A brazing filler metal, a method for preparing the same and an application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of brazing material, in particular to a brazing filler metal, a preparation method and application thereof.The brazing filler metal comprises a strip-shaped wear-resistant body and at least one brazing filler metal pipe sleeved on the outer side of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, the strip-shaped wear-resistant body comprises a plurality of wear-resistant particles located in the core and a metal mesh wrapped on the outer side of the plurality of wear-resistant particles, and the outer surface of the wear-resistant particles is coated with a brazing flux layer.The present application first hotly coats the wear-resistant particles with a uniform brazing flux layer, uses a metal mesh with a proper inner diameter of pores to wrap the wear-resistant particles to form a strip or a rod, and finally sleeves the outer part into the brazing filler metal pipe to obtain a brazing filler metal with high strength, high wear resistance and replaceable composition.The method is simple to operate, easy to realize and high in efficiency.The brazing filler metal realizes the feasibility of replacing the composition of the brazing filler metal at any time according to the brazing performance requirements, meets the diversity requirements of workpiece brazing, and has high joint strength and good wear resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of brazing materials, in particular to a brazing filler metal and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasingly extreme and complex service environment of workpieces (such as superhard tools such as shield cutter, oil drill and cutting tooth), different requirements are put forward for the performance of brazing filler metal, for example, the welding of the cutter head at the center of the shield cutter requires brazing at a high temperature, and a brazing filler metal with good wettability and low melting temperature is required; the welding of the cutter head at the edge of the shield cutter requires low brazing temperature (induction heating, high edge temperature), and a brazing filler metal with slightly high melting temperature and no overflow is required. Similarly, the edge of the shield cutter wears badly, and a high wear-resistant brazing filler metal is required, and the center of the shield cutter is under great stress, and a high-strength brazing filler metal is required.

[0003] When the existing brazing filler metal is used for brazing superhard tools, the shear strength of the joint is generally about 220 MPa, and the working temperature is about 300 DEG C. It cannot meet the high reliability mechanical properties and high wear resistance requirements of superhard tools, and the composition of the brazing filler metal is fixed, which cannot meet the diversified brazing performance requirements of superhard tools. The existing method is to use conventional brazing filler metal to braze the shield cutter, and then use wear-resistant coating material to melt a layer of metallurgical wear-resistant layer on the surface of the cutter. The process is complex, and multiple materials are required.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a brazing filler metal with high strength, high wear resistance and replaceable composition is needed to be developed, which is suitable for high reliability brazing of superhard tools.

[0005] Therefore, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0006] The first object of the present application is to provide a brazing filler metal with high strength, high wear resistance and replaceable composition, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing brazing filler metal has low strength, poor wear resistance, and fixed composition, and cannot meet the diversified brazing performance requirements of workpieces. The present application realizes the feasibility of replacing the composition of the brazing filler metal at any time according to the brazing performance requirements, meets the diversity requirements of workpiece brazing, and has high joint strength and good wear resistance of the brazed workpiece.

[0007] The second object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the brazing filler metal as described above. The method of the present application is simple to operate, easy to implement and high in efficiency.

[0008] The third object of the present application is to provide an application of the brazing filler metal as described above in the integrated brazing of shield cutter, oil drill or cutting tooth.

[0009] In order to achieve the above objects of the present application, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0010] A brazing filler material comprises a strip-shaped wear-resistant body and at least one brazing filler tube sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, the strip-shaped wear-resistant body comprises a plurality of wear-resistant particles in a core and a metal mesh sleeved outside the plurality of wear-resistant particles, and an outer surface of the wear-resistant particles is coated with a brazing flux layer.

[0011] Preferably, the strip-shaped wear-resistant body accounts for 5%-8% of the total mass of the brazing filler material.

[0012] Preferably, the brazing flux layer accounts for 5%-10% of the mass of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body.

[0013] Preferably, the metal mesh accounts for 10%-20% of the mass of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body.

[0014] Preferably, the wear-resistant particles account for 70%-85% of the mass of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of brazing filler tubes are sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, and the plurality of brazing filler tubes are the same or different in composition.

[0016] Preferably, the brazing filler tube comprises at least one of a silver brazing filler tube, a copper brazing filler tube or an aluminum brazing filler tube.

[0017] Preferably, the strip-shaped wear-resistant body is in a clearance fit with the brazing filler tube.

[0018] Preferably, the wear-resistant particles comprise at least one of aluminum nitride, SiC, TiC and Cr3C2.

[0019] Preferably, the metal mesh comprises any one of a stainless steel wire mesh, a copper wire mesh and a nickel wire mesh.

[0020] Preferably, a particle size of the wear-resistant particles is not less than a mesh hole aperture of the metal mesh.

[0021] Preferably, the brazing filler tube comprises at least one silver brazing filler tube, and the silver brazing filler tube comprises the following components in terms of mass fraction:

[0022] Ag 10-15 parts, a fixed ratio of Zn and Cu 80-90 parts, Ti 0.05-1.5 parts, a fixed ratio of Cr and Nb 0.06-1.5 parts, a fixed ratio of Co and Si 0.8-3 parts.

[0023] Preferably, a mass ratio of the Zn and the Cu is 0.78-0.85:1.

[0024] Preferably, a mass ratio of the Cr and the Nb is 1.1-2:1.

[0025] Preferably, a mass ratio of the Co and the Si is 3.8-4.5:1.

