Impact turbine runner center body cooling device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of ultra-large impulse turbine runner center body martensitic stainless steel forgings, in particular to an impulse turbine runner center body cooling device and a using method thereof.The impulse turbine runner center body cooling device comprises a base, a support and a cooling assembly, the support is arranged on the base, and the support comprises a vertical rod and an inclined face used for containing a runner center body; the cooling assembly is arranged on the base and used for cooling the runner center body. The special tool has the advantages that the special tool design is adopted, the supporting and safety requirements of workpiece placement are met, it is guaranteed that the two ends of a workpiece can be rapidly cooled at the same time, and the cooling efficiency and uniformity are improved. The double-layer adjustable draught fan is adopted, air is accurately blown to each part of the workpiece, local temperature control is achieved, and the cooling process is further optimized. In the cooling process, rotation and turn-over are conducted, through rotation and turn-over operation, the cooling uniformity of the workpiece is further improved, the structure and crystal grains can be refined, and therefore the comprehensive mechanical performance of the workpiece is improved, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of martensitic stainless steel forgings of a super-large impulse turbine runner center body, and in particular to an impulse turbine runner center body cooling device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of the development and utilization of hydropower energy, high-head and large-capacity impulse turbines are being used more and more widely. During the operation of this type of equipment, its core component, the runner center body, needs to withstand huge mechanical and thermal stresses, while also dealing with complex water flow conditions and environmental factors. Therefore, extremely high requirements are placed on the material properties of the runner center body, especially in terms of strength, toughness, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance.

[0003] Martensitic stainless steel has become the preferred material for manufacturing the center body of large impulse turbine runners due to its excellent mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance. However, the heat treatment process of martensitic stainless steel is complicated, especially the cooling process after forging, which has a decisive influence on the final organizational state and performance. The traditional air cooling method is difficult to meet the needs of fast and uniform cooling of large-sized and thick-walled workpieces, which can easily lead to residual stress inside the workpiece and even defects such as cracks, which seriously affect the service life and safety of the workpiece.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a novel cooling device for the center body of the impingement turbine runner and a method for using the same. The device realizes rapid cooling of both ends of the workpiece simultaneously through special tooling design and optimized fan placement, effectively improving cooling efficiency and uniformity. In addition, the uniformity of workpiece cooling is further improved through the rotation + flipping operation mode, which helps to refine the structure and grain, thereby improving the comprehensive mechanical properties and service life of the workpiece.

[0005] In summary, the background technology of the present invention is based on the current manufacturing needs of the central body of the impeller of a high-head and large-capacity impulse turbine, and provides a new solution to the shortcomings of traditional cooling methods, aiming to improve the quality and reliability of the workpiece and meet the high standards of modern hydropower equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provides a device for cooling the central body of an impulse turbine runner and a method for using the same.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A device for cooling the central body of an impulse turbine runner comprises: a base, a bracket and a cooling assembly, wherein the bracket is arranged on the base, and the support comprises a vertical rod and an inclined surface for placing the central body of the runner;

[0009] The cooling assembly is arranged on the base and is used to cool the center body of the runner.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of vertical rods are provided, with ventilation gaps between them.

[0011] Furthermore, the inclined surface is composed of a plurality of support rods, or is configured as an integral inclined surface with ventilation holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the angles of the inclined surface and the base can be adjusted, and the portion connected to the base is configured to be in a shape that matches the central body of the rotating wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the base is provided with a snap-in groove for fixing inclined surfaces at different angles.

[0014] Furthermore, a clamping surface is provided at the end of the column, and the clamping surface matches the slope of the inclined surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the base is provided with a stopper.

[0016] Furthermore, the cooling component is rotatably arranged on the base so that the cooling component rotates around the base.

[0017] Furthermore, the height and width of the cooling assembly are configured to match the central body of the rotor.

