Physical simulation method for internal deformation in forging process

Abstract

The invention provides a physical simulation method for internal deformation in the forging process, and relates to the technical field of forging. The method comprises the following steps: determining a test material corresponding to a to-be-simulated forging stock in a material library for additive manufacturing; performing additive manufacturing based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging stock samples; each forging stock sample is forged, and forging of each forging stock sample is stopped at different moments in the forging process; performing cutting treatment on each forged forging stock sample to obtain a forging stock slice corresponding to each forging stock sample; and acquiring a section image of each forging stock slice, and simulating the deformation of the to-be-simulated forging stock in the forging process based on the molten pool contour line and / or the scanning trajectory shown in the section image. The forging stock sample obtained through additive manufacturing is used for replacing a real forging stock to conduct a forging test, and then deformation generated in the forging process can be simulated through changes of the molten pool contour line and / or the scanning track line in the forging stock sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of forging technology, and in particular to a physical simulation method for internal deformation in a forging process. Background Art

[0002] Forging is a metal processing method that mainly produces plastic deformation. During the high-temperature forging process, the forging blank will undergo a large amount of plastic deformation, and its internal grain structure will also change.

[0003] In the related art, since the internal structure of the forging blank during the forging process is invisible, the deformation occurring inside the forging blank is difficult to be characterized, and therefore it is difficult to perform effective physical simulation of the forging process of the forging blank. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the present disclosure provides a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for physical simulation of internal deformation in a forging process.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for simulating internal deformation of a forging process is provided, comprising:

[0006] In a material library for additive manufacturing, a test material corresponding to a forging blank to be simulated is determined; wherein at least part of the metal component in the test material is the same as that in the forging blank to be simulated;

[0007] Perform additive manufacturing based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens;

[0008] Forging each forging blank sample separately, and during the forging process, the forging of each forging blank sample is terminated at different times;

[0009] Cutting each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a forging blank slice corresponding to each forging blank sample;

[0010] The cross-sectional images of each forging billet slice are collected, and based on the molten pool contour line and / or the scanning trajectory line shown in the cross-sectional image, the deformation of the forging billet to be simulated during the forging process is simulated.

[0011] In some embodiments, each forging billet specimen includes a standard region and a defect region;

[0012] The additive manufacturing is performed based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens, including:

[0013] Based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, additive manufacturing is performed on the standard area of ​​each forging blank sample, and based on the defect parameters, additive manufacturing is performed on the defect area of ​​each forging blank sample to complete the preparation of each forging blank sample;

[0014] The defect parameter is obtained by performing at least one of the following processing on the standard parameter:

[0015] Increase or decrease the laser power in the standard parameters by more than 50%;

[0016] Increase the scan spacing from the standard parameters by more than 50%.

[0017] In some embodiments, each forging blank specimen includes a standard area and a positioning area;

[0018] The additive manufacturing is performed based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens, including:

[0019] Based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, additive manufacturing is performed on the standard area of ​​each forging blank sample, and based on the positioning parameters, additive manufacturing is performed on the positioning area of ​​each forging blank sample to complete the preparation of each forging blank sample;

[0020] The positioning parameters are obtained by performing at least one of the following processing on the standard parameters:

[0021] Increase or decrease the laser power in the standard parameters by 10% to 30%;

[0022] Increase or decrease the scanning interval in the standard parameters by 10% to 30%;

[0023] Increase or decrease the scan speed from the standard parameters by 10% to 30%.

[0024] In some embodiments, each forging blank specimen includes a standard area and a positioning area;

[0025] The additive manufacturing is performed based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens, including:

[0026] Based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, additive manufacturing is performed on each forging blank sample, and a remelting scan is performed on a positioning area in each forging blank sample to complete the preparation of each forging blank sample.

[0027] In some embodiments, forging each forging blank sample separately and terminating the forging of each forging blank sample at different times during the forging process includes:

[0028] Each forging blank sample is forged with multiple processes respectively, and during the forging process, at least one forging blank sample is terminated at the middle moment and the end moment of each process.

[0029] In some embodiments, after cutting each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a forging blank slice corresponding to each forging blank sample, the method further includes:

[0030] Grinding and polishing the cut sections of each forging blank slice;

[0031] Based on the corrosive agent corresponding to the test material, the cut cross-section of each forging blank slice after grinding and polishing is corroded.

[0032] In some embodiments, the size of each forging billet sample before forging is the same, and the shape of each forging billet sample before forging is the same as the forging billet to be simulated.

