Mine blasting gravel protection part
By designing self-constant pressure units and exhaust flow self-regulating units in mine blasting gravel protective parts, the problem that high-pressure oxygen cylinders cannot perform constant oxygen discharge is solved, ensuring stable oxygen supply in the cannon shed, improving personnel safety and convenience of use.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411950675.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, high-pressure oxygen cylinders cannot perform constant oxygen discharge, resulting in too little oxygen in the sealed cannon shed, affecting personnel safety.
A mine blasting gravel protection piece is designed, including a sealed gun shed, a self-constant pressure unit and an exhaust flow self-regulating unit. The self-constant pressure unit automatically maintains a constant air pressure through the cooperation of the constant pressure column and heavy objects and adds oxygen to the cannon shed; the self-regulating exhaust flow of the self-regulating unit automatically adjusts the oxygen emissions according to the weight of the personnel.
It effectively avoids the problem of too little oxygen in the cannon shed, ensures the safety of personnel, and improves the convenience and efficiency of use by automatically adjusting the oxygen emissions.
Smart Images
Figure CN119509290A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining, and in particular to a mine blasting rock protection component. Background Art
[0002] The basic principle of open-pit mining blasting is to use the explosive energy of explosives to break rocks or other materials to achieve the predetermined engineering purpose. During the blasting process, the explosives explode in the blast hole, generating a powerful detonation wave, which breaks the ore or rock from the ore body or rock body to form a blast pile, and then the ore or rock in the blast pile is transported out of the open-pit mine by the excavation and loading process.
[0003] In open-pit mine blasting, in order to ensure the safety of personnel, protective equipment blast shelters are needed. In open-pit mine blasting construction, it is used as a safety protection facility for blasting workers to avoid dangerous factors such as flying rocks and blasting fragments. During the mining process, the shock waves and flying rocks generated by blasting operations may cause serious injuries to miners, or even endanger their lives, so the construction of blast shelters has become a vital safety measure.
[0004] In order to prevent dust generated by explosions from entering the existing blast shelters, the interior of the sheds is generally sealed and equipped with high-pressure oxygen cylinders to provide oxygen. When the high-pressure oxygen cylinders are supplying oxygen, the internal air pressure decreases as the oxygen flows out while the valve opening remains unchanged. This causes the flow rate to change constantly at all times, making it impossible to discharge oxygen constantly. This can easily cause too little oxygen in the internal space and make people inside feel uncomfortable. Therefore, the present application provides a mine blasting and rock crushing protective part to meet the needs. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mine blasting rock protection component to solve the technical problem in the prior art that high-pressure oxygen cylinders cannot discharge oxygen constantly.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a mine blasting and rock crushing protective device, comprising a sealed blast shelter, wherein the sealed blast shelter has a high-pressure oxygen cylinder inside, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the sealed blast shelter, and the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe is installed with an elastic sleeve with an open upper end and a closed lower end, the lower inner wall of the elastic sleeve is tightly attached to form a seal through its own elasticity, and also includes a self-constant pressure unit for automatically maintaining a constant air pressure and adding oxygen into the sealed blast shelter.
[0007] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, the self-constant pressure unit includes a hollow constant pressure column with an opening at the upper end and a weight sealed and slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the constant pressure column; An exhaust pipe is provided on the outer wall of the constant pressure column, and a first valve is installed on the exhaust pipe, and a plurality of gas outlet heads are provided on the exhaust pipe; The outer wall of the weight is wrapped with an elastic layer, a first rubber wheel and a second rubber wheel are rotatably arranged on a mounting rod at the bottom of the weight, two ends of the second rubber wheel respectively contact the inner wall of the constant pressure column and the outer wall of the first rubber wheel, a wire winding wheel is coaxially mounted with the first rubber wheel, the wire winding wheel is connected to the impact column through a first pull rope, a mounting rod is fixed on the mounting rod, and a T-shaped rod is fixed on the mounting rod, and the T-shaped head of the T-shaped rod is slidably arranged in a T-shaped slide groove adapted to the impact column; A positioning rod is slidably provided on the mounting rod, and the right end of the positioning rod is plugged into a positioning hole provided on the outer wall of the impact column, a guiding inclined surface is provided at the lower part of the right end of the positioning rod, a third rubber wheel is rotatably provided on the left end of the positioning rod to roll against the inner wall of the constant pressure column, a retaining ring is fixedly provided on the positioning rod, and the retaining ring is connected to the mounting rod through a connecting spring; An air inlet pipe is fixed on the inner cavity wall of the constant pressure column, and a second valve with an adjustment handle is installed on the air inlet pipe. The adjustment handle is located directly below the impact column, and the outer end of the adjustment handle is connected to the lower end of the weight through a second pull rope; The inner cavity of the constant pressure column is further provided with an inner groove, the inner groove is arranged on the movement path of the second rubber wheel, and the inner groove is arranged above the second valve.
