Separation method of heavy oil emulsion

Abstract

The invention provides a separation method of a heavy oil emulsion. The separation method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out heat treatment on the heavy oil emulsion; (2) carrying out first shearing and stretching treatment on the heavy oil emulsion subjected to heat treatment in the step (1) to obtain an emulsion film; (3) sequentially carrying out cleaning treatment and second shearing and stretching treatment on the emulsion film obtained in the step (2) to obtain the water content of 1t; 0.5 wt%, and the solid content is 1t; and 1 wt% of an oil sample. According to the separation method, the heavy oil emulsion is subjected to heat treatment, and then a rolling shaft type mixer is adopted to apply a stretching effect to separate a water phase and clay, so that the dehydration energy consumption is reduced while a high-quality oil sample is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy oil reservoir development, and in particular relates to a method for separating heavy oil emulsion. Background Art

[0002] During the cold or thermal recovery of heavy oil, water-in-oil emulsions are produced, especially when the crude oil viscosity is higher than 10,000 cP and the density is greater than 920 kg / m 3 When the oil is concentrated, the difficulty of separating high-quality oil samples that meet the experimental requirements increases significantly.

[0003] Whether it is to meet the experimental requirements or the ground pipeline transportation and refining requirements, the ground separation of oil and water phases is often indispensable. There are two main methods for separating heavy oil and water emulsions: chemical separation and physical separation. The chemical separation method mainly changes the interfacial properties of the emulsion system by adding a demulsifier, destroys the stable double-layer structure, and reduces the stability of the emulsion; for example, CN102433152A discloses a method for low-temperature demulsification of crude oil emulsions. When the temperature of the crude oil emulsion is reduced to 20°C to 30°C, an appropriate amount of demulsifier is added to the crude oil emulsion entering the sedimentation tank, and then a demulsifier of 5% to 15% of the total weight of the crude oil is added. After the crude oil emulsion is fully mixed with the demulsifier and the demulsifier, the demulsifier is allowed to settle for 2 to 5 hours to achieve oil-water separation of the crude oil emulsion; the demulsifier is a light low-viscosity oil composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons, cyclic hydrocarbons, or a mixed hydrocarbon composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons and cyclic hydrocarbons of C4 to C22. Physical separation methods include gravity separation systems, mechanical centrifugal separators, filtration systems, downhole separation systems, and sound-based (acoustic) systems. However, the pressure required for separation using gravity separation or centrifugal systems is very high, which means high energy and cost.

[0004] Most of these existing methods are effective, but they all have problems such as difficulty in manufacturing, high maintenance and operating costs to varying degrees. In addition, when heavy oil, extra heavy oil and oil sand bitumen are mined, most cannot separate the oil and water emulsions when the crude oil is highly viscous (greater than 10,000 cP) and the two phases have similar densities, especially when gravity separation or centrifugal systems are used for separation, the pressure required is very high, which means that higher energy and costs are required.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a low-cost, low-energy and easy method to separate oil-water emulsions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating heavy oil emulsions, wherein the separation method heat treats the heavy oil emulsion and then uses a roller mixer to apply a stretching action to separate the water phase and clay, thereby obtaining high-quality oil samples while reducing dehydration energy consumption.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion, the separation method comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) heat treating the heavy oil emulsion;

[0010] (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shear stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film;

[0011] (3) The emulsion film described in step (2) is sequentially subjected to a cleaning treatment and a second shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an oil sample with a water content of less than 0.5 wt% and a solid content of less than 1 wt%.

[0012] The present invention utilizes the viscoelastic properties of heavy oil emulsions, which behave as liquids at a certain deformation rate (when deforming slowly or flowing), and behave as stretchable elastic materials at other deformation rates (when deforming quickly); the separation method separates the water phase and clay by heating, repeatedly stretching and washing the emulsions to obtain high-quality oil samples.

[0013] The separation method of the present invention is easy to operate, does not require the addition of chemical agents, has a low heat treatment temperature and a short duration, and has low dehydration energy consumption. At the same time, it provides effective support for carrying out a series of PVT tests, modification and other mechanism experimental studies.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the viscosity of the heavy oil in step (1) is greater than 10000 cP.

[0015] Preferably, the density of the heavy oil in step (1) is > 920 kg / m 3 .

