Special-shaped stair supporting system and construction method

Abstract

The special-shaped stair supporting system comprises a floor type supporting frame and is characterized in that a special-shaped stair comprises a plurality of independent Z-shaped steps, each Z-shaped step is composed of an upper step, a lower step and an inclined section, and a step structure is built at the position, corresponding to each special-shaped stair, of the floor type supporting frame; the floor type supporting frame is of a frame type structure built by vertical rods, connecting joints and horizontal rods, adjustable supporting supports are installed at the tops of the vertical rods, double transverse steel pipes are installed at the tops of the adjustable supporting supports, a plurality of battens (12) are laid on the double steel pipes in the longitudinal direction to form a supporting structure of the pouring formwork, and the pouring formwork is divided into three sections. The two stair ascending sections are respectively two stair ascending sections and a middle rest platform section, and triangular templates are mounted on battens of the stair ascending sections to form step surfaces. The Z-shaped special-shaped staircase can be cast in situ, the connection reliability of the staircase and the wall is improved, the shock resistance is improved, and transfer and installation of prefabricated parts are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a formwork supporting structure of stairs and a corresponding casting method. Background Art

[0002] Special-shaped stairs are usually designed to meet specific aesthetic needs, while also having practical functions, which can add personality and beauty to buildings. Special-shaped stairs are usually prefabricated structures, and are hoisted to the predetermined location for installation after the wall is formed. The problem with this installation method is that the integrity between the stairs and the wall is poor, the earthquake resistance is weak, and the materials of the prefabricated stairs need to use steel structures, wood, glass, and composite materials, which are relatively expensive. If you want to use the casting method to cast the special-shaped stairs into one with the wall, the irregular shape of the special-shaped stairs will bring the following problems: First, the irregular shape requires high precision in template production and is difficult to process; second, the special-shaped template requires high reinforcement of the support system; third, the traditional disc-type support frame has a fixed module, which does not meet the requirements for narrow spaces. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problem that special-shaped stairs in the prior art can usually only be prefabricated, and provides a formwork support system and a construction method that can realize on-site casting.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0005] A support system for special-shaped stairs, including a floor-type support frame, characterized in that: the special-shaped stairs include multiple independent Z-shaped steps, the Z-shaped steps are composed of an upper step 1, a lower step 3 and an inclined section 2, the floor-type support frame builds a stepped lower template corresponding to the position of each special-shaped staircase, a casting template of a Z-shaped step is installed on each step of the staircase structure, multiple casting templates share a stepped lower template, each casting template is divided into three sections, namely two stair ascending sections and a rest platform section in the middle; the floor-type support frame is a frame structure built by vertical poles 7, connecting sections 6 and horizontal poles 8, an adjustable support 9 is installed on the top of the vertical pole 7, a horizontal double steel pipe 11 is installed on the top of the adjustable support 9 as the bottom support point of the stepped lower template, multiple wooden squares 12 are laid on the double steel pipes 11 along the longitudinal direction to form a supporting structure of the casting template, and a triangular template 10 is installed on the wooden squares 12 of the stair ascending section to form a step surface.

[0006] There are pin holes distributed on the vertical poles 7 , the connecting section 6 is sleeved on the vertical poles 7 and fixed in position by the pins 14 and the pin holes, and the horizontal rod 8 is installed between the two vertical poles 7 through the connecting section 6 .

[0007] One end of the double steel pipe 11 close to the inclined section 2 of the special-shaped staircase is a cantilever support, which is achieved by using an adjustable horizontal rod 81 and an inclined support rod 71. The adjustable horizontal rod 81 has a hinge node 15, and the inclined support rod 71 is connected to the inner side rod 7 through the adjustable horizontal rod 81 and the connecting node 6 to form a cantilever support structure of the double steel pipe 11.

[0008] A transverse reinforcing wood wedge 13 is installed at the bottom of the wooden square 12 of the upward section of the stairs, and the reinforcing wood wedge 13 cooperates with the double steel pipe 11.

[0009] There are multiple groups of vertical poles 7 with different heights, and the lower ends of the vertical poles 7 are installed on the supporting base 5.

[0010] The casting formwork of the special-shaped staircase is installed on the step surface formed by the wooden square 12 and the triangular formwork 10. The casting formwork of the upper step 1 and the lower step 3 is an openable and closable formwork, and the casting formwork of the inclined section 2 is a fully enclosed formwork.

[0011] Construction methods include:

[0012] Step 1: Use instruments to accurately lay out the lines according to the design drawings and locate the axis of the special-shaped staircase.

