Self-resetting anti-drawing support and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-resetting anti-drawing support and a use method thereof. The self-resetting anti-drawing support comprises an anti-drawing unit and a self-resetting unit, the anti-drawing unit is connected with the bottom end of a bridge and the upper end of a pier through an upper anchor bolt assembly and a lower anchor bolt assembly. The self-resetting unit is detachably arranged in the anti-drawing unit; through the anti-drawing structures in the anti-drawing units, vertical loads are effectively transmitted, and when a bridge is subjected to transverse force or torsional force, the stability and reliability of the support are kept, and the support is prevented from moving or falling off; besides, a plurality of friction pair structures are arranged between the anti-drawing structures, so that vibration and impact energy of the bridge under the action of dynamic loads are effectively absorbed and dispersed, normal functions of the anti-drawing structures are ensured, and meanwhile, abrasion and fatigue risks are reduced; in addition, through the self-resetting unit, the support has the self-resetting function in the transverse direction of the bridge, the anti-seismic and anti-drawing performance of the bridge is further improved, and the service life of the bridge is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge bearings, and more specifically, relates to a self-resetting anti-pullout bearing and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pull-out bearings are a type of connector commonly used in the field of bridges. Their spherical structure can adapt to the rotation and displacement of bridges under various complex stress conditions to improve the safety and stability of bridges when subjected to horizontal or vertical external forces. Their main function is to provide effective support and resistance when the structure is subjected to tension or pull-out force (i.e., upward force perpendicular to the ground), ensuring that the structure will not be displaced or damaged, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the bridge. In addition, for some specific application scenarios, such as bridges in earthquake-prone areas or across complex terrain, pull-out bearings are one of the indispensable key components. They can effectively absorb and disperse the impact energy brought by seismic waves and reduce the impact on the main structure.

[0003] In the prior art, the Chinese patent with the document number CN109112957B discloses a bidirectional sliding anti-pulling ball bridge bearing, which includes a bearing top plate, a ball cap lining plate, a middle bracket and a lower bearing plate that are slidably connected and matched from top to bottom, and an anti-pulling piece is added between the bearing top plate and the middle bracket, the upper end of the anti-pulling piece is slidably connected with the bearing top plate plane, and a certain gap is reserved between the anti-pulling piece and the rectangular stopper I of the bearing top plate, the lower end of the anti-pulling piece is rotatably connected with the upper end of the middle bracket, and the lower end of the middle bracket is slidably connected with the lower bearing plate plane, and a certain gap is reserved between the middle bracket and the rectangular stopper II of the lower bearing plate. The Chinese patent with the document number CN213328648U discloses an anti-pulling bridge bearing, which is particularly suitable for the improvement of the anti-pulling technology of the friction pendulum bridge bearing. It includes a support body composed of an upper support plate and a lower support plate. A plurality of anti-pullout screws are arranged between the upper support plate and the lower support plate. The screws are arranged around the support body. The upper support plate and the lower support plate have through holes and screw holes corresponding to the positions. The screws pass through the through holes and their ends are tightened with the screw holes. There is an annular gap between the screws and the through holes, allowing the upper support plate and the lower support plate to move relative to each other.

[0004] The bridge bearing of the above-mentioned patent has good pull-out resistance and improved seismic performance through multi-directional sliding between structures. However, it still cannot solve some problems existing in the pull-out resistance bearing in the prior art, such as: (1) when the structure of the existing pull-out resistance bearing undergoes relative displacement under the action of horizontal load, it can only consume a small part of the energy through the friction of the wear-resistant plate, and may not be able to effectively absorb and dissipate the high impact energy brought by the seismic wave, thereby resulting in insufficient pull-out resistance of the bearing; (2) after the structure of the existing pull-out resistance bearing undergoes relative displacement under the action of horizontal load, it is difficult to quickly return to the initial position, which is not conducive to the rapid recovery function of the bearing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-resetting anti-pull-out bearing and a method of using the same. The anti-pull-out structure in the anti-pull-out unit can effectively transmit vertical loads, and when the bridge is subjected to lateral force or torsional force, the stability and reliability of the bearing can be maintained to prevent the bearing from being displaced or falling off, and the vibration and deformation of the bridge under dynamic conditions can be reduced, thereby ensuring the overall safety and durability of the bridge. In addition, by providing a plurality of friction pair structures between the anti-pull-out structures, the vibration and impact energy of the bridge under dynamic loads can be effectively absorbed and dispersed, thereby ensuring the normal function of the anti-pull-out structure, while reducing the risk of wear and fatigue and extending the service life of the bearing. In addition, the self-resetting unit can enable the bearing to have a self-resetting function in the transverse direction of the bridge, thereby further improving the seismic resistance and anti-pull-out performance of the bridge and extending the service life of the bridge.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a self-resetting anti-pullout support on one hand, comprising: an anti-pullout unit and a self-resetting unit, wherein:

[0007] The anti-pullout unit comprises: an upper bearing plate assembly, a lower bearing plate assembly, a double ball cap lining plate assembly and a friction pair assembly; the upper bearing plate assembly is connected to the bottom end of the bridge through an upper anchor bolt assembly; the lower bearing plate assembly is connected to the upper end of the pier through a lower anchor bolt assembly; the double ball cap lining plate assembly is embedded between the upper bearing plate assembly and the lower bearing plate assembly; the friction pair assembly is respectively arranged inside the double ball cap lining plate assembly, and between the upper bearing plate assembly, the double ball cap lining plate assembly and the lower bearing plate assembly;

[0008] The self-resetting unit is used to improve the reset capability of the support, and comprises: a guide shaft and a disc spring assembly; the two ends of the guide shaft are respectively connected to the lower support plate assembly and the double ball cap lining assembly; the disc spring assembly is sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft between the lower support plate assembly and the double ball cap lining assembly;

[0009] The pull-out resistant structure composed of the upper bearing plate assembly, the lower bearing plate assembly and the double ball crown lining assembly transmits vertical loads and maintains the stability and reliability of the bearing when the bridge is subjected to lateral force or torsional force. At the same time, the vibration and impact energy of the bridge under dynamic loads is absorbed and dispersed by the friction pair assembly, thereby reducing the wear and fatigue risks of the pull-out resistant structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper support plate assembly includes: an upper support plate and an upper plate; the upper support plate is connected to the bottom end of the bridge through the upper anchor bolt assembly, and two first blocks are symmetrically provided at its bottom end; the two upper plates are respectively detachably connected to the two first blocks and are provided at the bottom ends of the first blocks, and they and the upper support plate form a T-shaped groove structure along the direction of the bridge.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower support plate assembly includes: a lower support plate and a lower plate; the lower support plate is connected to the upper end of the pier through the lower anchor bolt assembly, and two second blocks and two third blocks are symmetrically provided on its upper end; the two lower plates are respectively detachably connected to the two second blocks and are arranged at the upper ends of the second blocks, and they and the lower support plate form a T-slot structure in the transverse direction of the bridge.

[0012] Furthermore, the double ball crown lining assembly includes: an intermediate plate, a ball seat plate, an upper ball crown lining, a lower ball crown lining and a tensile shaft; a threaded through hole is provided in the middle of the intermediate plate, which includes a first substrate and an annular component, the first substrate is in sliding contact with the bottom end of the lower support plate, the two first stopper sides and the two upper ends of the upper plate through the friction pair assembly, and the annular component is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the first substrate; the ball seat plate includes a second substrate, a ball crown seat and a fourth stopper, the second substrate is in sliding contact with the upper end of the lower support plate, the two second stopper sides and the two bottom ends of the lower plates through the friction pair assembly, the ball crown seat is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the second substrate and its outer side The second end of the spherical crown is provided with a plurality of fourth stoppers, the plurality of fourth stoppers are ...

[0013] Furthermore, the friction pair assembly includes: a first friction pair, a second friction pair, a third friction pair, a fourth friction pair, a fifth friction pair, a sixth friction pair, a seventh friction pair, an eighth friction pair, a ninth friction pair and a tenth friction pair; the first friction pair includes a first stainless steel plate arranged on the bottom surface of the upper support plate, and a first wear-resistant strip arranged in a groove on the upper end of the first substrate; the second friction pair includes a second stainless steel plate respectively arranged on the inner surfaces of the two first stoppers, and a second wear-resistant strip respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of both sides of the first substrate; the third friction pair includes a third stainless steel plate respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces of the two upper plates, and a third wear-resistant strip respectively arranged on the bottom surface of the first substrate; the fourth friction pair includes a fourth stainless steel plate arranged on the bottom surface of the first substrate, and a fourth wear-resistant strip arranged in a groove on the upper end surface of the upper spherical cap lining plate; the fifth friction pair includes a A fifth wear-resistant strip grooved on the upper end surface of the spherical crown seat, and the bottom end surface of the upper spherical crown lining corresponding to the fifth wear-resistant strip; the sixth friction pair includes a sixth wear-resistant strip grooved on the bottom end surface of the spherical crown seat, and the upper end surface of the lower spherical crown lining corresponding to the sixth wear-resistant strip; the seventh friction pair includes a seventh wear-resistant strip grooved on the bottom end surface of the lower spherical crown lining, and the upper end surface of the tensile shaft end cover corresponding to the seventh wear-resistant strip; the eighth friction pair includes an eighth wear-resistant strip grooved on the bottom end surface of the second substrate, and a fifth stainless steel plate provided on the upper end surface of the lower support plate; the ninth friction pair includes a sixth stainless steel plate provided on the bottom end surface of the lower plate, and a ninth wear-resistant strip provided on the upper end surface of the second substrate; the tenth friction pair includes a seventh stainless steel plate provided on the inner surface of the two second stop blocks, and a tenth wear-resistant strip provided on the outer surfaces of both sides of the second substrate.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of arc grooves are provided on the upper end surface of the first wear-resistant strip, the upper end surface of the fourth wear-resistant strip and the bottom end surface of the eighth wear-resistant strip.