[0026] The preparation method of the brazing filler metal according to any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. Immersing wear-resistant particles into a semi-molten brazing flux liquid, taking out after impregnation, placing on a metal mesh, wrapping the wear-resistant particles with the metal mesh to form a strip, cooling, and obtaining a strip-shaped wear-resistant body;

[0028] S2. Wrapping at least one brazing filler metal pipe outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, and fixing the end of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body and the brazing filler metal pipe with the metal mesh, to obtain the brazing filler metal.

[0029] Preferably, the preparation method of the brazing filler metal pipe comprises the following steps:

[0030] Melting the raw material of the brazing filler metal pipe into a metal liquid by inert gas protection melting, casting to obtain an ingot, and obtaining the brazing filler metal pipe by perforated hot extrusion.

[0031] Preferably, the brazing filler metal pipe comprises at least one silver brazing filler metal pipe, the brazing flux is QJ102, the temperature of impregnation is 550-600 DEG C, and the time of impregnation is 10-20 min.

[0032] The brazing filler metal according to any one of the preceding embodiments or the brazing filler metal prepared by the preparation method of the brazing filler metal according to any one of the preceding embodiments is applied to brazing of a shield cutter, an oil drill or a tooth.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0034] (1) The brazing filler metal provided by the present application is designed as a plurality of brazing filler metal pipes wrapped outside a strip-shaped wear-resistant body, realizing the feasibility of replacing the brazing filler metal composition at any time according to the brazing performance requirement, and meeting the diversity requirement of superhard tool brazing.

[0035] (2) The metal mesh in the wear-resistant body of the present application can be dissolved into the brazing seam, further improving the joint strength; in addition, the wear-resistant particles in the wear-resistant body of the present application are coated with a uniform brazing flux layer outside, which can be welded in one step without adding brazing flux, saving the process and improving the efficiency.

[0036] (3) The brazing filler metal provided by the present application is a high-performance brazing filler metal integrating high strength, high wear resistance and high temperature performance, and has high joint strength and good wear resistance.

[0037] (4) The present application first hot melts a uniform brazing flux layer on the wear-resistant particles, wraps the wear-resistant particles with a metal mesh with a suitable pore diameter to fix them into a strip or a rod, and finally wraps the outside into a brazing filler metal pipe to obtain a brazing filler metal with high strength, wear resistance and replaceable composition. The method of the present application is simple to operate, easy to implement and high in efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-section structure of the solder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a morphology diagram of the solder joint in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a morphology diagram of the solder joint in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] 1-metal mesh; 2-solder tube; 3-wear-resistant particles; 4-brazing flux layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Those who do not specify specific conditions in the embodiments are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Those whose reagents or instruments are not specified by the manufacturer are conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a solder, including a strip-shaped wear-resistant body and at least one solder tube 2 sleeved on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, the strip-shaped wear-resistant body includes a plurality of wear-resistant particles 3 located at the core and a metal mesh 1 wrapped around the outside of the plurality of wear-resistant particles 3, and the outer surface of the wear-resistant particles 3 is covered with a flux layer 4.

[0046] The application provides a brazing filler metal with high strength and high wear resistance and replaceable components, and a plurality of brazing filler metal pipes with different properties can be prepared according to the multi-level welding performance requirements of the superhard tool, the brazing filler metal pipe outside the wear-resistant strip can be replaced at any time according to the performance requirements, the feasibility of adjusting the brazing filler metal components at any time according to the performance requirements is realized, and the diversity requirements of the superhard tool brazing are met. A plurality of brazing filler metal pipes with different components can also be sleeved outside the same wear-resistant strip, the performance requirements of the brazing filler metal for welding of different parts of the workpiece are met, and the superhard tool is integrally brazed with high strength and high wear resistance; for example, when the superhard tool is brazed, brazing filler metal pipes with different properties can be prepared, such as brazing filler metal pipes with high wear resistance, brazing filler metal pipes with high strength, and brazing filler metal pipes with impact resistance, and the appropriate brazing filler metal pipe is sleeved into the wear-resistant strip according to the service condition requirements of the workpiece to form a plurality of brazing filler metal pipes.

[0047] The metal mesh 1 in the wear-resistant body in the application can be dissolved into the brazing seam to improve the joint strength; the wear-resistant particles 3 in the wear-resistant body can improve the wear resistance, and the wear-resistant particles 3 are coated with a uniform brazing flux layer 4 outside, so that the welding can be performed in one step without adding brazing flux.

[0048] In some specific embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of the wear-resistant strip to the entire brazing filler metal is 5%-8%, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 5%, 6%, 7% and 8%.

[0049] The wear-resistant body plays a wear-resistant and reinforcing role, the brazing filler metal plays a welding role, the wear-resistant body is less than 5%, and the wear-resistant and reinforcing effect is poor; and too much wear-resistant body will result in too little brazing filler metal playing a bonding role, thereby causing low bonding strength of the particles and the matrix and easy falling off.

[0050] In some specific embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of the brazing flux layer 4 to the wear-resistant strip is 5%-10%, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10%. The brazing flux plays a film-removing and flow-aiding role, too little brazing flux has poor film-removing effect, and too much brazing flux will produce brazing flux residues.

[0051] In some specific embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of the metal mesh 1 to the wear-resistant strip is 10%-20%, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 18% and 20%.

