Preparation method of ganoderma triterpenoid liposome

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ganoderma triterpenoid extracts, in particular to a preparation method of ganoderma triterpenoid lipidosome. The preparation method of the ganoderma triterpenoid lipidosome mainly comprises the following steps: sequentially adding a mixture of ganoderma triterpenoid and phospholipid, a mixture of ganoderma triterpenoid and ganoderma spore oil, and a mixture rich in ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and sucrose fatty acid ester, cooking and stirring, and removing ethyl acetate through normal-temperature reduced-pressure concentration to obtain the ganoderma triterpenoid lipidosome. According to the processing method, nutritional ingredients and biological activity are reserved, and the encapsulation efficiency of ganoderma triterpenes in the ganoderma triterpenes lipidosome product particles is also improved. The technical problems that in the step of drying and smashing the ganoderma triterpene extract obtained after concentration, the concentration of bioactive protein is remarkably reduced due to a common drying method, and the encapsulation efficiency of ganoderma triterpene is poor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ganoderma triterpene extracts, and in particular to a method for preparing ganoderma triterpene liposomes. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma triterpenoid liposomes are a preparation that encapsulates Ganoderma triterpenoid compounds in liposomes, and have multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid-lowering and immune-enhancing effects. The extraction steps of Ganoderma triterpenoid liposomes mainly include three major steps: decocting, filtering and concentrating, and drying and crushing. Among them, in the production step of drying and crushing the Ganoderma triterpenoid extract obtained after concentration to form product particles, although ordinary drying methods such as spray drying have low costs, they will lead to a significant decrease in the concentration of bioactive proteins in the Ganoderma triterpenoid liposomes in the product particles, increased protein aggregation, and there are problems such as product morphology, particle size changes, aroma loss and thermal decomposition, and the encapsulation rate of the produced Ganoderma triterpenoids is poor, resulting in a waste of Ganoderma triterpenoid compounds. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the common drying method in the drying and pulverizing step of the concentrated Ganoderma triterpene extract, which leads to a significant decrease in the concentration of bioactive proteins and a poor encapsulation rate of Ganoderma triterpene, the present invention provides a method for preparing Ganoderma triterpene liposomes.

[0004] The technical embodiment of the present invention is a method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum triterpene liposomes, which comprises the following steps: Step 1, successively adding a mixture of ganoderma triterpenes and phospholipids, a mixture of ganoderma triterpenes and ganoderma spore oil, and a mixture rich in ganoderma polysaccharides and sucrose fatty acid lipids, and steaming and stirring to obtain a mixed stock solution, wherein the phospholipid is at least one of soybean lecithin, sunflower lecithin, and egg yolk lecithin; Step 2, removing ethyl acetate from the mixed stock solution by concentrating under reduced pressure at room temperature to obtain a concentrated solution; Step 3, the concentrated solution is processed by a shearing machine and a homogenizer in sequence to obtain a crude solution; Step 4, sending the crude solution to a vacuum freeze-heating dryer for treatment, wherein the vacuum freeze-heating dryer is composed of a spray freezing system and a vacuum heating drying system, the spray freezing system sprays the crude solution under a low temperature environment to form ice crystal particles, and then the vacuum heating drying system sequentially performs thermal sublimation drying treatment on the water in the ice crystal particles to obtain dehydrated product particles; A vacuum heating and drying system comprises a fixed frame, an outer shell, a heating cylinder, a spiral rod, an electric thermal radiation heater, a feed hopper, a storage compartment and a vacuum suction machine; the outer shell is fixedly connected to the fixed frame; the heating cylinder is fixedly connected in the outer shell; the spiral rod is fixedly connected in the heating cylinder; an electric thermal radiation heater for emitting thermal radiation to the heating cylinder is installed in the outer shell; a dense heat through hole structure is provided at a position where the heating cylinder is aligned with the electric thermal radiation heater; the feed hopper is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer shell; the feed hopper is connected to the heating cylinder; the storage compartment is fixedly connected to the fixed frame; the discharge pipe structure of the outer shell is connected to the storage compartment; the vacuum suction machine is installed on the fixed frame; a suction pipe is commonly connected between the air outlet pipe structure of the outer shell and the air inlet port of the vacuum suction machine.