[0016] In the present invention, the heavy oil is an oil-in-water emulsion, in which the viscous oil phase is the continuous main phase. 3 The heavy oil effect is more significant.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the temperature of the heat treatment in step (1) is 60-80°C, for example, it can be 62°C, 64°C, 66°C, 68°C, 70°C, 72°C, 74°C, 76°C or 78°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0018] Preferably, the holding time of the heat treatment in step (1) is 22-26 h, for example, it can be 22.5 h, 23 h, 23.5 h, 24 h, 24.5 h, 25 h or 25.5 h, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is carried out using a roller mixer.

[0020] In the present invention, when the first shearing and stretching treatment is performed, the emulsion cannot be remixed during the stretching process to avoid further dispersion of water in the oil phase.

[0021] It is worth noting that the present invention uses a roller mixer to apply mechanical stretching to the emulsion, so that it is sheared and stretched into a relatively thin (millimeter level) film, releasing the small water droplets or bubbles trapped therein, which flow along the outer surface of the viscous oil under the action of gravity, gather into larger water droplets and flow back to the bottom container.

[0022] Preferably, the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 60-80°C, for example, it can be 62°C, 64°C, 66°C, 68°C, 70°C, 72°C, 74°C, 76°C or 78°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0023] Preferably, the stretching force of the first shear stretching treatment in step (2) is 100-200Nm, for example, it can be 110Nm, 120Nm, 130Nm, 140Nm, 150Nm, 160Nm, 170Nm, 180Nm or 190Nm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0024] Preferably, the deformation rate of the first shear stretching treatment in step (2) is 5%-10%, for example, it can be 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9% or 9.5%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0025] Preferably, the shear rate of the first shear stretching treatment in step (2) is 100-1000s -1 , for example, it can be 200s -1 , 300s -1 , 400s -1 , 500s -1 , 600s -1 , 700s -1 , 800s -1 or 900s -1 The above numerical range is not limited to the above numerical values, and other numerical values ​​not listed are also applicable.

[0026] Preferably, the time for the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 5-7 h, for example, it can be 5.2 h, 5.4 h, 5.6 h, 5.8 h, 6 h, 6.2 h, 6.4 h, 6.6 h or 6.8 h, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the emulsion film in step (2) is 1-3 mm, for example, it can be 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.6 mm or 2.8 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0028] It is worth noting that by adjusting the thickness of the emulsion film after the first shearing and stretching treatment, the bound water droplets in the emulsion are easier to gather into larger water droplets, and the clay particles are easier to remove.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cleaning liquid for the cleaning treatment in step (3) includes deionized water.

[0030] In the present invention, deionized water is used to clean the emulsion film until all clay particles are removed.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second shearing and stretching treatment in step (3) is carried out using a roller mixer.

[0032] Preferably, the temperature of the second shear stretching treatment in step (3) is 20-30°C, for example, it can be 21°C, 22°C, 23°C, 24°C, 25°C, 26°C, 27°C, 28°C or 29°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0033] In the present invention, the shear-stretching treatment is performed again at room temperature to remove excess water in the oil sample.

[0034] Preferably, the stretching force of the second shear stretching treatment in step (3) is 150-250Nm, for example, it can be 160Nm, 170Nm, 180Nm, 190Nm, 200Nm, 210Nm, 220Nm, 230Nm or 240Nm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the deformation rate of the second shear stretching treatment in step (3) is 10%-15%, not including 10%. For example, it can be 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14% or 14.5%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0036] Preferably, the shear rate of the second shear stretching treatment in step (3) is 100-1000s -1 , for example, it can be 200s -1 , 300s -1 , 400s -1 , 500s -1 , 600s -1 , 700s -1 , 800s -1 or 900s -1 The above numerical range is not limited to the above numerical values, and other numerical values ​​not listed are also applicable.

[0037] Preferably, the time for the second shearing and stretching treatment in step (3) is 3-5 h, for example, it can be 3.2 h, 3.4 h, 3.6 h, 3.8 h, 4 h, 4.2 h, 4.4 h, 4.6 h or 4.8 h, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0038] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step (3) further comprises after the second shearing and stretching treatment:

[0039] The water content in the oil sample is tested. If the water content is ≥ 0.5wt%, steps (2) to (3) are repeated until the water content in the oil sample is < 0.5wt% and the solid content is < 1wt%.

