Front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission and hydraulic cooling and lubrication system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hybrid power transmission technology, and in particular to a front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid power transmission and its hydraulic cooling and lubrication system. It is a front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid power transmission built upon a vehicle already equipped with a rear-wheel pure electric drive system. It includes two power sources: a generator and an engine. It comprises a gear transmission system and a clutch system for transmitting power from the two sources, and a hydraulic system and a cooling and lubrication system to assist the generator, gear transmission system, and clutch system. The clutch system consists of two clutches: the opening and closing control of the first clutch determines the separation and connection of engine power, and the opening and closing control of the second clutch determines whether the power from the two power sources participates in vehicle driving. In conjunction with the rear-wheel pure electric drive system, it achieves four-wheel pure electric drive and four-wheel hybrid drive, improving vehicle power and off-road performance. The modular design allows for the development of multiple hybrid transmissions with different functions on the same platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hybrid power transmission technology, and in particular to a front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid power transmission and a hydraulic cooling and lubrication system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid growth of global car ownership, increasing pressure on energy, environment, and safety has accelerated the global trend towards energy conservation and electrification in the automotive industry. However, pure electric vehicles currently struggle to meet the demands of the market due to industry bottlenecks such as range anxiety, inadequate charging infrastructure, and the difficulty in achieving significant technological breakthroughs in power batteries in the short to medium term.

[0003] As a core component of the powertrain system of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV, PHEV), the hybrid transmission can improve the fuel economy and optimize the power performance of the vehicle under various operating conditions by controlling the power coupling between the engine and the electric motor in real time.

[0004] Many mid-to-large SUVs, MPVs, and pickup trucks, due to their size and weight, traditionally use rear-wheel drive in their gasoline-powered configurations. In the electrification race, these vehicles generally employ a rear-wheel pure electric drive system, with hybrid options often utilizing a front-mounted range extender or a front-mounted dual-motor range-extending hybrid transmission. However, a front-mounted range extender cannot achieve four-wheel drive, resulting in insufficient vehicle power. While a front-mounted dual-motor range-extending hybrid transmission can achieve four-wheel pure electric drive, the inability of the engine to participate in propulsion leads to poor fuel economy at high speeds. Furthermore, the dual-motor design and controller increase the transmission's cost. Vehicles with rear-wheel pure electric drive typically have large, rechargeable battery packs. With the engine capable of contributing to propulsion, the need for a generator is low.

[0005] Therefore, developing a single-motor hybrid transmission that is simple in structure, lightweight, low in manufacturing cost, and can be driven by both generator and engine has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission and hydraulic cooling and lubrication system in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art in the background.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission and hydraulic cooling and lubrication system, comprising:

[0008] Power sources, including generators and engines,

[0009] A gear transmission system for transmitting power from a power source includes a generator driven gear mounted on the generator gear shaft, a hybrid drive driving gear mounted on the input shaft and meshing with the generator driven gear, and a hybrid drive driven gear mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft and meshing with the hybrid drive driving gear. The hybrid drive output shaft also houses a main reduction driving gear, and a main reduction driven gear mounted on the differential and meshing with the main reduction driving gear.

[0010] The clutch system includes a first clutch coaxial with the engine and connecting the input flange and the input shaft, and a second clutch mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft and connecting the hybrid drive driven gear and the hybrid drive output shaft.

[0011] The cooling and lubrication system is used to cool and lubricate the generator, gear transmission system, and clutch system.

[0012] The hydraulic system is used to control the opening and closing of the two clutches in the clutch system, to separate and connect the engine power, and to determine whether the power from the two power sources participates in driving the vehicle.

[0013] Furthermore, the driven gear for power generation is mounted on the generator gear shaft, which is splinedly connected to the generator rotor shaft; the driving gear for hybrid drive is mounted on the input shaft; the input shaft is coaxially mounted with the input flange and connected via a first clutch; the input flange is splinedly connected to the engine via a shock absorber; and a second clutch is mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft.

[0014] When the first clutch is engaged and the second clutch is disengaged, the engine's power drives the generator to generate electricity through the shock absorber, input flange, first clutch, input shaft, hybrid drive drive gear, generator driven gear, generator gear shaft, and generator rotor shaft, thus entering the engine-driven generator power generation mode.

[0015] Furthermore, the hybrid drive output shaft is provided with a hybrid drive driven gear and a second clutch, and the hybrid drive driven gear is connected to the hybrid drive output shaft through the second clutch;

[0016] When the first clutch is open and the second clutch is closed, the generator's power drives the vehicle through the generator rotor shaft, generator gear shaft, generator driven gear, hybrid drive drive gear, hybrid drive driven gear, second clutch, hybrid drive output shaft, main reducer drive gear, main reducer driven gear, and differential, thus entering the generator single-gear drive mode.

[0017] Furthermore, when both the first and second clutches are engaged, the engine power drives the vehicle through the shock absorber, input flange, first clutch, input shaft, hybrid drive drive gear, hybrid drive driven gear, second clutch, hybrid drive output shaft, main reducer drive gear, main reducer driven gear, and differential, thus entering the engine single-gear drive system.