[0013] Step 2: According to the design, a new type of latch-type support system is set up, and the support base 5, the vertical pole 7, the connecting section 6, the horizontal rod 8 and the adjustable support 9 are installed in sequence. The connecting section 6 is adjusted and moved vertically on the vertical pole 7 and the required module is selected for latch fixation. Then the horizontal rod 8 is inserted from the four sides of the connecting section 6 and reinforced by latch connection. A horizontal double steel pipe 11 is installed on the adjustable support 9. The inner end of the double steel pipe 11 is cantilevered and fixed by the diagonal support rod 71. The lower end of the diagonal support rod 71 is inserted into the connecting section 6 at the corresponding position of the adjacent vertical pole 7 and forms a hinge. The middle part of the diagonal support rod 71 is connected to the connecting section 6 at the corresponding position of the adjacent vertical pole 7 through the adjustable horizontal rod 81;

[0014] Step 3: After the frame is erected, the special-shaped casting formwork is constructed, with double steel pipes 11 of different heights as the main ribs of the formwork, and multiple wooden squares 12 installed on the double steel pipes 11 as secondary ribs. A triangular formwork is installed on the wooden squares 12 of the upper section of the stairs to form steps, and a casting formwork is installed on the steps, and steel bars are tied in the formwork;

[0015] Step 4: Cast each Z-shaped step in sequence; cast in the order of lower step 3, inclined section 2, and upper step 1. First, open the formwork of lower step 3 and pour in concrete. After vibrating and compacting, close the formwork of lower step 3. Then, open the formwork of upper step 1 and cast inclined section 2. After vibrating, cast lower step 3.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1. The present invention can realize on-site casting of Z-shaped special-shaped stairs, improve the connection reliability between the stairs and the wall, improve the earthquake resistance, and avoid the transportation and installation of prefabricated parts.

[0018] 2. The designed support structure solves the problems of difficult construction, high reinforcement requirements, and non-compliance with the module. In addition, the material consumption is small, the device can be used in rotation, the construction is convenient, and the cost is saved.

[0019] 3. Each Z-shaped step has an independent casting cavity, and multiple casting cavities are installed together on the same lower formwork. The stair-shaped lower formwork can adjust the special shape to the bottom surface of the traditional stair tread, forming an integral inclined section to facilitate the erection of the formwork and support system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a forward schematic diagram of the formwork support system.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram after rotating to the right a certain angle.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram after rotating to the left by a certain angle.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adjustable horizontal rod.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the shape of an irregular staircase.

[0025] 1-upper step; 2-inclined section; 3-lower step; 4-resting platform; 5-support base; 6-connecting section; 7-vertical pole; 8-horizontal pole; 9-adjustable support; 10-triangular template; 11-double steel pipe; 12-wooden square; 13-reinforced wooden wedge; 14-latch; 15-hinge node; 16-connecting port; 61 movable connecting section; 71 vertical pole latch port; 81 adjustable horizontal pole; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Example:

[0027] like Figure 5The special-shaped staircase includes a plurality of independent Z-shaped steps, each of which is composed of an upper step 1, a lower step 3 and an inclined section 2, that is, the upper and lower steps are connected by the inclined section 2. Usually, this type of staircase adopts a prefabricated structure, and the prefabricated staircase structure is installed after the wall is poured; an independent resting platform 4 is set at the corner. The corresponding template is designed according to the shape of the Z-shaped step, in which the upper step 1 and the lower step 3 adopt an open template, and the inclined section 2 adopts a fully closed template. The bottom of the inclined section 2 of the staircase is set with a wire mesh adjacent to the lower step 3. Because the structure is special and similar to a hanging mold, it is difficult to cast concrete in one time. Adding a wire mesh to block it is convenient to improve the casting quality. The closed template is reinforced by screws, and exhaust holes are set at regular intervals in the closed section to facilitate vibration and compaction during pouring and effective air discharge.

[0028] The novel latch-type support system consists of a support base 5, a movable connecting joint 6, a square vertical pole 7, a horizontal pole 8, an adjustable support 9, a triangular formwork 10, a double steel pipe 11, a wooden square 12, a reinforcing wooden wedge 13, a latch 14, and an adjustable horizontal pole 81.