[0040] In the present invention, the water content in the obtained oil sample is less than 0.5wt%, for example, it can be 0.45wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.25wt%, 0.2wt% or 0.1wt%, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0041] In the present invention, the solid content in the obtained oil sample is <1wt%, for example, it can be 0.9wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.3wt% or 0.2wt%, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the above numerical range are also applicable.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the separation method comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) heat treating the heavy oil emulsion at 60-80° C. and keeping the temperature for 22-26 hours;

[0044] (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film with a thickness of 1 to 3 mm;

[0045] The first shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment is 60-80°C, the stretching force is 100-200Nm, the deformation rate is 5%-10%, and the shear rate is 100-1000s -1 , time is 5-7h;

[0046] (3) subjecting the emulsion film described in step (2) to a cleaning treatment and a second shear-stretching treatment in sequence to obtain an oil sample;

[0047] The second shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the second shearing and stretching treatment is 20-30°C, the stretching force is 150-250Nm, the deformation rate is 10%-15%, excluding 10%, and the shear rate is 100-1000s -1 , time is 3-5h;

[0048] (4) Testing the water content of the oil sample in step (3); if the water content is ≥ 0.5 wt%, repeating steps (2) to (3) until the water content of the oil sample is < 0.5 wt% and the solid content is < 1 wt%.

[0049] The numerical range described in the present invention not only includes the point values ​​listed above, but also includes any point values ​​between the above numerical ranges that are not listed. Due to space limitations and for the sake of simplicity, the present invention no longer exhaustively lists the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] (1) The separation method provided by the present invention utilizes the viscoelastic properties of heavy oil emulsions. By heating, stretching and washing the emulsions, the water phase and clay are separated to obtain a high-quality oil sample with a water content of <0.5wt% and a solid content of <1wt%;

[0052] (2) The separation method provided by the present invention is easy to operate, does not require the addition of chemical agents, has a low heat treatment temperature and a short duration, and has low dehydration energy consumption. At the same time, it provides effective support for carrying out a series of PVT tests, modification and other mechanism experimental studies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for separating a heavy oil emulsion using a roller mixer provided by the present invention;

[0054] Among them, 1-container, 2-heavy oil sample, 3-bound water droplets, 4-roller mixer, 5-separation of small water droplets, 6-aggregation of large water droplets, 7-separation of heavy oil emulsion, 8-separation of water layer, 9-drainage outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by specific implementation methods. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0056] The present invention provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion (such as Figure 1 The separation method comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) heat treating the heavy oil emulsion at 60-80° C. and keeping the temperature for 22-26 hours;

[0058] (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film with a thickness of 1 to 3 mm;

[0059] The first shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment is 60-80°C, the stretching force is 100-200Nm, the deformation rate is 5%-10%, and the shear rate is 100-1000s -1 , time is 5-7h;

[0060] (3) subjecting the emulsion film described in step (2) to a cleaning treatment and a second shear-stretching treatment in sequence to obtain an oil sample;

[0061] The second shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the second shearing and stretching treatment is 20-30°C, the stretching force is 150-250Nm, the deformation rate is 10%-15%, excluding 10%, and the shear rate is 100-1000s -1 , time is 3-5h;

[0062] (4) Testing the water content of the oil sample in step (3); if the water content is ≥ 0.5 wt%, repeating steps (2) to (3) until the water content of the oil sample is < 0.5 wt% and the solid content is < 1 wt%.

[0063] The heavy oil emulsion used in the following examples and comparative examples is an asphalt emulsion produced by the Canadian oil sand SAGD project, wherein the asphalt has a viscosity of more than 500,000 cP and a density of 1013 kg / m 3 .