[0018] Furthermore, the first clutch is disposed between the input shaft and the input flange, and includes an inner clutch hub, a clutch friction plate, a clutch steel plate, an outer clutch hub with a retaining ring, a clutch piston, a clutch return spring, and a clutch return spring baffle. The inner clutch hub is welded to the input flange and is connected to the clutch friction plate via a sliding spline. The outer clutch hub with a retaining ring is welded to the hybrid drive gear and is connected to the clutch steel plate via a sliding spline. The clutch piston is disposed in the space between the input shaft and the hybrid drive gear, and is slidably connected to the input shaft and the hybrid drive gear via its inner and outer diameters. The input shaft, the hybrid drive gear, and the clutch piston constitute the first clutch hydraulic working chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, the second clutch is located at the motor-side end of the hybrid drive output shaft, and includes an inner clutch hub, a clutch friction plate, a clutch steel plate, an outer clutch hub with a retaining ring, a clutch piston, a clutch return spring, a clutch return spring baffle, and a clutch outer hub support. The inner clutch hub is welded to the hybrid drive driven gear and slidably connected to the clutch friction plate. The outer clutch hub with a retaining ring is welded to the clutch outer hub support and slidably connected to the clutch steel plate. The clutch outer hub support is splined to the hybrid drive output shaft. The clutch piston is installed in the space formed by the clutch outer hub support and slidably connected to the clutch outer hub support through its inner and outer diameters. The clutch outer hub support and the clutch piston form a second clutch piston hydraulic working chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, the hydraulic system includes a high-pressure oil pump, a first clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit, and a second clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit.

[0021] When the first clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are at high pressure, the high-pressure lubricating oil enters the hydraulic working chamber of the first clutch through the center oil hole at the left end of the input shaft, driving the clutch piston to move in the piston space formed by the input shaft and the hybrid drive gear, thereby closing the first clutch; when the first clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are at low pressure, the clutch return spring returns the clutch piston to its original position, thereby opening the first clutch.

[0022] When the second clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are at high pressure, the high-pressure lubricating oil enters the hydraulic working chamber of the second clutch through the center hole at the left end of the mixing drive output shaft, driving the clutch piston to move in the piston space of the clutch outer hub support, thereby closing the second clutch; when the second clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are at low pressure, the clutch return spring returns the clutch piston to its original position, thereby opening the second clutch.

[0023] Furthermore, the cooling and lubrication system includes a low-pressure oil pump, an oil cooler, a cooling and lubrication oil circuit, a generator stator cooling oil pipe, and a high- and low-pressure connecting oil circuit. The low-pressure oil pump pumps the lubricating oil from the bottom of the transmission and it enters the oil cooler fixed on the outside of the transmission housing through the housing oil passage. Cooling water provided by the vehicle's water cooling system is used to exchange heat and cold in the oil cooler to cool the lubricating oil. The cooled lubricating oil is then circulated back into the transmission housing and transported to all operating and heat-generating parts of the transmission through the cooling and lubrication oil circuit within the transmission housing. The main oil circuit of the cooling and lubrication oil circuit is located in the transmission housing on the engine side, and the oil cooler is fixed on the outside of the transmission housing.

[0024] The generator stator cooling oil pipe guides the lubricating oil from the cooling lubrication oil circuit to the upper part of the generator stator and sprays it onto the parts of the generator stator that need to be cooled.

[0025] The high-low pressure connecting oil circuit includes a switching valve and a relief valve. When the clutch is not working, both the first clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit and the second clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit require low pressure. The switching valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit is open, and the lubricating oil in the high-pressure oil circuit enters the cooling lubricating oil circuit as a supplement to the cooling lubricating oil circuit. When the generator and engine need to work, at least one of the first clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit and the second external clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit requires high-pressure oil. The switching valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit is closed, and the excess high-pressure oil generated by the continuous operation of the high-pressure oil pump enters the low-pressure oil circuit through the relief valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit.

[0026] Furthermore, the second clutch is a dual-clutch structure consisting of an inner clutch and an outer clutch, and the input shaft is also equipped with a hybrid drive second driving gear, and the hybrid drive output shaft is also equipped with a hybrid drive second driven gear; thus, a hybrid transmission in which both the generator and the engine can be driven in two gears is formed.

[0027] The inner clutch includes an inner clutch inner hub, an inner clutch friction plate, an inner clutch steel plate, an inner clutch piston, an inner clutch return spring, an inner clutch return spring baffle, a clutch intermediate hub with inner and outer retaining rings, and a clutch intermediate hub support. The outer clutch includes a clutch intermediate hub with inner and outer retaining rings, a clutch intermediate hub support, an outer clutch outer hub, an outer clutch friction plate, an outer clutch steel plate, an outer clutch piston, an outer clutch piston support, an outer clutch return spring, and an outer clutch return spring baffle. The clutch intermediate hub with inner and outer retaining rings and the clutch intermediate hub support are common parts for the inner and outer clutches.

[0028] The inner hub of the inner clutch is welded to the driven gear of the hybrid drive and is also connected to the friction plate of the inner clutch via a sliding spline. The intermediate hub of the clutch with inner and outer retaining rings is welded to the intermediate hub support of the clutch and is also connected to the inner and outer clutch steel plates via sliding splines. The intermediate hub support of the clutch is connected to the output shaft of the hybrid drive via a spline. The inner clutch piston is installed in the space formed by the intermediate hub support of the clutch and is slidably connected to the intermediate hub support of the clutch via its inner and outer diameters. The intermediate hub support of the clutch and the inner clutch piston form a hydraulic working chamber for the inner clutch piston.

[0029] The outer hub of the outer clutch is welded to the second driven gear of the hybrid drive and is connected to the outer clutch friction plate by a sliding spline. The outer clutch piston is disposed in the space of the outer clutch piston support and is slidably engaged with the outer clutch piston support by means of its inner and outer diameters. The outer clutch piston support is connected to the hybrid drive output shaft by a spline. The hydraulic working chamber of the outer clutch piston is formed between the outer clutch piston and the outer clutch piston support.