[0008] As a preferred implementation manner in this embodiment, it also includes an exhaust flow self-regulating unit, which automatically adjusts the oxygen exhaust flow according to the weight of people entering the sealed gun shelter.
[0009] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, the automatic flow regulating unit includes a supporting plate with four groups of linear springs at the bottom, the supporting plate is connected to the bottom of the sealed gun shelter through a telescopic tube, a tooth plate is fixed to the upper end of the supporting plate, and the tooth plate is connected to the end of the regulating shaft of the first valve with a gear.
[0010] As a preferred implementation manner in this embodiment, it also includes an inflation flow self-adjusting unit, which can automatically adjust the inflation flow of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder into the constant pressure column according to the weight of the personnel in the sealed gun shelter.
[0011] As a preferred implementation manner in this embodiment, the inflation flow self-adjusting unit includes a first piston rod fixed to the bottom of the supporting plate, the lower end of the first piston rod is sealingly slidably arranged in the first piston cylinder, the first piston cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed gun shelter, the first piston cylinder is connected to the second piston cylinder through a connecting pipe, the second piston cylinder is located in the inner cavity of the hollow column, the hollow column is located directly below the adjusting handle, the inner cavity of the hollow column is provided with a gear rod passing through the hollow column, and the upper end of the gear rod is provided with an impact plate, the lower end of the gear rod located in the inner cavity of the hollow column is gear-connected with the second piston rod through a transmission gear, and the lower end of the second piston rod is sealingly slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder.
[0012] As a preferred implementation manner in this embodiment, a partition is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed gun shelter, the high-pressure oxygen cylinder and the constant pressure column are arranged on the left side of the partition, and the supporting plate is arranged on the right side of the partition.
[0013] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: The invention has a reasonable structure. The protective element is provided with a self-constant pressure unit to maintain a constant air pressure and fill the shed with oxygen, which can effectively avoid the situation where there is too little oxygen in the shed and the internal personnel feel uncomfortable. In the present invention, an exhaust flow self-regulating unit is provided, which can automatically adjust the oxygen exhaust volume according to the weight of the human body, without the need for human operation, which is convenient and quick; In the present invention, an inflation flow self-regulating unit is provided, which is beneficial to the stability of the gas flow discharged from the gas outlet, and can also avoid the rapid increase of the internal air pressure of the constant pressure column, which leads to an increase in the gas flow discharged from the gas outlet and causes waste of oxygen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The middle side view shows the partial and enlarged structure diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the medium constant pressure column; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle.
[0016] In the figure: 1. sealed artillery shelter; 2. constant pressure column; 3. high-pressure oxygen cylinder; 4. outlet head; 5. first valve; 6. gear; 7. bearing plate; 8. telescopic tube; 9. linear spring; 10. weight; 11. second pull rope; 12. mounting rod; 13. first rubber wheel; 14. second rubber wheel; 15. winding wheel; 16. first pull rope; 17. impact column; 18. winding wheel; 19. T-bar; 20. partition; 21. inner groove; 22. connecting pipe; 23. first piston cylinder; 24. first piston rod; 25. intake pipe; 26. second valve; 27. impact plate; 28. gear rod; 29. hollow column; 30. transmission gear; 31. gear plate; 32. second piston cylinder; 33. gear plate; 34. elastic sleeve; 35. positioning rod; 36. retaining ring; 37. connecting spring; 38. third rubber wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Example: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A mine blasting and rock crushing protection device shown in the figure includes a sealed blast shelter 1, a high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 is provided inside the sealed blast shelter 1, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the sealed blast shelter 1, and an elastic sleeve 34 with an open upper end and a closed lower end is installed in the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe, the lower inner wall of the elastic sleeve 34 is tightly attached to form a seal through its own elasticity, and also includes a self-constant pressure unit for automatically maintaining a constant air pressure and adding oxygen into the sealed blast shelter 1.