[0005] More preferably, an interception net for intercepting product particles is fixedly connected to the air outlet pipe structure of the shell.

[0006] More preferably, a condensing dryer is installed on the fixed frame; the spiral rod is set as a hollow structure; the spiral rod is connected to an air inlet pipe structure; the air inlet pipe structure of the spiral rod is connected to a switching tube; the switching tube and the air outlet port of the condensing dryer and the switching tube are commonly connected with an air supply pipe; and the spiral rod is connected to a plurality of jet pipe structures.

[0007] More preferably, the air outlet port of the vacuum suction machine is connected to the air inlet port of the condensation dryer.

[0008] More preferably, a plurality of impact rods for blocking ice crystal particles are fixedly connected to the spiral rod.

[0009] More preferably, the heating tube is rotatably connected to the outer shell; a first spur gear is fixedly connected to the heating tube; a motor is mounted on the outer shell; a second spur gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor; and the second spur gear is meshed with the first spur gear.

[0010] More preferably, a convex block structure for blocking ice crystal particles is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heating cylinder; and a feed port structure is provided on the convex block structure of the heating cylinder.

[0011] More preferably, a guide tube which shrinks toward the discharge pipe structure of the outer shell is fixedly connected to the heating cylinder.

[0012] More preferably, no less than three scrapers are fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide tube.

[0013] More preferably, the scraper is provided with a brush which is in close contact with the inner surface of the shell.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the preparation method of the ganoderma triterpene liposome of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps: successively adding a mixture of ganoderma triterpene and phospholipid (soybean lecithin, sunflower lecithin, egg yolk lecithin), a mixture of ganoderma triterpene and ganoderma spore oil, and a mixture rich in ganoderma polysaccharide and sucrose fatty acid lipids for steaming and stirring, then removing ethyl acetate by vacuum concentration at room temperature, and then sequentially using a shearing machine, a homogenizer and a vacuum freeze-heating dryer for processing to obtain product particles, wherein the vacuum freeze-heating dryer is composed of a spray freezing system and a vacuum heating drying system, The spray freezing system sprays the crude solution under low temperature environment to form ice crystal particles, and then a vacuum heating and drying system performs thermal sublimation drying treatment on the water in the ice crystal particles in turn to obtain dehydrated product particles. The treatment method combining spray freezing and heating drying not only retains the nutrients and biological activity, but also improves the encapsulation rate of Ganoderma triterpenes in the product particles of Ganoderma triterpenoid liposomes; it solves the technical problems that the ordinary drying method in the drying and crushing step of the Ganoderma triterpenoid extract obtained after concentration will lead to a significant decrease in the concentration of biologically active proteins and a poor encapsulation rate of Ganoderma triterpenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a vacuum heating and drying system of the present invention is described according to an embodiment; Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a housing of the present invention is described according to an embodiment; Figure 3 A partial structural diagram of a screw rod according to an embodiment of the present invention is described; Figure 4 The figure is a structural diagram of a guide tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The markings of the components in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1-fixed frame, 2-housing, 201-discharge pipe structure, 202-air outlet pipe structure, 21-heating cylinder, 2100-heat through hole, 2101-feed port structure, 2102-bump structure, 211-first spur gear, 212-motor, 213-second spur gear, 214-impact rod, 22-screw rod, 2201-inlet pipe structure, 2202-jet pipe structure, 23-electric radiation heater, 24-interception net, 25-guide pipe, 26-scraper, 27-brush, 3-feed hopper, 31-transfer pipe, 4-storage compartment, 5-vacuum suction machine, 51-suction pipe, 6-condensation dryer, 61-air supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1 A method for preparing ganoderma triterpene liposomes, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1, successively adding a mixture of ganoderma triterpenes and phospholipids, a mixture of ganoderma triterpenes and ganoderma spore oil, and a mixture rich in ganoderma polysaccharides and sucrose fatty acid lipids, and steaming and stirring, the steaming temperature is 70° C. to obtain a mixed stock solution, wherein the phospholipid is at least one of soybean lecithin, sunflower lecithin, and egg yolk lecithin; Step 2, removing ethyl acetate from the mixed stock solution by concentrating under reduced pressure at room temperature to obtain a concentrated solution; Step 3, the concentrated solution is processed by a shearing machine and a homogenizer in sequence to obtain a crude solution, the processing condition of the shearing machine is shearing at a speed of 10000r / min for 10min, and the processing condition of the homogenizer is cyclic homogenization 3 times at a pressure of 300bar; Step 4, sending the crude solution into a vacuum freeze-heating dryer for treatment, wherein the vacuum freeze-heating dryer is composed of a spray freezing system and a vacuum heating drying system, the spray freezing system sprays the crude solution under a low temperature environment to form ice crystal particles, and then a vacuum heating drying system performs thermal sublimation drying treatment on the water in the ice crystal particles in turn to obtain dehydrated product particles (Ganoderma triterpene encapsulation rate 95%, Ganoderma triterpene content 15%, Ganoderma polysaccharide content 20%, Ganoderma spore oil content 30%, particle size 151.6nm, potential -26.0).