[0030] Furthermore, the hydraulic system of the two-speed hybrid transmission includes a high-pressure oil pump, a first clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit, as well as an inner clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit, and an outer clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit.

[0031] When the internal clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are at high pressure, the high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic working chamber of the internal clutch through the center hole at the left end of the hybrid drive output shaft. The hydraulic pressure pushes the internal clutch piston to move within the piston space of the clutch intermediate hub support, thereby closing the internal clutch. When the internal clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are at low pressure, the internal clutch return spring returns the internal clutch piston to its original position, thereby opening the internal clutch.

[0032] When the external clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are under high pressure, the hydraulic oil enters the eccentric hole with one end closed through the outer diameter of the mixing drive output shaft and then enters the hydraulic working chamber of the external clutch. The hydraulic pressure pushes the external clutch piston to move, thereby closing the external clutch. When the external clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit are under low pressure, the external clutch return spring returns the external clutch piston to its original position, thereby opening the external clutch.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] This invention provides, on the one hand, a single-motor single / two-speed hybrid transmission that can be driven by a generator. Building upon a vehicle already possessing a rear-wheel pure electric drive system, it enables four-wheel pure electric drive via generator single / two-speed drive and four-wheel hybrid drive via engine single / two-speed drive, significantly improving the vehicle's pure electric drive power and fuel economy at high speeds. On the other hand, a rational hydraulic and cooling lubrication scheme simplifies the transmission structure, and the single-motor plus single-motor controller reduces transmission costs. Furthermore, the modular design of each functional system allows for the development of multiple hybrid transmissions with different functions on the same platform.

[0035] This invention integrates a single-motor controller, a transmission controller, and a hybrid system controller for coordinated control, enabling functions such as engine start-stop, parking power generation, range-extended drive, four-wheel pure electric drive, and four-wheel hybrid drive. Reversing and regenerative braking are implemented via rear-wheel pure electric drive, and the generator can also participate in regenerative braking when involved in driving. Ultimately, this improves vehicle fuel economy and meets emission regulations. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of point I in the middle.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Shock absorber; 2. Input flange; 3. Input shaft; 4. Hybrid drive drive gear; 5. Generator gear shaft; 6. Generator driven gear; 7. Generator rotor shaft; 8. Hybrid drive output shaft; 9. Hybrid drive driven gear; 10. Main reducer drive gear; 11. Differential; 12. Main reducer driven gear; 13. Clutch inner hub; 14. Clutch friction plate; 15. Clutch steel plate; 16. Clutch outer hub with retaining ring; 17. Clutch piston; 18. Clutch return spring; 19. Clutch return spring retainer; 20. Clutch outer hub support; 21. High-pressure oil pump; 22. First clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit; 23. Second clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit.

[0041] 32. Inner clutch inner hub; 33. Inner clutch friction plate; 34. Inner clutch steel plate; 35. Inner clutch piston; 36. Inner clutch return spring; 37. Inner clutch return spring retainer; 38. Clutch intermediate hub with inner and outer retaining rings; 39. Clutch intermediate hub support; 310. Outer clutch outer hub; 311. Outer clutch friction plate; 312. Outer clutch steel plate; 313. Outer clutch piston; 314. Outer clutch piston support; 315. Outer clutch return spring; 316. Outer clutch return spring retainer;

[0042] 40. Hybrid drive second driven gear; 41. Hybrid drive second driving gear; 42. Internal clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit; 43. External clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit; 44. Low-pressure oil pump; 45. Oil cooler; 46. Cooling and lubricating oil circuit; 47. Generator stator cooling oil pipe; 48. High and low pressure connecting oil circuit;

[0043] 100. Generator; 200. Engine; 400. First clutch; 500. Second clutch; 501. Inner clutch; 502. Outer clutch. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission and hydraulic cooling and lubrication system are provided. Based on the vehicle's existing rear-wheel pure electric drive capability, this front-wheel drive single-motor single-speed hybrid transmission, together with a front-mounted engine, enables single-speed four-wheel pure electric drive and single-speed four-wheel hybrid drive. Specifically, it includes two power sources: a generator 100 and an engine 200 with shock absorbers 1; a gear transmission system connecting and transmitting power between the two power sources; a clutch system; a hydraulic system assisting the clutch operation; and a cooling and lubrication system providing cooling and lubrication to the motor and gear transmission system. The gear transmission system controls the opening and closing of the clutch via the hydraulic system, realizing the power output of the engine 200 and determining whether the power from the engine 200 and generator 100 is transmitted to the transmission output. The cooling and lubrication system cools the generator 100 and the gear transmission system. The gear transmission system, clutch system, and power sources allow the transmission to enter engine-driven generator power generation mode, generator single-speed drive mode, and engine single-speed drive mode.

[0047] Engine-driven generator power generation mode: Engine 200 provides power. The generator driven gear 6 is mounted on the generator gear shaft 5, which is splinedly connected to the generator rotor shaft 7. The generator driven gear 6 meshes with the hybrid drive drive gear 4 mounted on the input shaft 3. The input shaft 3 is coaxially mounted with the input flange 2 and connected via a first clutch 400. The input flange 2 is splinedly connected to the shock absorber 1 on the engine 200G. A second clutch 500 is mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft 8. When the first clutch 400 is closed and the second clutch 500 is open, the power from the engine 200 drives the generator 100 to generate electricity via the shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, input shaft 3, hybrid drive drive gear 4, generator driven gear 6, generator gear shaft 5, and generator rotor shaft 7.