[0018] Furthermore, a method for using a cooling device for a center body of an impulse turbine runner comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1: Build a cooling device according to the size of the wheel center body that needs to be cooled;

[0020] S2: Adjust the slope of the inclined plane according to the shape of the central body of the runner that needs to dissipate heat;

[0021] S3: hoist the heat-treated runner center body, first place the bottom of the runner center body on the corresponding position of the upper platform, hold it against the stopper, and then tilt the runner center body down to the inclined surface;

[0022] S4: After confirming that the central body of the runner is firmly placed, the cooling assembly is turned on, and the cooling assembly rotates around the central body of the runner for cooling;

[0023] S5: Turn the front and back sides over at regular intervals, and rotate the workpiece 90° in the circumferential direction;

[0024] S6: After cooling is completed, the center body of the runner is hoisted out of the cooling device to complete cooling.

[0025] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The cooling device and method of the present invention are aimed at the characteristics of heavy weight and high performance requirements of the center body forgings of the ultra-large impulse turbine runner, combined with the key role of the post-forging heat treatment process on the final performance of the product, and innovatively designed a cooling tool and process method for the post-forging heat treatment of ultra-thick and heavy martensitic stainless steel forgings, which effectively improves the overall quality of the product. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Adopt special tooling design: meet the support and safety requirements of workpiece placement, ensure that both ends of the workpiece can be cooled quickly at the same time, and improve cooling efficiency and uniformity.

[0028] 2. Double-layer adjustable fan: precise air blowing to each part of the workpiece to achieve local temperature control and further optimize the cooling process.

[0029] 3. Rotation + turning over during cooling: Through rotation and turning operations, the uniformity of workpiece cooling is further improved, which helps to refine the structure and grain, thereby improving the comprehensive mechanical properties and service life of the workpiece.

[0030] 4. Improve production efficiency: Due to faster and more uniform cooling, the time of the workpiece in the heat treatment process is reduced, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.

[0031] 5. Reduce energy consumption: The optimized cooling process reduces energy consumption, especially when using equipment such as fans.

[0032] 6. Enhance workpiece stability: By improving cooling conditions, the generation of internal stress in the workpiece is reduced, and the structural stability and reliability of the workpiece are improved.

[0033] 7. Strong adaptability: The device and method are not only suitable for martensitic stainless steel forgings, but can also be adjusted to adapt to the cooling treatment of other types of metal materials as needed.

[0034] 8. Easy operation: The entire cooling process can be controlled in an automated or semi-automated manner, reducing the difficulty of operation and labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of placing the central body of the runner of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a circular base of the present invention.

[0038] Markings in the figure:

[0039] 1 - base, 2 - bracket, 3 - cooling assembly, 4 - vertical rod, 5 - inclined surface, 6 - snap-on groove, 7 - snap-on surface, 8 - stopper.

[0040] Specific Examples

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, a device for cooling the central body of an impulse turbine runner comprises: a base 1, a bracket 2 and a cooling assembly 3, wherein the bracket 2 is arranged on the base 1, and the support comprises a vertical rod 4 and an inclined surface 5 for placing the central body of the runner;

[0045] The cooling assembly 3 is arranged on the base 1 and is used to cool the center body of the runner.

[0046] The invention comprises components such as a base 1, a bracket 2, and a slope 5, which together form a stable and adjustable support structure. The vertical rod 4 arranged on the base 1 and the slope 5 on the bracket 2 provide a stable placement for the workpiece, while the ventilation gap design of the slope 5 ensures air circulation and avoids heat accumulation. This design not only improves the cooling efficiency, but also ensures the safety and stability of the workpiece during the cooling process.

[0047] Specifically, the vertical rod 4 is vertically arranged on the base 1 to support the inclined plane 5. The center body of the wheel is placed on the inclined plane 5 so that it is tilted and fully in contact with the air to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. The cooling component 3 uses a high-power fan to blow heat to the center body of the wheel.

[0048] Furthermore, the vertical rods 4 are arranged in a plurality, with ventilation gaps left between them.

[0049] This design further enhances the cooling effect. The mesh structure formed by the plurality of vertical rods 4 increases the contact area between the air and the workpiece, while the ventilation gaps promote air flow, allowing the heat to be dissipated more quickly.

[0050] Furthermore, the inclined surface 5 is composed of a plurality of support rods, or is configured as an integral inclined surface 5 with ventilation holes.

[0051] The inclined surface 5 is composed of a plurality of supporting rods and is provided with an inclined surface 5 or an integral ventilation hole for supporting the workpiece. This design takes into account both the stability of the workpiece and the cooling efficiency. The setting of the inclined surface 5 enables the workpiece to slide naturally to the designated position under the action of gravity even if it is not placed properly, and the ventilation hole ensures that the air can flow smoothly.