[0019] A vacuum heating drying system, such as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, it includes a fixing frame 1, a shell 2, a heating cylinder 21, a spiral rod 22, an electric heat radiation heater 23, an intercepting net 24, a feed hopper 3, a storage compartment 4 and a vacuum suction machine 5; the fixing frame 1 is fixedly connected to the shell 2; the shell 2 is connected to the heating cylinder 21; the spiral rod 22 is fixed to the heating cylinder 21; the shell 2 is installed with the electric heat radiation heater 23, and the electric heating component is sleeved on the outside of the heating cylinder 21; the heating cylinder 21 is aligned with the electric heat radiation heater 23 and has a dense heat through hole 2100 structure, and the electric heat radiation The heater 23 continuously emits heat radiation to the interior through the thermal through hole 2100 structure of the heating tube 21; a feed hopper 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer shell 2; the feed hopper 3 is connected to the heating tube 21; a storage compartment 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 1; a discharge pipe structure 201 at the lower end of the outer shell 2 is connected to the storage compartment 4; a vacuum suction machine 5 is installed on the fixed frame 1; a suction pipe 51 is commonly connected between the air outlet pipe structure 202 on the lower side of the outer shell 2 and the air inlet port of the vacuum suction machine 5; an interception net 24 for intercepting product particles is fixedly connected inside the air outlet pipe structure 202 of the outer shell 2.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a condensation dryer 6 is installed on the fixed frame 1; the air outlet port of the vacuum suction machine 5 is connected to the air inlet port of the condensation dryer 6; the spiral rod 22 is set as a hollow structure; the spiral rod 22 is connected to an air inlet pipe structure 2201; the air inlet pipe structure 2201 of the spiral rod 22 is connected to a transfer tube 31; the transfer tube 31 and the air outlet port of the condensation dryer 6 and the transfer tube 31 are commonly connected to an air supply pipe 61; the spiral rod 22 is connected to a plurality of jet pipe structures 2202 with nozzles facing downwards; and the spiral rod 22 is fixed with a plurality of impact rods 214 for blocking ice crystal particles.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, the heating tube 21 is rotatably connected to the outer shell 2; a first spur gear 211 is fixedly connected to the heating tube 21; a motor 212 is installed on the outer shell 2; a second spur gear 213 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 212; the second spur gear 213 is meshed with the first spur gear 211; a protrusion structure 2102 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heating tube 21; a feed port structure 2101 is provided on the protrusion structure 2102 of the heating tube 21, and ice crystal particles fall downward into the feed hopper 3 and are blocked by the protrusion structure 2102 and gradually accumulate. During the rotation process, the heating tube 21 allows the accumulated ice crystal particles to enter the heating tube 21 in turn through the feed port structure 2101 of the protrusion structure 2102, thereby reducing the density of ice crystal particles entering the heating tube 21 and improving the thermal sublimation efficiency of the ice crystal particles in the heating tube 21 and the circulation efficiency of the humid hot air flow in the heating tube 21.

[0022] The working principle of a vacuum heating drying system of the present invention is as follows.