[0019] Maintaining a constant air pressure and filling the greenhouse with oxygen can effectively avoid a situation where there is too little oxygen in the greenhouse and people inside feel uncomfortable.
[0020] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 1-4 As shown, the self-constant pressure unit includes a constant pressure column 2 which is hollow and has an opening at the upper end, and a weight 10 which is sealed and slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the constant pressure column 2; An exhaust pipe is provided on the outer wall of the constant pressure column 2, and a first valve 5 is installed on the exhaust pipe, and a plurality of gas outlet heads 4 are provided on the exhaust pipe; The outer wall of the weight 10 is wrapped with an elastic layer, and a first rubber wheel 13 and a second rubber wheel 14 are rotatably arranged on a mounting rod 12 at the bottom of the weight 10, and the two ends of the second rubber wheel 14 respectively contact the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2 and the outer wall of the first rubber wheel 13, and a winding wheel 15 is coaxially installed with the first rubber wheel 13, and the winding wheel 15 is connected to a striking column 17 through a first pull rope 16, and a mounting rod 18 is fixed on the mounting rod 12, and a T-shaped rod 19 is fixed on the mounting rod 18, and the T-shaped head of the T-shaped rod 19 is slidably arranged in a T-shaped slide groove adapted to the striking column 17; A positioning rod 35 is slidably provided on the mounting rod 12, and the right end of the positioning rod 35 is plugged into a positioning hole provided on the outer wall of the impact column 17, a guiding inclined surface is provided at the lower part of the right end of the positioning rod 35, and a third rubber wheel 38 is rotatably provided on the left end of the positioning rod 35 to roll against the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2, a retaining ring 36 is fixedly sleeved on the positioning rod 35, and the retaining ring 36 is connected to the mounting rod 12 through a connecting spring 37; An air inlet pipe 25 is fixed on the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2, and a second valve 26 with an adjustment handle is installed on the air inlet pipe 25. The adjustment handle is located directly below the impact column 17, and the outer end of the adjustment handle is connected to the lower end of the weight 10 through the second pull rope 11; The inner cavity of the constant pressure column 2 is further provided with an inner groove 21 . The inner groove 21 is arranged on the movement path of the second rubber wheel 14 . The inner groove 21 is arranged above the second valve 26 .
[0021] When in use, the personnel in the shed can adjust the opening and closing degree through the first valve 5. After the adjustment is completed, oxygen will be ejected from the air outlet 4 at a constant speed. As the amount of gas in the constant pressure column 2 decreases, the internal air pressure decreases, and the weight 10 will overcome the friction between it and the constant pressure column 2 and move downward, always maintaining stability in the constant pressure column 2. As the weight 10 moves downward, the insertion of the positioning rod 35 and the impact column 17 limits the impact column 17 to move downward, and at the same time, the sliding of the T-shaped rod 19 and the impact column 17 limits the impact column 17 to move upward, eventually making the second rubber wheel 15 slide downward relative to the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2 (the second rubber wheel 15 does not rotate at this time)). When the second rubber wheel 15 and the third rubber wheel 38 both move into the inner groove 21, the positioning rod 35 moves to the left through the elastic force of the connecting spring 37, and releases the insertion and positioning of the positioning rod 35 on the impact column 17. At the same time, the second rubber wheel 15 is separated from the contact with the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2. At this time, the impact column 17 moves downward under the action of its own gravity. The second rubber wheel 15 will slide upward relative to the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2 (i.e., it will not rotate). When the weight 10 rises to the highest height, during this process, the second pull rope 11 will be straightened and drive the adjusting handle to return to its original position. At this time, the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 will no longer rush oxygen into the constant pressure column 2. When the device is working normally, gas is discharged through the gas outlet head 4. When the internal air pressure increases, the gas will expand the elastic sleeve 34 and be discharged (most of which is carbon dioxide exhaled by the human body).