[0052] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined surface 5 and the base 1 can be adjusted, and the portion connected with the base 1 is configured to have a shape matching the central body of the rotating wheel.

[0053] Furthermore, the base 1 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 6 for fixing the inclined surfaces 5 at different angles.

[0054] The angle of the inclined surface 5 and the base 1 is adjustable and matches the shape of the joint, which increases the flexibility and adaptability of the device. Inclined surfaces 5 of different angles can meet the cooling requirements of different workpieces, while the clamping groove 6 and the stopper 8 ensure the stability of the inclined surface 5 after adjustment.

[0055] Specifically, the base 1 is provided with a plurality of engaging grooves 6, which are respectively placed corresponding to the inclined surfaces 5 at different angles, and the placement angle is 45 degrees plus or minus 15 degrees, and every 5 degrees is an adjustment scale.

[0056] Furthermore, a clamping surface 7 is provided at the end of the column, and the clamping surface 7 matches the slope of the inclined surface 5 .

[0057] The end face of the column is clamped with the end face of the inclined surface 5, and this design further improves the stability and reliability of the device. The close fit between the column and the inclined surface 5 reduces the risk of shaking and displacement of the workpiece during the cooling process.

[0058] Furthermore, the base 1 is provided with a stopper 8 .

[0059] This design ensures the stability and safety of the workpiece during the cooling process, avoiding the risk of uneven cooling or damage caused by workpiece movement.

[0060] Furthermore, the cooling component 3 is rotatably disposed on the base 1 , so that the cooling component 3 rotates around the base 1 .

[0061] The cooling assembly 3 is rotatably arranged on the base 1, and this design makes the cooling process more uniform and efficient. The rotating cooling assembly 3 can cover all parts of the workpiece, ensuring that each area can be fully cooled.

[0062] This operation mode further optimizes the cooling effect. During the rotation process, the cooling component 3 can continuously change the contact angle and position with the workpiece, making the cooling more comprehensive and in-depth.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the cooling component 3 is configured as a high-power fan. In order to evenly dissipate the heat of the workpiece, the cooling component 3 is rotatably set on the base 1. The base 1 is configured as a circle. A circular track and a driving motor are set on the periphery of the base 1. The high-power fan is connected through a robotic arm. The fan rotates around the workpiece to achieve 360-degree heat dissipation without dead angles.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, in addition to the rotational heat dissipation method adopted in embodiment 1, the cooling component 3 adopts a bracket 2, and multiple fans are placed on the bracket 2. The height and width of the bracket 2 are set to match the center body of the rotor, so that air can flow at all angles of the workpiece to dissipate heat.

[0066] The height and width of the cooling assembly 3 match the center body of the wheel, and this design ensures the pertinence and effectiveness of the cooling process. The appropriate size matching enables the cooling assembly 3 to fit closely to the surface of the workpiece, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0067] Furthermore, a method for using a cooling device for a center body of an impulse turbine runner comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1: Build a cooling device according to the size of the wheel center body that needs to be cooled;

[0069] First, customize or adjust the specifications of the base 1 and the inclined surface 5 according to the size and shape of the wheel center body to be cooled. Make sure that the bracket 2 is firmly mounted on the base 1, and the angle of the inclined surface 5 can be precisely adjusted by the adjustment mechanism to meet the needs of different workpieces. At the same time, check whether the cooling assembly 3 can rotate around the base 1, and confirm that its height and width match the wheel center body.

[0070] S2: adjust the slope of inclined plane 5 according to the shape of the central body of the runner that needs to dissipate heat;

[0071] According to the specific shape of the wheel center body and the cooling requirements, the cooling effect is optimized by adjusting the angle of the bevel 5, and the bottom of the bevel 5 is placed in different clamping grooves 6 to adjust the angle of the bevel 5. This step is crucial to ensure uniform cooling of all parts of the workpiece.