[0033] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0034] Performing CT scanning on each forging blank sample or a forging blank slice of each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a CT scanning image corresponding to each forging blank sample;

[0035] Based on the CT scanning image corresponding to each forging billet sample, the deformation of the forging billet to be simulated during the forging process is simulated.

[0036] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0037] Performing thin-layer cutting on at least a portion of each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a thin slice corresponding to each forging blank sample;

[0038] The metallographic images of each thin slice are collected, and the at least partial region in each forging blank sample is three-dimensionally reconstructed according to the metallographic images, so as to simulate the deformation of the internal grains of the at least partial region during the forging process.

[0039] In some embodiments, the additive manufacturing method is laser additive manufacturing or ion beam additive manufacturing.

[0040] The solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can determine the test material corresponding to the forging blank to be simulated in the material library for additive manufacturing. Additive manufacturing can be performed based on the test material to obtain multiple forging blank specimens. Subsequently, each forging blank specimen can be forged separately, and during the forging process, the forging of each forging blank specimen can be terminated at different times. Cutting is performed on each forging blank specimen after forging to obtain a forging blank slice corresponding to each forging blank specimen. Next, a cross-sectional image of each forging blank slice can be collected, and based on the molten pool contour line and / or scanning trajectory line shown in the cross-sectional image, the deformation of the forging blank to be simulated during the forging process can be simulated. The embodiment of the present disclosure uses the forging blank specimen obtained by additive manufacturing to replace the real forging blank for forging test, and then can simulate the deformation occurring during the forging process by the change of the molten pool contour line and / or scanning trajectory line in the forging blank specimen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1A schematic flow chart of a method for simulating internal deformation of a forging process in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the molten pool contour of a forging billet sample in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the scanning trajectory of the forging sample in the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0045] Forging is a solid-state metal forming method that mainly achieves a significant change in the shape of the metal through plastic deformation, and finally obtains a forged blank. The metal undergoes complex plastic deformation during the high-temperature forging process. The deformation size and direction of the core and surface, and even the adjacent parts inside are different, and the deformation occurring at different times may also be different.

[0046] This uneven deformation will affect the grain structure changes inside the forging billet, the evolution of internal voids and crack defects, and affect the internal grain crushing and recrystallization, ultimately affecting the performance of the resulting forgings.

[0047] However, since the interior of the metal forging billet is not visible and it is difficult to infer the internal deformation from its surface deformation, the plastic deformation of the forging billet during the forging process is difficult to characterize.

[0048] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for physical simulation of internal deformation in a forging process, which can use a forging blank sample obtained by additive manufacturing to replace the real forging blank for forging test, and then simulate the deformation occurring in the forging process by changing the molten pool contour line and / or scanning trajectory line in the forging blank sample.

[0049] This exemplary implementation will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] Firstly, a method for physics simulation of internal deformation in a forging process is provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a process flow of a physical simulation method for internal deformation of a forging process in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown as follows: Figure 1As shown, the method for simulating internal deformation of a forging process provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps S101 to S105.

[0052] S101, determining a test material corresponding to a forging blank to be simulated in a material library for additive manufacturing.

[0053] It should be noted that the "forging blank to be simulated" in the embodiments of the present disclosure is the real forging blank used for forging. The present disclosure aims to simulate the forging process of the real forging blank by using the forging blank specimen obtained by additive manufacturing of the test material, but the material of the real forging blank may not be suitable for additive manufacturing.

[0054] Therefore, before preparing the forging billet specimen, the test material corresponding to the forging billet to be simulated can be determined.

[0055] For example, if the material of the forging blank to be simulated exists in a material library for additive manufacturing, the material of the forging blank to be simulated can be directly used as the test material.

[0056] If the material of the forging blank to be simulated does not exist in the material library for additive manufacturing, a material having at least a partial metal composition identical to that of the forging blank to be simulated may be selected from the material library for additive manufacturing.

[0057] Exemplarily, the metal component with the highest content in the test material should be the same as that in the forging billet to be simulated, so that the forging billet specimen prepared from the test material has forging properties similar to those of the forging billet to be simulated.

[0058] S102, performing additive manufacturing based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens.

[0059] In some embodiments, the shape of each forging billet sample obtained by additive manufacturing is the same as that of the forging billet to be simulated, and although the size of each forging billet sample may be different from that of the forging billet to be simulated, the size of each forging billet sample is the same.

