Method for identifying and monitoring water inrush catastrophe water source rising guide path based on similar simulation test

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine water disaster prevention and control, and discloses a water inrush catastrophe water source rising guide path identification and monitoring method based on an analog simulation test, which comprises the following steps: collecting mining area data, determining lithology and laying thickness of each rock stratum in a mining area, and carrying out similar material proportioning on the determined lithology of each rock stratum; a heat release material is used as a layering material in the similar simulation test; according to the similar simulation test-based flood inrush catastrophe water source rising guide path identification and monitoring method, the heat release material is used in the similar simulation test, so that the response capability of each rock stratum to the temperature change in the experimental environment is enhanced, the subtle change of the rock stratum temperature in the water inrush process can be reflected more accurately, and the monitoring precision is improved. In the water inrush monitoring process, a thermal image is obtained in real time through an infrared thermal imager, and real-time distribution of temperature in the mining process can be displayed, so that the water inrush dynamic condition at the moment is reflected, and the water inrush dynamic condition comprises initial contours of a temperature abnormal area and a water inrush path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine water hazard prevention and control, and in particular to a method for identifying and monitoring a water source guiding path of a sudden water disaster based on a similar simulation test. Background Art

[0002] As the depth of coal mining increases, underground pressurized water activities become more frequent, resulting in an increasing risk of water inrush from the floor during mining. Water inrush may not only cause direct losses such as coal mine flooding and equipment damage, but may also endanger the lives of underground workers. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately identify and monitor the water inrush path during mine mining has become a key technology in coal mine safety protection.

[0003] Existing water inrush path monitoring technologies mainly rely on water pressure observation methods, drilling detection methods and other methods, which have many limitations, such as the inability to achieve real-time monitoring, long monitoring cycles, and difficulty in capturing dynamically changing water inrush paths. In addition, traditional monitoring methods have limited prediction accuracy for water inrush paths and are unable to promptly reflect subtle changes in the water inrush process.

[0004] Infrared thermal imaging technology has gradually become a new means of monitoring water inrush in mines due to its advantages of non-contact, long-distance and real-time monitoring. Infrared imaging can obtain the temperature distribution of the mining area in real time, and identify the water inrush path by analyzing the temperature abnormality area.

[0005] However, the existing infrared thermal imaging monitoring methods still have some limitations, such as limited image resolution, noise interference, and the impact of uneven illumination on image clarity, which makes it difficult to identify the water inrush path in the thermal image. Therefore, how to improve the quality and resolution of infrared thermal imaging images, reduce noise interference, and further enhance the visualization effect of the water inrush path is of great research significance in the field of mine water hazard prevention and control. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems that the existing water burst path monitoring technology cannot realize real-time monitoring, has a long monitoring period, is difficult to capture the dynamically changing water burst path, is difficult to timely reflect the subtle changes in the water burst process, and the existing infrared thermal imaging monitoring method has limited image resolution, noise interference and uneven illumination, which makes it difficult to identify the water burst path in the thermal image. The present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A water burst disaster water source guide path identification and monitoring method based on similar simulation experiments, comprising:

[0007] S1. Collect mining area data, determine the lithology and laying thickness of each rock layer in the mining area, and make similar material proportions for the determined rock layers;

[0008] S2. Use exothermic materials as layering materials in similar simulation tests;

[0009] S3. Use the mining coal seam floor water inrush similarity simulation test system to lay the test materials and build a similar simulation test environment;

[0010] S4. Deploy infrared thermal imagers to measure infrared heat of the target;

[0011] S5. During the mining process, infrared thermal imagers are used to obtain real-time thermal images and temperature values, so as to conduct preliminary identification and monitoring of the water inrush path;

[0012] S6. After the mining is completed, the measurement results are exported, the measurement data are obtained and analyzed, and the water inrush path is obtained;

[0013] S7. Compare and analyze the thermal image obtained by real-time monitoring with the path map obtained through algorithm processing to obtain detailed and accurate test results.

[0014] Furthermore, in S4, an infrared thermal imager is deployed to measure the infrared heat of the target, specifically:

[0015] S4.1. Place infrared thermal imagers at locations that can cover the mining impact area, fault areas, and possible water inrush paths;

[0016] S4.2. Set the measurement range and resolution of the infrared thermal imager to ensure that it can monitor changes in local temperature during mining.