[0048] In single-speed generator drive mode: Generator 100 provides power. A hybrid drive driven gear 9 and a second clutch 500 are mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft 8. The hybrid drive driven gear 9 is connected to the hybrid drive output shaft 8 via the second clutch 500. The hybrid drive driven gear 9 meshes with the hybrid drive driving gear 4 mounted on the input shaft 3. A main reduction driving gear 10 is also mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft 8, meshing with the main reduction driven gear 12 on the differential 11. With the first clutch 400 open and the second clutch 500 closed, the power from generator 100 drives the vehicle through generator rotor shaft 7, generator gear shaft 5, generator driven gear 6, hybrid drive driving gear 4, hybrid drive driven gear 9, second clutch 500, hybrid drive output shaft 8, main reduction driving gear 10, main reduction driven gear 12, and differential 11.

[0049] Engine single-gear drive mode: Engine 200 provides power. With both the first clutch 400 and the second clutch 500 engaged, the power from engine 200 drives the vehicle through shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, input shaft 3, hybrid drive drive gear 4, hybrid drive driven gear 9, second clutch 500, hybrid drive output shaft 8, main reducer drive gear 10, main reducer driven gear 12, and differential 11.

[0050] In this embodiment, the hybrid drive gear 4 provided on the input shaft 3 has the functions of generating electricity, single-speed drive gear of the engine, and single-speed drive intermediate idler gear of the generator.

[0051] The first clutch 400 is located between the input shaft 3 and the input flange 2. The first clutch 400 consists of an inner clutch hub 13, a clutch friction plate 14, a clutch steel plate 15, an outer clutch hub 16 with a retaining ring, a clutch piston 17, a clutch return spring 18, and a clutch return spring baffle 19. The inner clutch hub 13 is welded to the input flange 2 and simultaneously connected to the clutch friction plate 14 via a sliding spline. The outer clutch hub 16 with a retaining ring is welded to the hybrid drive gear 4 and simultaneously connected to the clutch steel plate 15 via a sliding spline. The clutch piston 17 is located in the space between the input shaft 3 and the hybrid drive gear 4, and is slidably connected to both the input shaft 3 and the hybrid drive gear 4 via its inner and outer diameters. The hydraulic working chamber of the first clutch is formed between the input shaft 3, the hybrid drive gear 4, and the clutch piston 17. The first clutch 400 is controlled by the first clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit 22. When the first clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit 22 are at high pressure, the high-pressure lubricating oil drives the clutch piston 17 to move within the piston space formed by the input shaft 3 and the hybrid drive drive gear 4, thereby closing the first clutch 400. When the first clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit 22 are at low pressure, the clutch return spring 18 returns the clutch piston 17 to its original position, thereby opening the first clutch 400.

[0052] The second clutch 500 is mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft 8, located at the motor-side end of the hybrid drive output shaft 8. The second clutch 500 consists of an inner clutch hub 13, a clutch friction plate 14, a clutch steel plate 15, a clutch outer hub 16 with a retaining ring, a clutch piston 17, a clutch return spring 18, a clutch return spring baffle 19, and a clutch outer hub support 20. Except for the clutch outer hub support 20, the other clutch parts are interchangeable with the first clutch 400, or have minor adjustments due to structural reasons. The inner clutch hub 13 is welded to the hybrid drive driven gear 9 and slidably connected to the clutch friction plate 14. The clutch outer hub 16 with a retaining ring is welded to the clutch outer hub support 20 and slidably connected to the clutch steel plate 15. The clutch outer hub support 20 is splinedly connected to the hybrid drive output shaft 8. The clutch piston 17 is installed in the space formed by the clutch outer hub support 20 and slidably connected to the clutch outer hub support 20 through its inner and outer diameters. The clutch outer hub support 20 and the clutch piston 17 form the hydraulic working chamber of the second clutch piston. The second clutch 500 is controlled by the second clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit 23. When the second clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit 23 are at high pressure, the high-pressure lubricating oil drives the clutch piston 17 to move within the piston space of the clutch outer hub support 20, thereby closing the second clutch 500. When the second clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit 23 are at low pressure, the clutch return spring 18 returns the clutch piston 17 to its original position, thereby opening the second clutch 500.

[0053] The components on the coaxially mounted input shaft 3 and input flange 2 are arranged in the following order from the engine side to the motor side: shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, input shaft 3, and hybrid drive drive gear 4. The components on the hybrid drive output shaft 8 are arranged in the following order from the engine side to the motor side: main reduction drive gear 10, hybrid drive driven gear 9, and second clutch 500.

[0054] In this embodiment, the hydraulic system includes a high-pressure oil pump 21, a first clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit 22 for controlling the operation of the first clutch 400, and a second clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit 23 for controlling the operation of the second clutch 500. The hydraulic system is installed on the gearbox housing on the two motor sides.

[0055] In this embodiment, the cooling and lubrication system includes a low-pressure oil pump 44, an oil cooler 45, a cooling and lubrication oil passage 46, a generator stator cooling oil pipe 47, and a high-low pressure connecting oil passage 48. The low-pressure oil pump 44 pumps lubricating oil from the bottom of the transmission, which enters the oil cooler 45, fixed to the outside of the transmission housing, through the housing oil passage. Cooling water provided by the vehicle's water-cooling system exchanges heat and cold within the oil cooler 45 to cool the lubricating oil. The cooled lubricating oil is then circulated back into the transmission and transported to all operating and heat-generating parts within the transmission through the cooling and lubrication oil passage 46. The main oil passage of the cooling and lubrication oil passage 46 is located inside the transmission housing on the engine 200 side, while the oil cooler 45 is fixed to the outside of the transmission housing. The generator stator cooling oil pipe 47 guides the lubricating oil from the cooling and lubrication oil passage 46 to the upper part of the generator 100 stator, spraying it onto the parts of the generator 100 stator that require cooling. The high-low pressure connecting oil circuit 48 includes a switching valve and a relief valve. The first clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit 22, and the second clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit 23 both require low pressure. When the switching valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit 48 is opened, the lubricating oil in the high pressure oil circuit enters the cooling and lubrication oil circuit as a supplement to the cooling and lubrication oil circuit. When the clutch is working, at least one of the first clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit 22 and the second clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit 23 requires high pressure oil. Then the switching valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit 48 is closed, and the excess high pressure oil generated by the continuous operation of the high pressure oil pump enters the low pressure oil circuit through the relief valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit 48.

