first maximum value; According to the first fitness function, a particle swarm optimization algorithm or a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the low sidelobe beam.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam comprises: In response to the target beam being the high-gain beam, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined to be n° to n+β°; wherein n+β° is an initial angle less than n+360°.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The step of determining the voltage-corresponding phase and the voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range includes: In response to the target beam being the high-gain beam, acquiring a second external voltage of the liquid crystal phase shifter; Determining a second voltage corresponding to a phase of the liquid crystal phase shifter when the phase shift range is n° to n+β° according to the second external voltage and a preset proportional relationship; A second voltage corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter is determined according to the second external voltage and the phase shift range.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The step of optimizing the target beam according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss, and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and outputting a voltage codebook includes: Obtaining the azimuth and elevation angles of the liquid crystal antenna in three-dimensional space; Performing hemispherical mapping on the three-dimensional space according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle to obtain a two-dimensional sinusoidal space; Constructing a second fitness function according to the gain value of the sine space; The high-gain beam is optimized according to the second fitness function and the initial angle until the high-gain beam meets the high-gain performance requirement, and a voltage codebook corresponding to the optimized high-gain beam is output.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The optimizing the high-gain beam according to the second fitness function and the initial angle comprises: According to the second fitness function, the high-gain beam is optimized by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm or a genetic algorithm to obtain an initial optimal high-gain beam; In response to the initial optimal high-gain beam satisfying the high-gain performance requirement, the optimization ends; In response to the initial optimal high-gain beam not meeting the high-gain performance requirement, determining a difference angle between the initial angle and a preset angle adjustment value as a new phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter; A new optimal high-gain beam is determined based on the new phase shift range. If the new optimal high-gain beam meets the high-gain performance requirement, the optimization ends. If the new optimal high-gain beam does not meet the high-gain performance requirement, the phase shift range of the liquid crystal phase shifter is further reduced according to the angle adjustment value until the obtained optimal high-gain beam meets the high-gain performance requirement, and the optimization ends.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The switching of the high-gain beam and the low-sidelobe beam to determine the target beam includes: Determine the current beam and the required beam; In response to the current beam being the same as the required beam, determining the beam type of the current beam as the target beam; In response to the current beam being different from the required beam, the current beam is switched to the required beam, and a beam type corresponding to the required beam is determined as a target beam.

11. A liquid crystal antenna array beam control device, characterized in that: include: The target beam determination module is configured to: switch between the high-gain beam and the low-sidelobe beam to determine the target beam; A performance requirement determination module is configured to: determine a target performance requirement according to the target beam; wherein the target performance requirement includes a high gain performance requirement of the high gain beam or a low side lobe performance requirement of the low side lobe beam; A phase shift range determination module is configured to: determine a phase shift range of a liquid crystal phase shifter according to the target beam; A phase loss determination module is configured to: determine a voltage-corresponding phase and a voltage-corresponding loss of the liquid crystal phase shifter corresponding to the target beam according to the phase shift range; The optimization output determination module is configured to optimize the target beam according to the voltage corresponding phase, the voltage corresponding loss and the phase shift range until the optimized target beam meets the target performance requirement, and output a voltage codebook.

12. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented.

13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that: The computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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