[0017] Furthermore, the S5 specifically includes:

[0018] S5.1. During the mining process, the infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the test in real time, and the real-time thermal image and temperature value are obtained through its built-in conversion function;

[0019] S5.2. Real-time analysis of thermal images can realize visual monitoring of the bottom plate water inrush path formed during the high-pressure water conduction process.

[0020] Furthermore, the S5.1 specifically includes:

[0021] S5.11. The infrared thermal imager continuously scans the mining area to collect temperature data of the area in real time;

[0022] S5.12. Infrared thermal imagers detect infrared energy without contact and convert it into electrical signals, thereby generating visual thermal images and temperature values ​​on a display.

[0023] Furthermore, the S5.2 specifically includes:

[0024] S5.21. In thermal images, high-pressure water flow reacts chemically with the components in the exothermic material to release heat energy, which in turn causes local temperature anomalies. By identifying areas where the temperature rises or drops rapidly and analyzing the movement trajectory of the water flow, the water inrush path gradually appears in the thermal image.

[0025] S5.22. Generate a continuous sequence of thermal images at a set frequency for real-time monitoring. By comparing thermal images at different times, analyze the dynamic process of temperature change. The expansion and direction of the water inrush path are manifested in the image as the displacement and diffusion of the temperature anomaly area.

[0026] Furthermore, the S6 specifically includes:

[0027] S6.1. After the mining is completed, the measurement results in the infrared thermal imager storage system are exported to obtain the measurement data;

[0028] S6.2. Use the TV-Retinex algorithm to process the exported image data to obtain the specific water inrush path.

[0029] Furthermore, the S6.2 processes the exported image data using the TV-Retinex algorithm, specifically:

[0030] S6.21. Preprocessing of original image data:

[0031] Noise removal, using Gaussian filtering or median filtering techniques to remove image noise and eliminate random temperature changes that may affect path identification;

[0032] Contrast enhancement: adjust the image contrast through histogram equalization to enhance the overall visibility of the image and make the water inrush path more obvious in the image;

[0033] S6.22. Use the TV-Retinex algorithm and combine the Retinex theory and total variation regularization technology to enhance the preprocessed image:

[0034] Use the Retinex theoretical model to perform illumination correction and color constancy processing on thermal images;

[0035] The images are further processed using a total variation regularization method to remove noise and artifacts introduced during the processing.

[0036] Furthermore, the S7 is specifically:

[0037] By comparing thermal images and processed images at different times, the dynamic changes in the speed, direction and range of the water inrush path expansion during the pressurized water diversion process are analyzed.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. This water source rise path identification and monitoring method for water inrush disasters based on similar simulation tests uses exothermic materials in similar simulation tests to enhance the response of each rock layer to temperature changes in the experimental environment, which can more accurately reflect the subtle changes in rock layer temperature during the water inrush process and improve monitoring accuracy. During the water inrush monitoring process, the infrared thermal imager acquires thermal images in real time, which can show the real-time distribution of temperature during the mining process, especially the temperature changes in the high-pressure water flow area, thereby reflecting the dynamic situation of the water inrush at that time, including the temperature abnormality area and the preliminary outline of the water inrush path.

[0040] 2. This method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden water disaster based on similar simulation tests generates a clear image of the sudden water path by processing the exported thermal image data using the TV-Retinex algorithm after acquiring the thermal image. These algorithm-processed images are contrast-enhanced, denoised, and edge-enhanced to accurately display the direction of the sudden water path and the temperature change trend. The processed images not only remove noise and uneven lighting, but also highlight the key details of the sudden water path. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A distribution bar graph of coal seams and surrounding rocks in a similar simulation test in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the infrared thermal imager and the normal shooting after the excavation work of the similar simulation test working face in the embodiment of the present invention is completed;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of processing image data using the TV-Retinex algorithm of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The embodiment of the method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on a similar simulation test is as follows:

[0047] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , a method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of sudden flood disasters based on similar simulation tests, including:

[0048] S1. Collect mining area data, determine the lithology and laying thickness of each rock layer in the mining area, and make similar material proportions for the determined rock layers;

[0049] S2. Use exothermic materials as layering materials in similar simulation tests;

[0050] S3. Use the mining coal seam floor water inrush similarity simulation test system to lay the test materials and build a similar simulation test environment;

[0051] S4. Deploy infrared thermal imagers to measure infrared heat of the target;

[0052] S4.1. Place infrared thermal imagers at locations that can cover the mining impact area, fault areas, and possible water inrush paths;

[0053] S4.2. Set the measurement range and resolution of the infrared thermal imager to ensure that it can monitor changes in local temperature during mining.