[0022] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it also includes an exhaust flow self-regulating unit, which automatically adjusts the oxygen exhaust flow according to the weight of people entering the sealed gun shelter 1.
[0023] It automatically adjusts the oxygen emission according to the body weight, without the need for human operation, which is convenient and fast.
[0024] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the automatic flow regulating unit includes a supporting plate 7 with four groups of linear springs 9 at the bottom. The supporting plate 7 is connected to the bottom of the sealed gun shelter 1 through a telescopic tube 8. A tooth plate 33 is fixed to the upper end of the supporting plate 7, and the tooth plate 33 is gear-connected with a gear 6 installed at the end of the regulating shaft of the first valve 5.
[0025] When the weight of a human body acts on the load-bearing plate 7, its linear spring 9 will move downward and drive the gear 6 to rotate through the tooth plate 33, thereby realizing self-adjustment of oxygen emission according to the weight of the human body. When there is no person carrying the load, its first valve 5 is in a closed state.
[0026] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it also includes an inflation flow self-regulating unit, which can automatically adjust the inflation flow of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 toward the constant pressure column 2 according to the weight of the personnel in the sealed artillery shelter 1.
[0027] When there are people in the bomb shelter and the high-pressure oxygen tank 3 is charging oxygen into the constant pressure column 2, the inflation flow rate is automatically adjusted according to the weight of the people, which is conducive to the stability of the gas flow discharged from the air outlet 24 (avoiding discomfort to people caused by insufficient oxygen). At the same time, it can also avoid the rapid increase of the internal air pressure of the constant pressure column 2, which will lead to an increase in the gas flow discharged from the air outlet 24, thereby wasting oxygen (which will easily cause more oxygen to be discharged out of the shed).
[0028] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the inflation flow self-regulating unit includes a first piston rod 24 fixed to the bottom of the supporting plate 7, the lower end of the first piston rod 24 is sealingly slidably arranged in the first piston cylinder 23, the first piston cylinder 23 is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed gun shelter 1, the first piston cylinder 23 is connected to the second piston cylinder 32 through a connecting tube 22, the second piston cylinder 32 is located in the inner cavity of the hollow column 29, the hollow column 29 is located directly below the adjustment handle, the inner cavity of the hollow column 29 is provided with a gear rod 28 passing through the hollow column 29, and the upper end of the gear rod 28 is provided with an impact plate 27, the lower end of the gear rod 28 located in the inner cavity of the hollow column 29 is gear-connected with the second piston rod 31 through a transmission gear 30, and the lower end of the second piston rod 31 is sealingly slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder 32.
[0029] During use, when the supporting plate 7 moves downward under the weight of the human body, the first piston rod 24 moves downward and squeezes the gas in the first piston cylinder 23 into the second piston cylinder 32, so that the tooth plate 31 moves upward and drives the tooth rod 28 to move downward through the transmission gear 30, and finally the impact plate 27 moves downward. As the weight carried by the supporting plate 7 increases, the distance the impact plate 27 moves downward increases, and the distance between the impact plate 27 and the adjustment handle increases, so that the angle at which the impact plate 27 can rotate downward after colliding with the adjustment handle becomes larger, that is, the opening and closing degree becomes larger, and the exhaust volume per unit time is correspondingly increased.
[0030] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, a partition 20 is set at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed gun shelter 1, the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 and the constant pressure column 2 are set on the left side of the partition 20, and the supporting plate 7 is set on the right side of the partition 20.
[0031] The high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 and the constant-pressure column 2 are divided into sections and arranged with the supporting plate 7 by the partition plate 20, so that the distribution of each component is reasonable.
[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A protective device for rock blasting in a mine, comprising a sealed blast shelter (1), wherein a high-pressure oxygen cylinder (3) is provided inside the sealed blast shelter (1), an exhaust pipe is provided on the outer wall of the sealed blast shelter (1), and an elastic sleeve (34) with an open upper end and a closed lower end is installed in the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe, and the lower inner wall of the elastic sleeve (34) is tightly attached to form a seal through its own elasticity, characterized in that: It also includes a self-constant pressure unit for automatically maintaining a constant air pressure and adding oxygen into the sealed bomb shelter (1).