[0060] That is to say, from the appearance point of view, the forging blank sample can be obtained by scaling the forging blank to be simulated, so that the forging blank sample can meet the size requirements of additive manufacturing and the size requirements of forging test. By making the size of each forging blank sample the same, it is convenient to compare the forging results of each forging blank sample in the future to simulate the deformation process generated during the forging process.

[0061] In some embodiments, the additive manufacturing method may be laser additive manufacturing or ion beam additive manufacturing, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0062] S103, forging each forging blank sample respectively, and during the forging process, terminating the forging of each forging blank sample at a different time.

[0063] In some embodiments, among the forging blank samples obtained by additive manufacturing, forging can be terminated immediately at the start of forging, that is, at least one forging blank sample is retained without forging, so as to show the initial appearance of the forging blank before forging when simulating the deformation of the real forging blank.

[0064] In some embodiments, by terminating the forging of each forging billet sample at a different time, each forging billet sample can be used to simulate a real forging billet in different forging conditions.

[0065] S104, cutting each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a forging blank slice corresponding to each forging blank sample.

[0066] In some embodiments, each forging blank sample can be cut by wire cutting so as to cut each forging blank sample into a plurality of forging blank slices, and the thickness of each forging blank slice can be the same or different.

[0067] In some embodiments, each forging blank sample may be cut according to a specified step length (eg, 1 mm to 20 mm) to obtain a plurality of forging blank slices corresponding to each forging blank sample.

[0068] In some embodiments, each forging blank sample may be cut in at least one direction, and the cutting directions of the forging blank samples are the same, so as to compare the cutting results of the forging blank samples and simulate the deformation process of forging. The cutting direction of the forging blank sample may be adaptively selected according to the method of additive manufacturing, and may be a direction that is convenient for viewing the molten pool and / or scanning track in the forging blank sample.

[0069] S105, collecting cross-sectional images of each forging blank slice, and simulating the deformation of the forging blank to be simulated during the forging process based on the molten pool contour line and / or the scanning trajectory line shown in the cross-sectional image.

[0070] In some embodiments, cross-sectional images of each forging blank slice may be collected by an optical metallographic microscope, a scanning electron microscope, or the like.

[0071] The molten pool is the pool-shaped area formed when the test material is heated to a molten state and cooled under the action of a laser or ion beam during the additive manufacturing process. The molten pool contour is the contour of the area. The scanning trajectory is the trajectory formed when the laser or ion beam moves along a specific path during the additive manufacturing process.

[0072] For example, affected by the structure and cutting direction of the forging billet sample, the cross-sectional image of the same forging billet slice may show both the molten pool contour line and the scanning trajectory line, or may show only one of the two.

[0073] For example, for the forging sample obtained by single-channel scanning, since the molten pool and the scanning track are shown in two directions perpendicular to each other in the forging sample. If the forging sample is cut along the scanning track direction in order to better collect the scanning track line in the cross-sectional image, the forging slice obtained at this time will not be able to show the molten pool contour line. In order to simultaneously collect the molten pool contour line and the scanning track line of this type of forging sample, the forging sample can be cut along at least two directions in S104, one of the cutting directions can be selected in the scanning track direction to obtain the forging slice for collecting the scanning track line; the other cutting direction can be selected in a direction perpendicular to the scanning track direction to obtain the forging slice for collecting the molten pool contour line. In this way, clear molten pool contour lines and scanning track lines can be collected from the slices obtained by cutting in different directions.

[0074] For another example, when the forging billet sample has a multi-layer structure and the scanning directions of the various layers are different, the forging billet slices obtained by cutting along the scanning track direction or the molten pool cross section can simultaneously show the scanning track line and the molten pool contour line.

[0075] In some embodiments, in order to make the molten pool contour line and / or scanning trajectory line in the cross-section of the forging blank slice clearly appear, the cut cross-section of each forging blank slice can be ground and polished before collecting the cross-sectional image, and then the cut cross-section of each forging blank slice after the grinding and polishing treatment can be corroded based on the corrosive agent corresponding to the test material.

[0076] For example, the cut sections of each forging blank slice can be ground and polished with sandpaper, and then the forging blank slice after grinding and polishing is corroded in a chemical corrosive agent for a certain period of time to display the sample structure morphology. The corrosion method can be a chemical corrosion method or an electrolytic corrosion method. The corrosive agent can be selected according to the test material and the corrosion method, which is not described in detail in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] In some embodiments, by inputting the collected cross-sectional images into image processing software or a pre-trained neural network model, the molten pool contour lines and scanning trajectory lines in each cross-sectional image can be extracted.

