Method for treating rural domestic sewage by using constructed wetland

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for treating rural domestic sewage by using a constructed wetland. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a sewage collection tank; 2, flatly laying a first water outlet pipe on the surface layer of the left artificial wetland, and densely distributing water spraying holes in the bottom and two sides of a pipeline in contact with the artificial wetland; step 3, establishing a vertical baffling artificial wetland; 4, second desilting openings are formed in the two sides of the bottom of the constructed wetland correspondingly, and automatic valves are installed at the second desilting openings; step 5, establishing a reservoir which can temporarily store a part of water for artificial wetland desilting, fish and shrimp stocking or other living needs; 6, a second water outlet pipe is arranged on the side, away from the sewage collecting pool, of the top of the constructed wetland and communicates with the water storage pool, and water quality monitoring sensors are installed on the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe correspondingly; and step 7, harvesting overground plant parts as livestock foodstuff in winter every year so as to prevent the constructed wetland bed body from being blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of wetland ecological restoration, environmental protection engineering and rural domestic sewage treatment, and in particular to a method for treating rural domestic sewage with an artificial wetland. Background Art

[0002] In the context of rural revitalization, in order to improve the living environment, rural domestic sewage treatment has received great attention, and the rural domestic sewage treatment technology has been continuously improved. Rural domestic sewage mainly refers to the wastewater generated by rural people in their daily life and production process, mainly including water for washing, kitchen and flushing toilets, etc. Rural domestic sewage mainly contains organic matter, phosphorus and other nutrients, and the content of pollutants such as heavy metals is relatively low.

[0003] Due to the scattered rural settlements and the imperfect infrastructure such as sewage collection pipe networks, the sewage is highly dispersed, the treatment scale is small, and the resource utilization rate is low. It is difficult to use the urban sewage treatment system for centralized treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the cost of sewage and wastewater treatment while meeting the dual requirements of hygiene and environment.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for treating rural domestic sewage using an artificial wetland to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a method for treating rural domestic sewage using an artificial wetland, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Establish a sewage collection pool, set an inlet pipe on one side of the sewage collection pool and a first outlet pipe on the other side, install an automatic cleaning grid at the inlet pipe, place an ecological floating bed on the surface of the sewage collection pool, plant aquatic plants or hydroponic vegetables with well-developed root systems on the ecological floating bed, place a small amount of bottom mud at the bottom of the sewage collection pool and plant submerged plants;

[0008] Step 2: Lay the first outlet pipe flat on the surface of the artificial wetland on the left, and densely distribute water spray holes on the bottom and both sides of the pipe in contact with the artificial wetland;

[0009] Step 3: Establish a vertical baffled artificial wetland. The artificial wetland is divided into two beds, left and right, by a PVC baffle. On the left side, 0.20m above the bottom of the artificial wetland bed, perforated PVC boards, river sand, gravel, pebbles, and soil are laid from bottom to top; on the right side, perforated PVC boards, pebbles, gravel, river sand, and soil are laid from bottom to top, and wetland aquatic plants are planted in combination in the soil.

[0010] Step 4: A second dredging port is set on both sides of the bottom of the artificial wetland, and an automatic valve is installed at the second dredging port. The automatic valve opens when the silt accumulates to a certain extent through the sensor;

[0011] Step 5: Build a reservoir to temporarily store some water for artificial wetland desilting, stocking fish and shrimp or other life needs;

[0012] Step 6: A second outlet pipe is set on the top of the artificial wetland away from the sewage collection tank. The second outlet pipe is connected to the water storage tank. Water quality monitoring sensors are installed on the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe respectively to monitor the changes in water quality in real time and adjust the operating parameters according to the monitoring results.

[0013] Step 7: Harvest the above-ground plant parts every winter as livestock feed to prevent clogging of the constructed wetland bed.

[0014] Preferably, a first dredging port is provided at the bottom of the sewage collection tank.

[0015] Preferably, a water outlet is provided on one side of the water reservoir and a third water outlet pipe is provided on the other side, and the third water outlet pipe is connected to the second dredging outlet.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom side wall of the artificial wetland bed is provided with a PVC hole with a cover.

[0017] Preferably, the sewage collection pool is 3.0m long, 1.0m wide and 1.0m high, the ecological floating bed occupies half of the water surface, the submerged plants are planted at 10-15 plants / m2, the aperture of the first outlet pipe is 0.2m, and the left end is wrapped by a fiber mesh with dense small holes, and the right end is closed.