[0023] First, the electric heat radiation heater 23 emits heat radiation to the inside of the heating tube 21, and at the same time, the vacuum suction machine 5 performs air extraction on the air outlet pipe structure 202 of the shell 2 through the suction pipe 51, so that a low-pressure environment begins to be generated in the heating tube 21, and the spray freezing system sprays the coarse solution under a low-temperature environment to form ice crystal particles. The ice crystal particles in the spray freezing system continuously fall into the feed hopper 3 and accumulate on the protrusion structure 2102 of the heating tube 21, so as to prevent the ice crystal particles from continuously falling into the heating tube 21 in a high-density accumulation state. At the same time, the motor 212 drives the second spur gear 213 to rotate, and the second spur gear 213 engages with the first spur gear 211 to drive the heating tube 21 and the spiral rod 22 connected thereto to rotate, so that the ice crystal particles in the feed hopper 3 pass through the protrusion structure in sequence. The feed port structure 2101 on 2102 enters the heating cylinder 21 and is subjected to thermal radiation heating treatment from the electric thermal radiation heater 23. The moisture in the ice crystal particles is quickly preheated and sublimated. The moisture sublimated into gas in the heating cylinder 21 is promptly extracted by the vacuum suction machine 5 under the suction action, thereby reducing the accumulation of gaseous water in the heating cylinder 21, so that the moisture in the ice crystal particles that subsequently enter the heating cylinder 21 can be promptly and quickly sublimated and dried. The ice crystal particles slide downward in the heating cylinder 21 along the spiral downward motion trajectory along the spiral rod 22, thereby extending the sliding time of the ice crystal particles in the heating cylinder 21, allowing the electric thermal radiation heater 23 to fully heat the ice crystal particles in the heating cylinder 21, so that the moisture in the ice crystal particles is completely sublimated and dried.

[0024] The gaseous water sucked away by the vacuum suction machine 5 enters the condensation dryer 6 along with the heat, and the condensation dryer 6 condenses and separates the gaseous water in the hot air flow, and the ice crystal particles will continuously collide with the impact rod 214 and disperse during the process of sliding down along the spiral rod 22, further intermittently reducing the density of particle distribution during the sliding of the ice crystals in the heating cylinder 21, thereby further improving the thermal sublimation efficiency of the water in the ice crystal particles in the heating cylinder 21, so that all ice crystal particles can quickly complete the thermal sublimation drying process to obtain the required Ganoderma lucidum triterpene liposome product particles, and after the product particles slide down from the heating cylinder 21, the product particles continuously pass downward through the discharge pipe structure 201 of the outer shell 2 and are collected in the storage compartment 4.

[0025] After all the product particles are collected, the electric radiation heater 23 is turned off, and the vacuum suction machine 5 keeps generating suction force on the inside of the heating cylinder 21, so that the gas inside the heating cylinder 21 forms a downward-flowing airflow under the suction action, and the airflow continuously passes through the air outlet pipe structure 202 of the outer shell 2 and flows to the condensation dryer 6. After the airflow completes the drying process in the condensation dryer 6, it is successively transported to the air inlet pipe structure 2201 of the screw rod 22 through the air supply pipe 61 and the adapter pipe 31, and finally ejected through each jet pipe structure 2202 of the screw rod 22 and flows back into the heating cylinder 21, so as to form a continuously circulating hot airflow between the heating cylinder 21 and the condensation dryer 6, and the circulating hot airflow blows the product particles remaining on the screw rod 22 in the heating cylinder 21 downward and drops them into the storage compartment 4, so as to complete the self-cleaning work of the heating cylinder 21 and the screw rod 22.

[0026] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the lower end of the heating tube 21 of this embodiment is fixedly connected with a guide tube 25, and the lower end of the guide tube 25 is contracted toward the discharge tube structure 201 of the outer shell 2; three scrapers 26 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide tube 25, and the scrapers 26 are in close contact with the inner surface of the outer shell 2; brushes 27 are provided on the three scrapers 26, and the brushes 27 are in close contact with the inner surface of the outer shell 2.