[0015] Further, one end of the guide shaft is inserted into the fourth stopper and is detachably connected to the fourth stopper through a fastening bolt, and the other end thereof passes through the third stopper on the same side and is slidably connected to the third stopper; the disc spring assembly is sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft between the third stopper and the fourth stopper;

[0016] The guide shafts and the disc spring groups are the same in number and are symmetrically arranged in groups. At the same time, the number is an even number and is at least four.

[0017] Furthermore, the length of the guide shaft is such that when the sliding limit between the double-spherical cap liner assembly and the lower support plate is reached, the guide shaft remains in sliding connection with the third stopper.

[0018] Furthermore, the guide shaft passes through the end of the third stopper and is provided with a pin shaft whose length is greater than the outer diameter of the guide shaft, so that when the sliding limit between the double ball crown liner assembly and the lower support plate is reached, the guide shaft remains in sliding connection with the third stopper.

[0019] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a self-resetting anti-pullout support, which is implemented by using the self-resetting anti-pullout support as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1: Cast the bridge piers, lay out the lines and reserve the installation position of the self-resetting anti-pullout bearing;

[0021] S2: adjusting the sizes of the stainless steel plates and wear-resistant strips, guide shafts and disc spring groups in the friction pair assembly according to the shock absorption requirements and assembling the self-resetting anti-pullout support;

[0022] S3: Connect the lower bearing plate to the bridge pier through the lower anchor bolt assembly and pour concrete;

[0023] S4: Connect the upper bearing plate to the bottom of the bridge through the upper anchor assembly and control the flatness of the upper surface of the upper bearing plate and the bottom of the bridge to ensure that the self-resetting anti-pullout bearing is level;

[0024] S5: During use, each disc spring assembly is regularly inspected, and the guide shaft is disassembled by unscrewing the fastening bolts for maintenance and repair.

[0025] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] 1. The self-resetting anti-pull-out bearing of the present invention effectively transmits vertical loads through the anti-pull-out structure in the anti-pull-out unit, and maintains the stability and reliability of the bearing when the bridge is subjected to lateral force or torsional force, prevents the bearing from being displaced or falling off, and reduces the vibration and deformation of the bridge under dynamic conditions, thereby ensuring the overall safety and durability of the bridge; in addition, by arranging a plurality of friction pair structures between the anti-pull-out structures, the vibration and impact energy of the bridge under dynamic loads are effectively absorbed and dispersed, ensuring the normal function of the anti-pull-out structure, while reducing the risk of wear and fatigue and extending the service life of the bearing; in addition, the self-resetting unit enables the bearing to have a self-resetting function in the transverse direction of the bridge, further improving the seismic resistance and anti-pull-out performance of the bridge and extending the service life of the bridge.

[0027] 2. The self-resetting anti-pull-out bearing of the present invention embeds the double spherical crown lining assembly between the upper bearing plate assembly and the lower bearing plate assembly so that when subjected to forces in different directions, the double spherical crown lining assembly can slide between the upper bearing plate assembly and the lower bearing plate assembly, and the two spherical crown liners inside it can rotate freely, thereby adapting to the deformation requirements of the bridge under various working conditions; in addition, by respectively arranging the friction pair assembly inside the double spherical crown lining assembly and between the upper bearing plate assembly, the double spherical crown lining assembly and the lower bearing plate assembly, the friction between the moving parts can be reduced, the sliding performance of the bearing can be improved, and the vibration energy can be effectively absorbed and dispersed, thereby reducing the impact and wear of the bridge under dynamic loads.

[0028] 3. The self-resetting anti-pullout bearing of the present invention effectively reduces direct contact and wear between parts by arranging a friction pair structure between parts with relative motion, thereby extending the service life of parts and reducing maintenance costs; secondly, through the gap at the friction pair structure, the jamming phenomenon caused by factors such as thermal expansion and contraction, manufacturing errors or installation deviations can be effectively eliminated, thereby improving the operating accuracy and reliability of the entire system; in addition, the combined design of the friction pair structure and the reserved gap can effectively absorb and disperse vibration energy, reduce the impact of vibration on the bridge, and improve the overall seismic performance of the bridge.