[0078] Therefore, the molten pool contour lines and scanning trajectory lines corresponding to each forging billet sample that terminates forging at different times can be obtained. These contour lines and trajectory lines can be used to characterize the deformation of the real forging billet at each moment during the forging process, thereby achieving the purpose of simulating the internal deformation of the forging process.

[0079] In addition, by comparing and analyzing the molten pool contour lines and scanning trajectory lines corresponding to each forging billet sample, the dynamic process of forging deformation can also be simulated.

[0080] It is understandable that the molten pool contour line and the scanning trajectory line can be extracted at the same time, or only one of them can be extracted, which does not affect the implementation of the disclosed embodiment. In other words, as long as one of the molten pool contour line and the scanning trajectory line is extracted, the purpose of simulating the internal deformation of the forging process can be achieved.

[0081] For example, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the molten pool contour of the forging sample in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 In the figure, the cross-sectional image 1 on the left shows the molten pool contour of the forging specimen in the initial state, and the cross-sectional image 2 on the right shows the molten pool contour of the forging specimen after roughening. By comparing the two, the plastic deformation of the forging specimen during the roughening process can be obtained.

[0082] For example, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the scanning trajectory of the forging sample in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 In the figure, the cross-sectional image 3 on the left shows the scanning trajectory of the forging sample in the initial state, and the cross-sectional image 4 on the right shows the scanning trajectory of the forging sample after roughening. By comparing the two, the plastic deformation of the forging sample during the roughening process can also be obtained.

[0083] In some embodiments, the forging blank sample includes a standard area and a defect area, and the defect area in each forging blank sample is the same. By prefabricating defects (eg, tiny holes) in the defect area, the evolution law of defects in the forging blank during the forging process can be simulated.

[0084] Exemplarily, when preparing forging specimens by additive manufacturing technology, additive manufacturing can be performed on the standard area of ​​each forging specimen based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, and additive manufacturing can be performed on the defective area of ​​each forging specimen based on the defect parameters to complete the preparation of each forging specimen.

[0085] The standard parameters can be determined by the type of test material and can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the forging specimen. The standard parameters can be understood as the additive manufacturing parameters used to prepare the forging specimen under ideal conditions.

[0086] Exemplarily, the defect parameter may be obtained by performing at least one of the following processing on the standard parameter:

[0087] Increase or decrease the laser power in the standard parameters by more than 50%;

[0088] Increase the scan spacing from the standard parameters by more than 50%.

[0089] It is understandable that in the additive manufacturing process, increasing the laser power will cause the metal melt to flow, reducing the laser power will cause the metal melt to pill, and increasing the scanning interval will cause adjacent scanning passes to not overlap repeatedly. Therefore, by adjusting the standard parameters in the above way, defects such as tiny holes can be prefabricated locally.

[0090] In some embodiments, the forging billet specimen includes a standard area and a positioning area, and the positioning area in each forging billet specimen is also the same. By making the positioning area produce a molten pool appearance and / or scanning track with a different form from the standard area, the area can be quickly located in the cross-sectional image of the forging billet slice, and the area can be used as a position marker to locate the research area of ​​the forging billet deformation under specific circumstances. Among them, the specific situation can be that the forging billet specimen is too large, there are many molten pools and scanning tracks, the deformation caused by the forging process is large, and other situations with positioning requirements or requiring zoning research.

[0091] Exemplarily, when preparing forging specimens by additive manufacturing technology, additive manufacturing can be performed on the standard area of ​​each forging specimen based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, and additive manufacturing can be performed on the positioning area of ​​each forging specimen based on the positioning parameters to complete the preparation of each forging specimen.

[0092] Among them, the positioning parameters can be obtained by performing at least one of the following processing on the standard parameters:

[0093] Increase or decrease the laser power from the standard parameters by 10% to 30%;

[0094] Increase or decrease the scan spacing in standard parameters by 10% to 30%;

[0095] Increase or decrease the scan speed from the standard parameters by 10% to 30%.

[0096] It can be understood that by slightly adjusting at least one of the laser power, scanning spacing and scanning speed, different molten pool morphologies and / or scanning trajectories can be formed locally in the prepared forging specimen.

[0097] Exemplarily, after the forging blank sample is additively manufactured based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, the positioning area in the forging blank sample may be remelted and scanned again to complete the preparation of the forging blank sample including the positioning area.