[0052] The metal mesh is used for fixing and anchoring the wear-resistant particles, and is dissolved and dispersed in the weld seam to further enhance the weld seam strength. Too much metal mesh cannot be completely dissolved and dispersed into the weld seam; too little metal mesh is insufficient to fix and wrap the wear-resistant particles and the brazing flux.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of wear-resistant particles 3 to the strip-shaped wear-resistant body is 70%-85%, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two point values among 70%, 72%, 75%, 78%, 80%, 82% and 85%. Wear-resistant particles are the main body of wear-resistant particles, and too few wear-resistant particles cannot enhance the wear resistance of the weld; too many wear-resistant particles are difficult to be completely wrapped by the metal mesh.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of filler pipes 2 are sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, and the plurality of filler pipes 2 are the same or different.

[0055] If one filler pipe is sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, the required filler pipe length is relatively long, which is not convenient for the strip-shaped wear-resistant body to pass through. If a plurality of filler pipes are sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, the length of each single filler pipe is relatively short, which is convenient for the strip-shaped wear-resistant body to pass through, and also facilitates the replacement of the filler component locally to adapt to the brazing needs of different parts of the workpiece. The sum of the lengths of the plurality of filler pipes sleeved outside the same strip-shaped wear-resistant body is the same as the length of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body.

[0056] The composition of the plurality of filler pipes sleeved outside the same strip-shaped wear-resistant body can be the same or different, which facilitates the adjustment of the filler component according to the brazing needs. For example, a high-silver filler with low melting temperature is required for welding the cutter head at the center of the shield cutter, and a low-silver filler with slightly higher melting temperature and no overflow is required for welding the cutter head at the edge of the shield cutter. In order to adapt to the brazing needs of different parts, silver filler pipes with different compositions can be sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body to obtain filler with gradient silver content, so as to adapt to the integration of high-strength and high-wear-resistant brazing of super-hard tools such as shield cutter heads.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of each filler pipe 2 can be 100-150 mm. When the length of the filler pipe 2 is controlled within this range, the strip-shaped wear-resistant body can be better inserted.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, the filler pipe 2 includes at least one of a silver filler pipe, a copper filler pipe or an aluminum filler pipe. According to different brazing workpieces, different filler pipes can be selected to be worn outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body to adapt to different brazing scenes.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the strip-shaped wear-resistant body and the filler pipe 2 are in a gap fit.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, the outer diameter of the filler pipe 2 is 8-15 mm. In other embodiments, filler pipes of other sizes can also be used according to the application scene needs.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the wear-resistant particles 3 include at least one of aluminum nitride, SiC, TiC and Cr3C2.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, the metal mesh 1 comprises any one of stainless steel wire mesh, copper wire mesh, nickel wire mesh.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the particle size of the wear-resistant particles 3 is not less than the mesh hole aperture of the metal mesh 1, so as to avoid the wear-resistant particles from leaking out.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the wear-resistant particles 3 are irregular in shape, and the maximum side length of the wear-resistant particles 3 is 0.8-1.5 mm. If the particle size is too large, the aperture is large, and if the particle size is too small, the wear-resistant effect is poor.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the inner diameter of the mesh hole aperture of the metal mesh 1 is 0.6-0.8 mm.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, the filler metal pipe 2 comprises at least one silver filler metal pipe, and the silver filler metal pipe comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0067] Ag 10-15 parts, Zn and Cu in a fixed ratio 80-90 parts, Ti 0.05-1.5 parts, Cr and Nb in a fixed ratio 0.06-1.5 parts, Co and Si in a fixed ratio 0.8-3 parts.

[0068] Ti in the component is an active element, which can enhance the wear-resistant body; chromium and niobium can react to form a high-temperature strengthening phase Cr2Nb, thereby improving the high-temperature performance of the filler metal; cobalt and silicon can react to form a dispersedly distributed Co2Si strengthening phase in the filler joint, thereby greatly improving the strength of the filler joint. The silver filler metal formula designed in the present application has the characteristics of high strength, good high-temperature performance, and good wear resistance.

[0069] In some embodiments, typically but not limitedly, for example, in the silver filler metal pipe component, the mass fraction of Ag can be any one of 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts or a range value composed of any two point values; the mass fraction of Zn and Cu in a fixed ratio can be any one of 80 parts, 82 parts, 85 parts, 88 parts, 90 parts or a range value composed of any two point values; the mass fraction of Ti can be any one of 0.05 parts, 0.1 parts, 0.5 parts, 1 parts, 1.5 parts or a range value composed of any two point values; the mass fraction of Cr and Nb in a fixed ratio can be any one of 0.06 parts, 0.5 parts, 1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts or a range value composed of any two point values; the mass fraction of Co and Si in a fixed ratio can be any one of 0.8 parts, 1 parts, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts or a range value composed of any two point values.

[0070] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the components of the silver solder tube, the fixed ratio of Zn and Cu refers to a mass ratio of Zn to Cu of 0.78-0.85:1, for example, it can be any point value among 0.78:1, 0.79:1, 0.80:1, 0.81:1, 0.82:1, 0.83:1, 0.84:1, and 0.85:1, or a range value consisting of any two point values; when the mass fraction of Ag in the solder is 10-15%, the mass ratio of Zn to Cu is controlled within the above range, the liquidus temperature of the solder is low, about 840°C, which can significantly reduce the liquidus temperature of the silver solder.