[0029] 4. The self-resetting anti-pull-out bearing of the present invention converts the sliding between the double-ball crown liner assembly and the lower bearing plate assembly into elastic sliding through a plurality of relatively arranged self-resetting units, so that the double-ball crown liner assembly has a self-resetting function and can quickly return to the initial position after energy consumption during movement, thereby effectively improving the shock absorbing effect and durability of the bearing; at the same time, the fourth stop block and the guide shaft can be detachably connected by bolt connection, so as to facilitate the replacement of the disc spring group, which helps to supervise the difficulty of maintenance and overhaul. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a self-resetting anti-pullout support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A 1 / 4 cross-sectional view of a self-resetting anti-pullout support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a self-resetting anti-pulling support in the transverse direction of the bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a self-resetting anti-pullout support along the bridge direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a method for using a self-resetting anti-pullout support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically: 1-upper anchor assembly, 2-lower anchor assembly, 3-upper support plate assembly, 31-upper support plate, 311-first stopper, 32-upper plate, 4-lower support plate assembly, 41-lower support plate, 411-second stopper, 412-third stopper, 42-lower plate, 5-double ball crown liner assembly, 51-middle plate, 511-first base plate, 512-ring member, 52-ball seat plate, 521-third Second base plate, 522-spherical crown seat, 523-fourth stopper, 53-upper spherical crown lining, 54-lower spherical crown lining, 55-tensile shaft, 6-friction pair assembly, 601-first friction pair, 602-second friction pair, 603-third friction pair, 604-fourth friction pair, 605-fifth friction pair, 606-sixth friction pair, 607-seventh friction pair, 608-eighth friction pair, 609-ninth friction pair, 610-tenth friction pair, 7-guide shaft, 8-disc spring group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-resetting anti-pullout bearing, including: an anti-pullout unit and a self-resetting unit; the anti-pullout unit is connected to the bottom end of the bridge and the upper end of the pier through an upper anchor assembly 1 and a lower anchor assembly 2 respectively; the self-resetting unit is detachably arranged in the anti-pullout unit. During use, the anti-pullout structure in the anti-pullout unit effectively transmits the vertical load, and when the bridge is subjected to lateral force or torsional force, the stability and reliability of the bearing are maintained, the bearing is prevented from displacement or falling off, and the vibration and deformation of the bridge under dynamic conditions are reduced, thereby ensuring the overall safety and durability of the bridge; in addition, by setting a plurality of friction pair structures between the anti-pullout structures, the vibration and impact energy of the bridge under the action of dynamic loads are effectively absorbed and dispersed, ensuring the normal function of the anti-pullout structure, while reducing the risk of wear and fatigue and extending the service life of the bearing; in addition, the self-resetting unit enables the bearing to have a self-resetting function in the transverse direction of the bridge, further improving the seismic resistance and anti-pullout performance of the bridge, and extending the service life of the bridge.

[0038] Specifically, Figures 1 to 4As shown, the anti-pullout unit is connected to the bottom of the bridge and the top of the pier through the upper anchor assembly 1 and the lower anchor assembly 2, respectively, to effectively resist vertical tension and ensure the stability and safety of the bridge structure when subjected to loads such as earthquakes and strong winds. The anti-pullout unit includes: an upper bearing plate assembly 3, a lower bearing plate assembly 4, a double ball cap lining plate assembly 5 and a friction pair assembly 6; the upper bearing plate assembly 3 is connected to the bottom of the bridge through the upper anchor assembly 1; the lower bearing plate assembly 4 is connected to the top of the pier through the lower anchor assembly 2; the double ball cap lining plate assembly 5 is embedded between the upper bearing plate assembly 3 and the lower bearing plate assembly 4; the friction pair assembly 6 is respectively arranged inside the double ball cap lining plate assembly 5, and between the upper bearing plate assembly 3, the double ball cap lining plate assembly 5 and the lower bearing plate assembly 4. During use, the upper bearing plate assembly 3 and the lower bearing plate assembly 4 are connected to the upper anchor bolt assembly 1 and the lower anchor bolt assembly 2 respectively to ensure the position stability of the anti-pullout bearing; secondly, the double spherical crown lining assembly 5 is embedded between the upper bearing plate assembly 3 and the lower bearing plate assembly 4, so that when subjected to forces in different directions, the double spherical crown lining assembly 5 can slide between the upper bearing plate assembly 3 and the lower bearing plate assembly 4, and the two spherical crown liners inside it can rotate freely, thereby adapting to the deformation requirements of the bridge under various working conditions; in addition, by respectively arranging the friction pair assembly 6 inside the double spherical crown lining assembly 5, and between the upper bearing plate assembly 3, the double spherical crown lining assembly 5 and the lower bearing plate assembly 4, the friction between the moving parts can be reduced, the sliding performance of the bearing can be improved, and the vibration energy can be effectively absorbed and dispersed, thereby reducing the impact and wear of the bridge under dynamic loads.

[0039] Furthermore, the upper support plate assembly 3 includes: an upper support plate 31 and an upper plate 32; the upper support plate 31 is connected to the bottom end of the bridge through the upper anchor assembly 1, and two first blocks 311 are symmetrically provided at its bottom end; the two upper plates 32 are respectively detachably connected to the two first blocks 311 and are arranged at the bottom ends of the first blocks 311, and they and the upper support plate 31 form a T-slot structure along the direction of the bridge, which is used to conveniently connect other components, play an anti-pullout role and achieve load dispersion and transfer, and also help to simplify the installation and maintenance process.

[0040] Furthermore, the lower support plate assembly 4 includes: a lower support plate 41 and a lower plate 42; the lower support plate 41 is connected to the upper end of the pier through the lower anchor assembly 2, and two second blocks 411 and two third blocks 412 are symmetrically provided on its upper end; the two lower plates 42 are respectively detachably connected to the two second blocks 411 and are arranged on the upper ends of the second blocks 411, and they and the lower support plate 41 form a T-slot structure in the transverse direction of the bridge, which is used to conveniently connect other components, play an anti-pullout role and realize load dispersion and transfer, and also help to simplify the installation and maintenance process.

