Cherry tomato illumination control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an illumination control method and system for cherry tomatoes, and the method comprises the following steps: dividing the growth process of the cherry tomatoes after planting and seedling recovery into a vegetative growth stage and a reproductive growth stage, the vegetative growth stage being a stage before flowering, and the reproductive growth stage being a stage after flowering; in the vegetative growth stage, low-frequency light is adopted to provide an illumination environment for the cherry tomatoes; in the reproductive growth stage, low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and / or high-frequency light are adopted to provide an illumination environment for the cherry tomatoes; in the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the illumination time of one day is 11-13 hours, and the dark environment is kept in the remaining time. According to the method, different variable-frequency light irradiation treatments are adopted, so that the growth and fruit quality of the cherry tomatoes are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth illumination control, in particular to a method and system for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes. Background Art

[0002] Cherry tomatoes are widely popular for their sweet taste and rich nutrients, and have a huge consumer market worldwide. Cherry tomatoes need sufficient sunlight during their planting and growth. In order to increase the planting rate, make cherry tomatoes grow more healthily, and meet people's needs all year round, growers grow them in greenhouses or indoors. The light required for cherry tomatoes during their growth is met by lamps. However, with the intensification of agricultural production and the diversification of market demand, traditional lighting management technology faces huge challenges in responding to increasing yields and optimizing quality. Traditional lighting management often involves setting fixed lamps in the planting site. The lighting angle of the lamps remains relatively fixed, and the light intensity effect is also relatively fixed. Fixed lighting technology is difficult to achieve optimal energy efficiency and light efficiency utilization.

[0003] Traditional lighting control methods mostly use continuous lighting or simple periodic lighting, and in most cases, timed and quantitative lighting. This simple lighting management method has the following problems in actual production:

[0004] 1. Low energy efficiency: Conventional lighting methods cannot flexibly adjust lighting parameters, resulting in low light efficiency utilization and serious energy waste.

[0005] 2. Lack of dynamic adjustment: Plants have different requirements for light at different growth stages. Traditional lighting methods cannot achieve dynamic regulation and are unable to fully meet the growth needs of cherry tomatoes.

[0006] 3. Limited quality improvement: Simple light control methods cannot significantly improve the quality of the fruit, such as sugar content, vitamin content, antioxidants, etc.

[0007] Therefore, there are still many problems in how to improve light management, better promote the growth of cherry tomatoes and obtain higher quality. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a lighting control method and system for cherry tomatoes.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] The growth process of cherry tomatoes after the setting value and seedling acclimatization is divided into the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, of which the vegetative growth stage is the pre-flowering stage and the reproductive growth stage is the post-flowering stage.

[0012] In the vegetative growth stage, low-frequency light is used to provide a lighting environment for cherry tomatoes;

[0013] During the reproductive growth stage, low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and / or high-frequency light are used to provide a lighting environment for cherry tomatoes;

[0014] During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the light hours are 11-13 hours a day, and the rest of the time is kept in a dark environment.

[0015] The parameters of the low-frequency light are: period t=40-60ms, frequency f=20-30Hz, duty cycle 50%-60%; the parameters of the medium-frequency light are: period t=5-8ms, frequency f=200-300Hz, duty cycle 50%-60%; the parameters of the high-frequency light are: period t=500-600ms, frequency f=2K-3KHz, duty cycle 50%-60%.

[0016] During the vegetative growth phase, the light quality was configured as follows: red light, blue light, and green light in a ratio of 6:2:1, and the light intensity was set to 500-600 μmol / m 2 / s; during the reproductive growth stage, the light quality configuration is: red light, blue light, green light and far-red light in a ratio of 6:2:1:1, and the light intensity is set to 700-800μmol / m 2 / s.

[0017] During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, light is continuously irradiated for 11-13 hours a day.

[0018] During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the initial time node of light exposure is any time of the day.

[0019] During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the light frequency is detected in real time to check whether the current light is at the set frequency. If not, adjustments are made.

[0020] In the reproductive growth stage, if at least two combinations of low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and high-frequency light are used, the entire cycle of the reproductive growth stage is divided into several sub-cycles, and the same frequency of light is used for irradiation in one sub-cycle.