[0056] In this embodiment, the cooling and lubrication of the gear system includes the cooling and lubrication of the input flange 2, input shaft 3, generator gear shaft 5 and the generator rotor shaft 7 and hybrid drive output shaft 8 connected to it by splines. All five shafts are hollow shafts. The lubricating oil required for the cooling and lubrication of the moving parts on the five shafts and the two motor rotors is introduced through the cooling and lubrication oil passage 46. The input shaft 3 and the hybrid drive output shaft 8 are composed of holes at both ends that are not connected to each other. The left end hole leads to the high-pressure oil that controls the operation of the two clutches, and the right end hole leads to the lubricating oil that provides cooling and lubrication for the clutch and gear shaft parts.

[0057] In addition, there are several options for the high-pressure oil pump 21 and the low-pressure oil pump 44: a dual high- and low-pressure electronic pump, a separate electronic pump, a geared mechanical pump, or a combination of geared mechanical pumps and electronic pumps can be used. When the high-pressure oil pump 21 uses a geared mechanical pump, it should be mounted on the input shaft 3 or externally meshed with the hybrid drive drive gear 4 on the input shaft 3 and the generator driven gear 6 or hybrid drive driven gear 9 that meshes with it; when the low-pressure oil pump 44 uses a geared mechanical pump, it should be considered to be mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft 8, or externally meshed with the main reduction drive gear 10 or the main reduction driven gear 12.

[0058] Both the first clutch 400 and the second clutch 500 can be replaced with electromagnetic clutches. If an electromagnetic clutch is used, the high-pressure oil pump 21 and all the solenoid valves and high-pressure oil circuits that control the operation of the clutches can be eliminated.

[0059] The operating mode of the front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission and hydraulic cooling and lubrication system in this embodiment is as follows:

[0060] Parking power generation: When the vehicle is stationary, the first clutch 400 is closed and the second clutch 500 is open. After the engine 200 is started using the power of the generator 100, the power of the engine 200 drives the generator 100 to generate electricity and charge the vehicle battery pack through the shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, input shaft 3, hybrid drive drive gear 4, generator driven gear 6, generator gear shaft 5, and generator rotor shaft 7.

[0061] Single-gear pure electric drive via generator: With the first clutch 400 open and the second clutch 500 closed, the power from the generator 100 drives the vehicle via the generator rotor shaft 7, generator gear shaft 5, generator driven gear 6, hybrid drive drive gear 4, hybrid drive driven gear 9, second clutch 500, hybrid drive output shaft 8, main reducer drive gear 10, main reducer driven gear 12, and differential 11. The power used by the generator 100 comes from the vehicle's battery pack. In single-gear drive mode, the generator can be combined with a rear-wheel pure electric drive system to achieve four-wheel pure electric drive for the vehicle.

[0062] Engine single-gear drive: With both the first clutch 400 and the second clutch 500 engaged, the power from the engine 200 drives the vehicle through the shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, input shaft 3, hybrid drive drive gear 4, hybrid drive driven gear 9, second clutch 500, hybrid drive output shaft 8, main reducer drive gear 10, main reducer driven gear 12, and differential 11. Under this condition, the generator 100 is in an idling state. In the engine single-gear drive mode, it can be combined with the rear wheel pure electric drive system to achieve four-wheel hybrid drive of the vehicle.

[0063] Engine single-speed drive, generator-assisted drive: Under the aforementioned engine single-speed drive condition, the generator 100 is placed in the power generation state, and the engine 200 is placed in the high fuel efficiency range for stable operation. The vehicle's acceleration and deceleration and braking energy recovery deceleration are controlled by switching the positive and negative torques of the rear wheel pure electric drive system or adjusting the drive torque.

[0064] Rear-wheel pure electric drive system with single-motor pure electric drive: When the vehicle battery pack has sufficient charge, the rear-wheel pure electric drive system performs pure electric drive function when the vehicle starts slowly or on road conditions where power requirements are not high. The front-wheel drive single-motor single-gear hybrid system does not participate in the work. The power required by the rear-wheel pure electric drive system comes from the vehicle battery pack.

[0065] Range extender drive: When the vehicle is in motion, the first clutch 400 is closed and the second clutch 500 is open. The transmission executes the function of the engine 200 driving the generator 100 to generate electricity. In conjunction with the rear wheel pure electric drive system, the vehicle's range extender drive is realized. During range extender drive, the power required by the rear wheel pure electric drive system comes partly from the vehicle's battery pack and partly from the generator 100.

[0066] Engine start-stop: The starting and stopping of the engine 200 in parking or driving states is driven and controlled by the generator 100 when the first clutch 400 is closed and the second clutch 500 is open.

[0067] Reversing: When a vehicle reverses, it is driven by the reverse rotation of the drive motor of the rear wheel pure electric drive system in pure electric drive or range-extended drive mode.