[0041] Furthermore, the double ball crown lining assembly 5 includes: an intermediate plate 51, a ball seat plate 52, an upper ball crown lining plate 53, a lower ball crown lining plate 54 and a tensile shaft 55; a threaded through hole is provided in the middle of the intermediate plate 51, which includes a first substrate 511 and an annular member 512, the first substrate 511 is in sliding contact with the bottom end of the lower support plate 41, the two side surfaces of the first stop blocks 311 and the two upper ends of the upper plates 32 through the friction pair assembly 6, and the annular member 512 is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the first substrate 511; the ball seat plate 52 includes a second substrate 521, a ball crown seat 522 and a fourth stop block 523, the second substrate 521 is in sliding contact with the upper end of the lower support plate 41, the two side surfaces of the second stop blocks and the two bottom ends of the lower plates 42 through the friction pair assembly 6, and the ball crown seat 522 is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the second substrate 521 The second end of the second base plate 521 is symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the second base plate 521 and is parallel to the third end block 412; the upper spherical crown lining plate 53 is arranged at the middle of the matching groove at the upper end of the spherical crown seat 522, and is respectively in rotational contact with the bottom end of the first base plate 511 and the upper end of the spherical crown seat 522 through the friction pair component 6; the lower spherical crown lining plate 54 is arranged at the middle of the matching groove at the bottom end of the spherical crown seat 522 through the through hole matched with the tensile shaft 55 and the second base plate 521, and is respectively in rotational contact with the bottom end of the spherical crown seat 522 and the upper end of the shaft end cover of the tensile shaft 55 through the friction pair component 6; the shaft rod of the tensile shaft 55 passes through the lower spherical crown lining plate 54, the spherical crown seat 522 and the upper spherical crown lining plate 53 in sequence, and is connected to the intermediate plate 51 by threads. During use, the intermediate plate 51, the ball seat plate 52 and the tensile shaft 55 ensure that when the bearing is subjected to upward pulling force, the pulling force can be effectively transmitted to the lower structure to prevent the bearing from being pulled out, thereby significantly enhancing the bearing's anti-pullout ability; secondly, each component is in sliding or rotational contact through or without the friction pair assembly 6, so that the bearing can adapt to changes in the horizontal, vertical and torsional directions of the bridge, effectively enhancing the bearing's multi-directional displacement adaptability and ensuring the bearing's flexibility under dynamic conditions; in addition, the double ball crown liner assembly 5 has a compact structure and is easy to disassemble and assemble, effectively improving construction efficiency and maintenance difficulty.

[0042] Preferably, the thickness of the first substrate 511 is less than the thickness of the first stop block 311, the width of the first substrate 511 in the transverse direction is less than the distance between the two first stop blocks 311, the thickness of the second substrate 521 is less than the thickness of the second stop block 411, and the width of the second substrate 521 in the longitudinal direction is less than the distance between the two second stop blocks 411, so as to ensure that the double-ball crown liner assembly 5 is stably clamped between the upper support plate assembly 3 and the lower support plate assembly 4, and ensure the stability of the pull-out resistance of the support.

[0043] It can be understood that the outer surface of the spherical crown seat 522 corresponding to the annular member 512 is in rotational contact with the inner surface of the annular member 512 and forms a friction pair, so that the bearing can further adapt to changes in the torsional direction of the bridge.

[0044] It should be noted that, by using bolts or screws to set the upper plate 32 at the bottom end of the first stop block 311 instead of the side, and by setting the lower plate 42 at the bottom end of the second stop block 411 instead of the side, it is possible to stably clamp the double-spherical crown lining assembly 5, thereby avoiding uneven force on the first stop block 311 or the second stop block 411 due to excessive length, thereby reducing the risk of its breakage and ensuring the stability of the structure and tensile strength of the bearing; at the same time, by designing the T-slot structure in the longitudinal direction of the bridge of the upper bearing plate assembly 3 and the T-slot structure in the transverse direction of the bridge of the lower bearing plate assembly 4, the double-spherical crown lining assembly 5 can be clamped, which can further improve the tensile strength of the bearing and ensure the safety of the bridge.