[0027] As the number of self-cleaning operations on the heating cylinder 21 and the spiral rod 22 increases, each time a small amount of product particles flows with the dry airflow through the gap between the discharge pipe structure 201 of the outer shell 2 and the heating cylinder 21 and are intercepted by the interception net 24. Over time, the amount will gradually accumulate. Therefore, after the self-cleaning operation of the heating cylinder 21 and the spiral rod 22 is completed, the condensation dryer 6 stops supplying dry airflow to the inside of the heating cylinder 21. Subsequently, the heating cylinder 21 synchronously drives the scraper 26 and the brush 27 on the guide tube 25 to rotate close to the inner surface of the outer shell 2 during the rotation process. The rotating brush 27 scrapes the product particles intercepted on the interception net 24 to the bottom of the outer shell 2, and the scraper 26 scrapes the product particles accumulated at the bottom of the outer shell 2 downward, so that the product particles pass downward through the discharge pipe structure 201 of the outer shell 2 and fall into the storage compartment 4, greatly reducing the phenomenon of product particles adhering to the interception net 24 in the process of flowing through the outlet pipe structure 202 of the outer shell 2 with the dry airflow.

[0028] It should be understood that this embodiment is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing ganoderma triterpenoid liposomes, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, successively adding a mixture of ganoderma triterpenes and phospholipids, a mixture of ganoderma triterpenes and ganoderma spore oil, and a mixture rich in ganoderma polysaccharides and sucrose fatty acid lipids, and steaming and stirring to obtain a mixed stock solution, wherein the phospholipid is at least one of soybean lecithin, sunflower lecithin, and egg yolk lecithin; Step 2, removing ethyl acetate from the mixed stock solution by concentrating under reduced pressure at room temperature to obtain a concentrated solution; Step 3, the concentrated solution is processed by a shearing machine and a homogenizer in sequence to obtain a crude solution; Step 4, sending the crude solution to a vacuum freeze-heating dryer for treatment, wherein the vacuum freeze-heating dryer is composed of a spray freezing system and a vacuum heating drying system, the spray freezing system sprays the crude solution under a low temperature environment to form ice crystal particles, and then the vacuum heating drying system sequentially performs thermal sublimation drying treatment on the water in the ice crystal particles to obtain dehydrated product particles; A vacuum heating drying system comprises a fixing frame (1); a shell (2) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (1); a heating cylinder (21) is fixedly connected inside the shell (2); a spiral rod (22) is fixedly connected inside the heating cylinder (21); an electric heat radiation heater (23) is installed inside the shell (2) for emitting heat radiation to the heating cylinder (21); a dense heat through hole (2100) structure is provided at a position of the heating cylinder (21) aligned with the electric heat radiation heater (23); a feed hopper (3) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell (2); the feed hopper (3) is connected to the heating cylinder (21); a material storage chamber (4) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (1); a material discharge pipe structure (201) of the shell (2) is connected to the material storage chamber (4); a vacuum suction machine (5) is installed on the fixing frame (1); a suction pipe (51) is commonly connected between the air outlet pipe structure (202) of the shell (2) and the air inlet port of the vacuum suction machine (5).

2. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An interception net (24) for intercepting product particles is fixedly connected inside the air outlet pipe structure (202) of the outer shell (2).

3. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A condensing dryer (6) is mounted on the fixed frame (1); the spiral rod (22) is configured as a hollow structure; the spiral rod (22) is connected to an air inlet pipe structure (2201); the air inlet pipe structure (2201) of the spiral rod (22) is connected to a transfer pipe (31); the transfer pipe (31) and the air outlet port of the condensing dryer (6) and the transfer pipe (31) are connected to an air delivery pipe (61); and the spiral rod (22) is connected to a plurality of jet pipe structures (2202).

4. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air outlet port of the vacuum suction machine (5) is connected to the air inlet port of the condensation dryer (6).

5. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of impact rods (214) for blocking ice crystal particles are fixedly connected to the spiral rod (22).

6. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating cylinder (21) is rotatably connected to the outer shell (2); a first spur gear (211) is fixedly connected to the heating cylinder (21); a motor (212) is mounted on the outer shell (2); a second spur gear (213) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (212); and the second spur gear (213) is meshed with the first spur gear (211).

7. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A convex block structure (2102) for blocking ice crystal particles is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heating cylinder (21); and a feed port structure (2101) is provided on the convex block structure (2102) of the heating cylinder (21).

8. A vacuum heating drying system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A guide tube (25) that contracts toward the discharge tube structure (201) of the outer shell (2) is fixedly connected to the heating cylinder (21).

9. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide tube (25) is fixedly connected to at least three scrapers (26).

10. A vacuum heating drying system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The scraper (26) is provided with a brush (27) which is in close contact with the inner surface of the housing (2).

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