[0068] Braking energy recovery: Braking energy recovery during vehicle operation is implemented by the drive motor of the rear wheel pure electric drive system being converted into a power generation state.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the second clutch 500 is a dual clutch structure consisting of an inner clutch 501 and an outer clutch 502, the input shaft 3 is also equipped with a hybrid drive second driving gear 41, and the hybrid drive output shaft 8 is also equipped with a hybrid drive second driven gear 40.

[0071] The inner clutch 501 connects the hybrid drive driven gear 9 and the hybrid drive output shaft 8, while the outer clutch 502 connects the hybrid drive second driven gear 40 and the hybrid drive output shaft 8. When the first clutch 400 is open, the power of the generator 100, after passing through the generator rotor shaft 7, generator gear shaft 5, generator driven gear 6, and hybrid drive drive gear 4, has two power transmission paths: when the inner clutch 501 is closed and the outer clutch 502 is open, the power of the generator 100 is transmitted to the hybrid drive output shaft 8 through the hybrid drive drive gear 4, hybrid drive driven gear 9, and inner clutch 501; when the inner clutch 501 is open and the outer clutch 502 is closed, the power of the generator 100 is transmitted to the hybrid drive output shaft 8 through the hybrid drive second drive gear 41, hybrid drive second driven gear 40, and outer clutch 502. After the power of the generator 100 is transmitted to the hybrid drive output shaft 8, it drives the vehicle through the main reduction drive gear 10, the main reduction driven gear 12, and the differential 11, entering the generator's two-speed drive mode.

[0072] With engine 200 providing power and first clutch 400 engaged, the power transmission path and gear shift of engine 200 after passing through shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, and input shaft 3 are consistent with the two-speed drive system of generator 100, thus entering engine two-speed drive mode.

[0073] Specifically, the inner clutch 501 includes an inner clutch inner hub 32, an inner clutch friction plate 33, an inner clutch steel plate 34, an inner clutch piston 35, an inner clutch return spring 36, an inner clutch return spring baffle 37, a clutch intermediate hub 38 with inner and outer retaining rings, and a clutch intermediate hub support 39. The outer clutch 502 includes a clutch intermediate hub 38 with inner and outer retaining rings, a clutch intermediate hub support 39, an outer clutch outer hub 310, an outer clutch friction plate 311, an outer clutch steel plate 312, an outer clutch piston 313, an outer clutch piston support 314, an outer clutch return spring 315, and an outer clutch return spring baffle 316. The clutch intermediate hub 38 with inner and outer retaining rings and the clutch intermediate hub support 39 are common parts of the inner clutch 501 and the outer clutch 502. The inner clutch inner hub 32 is welded to the hybrid drive driven gear 9 and is also connected to the inner clutch friction plate 33 via a sliding spline; the clutch intermediate hub 38 with inner and outer retaining rings is welded to the clutch intermediate hub support 39 and is also connected to the inner clutch steel plate 34 and the outer clutch steel plate 312 via a sliding spline; the clutch intermediate hub support 39 is splined to the hybrid drive output shaft 8; the inner clutch piston 35 is installed in the space formed by the clutch intermediate hub support 39 and is slidably connected to the clutch intermediate hub support 39 via its inner and outer diameters; the clutch intermediate hub support 39 and the inner clutch piston 35 form the hydraulic working chamber of the inner clutch piston. The outer clutch outer hub 310 is welded to the hybrid drive second driven gear 40 and is connected to the outer clutch friction plate 311 via a sliding spline. The outer clutch piston 313 is disposed in the space of the outer clutch piston support 134 and slides with the outer clutch piston support 314 via its inner and outer diameters. The outer clutch piston support 314 is splined to the hybrid drive output shaft 8. The outer clutch piston hydraulic working chamber is formed between the outer clutch piston 313 and the outer clutch piston support 314.

[0074] The hydraulic system includes a high-pressure oil pump 21, a first clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 22 for controlling the operation of the first clutch 400, an inner clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 42 for controlling the operation of the inner clutch 501, and a second clutch outer clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 43 for controlling the operation of the outer clutch 502. The cooling and lubrication oil circuit of the outer clutch 502 needs to guide the left end of the hybrid drive output shaft 8 and enter the outer clutch 502 of the second clutch 500 through the eccentric hole at the left end of the hybrid drive output shaft 8.

[0075] When the internal clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 42 are at high pressure, high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic working chamber of the internal clutch through the center hole at the left end of the hybrid drive output shaft 8. The hydraulic pressure pushes the internal clutch piston 35 to move within the piston space of the clutch intermediate hub support 39, thereby closing the internal clutch 501. When the internal clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 42 are at low pressure, the internal clutch return spring 36 returns the internal clutch piston 35 to its original position, thereby opening the internal clutch 501. When the external clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 43 are at high pressure, hydraulic oil enters the eccentric hole at one end and then enters the hydraulic working chamber of the external clutch through the outer diameter at the left end of the hybrid drive output shaft 8. The hydraulic pressure pushes the external clutch piston 313 to move, thereby closing the external clutch 502. When the external clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 43 are at low pressure, the external clutch return spring 315 returns the external clutch piston 313 to its original position, thereby opening the external clutch 502.

[0076] When the clutch is not engaged, the first clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 22, the inner clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 42, and the outer clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 43 all require low pressure. The switch valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit 48 is opened, and the lubricating oil in the high-pressure oil circuit enters the cooling lubrication oil circuit 46 as a supplement to the cooling lubrication oil circuit 46. When the generator 100 and the engine 200 need to work, at least one of the first clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 22, the inner clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 42, and the outer clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit 43 requires high-pressure oil. The switch valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit 48 is closed, and the excess high-pressure oil generated by the continuous operation of the high-pressure oil pump enters the low-pressure oil circuit through the overflow valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit 48.