[0029] The connecting joint 6 has six sides including front, back, left, right, top and bottom for pins and fixing openings, and the connecting joint 6 can slide vertically and horizontally on the vertical pole 7 or the horizontal pole 8; an adjustment hole is provided on the square vertical pole 7, and the connecting joint 6 is fixed by a pin 14 when the vertical pole 7 is adjusted and moved; the horizontal pole 8 is provided with a telescopic joint, and the length is adjustable.

[0030] The innermost horizontal rod 8 is an adjustable horizontal rod 81, and the hinge node 15 on the adjustable horizontal rod 81 is a connecting node, which is convenient for effective support when erected in an oblique direction.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 4The floor-standing support frame is used to build a step structure corresponding to the position of each special-shaped staircase; the floor-standing support frame is a frame structure built by vertical poles 7, connecting sections 6 and horizontal rods 8. The lower ends of the vertical poles 7 are installed on the support base 5. The vertical poles 7 are provided with latch holes. The connecting sections 6 are sleeved on the vertical poles 7 and fixed in position by latches 14 and the latch holes. The horizontal rod 8 is installed between the two vertical poles 7 through the connecting sections 6. An adjustable support 9 is installed on the top of the vertical pole 7, and a horizontal double steel pipe 11 is installed on the top of the adjustable support 9. Multiple wooden squares 12 are laid on the double steel pipes 11 along the longitudinal direction to form a supporting structure for the casting template. Each Z-shaped step has an independent casting cavity, but shares a lower template. The lower template is built in a stepped type, with the wooden square 12 as the secondary rib of the template and a triangular template 10 installed as the lower template structure of the step surface. Each step of the special-shaped staircase is independent, and the special shape can be adjusted to the bottom surface of the traditional stair tread through the triangular template 10, forming an integral inclined section to facilitate the erection of the template and the support system; the reinforcing wooden wedge 13 is used to fill the angle formed by the main rib steel pipe on the bottom surface of the stairs and the adjustable support; the casting template is divided into three sections, namely two stair ascending sections and the middle rest platform section, and the triangular template 10 is installed on the wooden square 12 of the stair ascending section to form a stepped surface.

[0032] One end of the double steel pipe 11 close to the inclined section 2 of the special-shaped staircase is a cantilever support, which is achieved by using an adjustable horizontal rod 81 and an inclined support rod 71. The adjustable horizontal rod 81 has a hinge node 15, and the inclined support rod 71 is connected to the inner side rod 7 through the adjustable horizontal rod 81 and the connecting node 6 to form a cantilever support structure of the double steel pipe 11.

[0033] The casting formwork of the special-shaped staircase is installed on the step surface formed by the wooden square 12 and the triangular formwork 10. The casting formwork of the upper step 1 and the lower step 3 is an openable and closable formwork, and the casting formwork of the inclined section 2 is a fully enclosed formwork.

[0034] Specific construction plan:

[0035] Step 1: Use instruments to accurately lay out the lines according to the design drawings and locate the axis of the special-shaped staircase.

[0036] Step 2: According to the design, a new type of latch-type support system is set up, which is composed of a support base 5, a square upright pole 7, an active connection joint 6, a horizontal rod 8, and an adjustable support 9. The square upright pole 7 is provided with an adjustment hole, and the connection joint 6 can be adjusted and moved vertically on the upright pole 7. The required module is selected for latch fixation, and then the horizontal rod 8 is inserted from the four sides of the connection joint 6 and connected and reinforced by the latch 14. As shown in the figure, the bottom of the diagonal support pole 71 is inserted with an active connection joint 6 to form a hinge that can be flexibly rotated. The connection joint 6 on the diagonal support pole 71 is fixed after selecting a suitable position, and is connected to the connection joint 6 of the surrounding support system at the same level through the adjustable telescopic horizontal rod 81. The entire frame is set up in this way.

[0037] Step 3: After the frame is erected, the special-shaped casting template is constructed. From bottom to top, the double steel pipe 11 is used as the main rib and the wooden square 12 is used as the secondary rib, and the stair step template is installed. A reinforcing wooden wedge 13 is installed between the wooden square 12 and the double steel pipe 11; multiple triangular templates 10 are fixed on the wooden square 12 to form steps. Through the triangular template 10, the special shape can be adjusted to the bottom surface of the traditional stair step, forming an integral inclined section to facilitate the erection of the template and the support system. In order to achieve a certain strength, a triangular plate is arranged at a certain distance in the cavity of the triangular template 10 for reinforcement.