[0018] Preferably, the artificial wetland bed is 4.0 m long, 1.0 m wide and 1.5 m high. The artificial wetland bed is a vertical baffled wetland. The particle size of the pebbles is 3-4 cm, the crushed stones is 1-2 cm, and the river sand is 0.5-1 cm.

[0019] Preferably, the ecological floating bed is composed of a perforated plastic film, and the spacing between plants and rows of aquatic plants in the collection pool is 0.2 m.

[0020] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0021] 1. Modular design: Sewage collection tanks, artificial wetland beds, and water reservoirs all adopt modular design, which is detachable and easy to assemble, allowing for flexible installation and adjustment according to specific requirements of different locations. It saves labor, time, and has low costs, and is very suitable for water purification of domestic sewage and aquaculture wastewater in small villages and rural areas.

[0022] 2. Application of pretreatment facilities: The ecological floating beds, submerged plants and benthic organisms in the sewage collection pool have strong ability to resist pollution, filter and decompose pollutants. In addition to planting aquatic plants in the collection pool with well-developed root systems and strong division abilities, the ecological floating beds can also be used to plant hydroponic vegetables, which can not only absorb large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus, reduce eutrophication of water bodies, further purify water bodies, but also generate economic income.

[0023] 3. Double water purification: Establishing a vertical baffled artificial wetland can achieve the effect of double water purification. Selecting wetland aquatic plants with strong decontamination ability in the soil not only has a certain ornamental effect, but also has a stronger ability to absorb pollutants. The steps are simple, the land is small, the treatment effect is stable, the operation and management are convenient, the investment is saved, the operating cost is low, and it is in line with the local economic situation.

[0024] 4. Intelligent device: Automatic cleaning grille can regularly clean and intercept floating objects and suspended particles, reducing the frequency and difficulty of manual cleaning.

[0025] 5. Water quality monitoring sensor: Water quality monitoring sensors are installed at the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe to monitor changes in water quality in real time and adjust operating parameters such as water flow rate and hydraulic retention time based on the monitoring results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1. Automatic cleaning grille; 2. Water inlet pipe; 3. Aquatic plants in the collection pool; 4. Ecological floating bed; 5. Submerged plants; 6. First dredging outlet; 7. First outlet pipe; 8. PVC baffle; 9. Wetland aquatic plants; 10. Second dredging outlet; 11. Automatic valve; 12. PVC board with holes; 13. PVC holes with covers; 14. Pebbles; 15. Gravel; 16. River sand; 17. Soil; 18. Second outlet pipe; 19. Third outlet pipe; 20. Outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for treating rural domestic sewage with an artificial wetland, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Establish a sewage collection pool, the sides and bottom of which are assembled and bonded with PP hard plastic plates. Install an automatic cleaning grille 1 at the water inlet pipe 2 to regularly clean the intercepted floating objects and suspended particles to reduce the frequency and difficulty of manual cleaning. The original sewage flows into the sewage collection pool from the water inlet pipe 2, and then flows out from the first outlet pipe 7 to the artificial wetland bed. An ecological floating bed 4 is placed on the surface of the sewage collection pool. Aquatic plants 3 with well-developed root systems, such as lotus, water lily, aquatic iris, etc., or hydroponic vegetables, such as water spinach, wood ear vegetable, lettuce, etc., are planted on the ecological floating bed 4. A small amount of bottom mud is placed and submerged plants 5 (such as duckweed, Malaysian pondweed, and skink tail) are planted, and a large number of benthic organisms (such as crabs, snails, clams, and shellfish) are released; sewage flows into the pool through the water inlet pipe 2, and is absorbed and intercepted by the aquatic plants 3, submerged plants 5, and benthic organisms in the collection pool on the ecological floating bed 4, and then flows out from the first outlet pipe 7 on the right; the aquatic plants 3 in the collection pool can not only absorb a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, reduce eutrophication of the water body, and further purify the water body, but also obtain economic income, and the benthic animals released at the bottom of the pool have strong ability to resist pollution, filter and decompose pollutants.

[0033] Step 2: Lay the first water outlet pipe 7 flat on the surface of the left artificial wetland, and the bottom and both sides of the pipe in contact with the artificial wetland are densely covered with water spray holes.