[0071] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of Cr to Nb in the silver solder tube composition is 1.1-2:1, for example, any value among 1.1:1, 1.3:1, 1.5:1, 1.8:1, and 2:1, or a range consisting of any two values. When the mass ratio of Cr to Nb is between 1.1-2:1, when Cr and Nb react to form the strengthening phase Cr2Nb, the Cr content is excessive, and the excess Cr precipitates as strengthening particles Cr, forming two strengthening phases, Cr2Nb and Cr, which are dispersed in the solder joint. Cr2Nb improves the high-temperature performance of the solder, while the Cr particles increase the strength of the solder, thereby simultaneously improving both the high-temperature performance and the mechanical properties of the solder. If the mass ratio of Cr to Nb is less than 1.1:1, the Cr content is insufficient, and the two strengthening phases cannot be formed. If the mass ratio of Cr to Nb is greater than 2:1, an excessive amount of Cr strengthening particles precipitates, increasing the brittle and hard phases in the solder and making the solder difficult to process.

[0072] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of Co and Si in the silver solder tube component is 3.8-4.5:1, for example, it can be any point value among 3.8:1, 4:1, 4.2:1, 4.5:1 or a range value consisting of any two point values; Co and Si react to form a Co2Si strengthening phase, and the mass ratio of Co and Si is controlled within the above range, and the molar ratio of Co and Si is about 2:1, which can basically react completely. Too high or too low a mass ratio will result in excessive Co or Si residue. Co and Si are high melting point components, which will increase the brittleness of the solder, decrease the toughness, and reduce the joint strength.

[0073] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the solder according to any one of the aforementioned embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1. The wear-resistant particles are immersed in a semi-molten flux solution, and after the dipping is completed, they are removed and placed on a metal mesh, and the wear-resistant particles are wrapped with a metal mesh to form a strip, and cooled to obtain a strip-shaped wear-resistant body;

[0075] S2. The at least one brazing material tube is provided on the outside of the strip wear-resistant body, and the ends of the strip wear-resistant body and the brazing material tube are fastened with a metal mesh (eg Figure 1The filler metal is obtained.

[0076] The method of the present application innovatively hot coats a uniform brazing agent layer on wear-resistant particles of suitable particle size, and uses a metal mesh with a suitable inner diameter of the hole to wrap the wear-resistant particles to solidify into a strip or rod, and after cooling, the wear-resistant particles are bonded together to obtain a strip-shaped wear-resistant body, and finally a plurality of filler metal pipes are externally sleeved to form a high-strength, wear-resistant and composition-replaceable filler metal. The filler metal prepared by the method of the present application has replaceable composition and can meet the diverse and multi-level welding performance requirements of superhard tools; the outer surface of the wear-resistant particles is uniformly coated with the brazing agent, so that the brazing agent does not need to be added during brazing, thereby saving the process and improving the brazing efficiency; the metal mesh can be dissolved into the brazing seam to improve the joint strength.

[0077] In the method of the present application, the wear-resistant particles are coated by being immersed in a semi-melted brazing agent liquid, because the brazing agent is in a glass state when it is in a semi-melted state, has a large viscosity, can be wrapped and adhered to the surface of the wear-resistant particles, and improves the coating effect; the brazing agent can be controlled in a semi-melted state by temperature.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the filler metal pipe can be obtained by purchase or preparation.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, the preparation method of the filler metal pipe comprises the following steps:

[0080] The raw material of the filler metal pipe is melted into a metal liquid by an inert gas protection melting method, a cast ingot is obtained by casting, and the filler metal pipe is obtained by perforation hot extrusion. The filler metal pipe obtained directly by casting has many defects, and the filler metal pipe obtained by perforation hot extrusion of the cast ingot has good quality.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the filler metal pipe comprises at least one silver filler metal pipe, the brazing agent is QJ102, the temperature of the immersion is 550-600℃, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of two point values selected from 550℃, 560℃, 570℃, 580℃, 590℃ and 600℃; the time of the immersion is 10-20min, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of two point values selected from 10min, 12min, 14min, 15min, 16min, 18min and 20min.

[0082] QJ102 is a silver brazing agent, and other brazing agents can be used when other filler metal pipes are used. The temperature of the immersion is controlled at 550-600℃ in order to make the QJ102 brazing agent in a semi-melted state.

[0083] The third aspect of the present application provides an application of the filler metal of any one of the preceding embodiments or the filler metal prepared by the preparation method of any one of the preceding embodiments in the integrated brazing of superhard tools such as a shield cutter, an oil drill or a cutting tooth.

[0084] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustration of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. The specific conditions not noted in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not noted by the manufacturer, which are all conventional products that can be obtained by purchase in the market.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] The present embodiment provides a silver solder with high strength, high wear resistance and replaceable components, which is in the form of a rod and consists of a strip-shaped wear-resistant body in the core and a plurality of solder pipes sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body.

[0087] The wear-resistant body accounts for 5% of the mass of the entire solder, and the wear-resistant body consists of a metal mesh, wear-resistant particles and a flux layer, the flux layer accounts for 5% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, the metal mesh accounts for 10% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, and the rest is the wear-resistant particles.