[0098] Whether using different parameters for additive manufacturing in different areas or performing remelting scanning on the positioning area, the purpose is to make the positioning area produce a molten pool appearance and / or scanning trajectory different from that of the standard area, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly distinguishing the positioning area.

[0099] In addition, the above-mentioned defect area and positioning area can be formed in the same forging sample to achieve their respective functions. In other words, the forging sample can also include the standard area, defect area and positioning area at the same time, which will not be elaborated in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] In some embodiments, in the above S103, each forging blank sample may be subjected to multiple forging processes respectively, and during the forging process, at least one forging blank sample is terminated at the middle moment and the end moment of each process.

[0101] Among them, the forging process can be roughening, drawing, bending, punching, etc. The intermediate moment of each forging process can be understood as any moment after the start and before the end of the process, and the end time corresponds to the moment when the process is completed.

[0102] With this arrangement, the deformation effect caused by each forging process can be characterized by at least two forging billet specimens, and at least one intermediate state representation and one result state representation can be included, and the result state of the previous process can actually be used as the initial state of the next process. In this way, the deformation process of the forging billet specimen during the forging process can be simulated relatively smoothly, and the influence of each forging process on the deformation can be independently analyzed.

[0103] In some embodiments, each forging sample or a forging slice of each forging sample after forging may be subjected to a computed tomography (CT) scan to obtain a CT scan image corresponding to each forging sample. Then, based on the CT scan image corresponding to each forging sample, the deformation of the forging sample to be simulated during the forging process is simulated.

[0104] That is, the CT technology can be used to analyze the structural heterogeneity in the forging specimen (or its slice), thereby determining the deformation of the forging specimen during the forging process.

[0105] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the forged forging sample may be thinly sliced ​​to obtain a thin slice corresponding to each forging sample. Then, metallographic images of each thin slice are collected, and three-dimensional reconstruction of at least a portion of the forging sample is performed based on the metallographic images to simulate the deformation of the internal grains of at least a portion of the region during the forging process.

[0106] For example, by thin-layer cutting of the forging blank sample, several thin slices with a thickness of less than 0.2 mm can be obtained. These thin slices can be placed under a scanning electron microscope, and the metallographic images of each thin slice can be collected using the Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD) technology. The metallographic images collected by the EBSD technology can show the microscopic internal grain structure of each forging blank sample. Of course, the metallographic images of each thin slice can also be collected by an optical metallographic microscope, which will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0107] For example, for the same forging billet sample, by importing the metallographic images of its various thin slices into the image analysis software, its internal grains can be reconstructed in three dimensions in order to analyze the deformation of its internal grains during the forging process, and thereby obtain the strain and displacement of its molten pool and internal grains during the forging process.

[0108] The above is an exemplary description of the implementation of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the implementation process of the present disclosure will be fully described below in conjunction with the following Example 1 and Example 2.

[0109] Example 1

[0110] Assuming that the forging blank to be simulated (real forging blank) is a low alloy steel shaft forging blank made of CrNiMo, in order to simulate the deformation of the forging blank during the forging process, the following operations can be performed:

[0111] S1, 24CrNiMo alloy steel with similar metal composition to the forging blank to be simulated and can be used for additive manufacturing was selected as the test material, and five cylindrical forging blank specimens with a size of φ40mm×40mm were prepared by laser selective melting technology.

[0112] S2, according to the same forging process as the forging billet to be simulated, the forging billet sample is subjected to long-axis forging. Among them, the forging process can be divided into upsetting and drawing. Two of the forging billet samples can be terminated forging at the middle moment and the end moment of the upsetting process, and the other two forging billet samples can be terminated forging at the middle moment and the end moment of the drawing process, while retaining one forging billet sample as an initial state reference, and the forging is terminated at the beginning moment of forging.

[0113] S3, after the cooling of each forging blank sample after the termination of forging, each forging blank sample is cut along the same specified direction with a step length of 10 mm, and the cut section is ground and polished and corroded. The changes of the molten pool contour line and scanning trajectory line formed in additive manufacturing during the forging process are observed and determined by optical metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope.

[0114] S4, by comparing the molten pool contour lines and scanning trajectory lines on the corresponding cutting sections of each forging billet specimen, the plastic strain distribution of the forging billet specimen in different forging processes can be calculated by relevant image analysis software, so as to simulate the deformation of the real forging billet during the forging process.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] Assuming that the forging billet to be simulated (real forging billet) is a forging billet made of 7050 aluminum alloy, in order to simulate the deformation of the forging billet during the forging process, the following operations can be performed:

[0117] S1. AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy with similar metal composition to the forging blank to be simulated and usable for additive manufacturing was selected as the test material. Six cubic forging blank specimens with dimensions of 40 mm × 40 mm × 40 mm were prepared by laser energy deposition technology.