[0034] Step 3: Establish a vertical baffled artificial wetland. The artificial wetland bed is assembled and bonded with PP hard plastic plates. It is divided into two left and right beds by a PVC baffle 8 in the middle. A 0.20m space is left at the bottom to ensure that water can flow from the left side to the right side. On the left side 0.20m above the bottom of the artificial wetland bed: from bottom to top, perforated PVC plates 12, river sand 16, gravel 15, pebbles 14, and soil 17 are laid respectively; on the right side: from bottom to top, perforated PVC plates 12, pebbles 14, gravel 15, river sand 16, and soil 17 are laid respectively. The soil 17 is separated from the lower filler by a dense small-pore fiber mesh. The soil 17 is used for planting wetland aquatic plants 9 in combination, such as reeds, calamus, canna and iris 10 plants / m 2 , some snails, earthworms, and sandworms were stocked in the soil 17; these wetland aquatic plants 9 have well-developed root systems, strong oxygen transport capacity, good decontamination effect, easy management, and have a certain landscape effect. The density of benthic animals such as snails, earthworms, and sandworms stocked in the soil 17 is 8-12 / m 2, which are the most common omnivores in soil 17, feed on organic soil 17, increasing the porosity of the matrix by reducing its organic matter content.

[0035] Step 4: An automatic valve 11 is installed at the second silt removal port 10 at the bottom of the artificial wetland bed, and it is automatically opened when the sensor monitors that the silt accumulation height reaches 0.15m. The water flow direction on the left side of the artificial wetland bed is from top to bottom, and on the right side is from bottom to top. Different water inlet methods not only reduce the blockage of the filler but also achieve a double purification effect. The purified sewage is discharged from the second outlet pipe 18 on the upper right side. A 0.20m high drainage area is provided at the bottom of the bed, and the water flow can flow from the left side of the bed to the right side. The second silt removal port 10 is on both sides of the drainage area. When the sensor monitors that the silt accumulation height reaches 0.15m, it is automatically opened.

[0036] Step 5: Build a reservoir, which is made of PP hard plastic boards assembled and bonded together. Part of the water purified by the artificial wetland is stored in the reservoir, and some aquatic organisms such as fish and shrimp can be raised in the reservoir.

[0037] Step 6: Install water quality monitoring sensors at the first water outlet pipe 7 and the second water outlet pipe 18 to monitor changes in water quality in real time and adjust operating parameters such as water flow rate and hydraulic retention time according to the monitoring results.

[0038] Step 7: Harvest the above-ground plant parts every winter as livestock feed to prevent clogging of the constructed wetland bed.

[0039] The present invention can timely treat sewage and wastewater, reduce the massive growth of bacteria, avoid the use of sewage pipes and pumps to reduce costs, and by optimizing the matrix, improve the removal rate of pollutants, and the effluent can be used for irrigation; and adopts a detachable and easy-to-assemble modular design, installs intelligent sewage cleaning facilities and water quality monitoring sensors to reduce manual workload and costs, and monitors water quality changes in real time to achieve low-cost and efficient ecological technical treatment; the automatic cleaning grid 1 in the water inlet pipe 2 of the sewage collection pool can regularly clean and intercept floating objects and suspended particles, reducing the frequency and difficulty of manual cleaning; the aquatic plants 3 in the collection pool, the submerged plants 5 at the bottom of the pool and a large number of benthic animals released in the ecological floating bed 4 can intercept, absorb and decompose pollutants, reduce floating objects and suspended particles in sewage to prevent blockage, thereby reducing the load on the wetland system; vertical folding is applied. The artificial wetland has a dual purification effect on sewage. Pebbles 14, gravel 15 and river sand 16 are used as filter materials in the bed, which have good permeability and are economical and reasonable. The wetland aquatic plants 9 planted in combination in the soil 17 can improve the sewage purification ability. The snails, earthworms and sandworms released in the soil 17 can loosen the soil 17 and eat fallen leaves, preventing the fallen leaves from entering the lower filler and causing blockage; using a dense small-pore fiber mesh to separate the soil 17 from the lower filler can effectively reduce the blockage of the lower filler by fallen leaves and soil 17; the water stored in the reservoir after the sewage is purified by the deflected artificial wetland can be used for irrigation, pond fish farming, cleaning of breeding sites, etc., to achieve recycling, which is very suitable for the purification of eutrophic water bodies such as domestic sewage and aquaculture wastewater of scattered rural residents, which not only solves the environmental pollution problem but also realizes the recycling of water resources.

[0040] To further optimize the solution, a first dredging port 6 is provided at the bottom of the sewage collection tank.

[0041] To further optimize the scheme, a water outlet 20 is provided on one side of the reservoir and a third water outlet pipe 19 is provided on the other side, and the third water outlet pipe 19 is connected to the second silt removal port 10. The sewage is purified by the artificial wetland and stored in the reservoir, and discharged through the water outlet 20. It can be used for irrigation, pond fish farming, cleaning of breeding sites, etc., to achieve recycling. When the sensor detects that the silt accumulation height reaches 0.15m, the automatic valve 11 opens, and the water in the reservoir flows from the third water outlet pipe 19 to the second silt removal port 10 with the help of potential energy difference, and the silt deposited at the bottom of the artificial wetland bed is washed out, reducing the workload and cost of manual silt removal, and realizing the recycling of water.