[0054] S5. During the mining process, infrared thermal imagers are used to obtain real-time thermal images and temperature values, so as to conduct preliminary identification and monitoring of the water inrush path;

[0055] S5.1. During the mining process, the infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the test in real time, and the real-time thermal image and temperature value are obtained through its built-in conversion function;

[0056] S5.11. The infrared thermal imager continuously scans the mining area to collect temperature data of the area in real time;

[0057] S5.12. Infrared thermal imagers detect infrared energy without contact and convert it into electrical signals, thereby generating visual thermal images and temperature values ​​on a display.

[0058] S5.2. Real-time analysis of thermal images can realize visual monitoring of the bottom plate water inrush path formed during the high-pressure water diversion process;

[0059] S5.21. In thermal images, high-pressure water flow reacts chemically with the components in the exothermic material to release heat energy, which in turn causes local temperature anomalies. By identifying areas where the temperature rises or drops rapidly and analyzing the movement trajectory of the water flow, the water inrush path gradually appears in the thermal image.

[0060] S5.22. Generate a continuous sequence of thermal images at a set frequency for real-time monitoring. By comparing thermal images at different times, analyze the dynamic process of temperature change. The expansion and direction of the water inrush path are manifested in the image as the displacement and diffusion of the temperature anomaly area.

[0061] S6. After the mining is completed, the measurement results are exported, the measurement data are obtained and analyzed, and the water inrush path is obtained;

[0062] S6.1. After the mining is completed, the measurement results in the infrared thermal imager storage system are exported to obtain the measurement data;

[0063] S6.2, using TV-Retinex algorithm to process the exported image data to obtain the specific water inrush path;

[0064] S6.21. Preprocessing of original image data:

[0065] Noise removal, using Gaussian filtering or median filtering techniques to remove image noise and eliminate random temperature changes that may affect path identification;

[0066] Contrast enhancement: adjust the image contrast through histogram equalization to enhance the overall visibility of the image and make the water inrush path more obvious in the image;

[0067] S6.22. Use the TV-Retinex algorithm and combine the Retinex theory and total variation regularization technology to enhance the preprocessed image:

[0068] Use the Retinex theoretical model to perform illumination correction and color constancy processing on thermal images;

[0069] The images are further processed using a total variation regularization method to remove noise and artifacts introduced during the processing.

[0070] S7. Compare and analyze the thermal image obtained by real-time monitoring with the path map obtained by algorithm processing to obtain detailed and accurate test results;

[0071] By comparing thermal images and processed images at different times, the dynamic changes in the speed, direction and range of the water inrush path expansion during the pressurized water diversion process are analyzed.

[0072] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0073] According to the geological survey data of the mining area, the lithology, thickness and related parameters of each rock layer in the mining area, especially the characteristics of the bottom rock layer, are determined. Using these data, suitable similar materials are designed for proportioning. The similar materials in the experiment should not only simulate the mechanical properties of each rock layer, but also reflect the response characteristics of the rock layer in temperature changes.

[0074] In this embodiment, the original geological data of the similarity simulation test is obtained by analyzing the geological materials of a mine in Huainan. At the same time, in order to simulate fault water inrush through similarity tests, the prepared rock formations should meet a certain geometric similarity ratio.

[0075] Geometric similarity means that the spatial dimensions of the model and the prototype are in a certain ratio, and the formula is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, C1 is the geometric similarity ratio;

[0078] x', y', z' are the geometric dimensions of the prototype along the x, y, z directions, in cm;

[0079] x", y", z" are the geometric dimensions of the model along the x, y, z directions, in cm.