[0072] S3: hoist the heat-treated runner center body, first place the bottom of the runner center body on the corresponding position of the upper platform, against the stopper 8, and then tilt the runner center body obliquely to the inclined surface 5;

[0073] Use a crane or other lifting equipment to stably place the wheel center body that has undergone preliminary heat treatment and is still in a high temperature state on the inclined plane 5. During the placement process, special attention should be paid to avoid excessive friction between the workpiece and the inclined plane 5 to prevent damage to the workpiece surface. At the same time, ensure that the bottom of the wheel center body first contacts the inclined plane 5, and then slowly lower it to the position of the stopper 8 to ensure the stability and safety of the workpiece.

[0074] S4: After confirming that the central body of the runner is firmly placed, the cooling assembly 3 is turned on, and the cooling assembly 3 rotates around the central body of the runner to cool;

[0075] Turn on the cooling component 3 and make it start to rotate around the base 1. During the rotation process, the cooling component 3 will continuously change the cooling angle and position with the workpiece, so as to achieve comprehensive cooling of the workpiece. At the same time, the wind force of the cooling component 3 can be adjusted as needed to ensure the best cooling effect. Continuously monitor the temperature change of the workpiece and the working status of the cooling component 3. If necessary, the speed or wind force of the cooling component 3 can be adjusted in time to ensure that the workpiece can achieve the desired cooling effect within the predetermined time.

[0076] S5: Turn the front and back sides over at regular intervals, and rotate the workpiece 90° in the circumferential direction;

[0077] After one side of the workpiece has cooled for a certain period of time, about 1-2 hours, the rotation of the cooling assembly 3 is stopped, and the workpiece is turned over to the other side using a lifting device. Then the cooling assembly 3 is started again for cooling. During the entire cooling process, the workpiece is turned over once at a certain interval and rotated 90 degrees in the vertical direction until the entire workpiece surface is completely cooled. This step helps to further improve the cooling uniformity and refine the structure and grains.

[0078] S6: After cooling is completed, the center body of the runner is hoisted out of the cooling device to complete cooling.

[0079] When the workpiece is completely cooled, it is inspected for appearance and measured for size to ensure that it meets the design requirements and technical standards. If any defects or unqualified items are found, they should be repaired or scrapped in a timely manner.

[0080] After the cooling operation is completed, clean and maintain the cooling device. Remove dust and debris from the surface of the device, check whether each component is intact and apply a proper amount of lubricating oil to extend the service life. At the same time, keep a record for reference next time.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for cooling the central body of an impulse turbine runner, characterized in that: include: A base (1), a support (2) and a cooling assembly (3), wherein the support (2) is arranged on the base (1), and the support comprises a vertical rod (4) and an inclined surface (5) for placing the central body of the rotating wheel; The cooling component (3) is arranged on the base (1) and is used to cool the central body of the rotor.

2. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical rods (4) are arranged in a plurality, with ventilation gaps left between them.

3. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined surface (5) is composed of a plurality of support rods, or is configured as an integral inclined surface (5) having ventilation holes.

4. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined surface (5) and the base (1) can be adjusted, and the portion connected to the base (1) is configured to be in a shape that matches the central body of the rotating wheel.

5. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a clamping groove (6) for fixing inclined surfaces (5) of different angles.

6. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the column is provided with a clamping surface (7), and the clamping surface (7) matches the slope of the inclined surface (5).

7. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a stopper (8).

8. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling component (3) is rotatably arranged on the base (1), so that the cooling component (3) rotates around the base (1).

9. The device for cooling the center body of an impingement turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height and width of the cooling assembly (3) are configured to match the central body of the rotor.

10. A method for using a Pelton turbine runner central body cooling device, applied to a Pelton turbine runner central body cooling device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Build a cooling device according to the size of the wheel center body that needs to be cooled; S2: adjusting the slope of the inclined surface (5) according to the shape of the central body of the rotor that needs to dissipate heat; S3: hoisting the heat-treated rotor center body, first placing the bottom of the rotor center body on the corresponding position of the upper platform, against the stopper (8), and then tilting the rotor center body obliquely onto the inclined surface (5); S4: After confirming that the central body of the rotating wheel is firmly placed, the cooling component (3) is turned on, and the cooling component (3) rotates around the central body of the rotating wheel to cool the rotating wheel; S5: Turn the front and back sides over at regular intervals, and rotate the workpiece 90° in the circumferential direction; S6: After cooling is completed, the center body of the runner is hoisted out of the cooling device to complete cooling.

Images