[0045] Furthermore, the friction pair assembly 6 includes: a first friction pair 601, a second friction pair 602, a third friction pair 603, a fourth friction pair 604, a fifth friction pair 605, a sixth friction pair 606, a seventh friction pair 607, an eighth friction pair 608, a ninth friction pair 609 and a tenth friction pair 610; the first friction pair 601 includes a first stainless steel plate provided on the bottom surface of the upper support plate 31, and a first wear-resistant strip provided on the upper end of the first base plate 511; the second friction pair 602 includes a first stainless steel plate provided on the bottom surface of the upper support plate 31, and a first wear-resistant strip provided on the upper end of the first base plate 511; The second stainless steel plate on the inner surface of the two first stoppers 311, and the second wear-resistant strips are respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of both sides of the first substrate 511; the third friction pair 603 includes a third stainless steel plate respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces of the two upper plates 32, and a third wear-resistant strip respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the first substrate 511; the fourth friction pair 604 includes a fourth stainless steel plate arranged on the bottom end surface of the first substrate 511, and a fourth wear-resistant strip grooved on the upper end surface of the upper spherical cap lining plate 53; the fifth ... The friction pair 605 includes a fifth wear-resistant strip grooved on the upper end surface of the spherical crown seat 522, and the bottom end surface of the upper spherical crown lining plate 53 corresponding to the fifth wear-resistant strip; the sixth friction pair 606 includes a sixth wear-resistant strip grooved on the bottom end surface of the spherical crown seat 522, and the upper end surface of the lower spherical crown lining plate 54 corresponding to the sixth wear-resistant strip; the seventh friction pair 607 includes a seventh wear-resistant strip grooved on the bottom end surface of the lower spherical crown lining plate 54, and the upper end surface of the shaft end cover of the tensile shaft 55 corresponding to the seventh wear-resistant strip. The eighth friction pair 608 includes an eighth wear-resistant strip grooved on the bottom surface of the second substrate 521 and a fifth stainless steel plate on the upper surface of the lower support plate 41; the ninth friction pair 609 includes a sixth stainless steel plate on the bottom surface of the lower plate 42 and a ninth wear-resistant strip on the upper surface of the second substrate 521; the tenth friction pair 610 includes a seventh stainless steel plate on the inner surface of the two second stoppers 411 and a tenth wear-resistant strip on the outer surfaces of both sides of the second substrate 521. During use, by arranging the friction pair structure between the parts with relative motion, the direct contact and wear between the parts are effectively reduced, the service life of the parts is extended, and the maintenance cost is reduced; secondly, by the gap at the friction pair structure, the jamming phenomenon caused by factors such as thermal expansion and contraction, manufacturing error or installation deviation can be effectively eliminated, thereby improving the operation accuracy and reliability of the entire system; in addition, the combined design of the friction pair structure and the reserved gap can effectively absorb and disperse the vibration energy, reduce the impact of vibration on the bridge, and improve the overall seismic performance of the bridge.

[0046] Preferably, the aforementioned multiple wear-resistant strips are all self-lubricating composite wear-resistant strips mainly composed of tin bronze, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber and epoxy resin, which are used to improve the stability and service life of the friction pair structure.

[0047] Preferably, the upper end surface of the first wear-resistant strip, the upper end surface of the fourth wear-resistant strip and the bottom end surface of the eighth wear-resistant strip are provided with a plurality of arc grooves, which are used to increase the actual contact area between the first wear-resistant strip and the first stainless steel plate, the fourth wear-resistant strip and the fourth stainless steel plate, and the eighth wear-resistant strip and the fifth stainless steel plate, respectively, to improve the friction force of the friction pair, make the friction force distribution more uniform, and reduce local excessive stress concentration. At the same time, the arc groove can store lubricants, such as grease or self-lubricating materials, to ensure that the friction pair remains in a good lubrication state under long-term operation or extreme working conditions.

[0048] Specifically, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the self-reset unit is detachably arranged in the anti-pulling unit, which is used to improve the reset ability of the support and extend the service life. The self-reset unit includes: a guide shaft 7 and a disc spring group 8; the two ends of the guide shaft 7 are respectively connected to the lower support plate assembly 4 and the double ball cap liner assembly 5; the disc spring group 8 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft 7 between the lower support plate assembly 4 and the double ball cap liner assembly 5. Further, one end of the guide shaft 7 is inserted into the fourth stopper 523 and is detachably connected to the fourth stopper 523 by a fastening bolt, and the other end thereof passes through the third stopper 412 on the same side and is slidably connected to the third stopper 412; the disc spring group 8 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft 7 between the third stopper 412 and the fourth stopper 523. During use, the sliding between the double-ball crown liner assembly 5 and the lower support plate assembly 4 is converted into elastic sliding through a plurality of relatively arranged self-resetting units, so that the double-ball crown liner assembly 5 has a self-resetting function and can quickly return to the initial position after movement energy consumption, thereby effectively improving the shock absorption effect and durability of the support; at the same time, the fourth stop block 523 and the guide shaft 7 can be detachably connected by bolt connection, so as to facilitate the replacement of the disc spring group 8, which helps to supervise the difficulty of maintenance and overhaul.

[0049] Preferably, the guide shafts 7 and the disc spring groups 8 are the same in number and are symmetrically arranged in groups. At the same time, the number is an even number and is at least four, so as to ensure stable self-resetting capability.

[0050] Preferably, the length of the guide shaft 7 is such that when the sliding limit is reached between the double-ball crown liner assembly 5 and the lower support plate 41, the guide shaft 7 remains in sliding connection with the third stop block 412, so as to improve the stability and safety of the support; in particular, in an optional embodiment, the guide shaft 7 passes through the end of the third stop block 412 and is provided with a pin shaft with a length greater than the outer diameter of the guide shaft 7, so that when the sliding limit is reached between the double-ball crown liner assembly 5 and the lower support plate 41, the guide shaft 7 remains in sliding connection with the third stop block 412, so as to further improve safety.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the guide shaft 7 is slidably connected to the second stopper 411 via a bearing, so as to reduce the friction resistance between the guide shaft 7 and the second stopper 411 and improve the structural stability.