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion, the separation method comprising the following steps:

[0066] (1) using a heating belt to heat the heavy oil emulsion at 70° C. and keep the temperature for 24 h;

[0067] (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film with a thickness of 2 mm;

[0068] The first shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment is 70°C, the stretching force is 150Nm, the deformation rate is 7%, and the shear rate is 500s -1 , time is 6h;

[0069] (3) washing the emulsion film described in step (2) with deionized water until all clay particles are removed, and then performing a second shear-stretching treatment to obtain an oil sample;

[0070] The second shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the second shearing and stretching treatment is 25°C, the stretching force is 200Nm, the deformation rate is 12%, and the shear rate is 500s -1 , time is 4h;

[0071] (4) Testing the water content of the oil sample in step (3); if the water content is ≥ 0.5 wt%, repeating steps (2) to (3) until the water content of the oil sample is < 0.5 wt% and the solid content is < 1 wt%.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion, the separation method comprising the following steps:

[0074] (1) using a heating belt to heat the heavy oil emulsion at 60° C. and keep the temperature for 26 h;

[0075] (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film with a thickness of 1.2 mm;

[0076] The first shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment is 60°C, the stretching force is 105Nm, the deformation rate is 5%, and the shear rate is 150s -1 , time is 7h;

[0077] (3) washing the emulsion film described in step (2) with deionized water until all clay particles are removed, and then performing a second shear-stretching treatment to obtain an oil sample;

[0078] The second shearing and stretching treatment is carried out using a roller mixer; the temperature of the second shearing and stretching treatment is 25°C, the stretching force is 160Nm, the deformation rate is 11%, and the shear rate is 150s -1 , time is 5h;

[0079] (4) Testing the water content of the oil sample in step (3); if the water content is ≥ 0.5 wt%, repeating steps (2) to (3) until the water content of the oil sample is < 0.5 wt% and the solid content is < 1 wt%.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion, the separation method comprising the following steps:

[0082] (1) using a heating belt to heat the heavy oil emulsion at 80° C. and keep the temperature for 22 h;

[0083] (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film with a thickness of 3 mm;

[0084] The first shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment is 80°C, the stretching force is 190Nm, the deformation rate is 9%, and the shear rate is 500s -1 , time is 5h;

[0085] (3) washing the emulsion film described in step (2) with deionized water until all clay particles are removed, and then performing a second shear-stretching treatment to obtain an oil sample;

[0086] The second shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the second shearing and stretching treatment is 25°C, the stretching force is 250Nm, the deformation rate is 14%, and the shear rate is 500s -1 , time is 3h;

[0087] (4) Testing the water content of the oil sample in step (3); if the water content is ≥ 0.5 wt%, repeating steps (2) to (3) until the water content of the oil sample is < 0.5 wt% and the solid content is < 1 wt%.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 40° C., other conditions are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0090] Example 5

[0091] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 100° C., other conditions are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0092] Example 6

[0093] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the deformation rate of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 2%, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0094] Example 7

[0095] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the deformation rate of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 15%, other conditions are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0096] Example 8

[0097] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the thickness of the emulsion film in step (2) is 0.5 mm, other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0098] Example 9

[0099] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the thickness of the emulsion film in step (2) is 5 mm, other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0100] Example 10

[0101] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the deformation rate of the second shear stretching treatment in step (2) is 7%, other conditions are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0102] Embodiment 11

[0103] This embodiment provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that the deformation rate of the second shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 20%, other conditions are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] This comparative example provides a method for separating a heavy oil emulsion. Except that step (1) is not performed, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0106] The oil samples obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were tested for water content and solid content. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0107] Table 1

[0108] Water content of oil sample (wt%) Solid content of oil sample (wt%) Example 1 0.43 0.76 Example 2 0.39 0.71 Example 3 0.46 0.80 Example 4 0.57 1.83 Example 5 0.51 1.14 Example 6 1.45 1.79 Example 7 0.85 1.20 Example 8 0.52 1.15 Example 9 1.49 1.98 Example 10 1.46 1.81 Embodiment 11 0.89 1.28 Comparative Example 1 5.0 3.0

[0109] From Table 1, we can conclude that:

[0110] (1) Using the separation method provided in Examples 1-3 of the present invention, the heavy oil emulsion is subjected to heat treatment and a roller mixer is used to apply a stretching action to separate the water phase and the clay, thereby obtaining a high-quality oil sample with a water content of <0.5 wt% and a solid content of <1 wt%;

[0111] (2) It can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Examples 4-5 that if the temperature of the first shear-stretching treatment is too low, the viscosity of the emulsion is too high, and it is difficult to flow and shear, so that the water content and solid content in the oil sample increase; if the temperature of the first shear-stretching treatment is too high, more heat needs to be consumed, and the effect of further viscosity reduction after exceeding the inflection point of the viscosity-temperature curve is limited, so that the water content and solid content in the oil sample cannot be significantly reduced;