[0088] The wear-resistant particles used are aluminum nitride, which is in an irregular shape, with the maximum side length of 0.8 mm, and is uniformly wrapped with a layer of flux layer outside; the metal mesh used is a stainless steel mesh, with a wire diameter of 0.1 mm, and the pore inner diameter of the mesh hole is 0.6 mm.

[0089] The solder pipes sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body can be replaced at any time according to performance requirements.

[0090] The mass fractions of each element in the silver solder pipe used are as follows: Ag 10 parts, a fixed ratio of Zn and Cu (Zn / Cu = 0.78) 80 parts, wherein Cu is 44.94 parts and Zn is 35.06 parts; Ti 0.05 parts, a fixed ratio of Cr and Nb (Cr / Nb = 1.1) 0.06 parts, wherein Cr is 0.0314 parts and Nb is 0.0286 parts; a fixed ratio of Co and Si (Co / Si = 3.8:1) 0.8 parts, wherein Co is 0.634 parts and Si is 0.166 parts.

[0091] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0092] (1) Preparation of silver solder pipe

[0093] The raw materials Ag, Cu, Zn, Ti, Co, Cr, Nb and Si of the silver solder pipe are weighed by mass fraction, and are melted into a metal liquid by adopting an inert gas protection melting method. The metal liquid is injected into a graphite mold cavity, cooled and demolded to obtain a solder metal ingot, and a seamless solder pipe with an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm is obtained by perforation hot extrusion. The obtained seamless solder pipe is cut into a solder pipe with a length of 100 mm for standby use.

[0094] (2) Preparation of silver solder

[0095] S1. Take the wear-resistant particles and immerse them in a semi-molten silver brazing agent liquid QJ102 at 550°C for 10 minutes. After immersion, remove them and place them on a metal mesh. The wear-resistant particles are wrapped with the metal mesh to form strips. After cooling, a strip-shaped wear-resistant body with a diameter of 5 mm, a downward deviation of -0.1 mm, and a length of 2 mm is obtained.

[0096] S2. Twenty solder tubes with an outer diameter of 8 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a length of 100 mm prepared in this embodiment are densely packed on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body prepared in step S1, and the strip-shaped wear-resistant body and the two ends of the solder tube are fastened and positioned by a metal mesh to obtain a high-strength, high-wear-resistant, and replaceable silver solder with a diameter of 8 mm.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] This embodiment provides a high-strength, high-wear-resistant silver solder with replaceable components. The silver solder is in a rod shape and consists of a strip-shaped wear-resistant core and a plurality of solder tubes sleeved on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant core.

[0099] Among them, the wear-resistant body accounts for 7% of the total solder mass. The wear-resistant body consists of three parts: metal mesh, wear-resistant particles, and flux layer. The flux layer accounts for 7% of the wear-resistant body mass, the metal mesh accounts for 15% of the wear-resistant body mass, and the rest is wear-resistant particles.

[0100] The wear-resistant particles used are SiC, which are irregular in shape, with a maximum side length of 1.0 mm and a brazing flux layer wrapped on the outside; the metal mesh used is a copper wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.2 mm and an inner diameter of the mesh holes of 0.7 mm.

[0101] The mass fractions of each element in the silver solder tube used are as follows: 11 parts of Ag, 82 parts of a fixed ratio of Zn and Cu (Zn / Cu=0.8), of which 45.55 parts of Cu and 36.45 parts of Zn; 0.1 part of Ti, 1 part of a fixed ratio of Cr and Nb (Cr / Nb=2:1), of which 0.67 parts of Cr and 0.33 parts of Nb; 1 part of a fixed ratio of Co and Si (Co / Si=4.5:1), of which 0.82 parts of Co and 0.18 parts of Si.

[0102] The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0103] The prepared silver solder tube is a seamless solder tube with an outer diameter of 10 mm and an inner diameter of 7 mm, and the cutting length is 150 mm;

[0104] In step S1, the immersion temperature in the silver brazing flux solution is 580° C., and the immersion time is 15 minutes. The diameter of the strip wear-resistant body is 7 mm, with a downward deviation of -0.1 mm, and a length of 3 meters.

[0105] In step S2, 20 solder tubes with an outer diameter of 10 mm, an inner diameter of 7 mm, and a length of 150 mm prepared in this embodiment are closely arranged on the outer side of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body of this embodiment to obtain silver solder with a diameter of 10 mm.

[0106] Example 3

[0107] This embodiment provides a high-strength, high-wear-resistant silver solder with replaceable components. The silver solder is in a rod shape and consists of a strip-shaped wear-resistant core and a plurality of solder tubes sleeved on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant core.

[0108] Among them, the wear-resistant body accounts for 7.5% of the total solder mass. The wear-resistant body consists of three parts: metal mesh, wear-resistant particles, and flux layer. The flux layer accounts for 8% of the wear-resistant body mass, the metal mesh accounts for 18% of the wear-resistant body mass, and the remainder is wear-resistant particles.

[0109] The wear-resistant particles used are TiC, which are irregular in shape, with a maximum side length of 1.2 mm and a brazing flux layer wrapped on the outside; the metal mesh used is a nickel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.5 mm and an inner diameter of the mesh pores of 0.75 mm.