[0077] The working mode of this embodiment is as follows:

[0078] Parking power generation: When the vehicle is stationary, the first clutch 400 is closed and both the inner and outer clutches of the second clutch 500 are open. After starting the engine 200 with the power of the generator 100, the power of the engine 200 drives the generator 100 to generate electricity and charge the vehicle battery pack through the shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, input shaft 3, hybrid drive drive gear 4, generator driven gear 6, generator gear shaft 5, and generator rotor shaft 7.

[0079] Two-speed drive of the generator: With the first clutch 400 open and the second clutch 500 closed, the power of the generator 100 is transmitted through the generator rotor shaft 7, generator gear shaft 5, generator driven gear 6, and hybrid drive drive gear 4. At lower vehicle speeds, the inner clutch 501 is open and the outer clutch 502 is closed, and the power of the generator 100 is transmitted to the hybrid drive output shaft 8 through the hybrid drive second drive gear 41, hybrid drive second driven gear 40, and outer clutch 502. At higher vehicle speeds, the inner clutch 501 is closed and the outer clutch 502 is open, and the power of the generator 100 is transmitted to the hybrid drive output shaft 8 through the hybrid drive drive gear 4, hybrid drive driven gear 9, and inner clutch 501. After the power of the generator 100 is transmitted to the hybrid drive output shaft 8, the vehicle is driven by the main reduction drive gear 10, the main reduction driven gear 12, and the differential 11, realizing two-speed drive of the generator. In conjunction with the rear wheel pure electric drive system, two-speed four-wheel pure electric drive of the vehicle is realized. The generator 100 drive uses power from the vehicle's battery pack. The generator two-speed drive is generally used for pure electric driving conditions with high power requirements and for vehicles to start quickly.

[0080] Engine-driven two-speed drive: With the first clutch 400 engaged, the power from engine 200, after passing through shock absorber 1, input flange 2, first clutch 400, and input shaft 3, follows the same power transmission path and gear control as the generator-driven two-speed drive, thus forming engine-driven two-speed drive. Combined with the rear-wheel pure electric drive system, this achieves a two-speed four-wheel hybrid drive for the vehicle. Engine-driven two-speed drive is generally used when the vehicle is traveling at medium to high speeds, especially on highways, to fully utilize the engine's fuel efficiency.

[0081] Two-speed engine drive with generator auxiliary drive: In two-speed engine drive mode, generator 100 is put into power generation mode, and engine 200 is put into stable operation in the high fuel efficiency range. The vehicle's acceleration and deceleration and braking energy recovery deceleration are controlled by switching the positive and negative torques of the rear wheel pure electric drive system or adjusting the drive torque.

[0082] Range extender drive: When the vehicle is in motion, the first clutch 400 is closed, and the inner clutch 501 and outer clutch 502 of the second clutch 500 are both open. The transmission performs the function of driving the generator to generate electricity, which, together with the rear wheel pure electric drive system, realizes the range extender drive of the vehicle. When the range extender drive is in operation, part of the power required by the rear wheel pure electric drive system comes from the vehicle battery pack and part comes from the generator 100.

[0083] Engine start-stop: The starting and stopping of the engine 200 in parking or driving states is driven and controlled by the generator 100 when the first clutch 400 is closed and the second clutch 500 is open.

[0084] Reversing: When a vehicle reverses, it is driven by the reverse drive motor of the rear wheel pure electric drive system in pure electric drive or range-extended drive mode. If necessary, the generator of the front-drive single motor two-speed hybrid transmission can participate in the reversing drive.

[0085] Braking energy recovery: Braking energy recovery during vehicle operation is implemented by the drive motor of the rear wheel pure electric drive system being converted into a power generation state.

[0086] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission, characterized in that, include: The power source includes a generator (100) and an engine (200) with a shock absorber (1). The generator (100) is provided with a generator rotor shaft (7), which is splined to a generator gear shaft (5). The clutch system includes a first clutch (400) coaxial with the engine (100) and connecting the input flange (2) and the input shaft (3), and a second clutch (500) mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft (8) and connecting the hybrid drive driven gear (9) and the hybrid drive output shaft (8), wherein the input flange (2) is splinedly connected to the damper (1) on the engine (200); The gear transmission system is used to transmit power from the power source. It includes a generator driven gear (6) mounted on the generator gear shaft (5), a hybrid drive driving gear (4) mounted on the input shaft (3) and meshing with the generator driven gear (6), and a hybrid drive driven gear (9) mounted on the hybrid drive output shaft (8) and meshing with the hybrid drive driving gear (4). The hybrid drive output shaft (8) is also equipped with a main reduction driving gear (10) and a main reduction driven gear (12) mounted on the differential (11) and meshing with the main reduction driving gear (10). The cooling and lubrication system is used to cool and lubricate the generator (100), gear transmission system, and clutch system. The hydraulic system is used to control the opening and closing of the two clutches in the clutch system, to separate and connect the power of the engine (200), and to determine whether the power of the two power sources participates in the vehicle drive. The second clutch (500) is a dual clutch structure consisting of an inner clutch (501) and an outer clutch (502). The input shaft (3) is also equipped with a hybrid drive second driving gear (41), and the hybrid drive output shaft (8) is also equipped with a hybrid drive second driven gear (40). The inner clutch hub (32) of the inner clutch (501) is welded to the hybrid drive driven gear (9) and is also connected to the inner clutch friction plate (33) via a sliding spline; the clutch intermediate hub (38) with inner and outer retaining rings is welded to the clutch intermediate hub support (39) and is also connected to the inner clutch steel plate (34) and the outer clutch steel plate (312) via a sliding spline; the clutch intermediate hub support (39) is connected to the hybrid drive output shaft (8) via a spline; the inner clutch piston (35) is installed in the space formed by the clutch intermediate hub support (39) and is slidably connected to the clutch intermediate hub support (39) via its inner and outer diameters; the clutch intermediate hub support (39) and the inner clutch piston (35) form the hydraulic working chamber of the inner clutch piston; The outer clutch hub (310) of the outer clutch (502) is welded to the second driven gear (40) of the hybrid drive and is connected to the outer clutch friction plate (311) by a sliding spline. The outer clutch piston (313) is located in the space of the outer clutch piston support (134) and slides with the outer clutch piston support (314) through the inner and outer diameters. The outer clutch piston support (314) is connected to the hybrid drive output shaft (8) by a spline. The outer clutch piston hydraulic working chamber is formed between the outer clutch piston (313) and the outer clutch piston support (314).