[0021] During the vegetative growth stage, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and number of leaves of cherry tomatoes were recorded and a table was created; during the reproductive growth stage, the weight, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of cherry tomato fruits were recorded, as well as the yield of single cherry tomatoes and the soluble solids of the fruits, and a table was created.

[0022] During the vegetative growth stage, a nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity of 1.6-2mS / cm is used; during the reproductive growth stage, a nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity of 2.4-2.6mS / cm is used.

[0023] A lighting control system for cherry tomatoes, comprising:

[0024] A light source unit, for emitting low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and high-frequency light;

[0025] A control unit, used to control the operation and lighting time of the light source unit;

[0026] A detection unit, used to detect the frequency of the current light;

[0027] a wireless communication unit connected to the control unit and wirelessly communicating with the remote terminal;

[0028] An alarm unit is used to issue an alarm message.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] By using specific light quality and light intensity, and using light of corresponding frequency for irradiation at different growth stages to provide a lighting environment, especially using low-frequency light in the vegetative growth stage, and preferably using medium-frequency or high-frequency light for lighting treatment in the reproductive growth stage, plant growth can be promoted, and the plant height, stem thickness and leaf area of ​​cherry tomatoes can be increased. While saving energy, it can also improve the utilization efficiency of light, increase the single fruit weight and fruit yield, and increase the soluble solids in the fruit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] A lighting control system for cherry tomatoes includes: a light source unit for emitting low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and high-frequency light; a control unit for controlling the operation and light-emitting time of the light source unit; a detection unit for detecting the frequency of the current light; a wireless communication unit connected to the control unit and wirelessly communicating with a remote terminal; and an alarm unit for issuing an alarm message. When the detection unit detects that the frequency of the current light does not match the preset frequency, an alarm message is issued through the alarm unit, and the message can be sent to a mobile phone with a specified number or other smart terminal. A ring can also be set to emit a sound for reminder. In addition, a camera can be set to remotely view or monitor in real time, and send images to a remote terminal.

[0035] Pink cherry tomatoes were used as the experimental material.

[0036] 1. Seed germination and sowing

[0037] At the beginning of the experiment, the pink cherry tomato seeds were germinated. Subsequently, the germinated seeds were sown in 72-hole trays, and the substrate was peat:perlite=3:1. In order to ensure the healthy growth of the seedlings, the seedlings were cultivated under uniform environmental conditions to ensure the uniformity of the seedling quality.

[0038] Light conditions: light intensity was set to 250 μmol / m 2 / s, and the light quality is configured as red light: blue light in a ratio of 3:1.

[0039] Photoperiod: Daily light duration is 12 hours.

[0040] Nutrient solution: Use the Hua Nong fruit and vegetable formula, and the electrical conductivity (EC) is set to 1.2mS / cm.

[0041] After 23 days of growth, when the seedlings reach the stage of three leaves and one heart, proceed to the next step.

[0042] 2. Planting and seedling acclimatization

[0043] When the seedlings grow to the stage of three leaves and one heart, gently wash off the substrate attached to the roots and plant them in the pre-prepared hydroponic system. In the first week after planting, the seedlings are treated to ensure that the plants adapt to the new growth environment.

[0044] Seedling acclimatization period: lasts for 7 days.

[0045] Lighting conditions: Uniform lighting conditions remain constant.

[0046] After the seedling acclimatization period, the vegetative growth stage, i.e. the pre-flowering stage, is entered. After the vegetative growth stage, the reproductive growth stage, i.e. the flowering stage, is entered. To ensure the consistency of implementation, the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage use the same nutrient solution with different conductivity. The nutrient solution with conductivity of 1.6-2mS / cm is used in the vegetative growth stage; the nutrient solution with conductivity of 2.4-2.6mS / cm is used in the reproductive growth stage.

[0047] The frequencies of the light applied are:

[0048] Low frequency: period t=50ms, frequency f=20Hz, duty cycle 50%; medium frequency: period t=5ms, frequency f=200Hz, duty cycle 50%; high frequency: period t=500ms, frequency f=2kHz, duty cycle 50%.