[0080] According to the effective size of the test bench used and the relative spatial position of the fault and aquifer under study, combined with the geometric similarity ratio of 1:100 obtained by the above formula, the model size of the test can be determined. Figure 2 As shown, based on the above-mentioned geometric similarity ratio of 1:100, the dimensions of each rock layer in the similar simulation test of this embodiment are obtained.

[0081] When laying the model, the water temperature and geological conditions of the mine were combined with the relevant requirements of the test. The overlying rock layer used similar simulation materials with hydrophilic properties, as shown in Table 1, and the bottom rock layer used similar simulation materials with non-hydrophilic fluid-solid coupling, as shown in Table 2:

[0082] Table 1

[0083]

[0084] Table 2

[0085]

[0086] In this process, exothermic materials are selected as the layering materials in the experiment. These materials release heat during chemical reactions, simulating the heat flow in the actual underground environment. By introducing exothermic materials into the experimental system, the generation of thermal anomalies can be accurately simulated in the water inrush experiment of the mining coal seam floor, providing reliable temperature change data for subsequent infrared thermal imaging monitoring.

[0087] After building a similar simulation experiment platform, select a suitable location to deploy the infrared thermal imager. The infrared thermal imager should be deployed in a location that can cover the entire mining area, faults, and possible water inrush paths. By setting a reasonable measurement range and resolution, it is ensured that the temperature changes of the water inrush path can be accurately monitored. In this embodiment, the resolution of the infrared thermal imager is 640×480 pixels.

[0088] During the mining process, the infrared thermal imager continuously scans the experimental area in a non-contact manner, collects temperature data in real time, and generates thermal images. The infrared thermal imager detects infrared radiation and converts it into electrical signals, which are displayed on the monitor to form intuitive thermal images. These images reflect the temperature distribution of the floor during the mining process, and the initial appearance of the water inrush path can be analyzed by locating the temperature anomaly area.

[0089] During the mining process, the occurrence of bottom water inrush is accompanied by the flow of pressurized water. When the water flows through the exothermic material, it will react chemically with it, releasing heat, thus causing abnormal temperature changes. By using an infrared thermal imager to monitor these temperature changes in real time, the formation of the water inrush path can be preliminarily identified.

[0090] Infrared thermal imagers generate continuous thermal image sequences at a frequency of seconds or minutes. Abnormal temperature changes will appear as temperature increases or decreases in local areas of the thermal image. By analyzing these continuous thermal images, the dynamic changes of the water inrush path can be further analyzed, including the direction and speed of path expansion.

[0091] like Figure 3 As shown, it is a comparison between the infrared thermal imager and the normal shooting after the excavation of the working face in a similar simulation test. It can be clearly seen in the figure that a high-temperature concentrated area appears near the fault. This is because the exothermic material in this area reacts strongly with water, indicating that a high-pressure water conduction path has been formed in this area, thereby realizing preliminary monitoring of the water conduction path.

[0092] After the sampling is completed, the measurement results of the infrared thermal imager are exported and the image data are processed using the TV-Retinex algorithm.

[0093] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for processing exported image data using the TV-Retinex algorithm. The method mainly includes two parts: data preprocessing and TV-Retinex algorithm processing, and the data preprocessing includes two parts: denoising and contrast enhancement.

[0094] First, the raw images exported from the infrared thermal imager are preprocessed, including denoising and contrast enhancement:

[0095] Noise removal: Use Gaussian filter to smooth the noise to ensure that the temperature change information in the image is more reliable.

[0096] Contrast enhancement: Use histogram equalization to adjust the brightness range of the image to make the temperature differences in the water inrush path more obvious.

[0097] Then, the preprocessed image is enhanced using the TV-Retinex algorithm, which combines the Retinex theory and the total variation (TV) regularization technique to highlight the local temperature anomaly areas in the thermal image and reduce the interference of illumination inhomogeneity on the visualization of the water inrush path.

[0098] Among them, Retinex theory: Use the Retinex model to perform illumination correction and color constancy processing on thermal images. Retinex theory separates the illumination component and the reflection component in the image, so that the subtle temperature changes in the water burst path can be highlighted. As a result of illumination correction, the high-temperature area in the water burst path will be more obvious than the surrounding background, which is convenient for observation and analysis.