2. The front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first clutch (400) is closed and the second clutch (500) is open, the power of the engine (200) drives the generator to generate electricity through the shock absorber (1), input flange (2), first clutch (400), input shaft (3), hybrid drive drive gear (4), generator driven gear (6), generator gear shaft (5), and generator rotor shaft (7), thus entering the engine-driven generator power generation mode.

3. The front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clutch (400) is disposed between the input shaft (3) and the input flange (2), and includes a clutch inner hub (13), a clutch friction plate (14), a clutch steel plate (15), a clutch outer hub (16) with a retaining ring, a clutch piston (17), a clutch return spring (18), and a clutch return spring baffle (19); the clutch inner hub (13) is welded to the input flange (2) and is connected to the clutch friction plate (14) by a sliding spline; the clutch outer hub (16) with a retaining ring is welded to the hybrid drive gear (4) and is connected to the clutch steel plate (15) by a sliding spline; the clutch piston (17) is disposed in the space between the input shaft (3) and the hybrid drive gear (4) and is slidably connected to the input shaft (3) and the hybrid drive gear (4) by means of its inner and outer diameters; the input shaft (3), the hybrid drive gear (4), and the clutch piston (17) constitute the first clutch hydraulic working chamber.

4. The front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic system of the two-speed hybrid transmission includes a high-pressure oil pump (21), a first clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit (22), an inner clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit (42), and an outer clutch solenoid valve and a high-pressure oil circuit (43). When the inner clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit (42) are at high pressure, the high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic working chamber of the inner clutch through the center hole at the left end of the hybrid drive output shaft (8). The hydraulic pressure pushes the inner clutch piston (35) to move in the piston space of the clutch intermediate hub support (39) to realize the closure of the inner clutch (501). When the inner clutch solenoid valve and the high-pressure oil circuit (42) are at low pressure, the inner clutch return spring (36) returns the inner clutch piston (35) to the position to realize the opening of the inner clutch (501). When the external clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit (43) are under high pressure, the hydraulic oil enters the eccentric hole with one end closed through the outer diameter of the mixing drive output shaft (8) and then enters the hydraulic working chamber of the external clutch. The hydraulic pressure pushes the external clutch piston (313) to move and realize the closing of the external clutch (502). When the external clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit (43) are under low pressure, the external clutch return spring (315) returns the external clutch piston (313) to its original position and realizes the opening of the external clutch (502). When the first clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit (22) are at high pressure, the high-pressure lubricating oil enters the hydraulic working chamber of the first clutch through the center oil hole at the left end of the input shaft (3) and drives the clutch piston (17) to move in the piston space formed by the input shaft (3) and the hybrid drive active gear (4), thereby closing the first clutch (400); when the first clutch solenoid valve and high-pressure oil circuit (22) are at low pressure, the clutch return spring (18) returns the clutch piston (17) to its original position, thereby opening the first clutch (400).

5. The front-wheel drive single-motor hybrid transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling and lubrication system includes a low-pressure oil pump (44), an oil cooler (45), a cooling and lubrication oil passage (46), a generator stator cooling oil pipe (47), and a high-low pressure connecting oil passage (48). The low-pressure oil pump (44) pumps out the lubricating oil from the bottom of the gearbox and enters the oil cooler (45) fixed on the outside of the gearbox housing through the housing oil passage. Cooling water provided by the vehicle's water cooling system is used to exchange heat and cold in the oil cooler (45) to cool the lubricating oil. The cooled lubricating oil is then circulated into the gearbox housing and transported to all operating and heat-generating parts in the gearbox through the cooling and lubrication oil passage (46) in the gearbox housing. The main oil passage of the cooling and lubrication oil passage (46) is located in the gearbox housing on the engine side, and the oil cooler (45) is fixed on the outside of the gearbox housing on the engine side. The generator stator cooling oil pipe (47) guides the lubricating oil from the cooling lubrication oil circuit (46) to the upper part of the stator of the generator (100) and sprays it onto the parts of the generator (100) stator that need to be cooled. The high-low pressure connecting oil circuit (48) includes a switching valve and a relief valve. When the clutch is not working, the first clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit (22), the inner clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit (42), and the outer clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit (43) all require low pressure. The switching valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit (48) is opened, and the lubricating oil of the high pressure oil circuit enters the cooling lubricating oil circuit (46) as a supplement to the cooling lubricating oil circuit (46). When the generator (100) and the engine (200) need to work, at least one of the first clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit (22), the inner clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit (42), and the outer clutch solenoid valve and high pressure oil circuit (43) requires high pressure oil. The switching valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit (48) is closed, and the excess high pressure oil generated by the continuous operation of the high pressure oil pump enters the low pressure oil circuit through the relief valve of the high-low pressure connecting oil circuit (48).

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