[0110] The mass fractions of each element in the silver solder tube used are as follows: 12 parts of Ag, 85 parts of a fixed ratio of Zn and Cu (Zn / Cu=0.85), of which 45.95 parts of Cu and 39.05 parts of Zn; 0.5 parts of Ti, 1.5 parts of a fixed ratio of Cr and Nb (Cr / Nb=1.1:1), of which 0.79 parts of Cr and 0.71 parts of Nb; 2 parts of a fixed ratio of Co and Si (Co / Si=4.0:1), of which 1.6 parts of Co and 0.4 parts of Si.

[0111] The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0112] The prepared silver solder tube is a seamless solder metal tube with an outer diameter of 15 mm and an inner diameter of 8 mm, and the cutting length is 100 mm;

[0113] In step S1, the immersion temperature in the silver brazing flux solution is 600° C., and the immersion time is 20 minutes. The diameter of the strip wear-resistant body is 8 mm, with a downward deviation of -0.1 mm, and a length of 2 meters.

[0114] In step S2, 20 solder tubes with an outer diameter of 15 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm, and a length of 100 mm prepared in this embodiment are closely arranged on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body of this embodiment to obtain silver solder with a diameter of 15 mm.

[0115] Example 4

[0116] The embodiment provides a silver solder with high strength, high wear resistance and replaceable components, which is in a rod shape and is composed of a strip-shaped wear-resistant body in a core part and a plurality of solder pipes sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body.

[0117] The wear-resistant body accounts for 8% of the mass of the entire solder, the wear-resistant body is composed of a metal mesh, wear-resistant particles and a brazing agent layer, the brazing agent layer accounts for 10% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, the metal mesh accounts for 20% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, and the rest is the wear-resistant particles.

[0118] The wear-resistant particles are Cr2C3, are irregular in shape, have a maximum edge length of 1.5 mm, and are wrapped with a brazing agent layer outside; the metal mesh is a stainless steel mesh, has a wire diameter of 0.3 mm, and has a mesh hole with a hole inner diameter of 0.8 mm.

[0119] The silver solder pipe is used and the mass fractions of various elements are as follows: Ag 14 parts, a fixed ratio of Zn and Cu (Zn / Cu=0.8) 88 parts, wherein Cu is 48.89 parts and Zn is 39.11 parts; Ti 1 part, a fixed ratio of Cr and Nb (Cr / Nb=2:1) 1.5 parts, wherein Cr is 1 part and Nb is 0.5 part; a fixed ratio of Co and Si (Co / Si=4.5:1) 3 parts, wherein Co is 2.455 parts and Si is 0.545 part.

[0120] The preparation method is similar to that in Embodiment 1, and the difference is as follows:

[0121] The prepared solder pipe is a seamless solder metal pipe with an outer diameter of 12 mm and an inner diameter of 8 mm, and the cutting length is 100 mm;

[0122] In step S1, the immersion temperature in the silver soldering agent liquid is 600 DEG C, the immersion time is 20 min, the diameter of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body is 8 mm, the run-out deviation is -0.1 mm, and the length is 2 meters;

[0123] In step S2, 20 solder pipes prepared in the embodiment are tightly sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body in the embodiment, the outer diameter of the solder pipe is 12 mm, the inner diameter is 8 mm, and the length is 100 mm, and a silver solder with a diameter of 12 mm is obtained.

[0124] Embodiment 5

[0125] The embodiment provides a silver solder with high strength, high wear resistance and replaceable components, which is in a rod shape and is composed of a strip-shaped wear-resistant body in a core part and a plurality of solder pipes sleeved outside the strip-shaped wear-resistant body.

[0126] The wear-resistant body accounts for 8% of the mass of the entire solder, the wear-resistant body is composed of a metal mesh, wear-resistant particles and a brazing agent layer, the brazing agent layer accounts for 10% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, the metal mesh accounts for 20% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, and the rest is the wear-resistant particles.

[0127] The wear-resistant particles used are Cr2C3, which are irregular in shape, with a maximum side length of 1.5 mm and a flux layer wrapped on the outside; the metal mesh used is a stainless steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.3 mm and an inner diameter of the mesh holes of 0.8 mm.

[0128] The mass proportions of each element in the silver solder tube used are as follows: 15 parts of Ag, 90 parts of a fixed ratio of Zn and Cu (Zn / Cu=0.8), of which 50 parts of Cu and 40 parts of Zn; 0.05 parts of Ti, 1.2 parts of a fixed ratio of Cr and Nb (Cr / Nb=1.5:1), of which 0.72 parts of Cr and 0.48 parts of Nb; 0.8 parts of a fixed ratio of Co and Si (Co / Si=4.2:1), of which 0.646 parts of Co and 0.154 parts of Si.

[0129] The preparation method is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0130] Example 6

[0131] This embodiment provides a high-strength, high-wear-resistant silver solder with replaceable components. The silver solder is in a rod shape and consists of a strip-shaped wear-resistant core and a plurality of solder tubes sleeved on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant core.

[0132] Among them, the wear-resistant body accounts for 5% of the total solder mass. The wear-resistant body consists of three parts: metal mesh, wear-resistant particles, and flux layer. The flux layer accounts for 10% of the wear-resistant body mass, the metal mesh accounts for 20% of the wear-resistant body mass, and the rest is wear-resistant particles.

[0133] The wear-resistant particles used are SiC and TiC with a mass ratio of 1:1. They are irregular in shape with a maximum side length of 1.5 mm and are wrapped with a layer of flux on the outside. The metal mesh used is a stainless steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.3 mm and an inner diameter of the mesh pores of 0.8 mm.