2. A protective element for rock blasting in mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-constant pressure unit comprises a constant pressure column (2) which is hollow and has an opening at the upper end, and a weight (10) which is sealingly and slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the constant pressure column (2); An exhaust pipe is provided on the outer wall of the constant pressure column (2), a first valve (5) is installed on the exhaust pipe, and a plurality of gas outlet heads (4) are provided on the exhaust pipe; The outer wall of the weight (10) is wrapped with an elastic layer, and a first rubber wheel (13) and a second rubber wheel (14) are rotatably arranged on a mounting rod (12) at the bottom of the weight (10), and the two ends of the second rubber wheel (14) respectively contact the inner wall of the constant pressure column (2) and the outer wall of the first rubber wheel (13), and a wire winding wheel (15) is coaxially mounted with the first rubber wheel (13), and the wire winding wheel (15) is connected to an impact column (17) via a first pull rope (16), and a mounting rod (18) is fixed on the mounting rod (12), and a T-shaped rod (19) is fixed on the mounting rod (18), and the T-shaped head of the T-shaped rod (19) is slidably arranged in a T-shaped slide groove adapted to the impact column (17); A positioning rod (35) is slidably provided on the mounting rod (12), and the right end of the positioning rod (35) is plugged into a positioning hole provided on the outer wall of the impact column (17). A guiding inclined surface is provided at the lower part of the right end of the positioning rod (35). A third rubber wheel (38) is rotatably provided on the left end of the positioning rod (35) and is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the constant pressure column (2). A retaining ring (36) is fixedly sleeved on the positioning rod (35), and the retaining ring (36) is connected to the mounting rod (12) via a connecting spring (37). An air inlet pipe (25) is fixed on the inner wall of the constant pressure column (2), and a second valve (26) with an adjustment handle is installed on the air inlet pipe (25), the adjustment handle is located directly below the impact column (17), and the outer end of the adjustment handle is connected to the lower end of the weight (10) via a second pull rope (11); The inner cavity of the constant pressure column (2) is further provided with an inner groove (21), the inner groove (21) is arranged on the movement path of the second rubber wheel (14), and the inner groove (21) is arranged above the second valve (26).
3. A protective element for rock blasting in mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises an exhaust flow self-regulating unit, which automatically regulates the oxygen exhaust flow according to the weight of people entering the sealed bomb shelter (1).
4. A protective element for rock blasting in mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic flow regulating unit comprises a bearing plate (7) with four groups of linear springs (9) at the bottom, the bearing plate (7) is connected to the bottom of the sealed gun shelter (1) via a telescopic tube (8), a tooth plate (33) is fixed to the upper end of the bearing plate (7), and the tooth plate (33) is gear-connected with a gear (6) installed at the end of the regulating shaft of the first valve (5).
5. A protective element for rock blasting in mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an inflation flow self-regulating unit, which can automatically adjust the inflation flow of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder (3) toward the constant pressure column (2) according to the weight of the personnel in the sealed bomb shelter (1).
6. A protective element for rock blasting in mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inflation flow self-adjusting unit comprises a first piston rod (24) fixed to the bottom of the bearing plate (7), the lower end of the first piston rod (24) is sealingly slidably arranged in a first piston cylinder (23), the first piston cylinder (23) is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed gun shelter (1), the first piston cylinder (23) is connected to a second piston cylinder (32) through a connecting pipe (22), the second piston cylinder (32) is located in the inner cavity of the hollow column (29), the hollow column (29) is located directly below the adjustment handle, the inner cavity of the hollow column (29) is provided with a gear rod (28) penetrating the hollow column (29), and the upper end of the gear rod (28) is provided with a strike plate (27), the lower end of the gear rod (28) located in the inner cavity of the hollow column (29) is gear-connected with the second piston rod (31) through a transmission gear (30), and the lower end of the second piston rod (31) is sealingly slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder (32).
7. A protective element for rock blasting in mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: A partition (20) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed gunfire shelter (1), the high-pressure oxygen cylinder (3) and the constant pressure column (2) are arranged on the left side of the partition (20), and the bearing plate (7) is arranged on the right side of the partition (20).