[0038] Step 4: Pour each Z-shaped step one at a time; pour in the order of lower step 3, inclined section 2, and upper step 1. First, open the formwork of lower step 3 and pour in concrete. After vibrating and compacting, close the formwork of lower step 3. Then, open the formwork of upper step 1 and pour inclined section 2. After vibrating, pour lower step 3.

Claims

1. A special-shaped staircase support system, comprising a floor-standing support frame, characterized in that: The special-shaped staircase comprises a plurality of independent Z-shaped steps, wherein the Z-shaped step comprises an upper step (1), a lower step (3) and an inclined section (2); a floor-standing support frame is used to construct a stepped lower template corresponding to the position of each Z-shaped step; a casting template of the Z-shaped step is installed on each step of the staircase structure; a plurality of casting templates share a stepped lower template; each casting template is divided into three sections, namely two staircase ascending sections and a rest platform section in the middle.

2. The special-shaped staircase support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floor-standing support frame is a frame structure constructed by vertical poles (7), connecting joints (6) and horizontal poles (8). An adjustable support (9) is installed on the top of the vertical poles (7). A horizontal double steel pipe (11) is installed on the top of the adjustable support (9) as the bottom support point of the stepped lower template. A plurality of wooden beams (12) are longitudinally laid on the double steel pipes (11) to form a supporting structure for casting the template. A triangular template (10) is installed on the wooden beams (12) of the upper section of the stairs to form a stepped surface.

3. The special-shaped staircase support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical poles (7) are provided with latch holes, the connecting section (6) is sleeved on the vertical poles (7) and fixed in position through the latch 14 and the latch holes, and the horizontal rod (8) is installed between the two vertical poles (7) through the connecting section (6).

4. The special-shaped staircase support system according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the double steel pipe (11) close to the inclined section (2) of the special-shaped staircase is a cantilever support, and the cantilever support is realized by using an adjustable horizontal rod (81) and a diagonal support rod (71). The adjustable horizontal rod (81) is provided with a hinge node (15), and the diagonal support rod (71) is connected to the inner side rod (7) through the adjustable horizontal rod (81) and the connecting joint (6) to form a cantilever support structure of the double steel pipe (11).

5. The drop slope anti-slide pile crown beam connection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A transverse reinforcing wood wedge (13) is installed at the bottom of the wooden square (12) of the upward section of the staircase, and the reinforcing wood wedge (13) cooperates with the double steel pipes (11).

6. The special-shaped staircase support system according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple groups of vertical poles (7) with different heights, and the lower ends of the vertical poles (7) are installed on the supporting base (5).

7. The special-shaped staircase support system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: A casting template for a special-shaped staircase is installed on a step surface formed by wooden squares (12) and triangular templates (10); the casting templates for the upper step (1) and the lower step (3) are openable templates, and the casting template for the inclined section (2) is a fully enclosed template.

8. The special-shaped staircase support system according to claim 7, characterized in that Construction methods include: Step 1: Use instruments to accurately lay out the lines according to the design drawings and locate the axis of the special-shaped staircase. Step 2: According to the design, a new type of latch-type support system is set up, and the support base (5), the vertical pole (7), the connecting section (6), the horizontal rod (8) and the adjustable support (9) are installed in sequence. The connecting section (6) is adjusted and moved vertically on the vertical pole (7) and the required module is selected for latch fixation. Then the horizontal rod (8) is inserted from the four sides of the connecting section (6) and is connected and reinforced by latches. A horizontal double steel pipe (11) is installed on the adjustable support (9). The inner end of the double steel pipe (11) is cantilevered and fixed by the diagonal support pole (71). The lower end of the diagonal support pole (71) is inserted into the connecting section (6) at the corresponding position of the adjacent vertical pole (7) to form a hinge. The middle part of the diagonal support pole (71) is connected to the connecting section (6) at the corresponding position of the adjacent vertical pole (7) through the adjustable horizontal rod (81); Step 3: After the frame is erected, the special-shaped casting template is constructed, with double steel pipes (11) of different heights as the main ribs of the template, and multiple wooden squares (12) installed on the double steel pipes (11) as secondary ribs. A triangular template is installed on the wooden squares (12) of the upper section of the stairs to form steps, and a casting template is installed on the steps, and steel bars are tied in the template; Step 4: Cast each Z-shaped step in sequence; cast in the order of the lower step (3), the inclined section (2), and the upper step (1). First, open the formwork of the lower step (3) and pour in concrete. After vibrating and compacting, close the formwork of the lower step (3). Then, open the formwork of the upper step (1) and cast the inclined section (2). After vibrating, cast the lower step (3).

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