[0112] (3) By comparing Example 1 with Examples 6-7 and Examples 10-11, it can be seen that if the deformation rate of the first shearing and stretching treatment or the second shearing and stretching treatment is too small, the heavy oil behaves as a liquid, making it more difficult to dehydrate the oil sample, and the water content and solid content both increase; if the deformation rate of the first shearing and stretching treatment or the second shearing and stretching treatment is too large, the water content and solid content of the obtained oil sample do not decrease, but increase instead;

[0113] (4) From the comparison between Example 1 and Examples 8-9, it can be seen that if the thickness of the emulsion film is too thin, the water content and solid content in the oil sample have limited room for reduction; if the thickness of the emulsion film is too thick, water and solid particles are easily bound in the emulsion, causing the water content and solid content in the oil sample to increase significantly;

[0114] (5) By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that if the heavy oil emulsion is not heat-treated, shearing and stretching are difficult, and effective dehydration and desolidification cannot be achieved, so that the water content and solid content in the oil sample are maintained at a high level, and an effective oil sample cannot be obtained.

[0115] The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0116] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0117] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0118] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for separating a heavy oil emulsion, characterized in that: The separation method comprises the following steps: (1) heat treating the heavy oil emulsion; (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shear stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film; (3) The emulsion film described in step (2) is sequentially subjected to a cleaning treatment and a second shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an oil sample with a water content of less than 0.5 wt% and a solid content of less than 1 wt%.

2. The separation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The viscosity of the heavy oil in step (1) is greater than 10000 cP; Preferably, the density of the heavy oil in step (1) is > 920 kg / m 3 .

3. The separation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The temperature of the heat treatment in step (1) is 60-80°C; Preferably, the holding time of the heat treatment in step (1) is 22-26 hours.

4. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Step (2) the first shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; Preferably, the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 60-80°C; Preferably, the stretching force of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 100-200 Nm; Preferably, the deformation rate of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 5%-10%; Preferably, the shear rate of the first shear stretching treatment in step (2) is 100-1000s -1 ; Preferably, the time of the first shearing and stretching treatment in step (2) is 5-7 hours.

5. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the emulsion film in step (2) is 1-3 mm.

6. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The cleaning solution of the cleaning treatment in step (3) includes deionized water.

7. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Step (3) the second shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; Preferably, the temperature of the second shearing and stretching treatment in step (3) is 20-30°C; Preferably, the stretching force of the second shear stretching treatment in step (3) is 150-250 Nm.

8. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Step (3) the deformation rate of the second shearing and stretching treatment is 10%-15%, excluding 10%; Preferably, the shear rate of the second shear stretching treatment in step (3) is 100-1000s -1 ; Preferably, the time for the second shearing and stretching treatment in step (3) is 3-5 hours.

9. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that Step (3) after the second shearing and stretching treatment, further comprises: The water content in the oil sample is tested. If the water content is ≥ 0.5wt%, steps (2) to (3) are repeated until the water content in the oil sample is < 0.5wt% and the solid content is < 1wt%.

10. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The separation method comprises the following steps: (1) heat treating the heavy oil emulsion at 60-80° C. and keeping the temperature for 22-26 hours; (2) subjecting the heavy oil emulsion after the heat treatment in step (1) to a first shearing and stretching treatment to obtain an emulsion film with a thickness of 1 to 3 mm; The first shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the first shearing and stretching treatment is 60-80°C, the stretching force is 100-200Nm, the deformation rate is 5%-10%, and the shear rate is 100-1000s -1 , time is 5-7h; (3) subjecting the emulsion film described in step (2) to a cleaning treatment and a second shear-stretching treatment in sequence to obtain an oil sample; The second shearing and stretching treatment is performed using a roller mixer; the temperature of the second shearing and stretching treatment is 20-30°C, the stretching force is 150-250Nm, the deformation rate is 10%-15%, excluding 10%, and the shear rate is 100-1000s -1 , time is 3-5h; (4) Testing the water content of the oil sample in step (3); if the water content is ≥ 0.5 wt%, repeating steps (2) to (3) until the water content of the oil sample is < 0.5 wt% and the solid content is < 1 wt%.

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