[0134] The mass fractions of each element in the silver solder tube used are as follows: 10 parts of Ag, 90 parts of a fixed ratio of Zn and Cu (Zn / Cu=0.8), of which 50 parts of Cu and 40 parts of Zn; 1 part of Ti, 1.5 parts of a fixed ratio of Cr and Nb (Cr / Nb=2:1), of which 1 part of Cr and 0.5 part of Nb; 1 part of a fixed ratio of Co and Si (Co / Si=4.2:1), of which 0.808 parts of Co and 0.192 parts of Si.

[0135] The preparation method is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0136] Example 7

[0137] This embodiment provides a high-strength, high-wear-resistant silver solder with replaceable components. The silver solder is in a rod shape and consists of a strip-shaped wear-resistant core and a plurality of solder tubes sleeved on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant core.

[0138] The wear-resistant body accounts for 5% of the total solder mass, and is composed of a metal mesh, wear-resistant particles, and a brazing agent layer. The brazing agent layer accounts for 5% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, the metal mesh accounts for 10% of the mass of the wear-resistant body, and the remaining part is the wear-resistant particles.

[0139] The wear-resistant particles used are aluminum nitride, which is irregularly shaped, with a maximum edge length of 0.8 mm, and is uniformly coated with a brazing agent layer on the outside. The metal mesh used is a stainless steel mesh with a wire diameter of 0.1 mm, and the pore inner diameter of the mesh hole is 0.6 mm.

[0140] The silver solder pipe used is the silver solder pipe in Example 1 and Example 5.

[0141] The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except for the following differences:

[0142] In step S2, the 20 solder pipes sleeved on the outside of the wear-resistant body are composed of two metal components, 10 solder pipes have the same composition as in Example 1, and the other 10 solder pipes have the same composition as in Example 5.

[0143] Comparative Example 1

[0144] Comparative Example 1 provides a traditional silver solder that does not contain a wear-resistant body. The silver solder composition is as follows in terms of mass fraction: Ag 20 parts, Cu 45 parts, Zn 35 parts, and Ti 0.05 parts.

[0145] The silver solder preparation method is similar to the preparation method of the silver solder pipe in Example 1, except that after obtaining the ingot, a conventional extrusion drawing method is used to obtain a solid silver solder wire.

[0146] Comparative Example 2

[0147] Comparative Example 2 is similar to Example 1, except that it does not contain a strip-shaped wear-resistant body, and a solid silver solder wire is directly obtained by a conventional extrusion drawing method from the silver solder ingot. The silver solder composition is the same as in Example 1.

[0148] Comparative Example 3

[0149] Comparative Example 3 is similar to Example 1, except that the silver solder pipe composition does not contain Co, and the remaining conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0150] Comparative Example 4

[0151] Comparative Example 4 is similar to Example 1, except that the silver solder pipe composition does not contain Si, and the remaining conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0152] Comparative Example 5

[0153] Comparative Example 5 is similar to Example 1, except that the silver solder pipe composition does not contain Cr, and the remaining conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0154] Comparative Example 6

[0155] Comparative Example 6 is similar to Example 1, except that the silver solder tube does not contain Nb. Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0156] Comparative Example 7

[0157] Comparative Example 7 is similar to Example 1, except that the mass ratio of Zn to Cu in the silver solder tube components is 0.9, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0158] Comparative Example 8

[0159] Comparative Example 8 is similar to Example 1, except that the mass ratio of Zn to Cu in the silver solder tube components is 0.7, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0160] Comparative Example 9

[0161] Comparative Example 9 is similar to Example 1, except that the mass ratio of Co to Si in the silver solder tube components is 5, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0162] Comparative Example 10

[0163] Comparative Example 10 is similar to Example 1, except that the mass ratio of Co to Si in the silver solder tube components is 3, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0164] Comparative Example 11

[0165] Comparative Example 11 is similar to Example 1, except that the mass ratio of Cr to Nb in the silver solder tube components is 2.5, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0166] Comparative Example 12

[0167] Comparative Example 12 is similar to Example 1, except that the mass ratio of Cr to Nb in the silver solder tube components is 1.0, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0168] Comparative Example 13

[0169] Comparative Example 13 is similar to Example 1, except that the wear-resistant body does not have a metal mesh, the wear-resistant particles coated with a flux layer are filled in a silver solder tube in a core shape, and the other conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0170] Test Example 1

[0171] To investigate the brazed joint performance of the silver brazing filler metal in each example and each comparative example, YG8 hard alloy and 45# steel were brazed by using the silver brazing filler metal in each example and each comparative example, and shear test was carried out (performed according to the provisions of GB / T11363), 20 samples were welded for each brazing filler metal, and the welding condition was: heated to complete melting, and held for 15-20 s. The shear strength of the joint at room temperature and after 5 min of 300°C oven holding was tested respectively, and the average value was taken, the strength loss rate was calculated, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0172] Table 1

[0173]

[0174] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the joint strength of the brazing filler metal in the examples is much higher than that of the brazing filler metal in the comparative examples, especially the joint shear strength of Example 5 is as high as 287.5 MPa, which is about 64% higher than the joint shear strength of the traditional silver brazing filler metal (Comparative Example 1) of 175.3 MPa. In addition, as can be seen from the high-temperature strength loss rate of the joint, the joint strength loss rate of the brazing filler metal in the examples is relatively low, about 11%, while the joint strength loss rate of the traditional silver brazing filler metal in Comparative Example 1 is as high as 35%, which verifies that the brazing filler metal joint in the examples has good high-temperature resistance.