[0049] During the vegetative growth phase, the light quality was configured as red, blue, and green light in a ratio of 6:2:1, and the light intensity was set to 500 μmol / m 2 / s; during the reproductive growth stage, the light quality configuration was: red light, blue light, green light and far-red light in a ratio of 6:2:1:1, and the light intensity was set to 700 μmol / m 2 / s.

[0050] On the basis of the above data, different frequency conversion combinations are used for comparison and implementation. The low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and high-frequency light mentioned in the following embodiments are all lights with the above parameters.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] During the vegetative growth stage, low-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, low-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] During the vegetative growth stage, low-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, medium-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0055] Embodiment 3

[0056] During the vegetative growth stage, low-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, high-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] During the vegetative growth stage, medium-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, low-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0059] Comparative Example 2

[0060] During the vegetative growth stage, medium-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, medium-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] During the vegetative growth stage, medium-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, high-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0063] Comparative Example 4

[0064] During the vegetative growth stage, high-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, low-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0065] Comparative Example 5

[0066] During the vegetative growth stage, high-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, medium-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0067] Comparative Example 6

[0068] During the vegetative growth stage, high-frequency light is used for 12 hours; during the reproductive growth stage, high-frequency light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0069] Comparative Example 7

[0070] During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the same frequency of light is used for 12 hours, and the rest of the time the environment is kept dark.

[0071] As for the start and end time of lighting, it is generally continuous illumination, so the end time will depend on the start time. During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the initial time node of lighting is any time of the day, for example, lighting starts at 8 am and lasts until 8 pm; or lighting starts at 6 am and lasts until 6 pm.

[0072] During the vegetative growth stage, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and number of leaves of cherry tomatoes were recorded and a table was created; during the reproductive growth stage, the weight, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of cherry tomato fruits were recorded, as well as the yield of single cherry tomatoes and the soluble solids of the fruits, and a table was created.

[0073] Three embodiments and seven comparative examples are collectively presented in Table 1 below.

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] In Table 1, T1 corresponds to Example 1, T2 corresponds to Example 2, T3 corresponds to Example 3, T4 corresponds to Example 1, T5 corresponds to Example 2, T6 corresponds to Example 3, T7 corresponds to Example 4, T8 corresponds to Example 5, T9 corresponds to Example 6, and CK corresponds to Example 7.

[0077] The data of plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and leaf size of cherry tomatoes in the vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage are compiled into the following Table 2:

[0078] Table 2 Effects of variable light intensity treatment on the growth of cherry tomatoes at different growth stages

[0079]

[0080] As shown in Table 2, the plant height of T1, T2 and CK was significantly higher than that of T6, T7 and T9; the stem diameter of T2 and CK was significantly higher than that of T6 and T9; the leaf area of ​​T1, T2 and CK was slightly higher than that of T3 and significantly higher than that of other treatments. The ranking of each growth index was as follows: plant height: T1>T2>T3>CK>T4>T5>T8>T6>T9>T7, stem diameter: T2>CK>T3>T5>T4>T1>T6>T7>T8>T9, leaf area T2>CK>T1>T3, but there was no significant difference between T1, T2, T3 and CK. In general, compared with high-frequency light treatment, low-frequency light in the vegetative growth stage, combined with low-frequency light or medium-frequency light treatment in the reproductive growth stage, can promote the growth of cherry tomatoes and increase the plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of ​​cherry tomatoes. Through variable frequency light treatment, the utilization efficiency of light can be improved while saving energy.

[0081] The weight, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of the cherry tomato fruit were recorded and formed into the following Table 3:

[0082] Table 3 Effects of variable light intensity treatments at different growth stages on the yield and quality of cherry tomato fruits

[0083]

[0084] The single fruit weight of T2 was significantly higher than that of other treatments, the transverse diameter of T1 and T2 was significantly higher than that of other treatments, the longitudinal diameter of T1, T2, T3 and CK treatments was significantly higher than that of other treatments, the single plant yield of T2 was slightly higher than that of CK, and significantly higher than that of other treatments, and the soluble solids of T3 treatment was slightly higher than that of T1, T2, CK, and T9, and significantly higher than that of other treatments. In general, compared with CK, T2 treatment can increase the single fruit weight and fruit yield of fruits, and T3 treatment can increase the soluble solids of fruits.