[0118] S2. According to the same forging process as that of the forging to be simulated, the forging sample is subjected to multi-directional forging along the three directions of x, y and z. Forging in each direction can be terminated at the middle moment before the end of forging in that direction, and at the same time, the forging of another forging sample can be terminated at the end of forging in that direction.

[0119] S3, after the cooling of each forging blank sample after the termination of forging, each forging blank sample is cut along the same specified direction with a step length of 10 mm, and the cut section is ground and polished and corroded. The changes of the molten pool contour line and scanning trajectory line formed in additive manufacturing during the forging process are observed and determined by optical metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope.

[0120] S4, by comparing the molten pool contour lines and scanning trajectory lines on the corresponding cutting sections of each forging billet specimen, the plastic strain distribution of the forging billet specimen in different forging processes can be calculated by relevant image analysis software, so as to simulate the deformation of the real forging billet during the forging process.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating internal deformation of a forging process, characterized in that: include: In a material library for additive manufacturing, a test material corresponding to a forging blank to be simulated is determined; wherein at least part of the metal component in the test material is the same as that in the forging blank to be simulated; Perform additive manufacturing based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens; Forging each forging blank sample separately, and during the forging process, the forging of each forging blank sample is terminated at different times; Cutting each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a forging blank slice corresponding to each forging blank sample; The cross-sectional images of each forging billet slice are collected, and based on the molten pool contour line and / or the scanning trajectory line shown in the cross-sectional image, the deformation of the forging billet to be simulated during the forging process is simulated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Each forging billet specimen includes a standard area and a defect area; The additive manufacturing is performed based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens, including: Based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, additive manufacturing is performed on the standard area of ​​each forging blank sample, and based on the defect parameters, additive manufacturing is performed on the defect area of ​​each forging blank sample to complete the preparation of each forging blank sample; The defect parameter is obtained by performing at least one of the following processing on the standard parameter: Increase or decrease the laser power in the standard parameters by more than 50%; Increase the scan spacing from the standard parameters by more than 50%.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Each forging billet specimen includes a standard area and a positioning area; The additive manufacturing is performed based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens, including: Based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, additive manufacturing is performed on the standard area of ​​each forging blank sample, and based on the positioning parameters, additive manufacturing is performed on the positioning area of ​​each forging blank sample to complete the preparation of each forging blank sample; The positioning parameters are obtained by performing at least one of the following processing on the standard parameters: Increase or decrease the laser power in the standard parameters by 10% to 30%; Increase or decrease the scanning interval in the standard parameters by 10% to 30%; Increase or decrease the scan speed from the standard parameters by 10% to 30%.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Each forging billet specimen includes a standard area and a positioning area; The additive manufacturing is performed based on the test material to obtain a plurality of forging blank specimens, including: Based on the standard parameters corresponding to the test material, additive manufacturing is performed on each forging blank sample, and a remelting scan is performed on a positioning area in each forging blank sample to complete the preparation of each forging blank sample.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The forging of each forging blank sample is performed separately, and during the forging process, the forging of each forging blank sample is terminated at a different time, including: Each forging blank sample is subjected to a plurality of forging processes respectively, and during the forging process, at least one forging blank sample is terminated at the middle moment and the end moment of each process.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After the forging samples are cut to obtain forging slices corresponding to each forging sample, the method further includes: Grinding and polishing the cut sections of each forging blank slice; Based on the corrosive agent corresponding to the test material, the cut cross-section of each forging blank slice after grinding and polishing is corroded.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The size of each forging billet sample before forging is the same, and the shape of each forging billet sample before forging is the same as that of the forging billet to be simulated.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Performing CT scanning on each forging blank sample or a forging blank slice of each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a CT scanning image corresponding to each forging blank sample; Based on the CT scanning image corresponding to each forging billet sample, the deformation of the forging billet to be simulated during the forging process is simulated.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Performing thin-layer cutting on at least a portion of each forging blank sample after forging to obtain a thin slice corresponding to each forging blank sample; The metallographic images of each thin slice are collected, and the at least partial region in each forging blank sample is three-dimensionally reconstructed according to the metallographic images, so as to simulate the deformation of the internal grains of the at least partial region during the forging process.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The additive manufacturing method is laser additive manufacturing or ion beam additive manufacturing.

Images