[0175] The brazing seam morphology of the brazing filler metal in Comparative Example 1 is shown in Figure 2 , and the energy spectrum analysis results at different positions are shown in Table 2; the brazing seam morphology of the brazing filler metal in Example 1 is shown in Figure 3 , and the energy spectrum analysis results at different positions are shown in Table 3.

[0176] Table 2

[0177] Position Ag / at % Cu / at % Zn / at % Ti at % Possible phase A 3.34 64.08 32.37 0.21 Copper-rich phase B 91.28 3.61 6.1 0 Silver-rich phase C 42.02 34.08 23.87 0 Eutectic

[0178] Table 3

[0179]

[0180] As can be seen from the data in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Tables 2 and 3, the Co2Si and Cr2Nb strengthening phases dispersedly distributed in the brazing seam in Example 1, which is the reason why the brazing filler metal joint in the example has high strength and good high-temperature resistance.

[0181] Test Example 2

[0182] In order to investigate the wear resistance of the silver solder in each embodiment and each comparative example, a 3 mm thick solder metallurgical layer was clad on a 57 mm × 25.5 mm × 6 mm 45# steel substrate using the solder in each embodiment and each comparative example. The abrasive wear test was conducted on the above samples using an MLG-130 dry rubber wheel abrasive wear tester. The test parameters were as follows: test load 20 N, abrasive 120# brown corundum sand, rubber wheel speed 100 r / min, sand flow rate 100 g / min, wear time 10 min, and the wear of different tests was expressed as weight loss. The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0183] Table 4

[0184]

[0185] The data in Table 4 show that the wear weight loss of the brazing filler metallurgy coating of the examples is less than that of the comparative examples. In particular, the wear weight loss of Example 5 is only 8.0 g, while the wear weight loss of Comparative Example 1 is as high as 27.8 g. This indicates that the wear resistance of the examples is superior.

[0186] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described using specific embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions within the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, this means that all such replacements and modifications within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solder, characterized in that: It comprises a strip-shaped wear-resistant body and a plurality of solder tubes sleeved on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body, wherein the strip-shaped wear-resistant body comprises a plurality of wear-resistant particles at the core and a metal mesh wrapped around the outside of the plurality of wear-resistant particles, and the outer surface of the wear-resistant particles is coated with a solder layer; The mass ratio of the strip wear-resistant body to the entire solder is 5%-8%; the mass ratio of the metal mesh to the strip wear-resistant body is 10%-20%; the mass ratio of the wear-resistant particles to the strip wear-resistant body is 70%-85%; The compositions of the plurality of solder tubes are the same or different.

2. The solder according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the flux layer to the strip-shaped wear-resistant body is 5%-10%.

3. The solder according to claim 1, wherein Contains at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The solder tube includes at least one of a silver solder tube, a copper solder tube or an aluminum solder tube; (2) The strip-shaped wear-resistant body and the solder tube are in clearance fit.

4. The solder according to claim 1, wherein Contains at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The wear-resistant particles include at least one of aluminum nitride, SiC, TiC, and Cr3C2; (2) The metal mesh includes any one of stainless steel mesh, copper mesh, and nickel mesh; (3) The particle size of the wear-resistant particles is not smaller than the mesh pores of the metal mesh.

5. The solder according to claim 1, wherein The solder tube comprises at least one silver solder tube, and the silver solder tube comprises the following components in parts by mass: Ag 10-15 parts, Zn and Cu in a fixed ratio 80-90 parts, Ti 0.05-1.5 parts, Cr and Nb in a fixed ratio 0.06-1.5 parts, Co and Si in a fixed ratio 0.8-3 parts.

6. The solder according to claim 5, characterized in that Contains at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The mass ratio of Zn to Cu is 0.78-0.85:1; (2) The mass ratio of the Cr to the Nb is 1.1-2:1; (3) The mass ratio of the Co to the Si is 3.8-4.5:

1.

7. The method for preparing the solder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The wear-resistant particles are immersed in a semi-molten flux solution, and after dipping, they are removed and placed on a metal mesh, using the metal mesh to wrap the wear-resistant particles to form a strip, and cooled to obtain a strip-shaped wear-resistant body; S2. The brazing material is obtained by sleeve-mounting at least one brazing material tube on the outside of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body and fastening the ends of the strip-shaped wear-resistant body and the brazing material tube with the metal mesh.

8. The method for preparing the solder according to claim 7, wherein: The preparation method of the solder tube comprises the following steps: The raw material of the solder tube is smelted into molten metal by adopting an inert gas protection smelting method, and an ingot is obtained by casting, and the solder tube is obtained by piercing and hot extrusion.

9. The method for preparing the solder according to claim 7, wherein: The solder tube comprises at least one silver solder tube, the solder flux is QJ102, the immersion temperature is 550-600° C., and the immersion time is 10-20 minutes.

10. Use of the brazing filler metal according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the integrated brazing of shield tools, oil drill bits or picks.

11. Use of the brazing filler metal prepared by the method for preparing the brazing filler metal according to any one of claims 7 to 9 in the integrated brazing of shield tools, oil drill bits or picks.

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