[0042] Further optimizing the scheme, the side wall at the bottom of the artificial wetland bed is provided with a covered PVC hole 13. The setting of the covered PVC hole 13 is convenient for cleaning silt in the future to prevent clogging.

[0043] To further optimize the plan, the sewage collection pool is 3.0m long, 1.0m wide and 1.0m high, the ecological floating bed 4 occupies half of the water surface, the submerged plants 5 are planted at 10-15 plants / m2, the aperture of the first outlet pipe 7 is 0.2m, and the left end is wrapped by a fiber mesh with dense small holes, and the right end is closed.

[0044] The plan was further optimized. The artificial wetland bed was 4.0 m long, 1.0 m wide and 1.5 m high. The artificial wetland bed was a vertical baffled wetland. The particle size of the pebbles 14 was 3-4 cm, the crushed stones 15 was 1-2 cm, and the river sand 16 was 0.5-1 cm.

[0045] To further optimize the solution, the ecological floating bed 4 is composed of a perforated plastic film, and the spacing between plants and rows of the aquatic plants 3 in the collection pool is 0.2 m.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Establish a sewage collection pool, set a water inlet pipe (2) on one side of the sewage collection pool and a first water outlet pipe (7) on the other side, install an automatic cleaning grille (1) at the water inlet pipe (2), place an ecological floating bed (4) on the surface of the sewage collection pool, plant aquatic plants (3) or hydroponic vegetables with well-developed root systems on the ecological floating bed (4), place a small amount of bottom mud on the bottom of the sewage collection pool and plant submerged plants (5); Step 2: Lay the first water outlet pipe (7) flat on the surface of the artificial wetland on the left side, and densely distribute water spray holes on the bottom and both sides of the pipe in contact with the artificial wetland; Step 3: Establish a vertical baffled artificial wetland. The artificial wetland is divided into two beds, left and right, by a PVC baffle (8). On the left side 0.20 m above the bottom of the artificial wetland bed, a perforated PVC board (12), river sand (16), gravel (15), pebbles (14), and soil (17) are laid from bottom to top. Right side: from bottom to top, perforated PVC board (12), pebbles (14), crushed stone (15), river sand (16), and soil (17) are laid respectively, and wetland aquatic plants (9) are planted in the soil (17); Step 4: a second silt removal port (10) is provided on both sides of the bottom of the artificial wetland, and an automatic valve (11) is installed at the second silt removal port (10). When the silt accumulation reaches a certain level through the sensor, the automatic valve (11) is opened; Step 5: Build a reservoir to temporarily store some water for artificial wetland desilting, stocking fish and shrimp or other life needs; Step 6: A second outlet pipe (18) is arranged on the top of the artificial wetland, away from the sewage collection tank, and the second outlet pipe (18) is connected to the water storage tank. Water quality monitoring sensors are respectively installed at the first outlet pipe (7) and the second outlet pipe (18) to monitor the change of water quality in real time and adjust the operation parameters according to the monitoring results; Step 7: Harvest the above-ground plant parts every winter as livestock feed to prevent clogging of the constructed wetland bed.

2. The method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first desilting port (6) is provided at the bottom of the sewage collection tank.

3. The method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water reservoir is provided with a water outlet (20) on one side and a third water outlet pipe (19) on the other side, and the third water outlet pipe (19) is connected to the second dredging outlet (10).

4. The method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom side wall of the artificial wetland bed is provided with a PVC hole (13) with a cover.

5. The method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage collection pool is 3.0 m long, 1.0 m wide and 1.0 m high. The ecological floating bed (4) occupies half of the water surface. The submerged plants (5) are planted at 10-15 plants / m. 2 The first water outlet pipe (7) has a hole diameter of 0.2 m, and the left end is wrapped by a fiber mesh with dense small holes, and the right end is closed.

6. The method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial wetland bed is 4.0m long, 1.0m wide and 1.5m high. The artificial wetland bed is a vertical baffled wetland. The particle size of the pebbles (14) is 3-4cm, the particle size of the crushed stones (15) is 1-2cm, and the particle size of the river sand (16) is 0.5-1cm.

7. The method for treating rural domestic sewage using artificial wetlands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological floating bed (4) is composed of a perforated plastic film, and the spacing between plants and rows of the aquatic plants (3) in the collection pool is 0.2 m.

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