[0052] Preferably, the guide shaft 7 is a hollow shaft tube for reducing the load and improving stability.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using a self-resetting anti-pullout support, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1: Cast the bridge piers, lay out the lines and reserve the installation position of the self-resetting anti-pullout bearing;

[0055] S2: adjusting the sizes of the stainless steel plates and wear-resistant strips, the guide shaft 7 and the disc spring assembly 8 in the friction pair assembly 6 according to the shock absorption requirements and assembling the self-resetting anti-pullout support;

[0056] S3: Connect the lower support plate 41 to the bridge pier through the lower anchor assembly 2 and pour concrete;

[0057] S4: Connect the upper bearing plate 31 to the bottom of the bridge through the upper anchor assembly 1 and control the flatness of the upper surface of the upper bearing plate 31 and the bottom of the bridge to ensure that the self-resetting anti-pullout bearing is level;

[0058] S5: During use, each disc spring assembly 8 is regularly inspected, and the guide shaft 7 is disassembled by unscrewing the fastening bolts for maintenance and repair.

[0059] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0060] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0061] In this patent, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "includes..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-resetting anti-pullout support, characterized in that: include: Anti-pullout unit and self-reset unit, including: The anti-pullout unit comprises: an upper bearing plate assembly (3), a lower bearing plate assembly (4), a double spherical cap lining assembly (5) and a friction pair assembly (6); the upper bearing plate assembly (3) is connected to the bottom end of the bridge via an upper anchor assembly (1); the lower bearing plate assembly (4) is connected to the upper end of the pier via a lower anchor assembly (2); the double spherical cap lining assembly (5) is embedded between the upper bearing plate assembly (3) and the lower bearing plate assembly (4); the friction pair assembly (6) is respectively arranged inside the double spherical cap lining assembly (5), and between the upper bearing plate assembly (3), the double spherical cap lining assembly (5) and the lower bearing plate assembly (4); The self-resetting unit is used to improve the resetting ability of the support, and comprises: a guide shaft (7) and a disc spring group (8); the two ends of the guide shaft (7) are respectively connected to the lower support plate assembly (4) and the double ball cap lining plate assembly (5); the disc spring group (8) is sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft (7) between the lower support plate assembly (4) and the double ball cap lining plate assembly (5); The pull-out resistant structure composed of the upper bearing plate assembly (3), the lower bearing plate assembly (4) and the double ball cap lining assembly (5) is used to transmit vertical loads and maintain the stability and reliability of the bearings when the bridge is subjected to lateral forces or torsional forces. At the same time, the vibration and impact energy of the bridge under dynamic loads is absorbed and dispersed by the friction pair assembly (6), thereby reducing the wear and fatigue risks of the pull-out resistant structure.

2. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper bearing plate assembly (3) comprises: an upper bearing plate (31) and an upper plate (32); the upper bearing plate (31) is connected to the bottom end of the bridge via the upper anchor bolt assembly (1), and two first stoppers (311) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end; the two upper plates (32) are respectively detachably connected to the two first stoppers (311) and are arranged at the bottom ends of the first stoppers (311), and they and the upper bearing plate (31) form a T-shaped groove structure along the bridge direction.

3. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower support plate assembly (4) comprises: a lower support plate (41) and a lower plate (42); the lower support plate (41) is connected to the upper end of the pier through the lower anchor bolt assembly (2), and two second stoppers (411) and two third stoppers (412) are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the lower support plate (41); the two lower plates (42) are respectively detachably connected to the two second stoppers (411) and arranged on the upper ends of the second stoppers (411), and form a T-shaped groove structure in the transverse direction of the bridge with the lower support plate (41).

4. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The double spherical cap lining assembly (5) comprises: an intermediate plate (51), a spherical seat plate (52), an upper spherical cap lining plate (53), a lower spherical cap lining plate (54) and a tensile shaft (55); a threaded through hole is provided in the middle of the intermediate plate (51), which comprises a first base plate (511) and an annular member (512); the first base plate (511) is respectively connected to the bottom end of the lower support plate (41), the side surfaces of the two first stoppers (311) and the two upper plates (312) through the friction pair assembly (6). 2) upper end sliding contact, the annular member (512) is arranged at the middle of the bottom end of the first substrate (511); the ball seat plate (52) includes a second substrate (521), a ball crown seat (522) and a fourth stopper (523), the second substrate (521) is in sliding contact with the upper end of the lower support plate (41), the two second stopper side surfaces and the two bottom ends of the lower plates (42) through the friction pair component (6), the ball crown seat (522) is arranged on the second substrate (521) ) and its outer side is in rotational contact with the inner side of the annular member (512); the two fourth stoppers (523) are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the second substrate (521) and are parallel to the third stopper (412); the upper spherical crown lining plate (53) is arranged at the middle of the matching groove at the upper end of the spherical crown seat (522), and is respectively in rotational contact with the bottom end of the first substrate (511) and the upper end of the spherical crown seat (522) through the friction pair component (6); the lower spherical crown lining plate 54 is arranged through the The through hole adapted for the tensile shaft (55) and the second base plate (521) is arranged in the middle of the adapting groove at the bottom end of the spherical crown seat (522), and is respectively in rotational contact with the bottom end of the spherical crown seat (522) and the upper end of the shaft end cover of the tensile shaft (55) through the friction pair assembly (6); the shaft of the tensile shaft (55) passes through the lower spherical crown lining plate (54), the spherical crown seat (522) and the upper spherical crown lining plate (53) in sequence, and is connected to the intermediate plate (51) by threads.

5. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The friction pair assembly (6) comprises: a first friction pair (601), a second friction pair (602), a third friction pair (603), a fourth friction pair (604), a fifth friction pair (605), a sixth friction pair (606), a seventh friction pair (607), an eighth friction pair (608), a ninth friction pair (609) and a tenth friction pair (610); the first friction pair (601) comprises a first stainless steel plate arranged on the bottom surface of the upper support plate (31), and a first wear-resistant strip grooved on the upper end of the first base plate (511); the second friction pair (602 ) comprises a second stainless steel plate respectively arranged on the inner surface of the two first stoppers (311), and a second wear-resistant strip respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of both sides of the first substrate (511); the third friction pair (603) comprises a third stainless steel plate respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces of the two upper plates (32), and a third wear-resistant strip respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the first substrate (511); the fourth friction pair (604) comprises a fourth stainless steel plate arranged on the bottom end surface of the first substrate (511), and a fourth wear-resistant strip grooved on the upper end surface of the upper spherical cap lining plate (53); the first The fifth friction pair (605) includes a fifth wear-resistant strip grooved on the upper end surface of the spherical crown seat (522), and the lower end surface of the upper spherical crown lining plate (53) corresponding to the fifth wear-resistant strip; the sixth friction pair (606) includes a sixth wear-resistant strip grooved on the lower end surface of the spherical crown seat (522), and the upper end surface of the lower spherical crown lining plate (54) corresponding to the sixth wear-resistant strip; the seventh friction pair (607) includes a seventh wear-resistant strip grooved on the lower end surface of the lower spherical crown lining plate (54), and the upper end of the shaft end cover of the tensile shaft (55) corresponding to the seventh wear-resistant strip. surface; the eighth friction pair (608) includes an eighth wear-resistant strip grooved on the bottom surface of the second substrate (521), and a fifth stainless steel plate provided on the upper surface of the lower support plate (41); the ninth friction pair (609) includes a sixth stainless steel plate provided on the bottom surface of the lower plate (42), and a ninth wear-resistant strip provided on the upper surface of the second substrate (521); the tenth friction pair (610) includes a seventh stainless steel plate provided on the inner surfaces of the two second stoppers (411), and a tenth wear-resistant strip provided on the outer surfaces of both sides of the second substrate (521).

6. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of arc grooves are provided on the upper end surface of the first wear-resistant strip, the upper end surface of the fourth wear-resistant strip and the bottom end surface of the eighth wear-resistant strip.

7. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: One end of the guide shaft (7) is inserted into the fourth stopper (523) and is detachably connected to the fourth stopper (523) by means of a fastening bolt, and the other end thereof passes through the third stopper (412) on the same side and is slidably connected to the third stopper (412); the disc spring assembly (8) is sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft (7) between the third stopper (412) and the fourth stopper (523); The guide shafts (7) and the disc spring groups (8) are of the same number and are symmetrically arranged in groups. At the same time, the number is an even number and is at least four.

8. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the guide shaft (7) is such that when the sliding limit is reached between the double spherical cap liner assembly (5) and the lower support plate (41), the guide shaft (7) remains in sliding connection with the third stopper (412).

9. The self-resetting anti-pullout support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide shaft (7) passes through the third stopper (412) and is provided with a pin shaft having a length greater than the outer diameter of the guide shaft (7), so that when the sliding limit is reached between the double ball crown liner assembly (5) and the lower support plate (41), the guide shaft (7) remains in sliding connection with the third stopper (412).

10. A method for using a self-resetting anti-pulling support, which is implemented by using the self-resetting anti-pulling support according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Cast the bridge piers, lay out the lines and reserve the installation position of the self-resetting anti-pullout bearing; S2: adjusting the sizes of the stainless steel plates and wear-resistant strips, the guide shaft (7) and the disc spring assembly (8) in the friction pair assembly (6) according to the shock absorption requirements and assembling the self-resetting anti-pullout support; S3: Connecting the lower support plate (41) to the bridge pier through the lower anchor bolt assembly (2) and pouring concrete; S4: connecting the upper support plate (31) to the bottom of the bridge through the upper anchor bolt assembly (1) and controlling the flatness of the upper surface of the upper support plate (31) and the bottom of the bridge to ensure that the self-resetting anti-pullout support is level; S5: During use, each disc spring assembly (8) is regularly inspected, and the guide shaft (7) is disassembled by unscrewing the fastening bolts for maintenance and repair.

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