[0085] It can be seen that the use of low-frequency light treatment in the vegetative growth stage and medium-frequency light treatment in the reproductive growth stage can significantly improve fruit yield, soluble solids in the fruit, plant height, stem thickness, leaf area and leaves, which is the optimal solution. The use of low-frequency light in the vegetative growth stage and low-frequency or high-frequency light in the reproductive growth stage is a suboptimal solution. Different growth conditions can be met by using different combinations of light treatments of different frequencies. By automatically adjusting the frequency, duration and intensity of the light source, precise light control can be achieved according to the different growth stages of the plant. It can not only better simulate the natural light environment and improve the efficiency of photosynthesis, but also improve the quality of the fruit while saving energy.

[0086] In addition, the low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency can also be selected as other parameters. The parameters of low frequency light are: period t = 60ms, frequency f = 30Hz, duty cycle 60%; the parameters of medium frequency light are: period t = 8ms, frequency f = 300Hz, duty cycle 60%; the parameters of high frequency light are: period t = 600ms, frequency f = 3KHz, duty cycle 60%. In the vegetative growth stage, the light quality configuration is: red light, blue light and green light in a ratio of 6:2:1, and the light intensity is set to 600μmol / m 2 / s; during the reproductive growth stage, the light quality configuration was: red light, blue light, green light and far-red light in a ratio of 6:2:1:1, and the light intensity was set to 800 μmol / m 2 / s.

[0087] It should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The growth process of cherry tomatoes after the setting value and seedling acclimatization is divided into the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, of which the vegetative growth stage is the pre-flowering stage and the reproductive growth stage is the post-flowering stage. In the vegetative growth stage, low-frequency light is used to provide a lighting environment for cherry tomatoes; During the reproductive growth stage, low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and / or high-frequency light are used to provide a lighting environment for cherry tomatoes; During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the light hours are 11-13 hours a day, and the rest of the time is kept in a dark environment.

2. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of the low-frequency light are: period t=40-60ms, frequency f=20-30Hz, duty cycle 50%-60%; the parameters of the medium-frequency light are: period t=5-8ms, frequency f=200-300Hz, duty cycle 50%-60%; the parameters of the high-frequency light are: period t=500-600ms, frequency f=2K-3KHz, duty cycle 50%-60%.

3. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the vegetative growth phase, the light quality was configured as follows: red light, blue light, and green light in a ratio of 6:2:1, and the light intensity was set to 500-600 μmol / m 2 / s; during the reproductive growth stage, the light quality configuration is: red light, blue light, green light and far-red light in a ratio of 6:2:1:1, and the light intensity is set to 700-800μmol / m 2 / s.

4. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, light is continuously irradiated for 11-13 hours a day.

5. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the initial time node of light exposure is any time of the day.

6. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, the light frequency is detected in real time to check whether the current light is at the set frequency. If not, adjustments are made.

7. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the reproductive growth stage, if at least two combinations of low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and high-frequency light are used, the entire cycle of the reproductive growth stage is divided into several sub-cycles, and the same frequency of light is used for irradiation in one sub-cycle.

8. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the vegetative growth stage, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and number of leaves of cherry tomatoes were recorded and a table was created; during the reproductive growth stage, the weight, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of cherry tomato fruits were recorded, as well as the yield of single cherry tomatoes and the soluble solids of the fruits, and a table was created.

9. The method for controlling illumination of cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the vegetative growth stage, a nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity of 1.6-2mS / cm is used; during the reproductive growth stage, a nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity of 2.4-2.6mS / cm is used.

10. A lighting control system for cherry tomatoes, characterized in that: include: A light source unit, for emitting low-frequency light, medium-frequency light and high-frequency light; A control unit, used to control the operation and lighting time of the light source unit; A detection unit, used to detect the frequency of the current light; a wireless communication unit connected to the control unit and wirelessly communicating with the remote terminal; An alarm unit is used to issue an alarm message.

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