[0099] Retinex theory believes that an image can be represented as the product of a reflectance map and an illumination map:

[0100] S(x,y)=R(x,y)·L(x,y)

[0101] Among them, S(x,y) represents the pixel value of the point (x,y) in the image;

[0102] R(x,y) is the reflectivity map, which represents the inherent temperature characteristics of the object surface;

[0103] L(x,y) is the light map, which shows the effect of light on the object.

[0104] Convert the multiplicative relationship to additive form by logarithmic transformation:

[0105] log(S(x,y))=log(R(x,y))+log(L(x,y))

[0106] The problem then becomes separating log(R(x,y)) and log(L(x,y)) from log(S(x,y)).

[0107] Total variation (TV) regularization: The image is further processed by TV regularization to remove noise and artifacts that may be introduced during the processing. TV regularization can maintain the edge structure of the image and the clear boundaries of the water inrush path, avoiding the destruction of the path details when enhancing the image contrast.

[0108] Its expression is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] in, is the image gradient; S represents the image function value at the point (x, y) in the image.

[0111] The goal of TV regularization is to make the boundary of the water inrush path clearer by minimizing the image gradient.

[0112] TV-Retinex comprehensive processing: The TV-Retinex algorithm combines the advantages of Retinex and TV regularization.

[0113] Its objective function is:

[0114]

[0115] in, represents the gradient of the reflectivity map, that is, the rate of change of zero degrees in the image; S represents the image function value of the point (x, y) in the image; R is the reflectivity map, which represents the inherent temperature characteristics of the object surface; L is the illumination map, which represents the influence of illumination on the object; λ is the weight parameter that controls the balance between total variation regularization and data fidelity terms.

[0116] The TV-Retinex algorithm achieves the goal of suppressing noise and highlighting the edge and detail information in the reflectivity image by minimizing the objective function.

[0117] The temperature images derived from the infrared thermal imager have been greatly improved through the TV-Retinex algorithm, especially the details of the floor water inrush path are more obvious. The temperature abnormality area is highlighted, which helps to quickly and accurately identify the water inrush path in a complex environment and provides strong support for mine water hazard prevention and control.

[0118] By comparing thermal images and processed images at different times, the dynamic changes of the water inrush path are analyzed, especially the speed, direction and range of path expansion during the pressure water diversion process. Real-time monitoring data can reflect the latest status of water inrush, while algorithm-processed images provide clearer and more detailed path information.

Claims

1. A method for identifying and monitoring water source rise paths of sudden flood disasters based on similar simulation tests, characterized in that: include: S1. Collect mining area data, determine the lithology and laying thickness of each rock layer in the mining area, and make similar material proportions for the determined rock layers; S2. Use exothermic materials as layering materials in similar simulation tests; S3. Use the mining coal seam floor water inrush similarity simulation test system to lay the test materials and build a similar simulation test environment; S4. Deploy infrared thermal imagers to measure infrared heat of the target; S5. During the mining process, infrared thermal imagers are used to obtain real-time thermal images and temperature values, so as to conduct preliminary identification and monitoring of the water inrush path; S6. After the mining is completed, the measurement results are exported, the measurement data are obtained and analyzed, and the water inrush path is obtained; S7. Compare and analyze the thermal image obtained by real-time monitoring with the path map obtained through algorithm processing to obtain detailed and accurate test results.

2. The method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on similar simulation test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S4, an infrared thermal imager is deployed to measure the infrared heat of the target, specifically: S4.

1. Place infrared thermal imagers at locations that can cover the mining impact area, fault areas, and possible water inrush paths; S4.

2. Set the measurement range and resolution of the infrared thermal imager to ensure that it can monitor changes in local temperature during mining.

3. The method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on similar simulation test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S5 specifically includes: S5.

1. During the mining process, the infrared thermal imager is used to monitor the test in real time, and the real-time thermal image and temperature value are obtained through its built-in conversion function; S5.

2. Real-time analysis of thermal images can realize visual monitoring of the bottom plate water inrush path formed during the high-pressure water conduction process.

4. The method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on similar simulation test according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The S5.1 specifically includes: S5.

11. The infrared thermal imager continuously scans the mining area to collect temperature data of the area in real time; S5.

12. Infrared thermal imagers detect infrared energy without contact and convert it into electrical signals, thereby generating visual thermal images and temperature values ​​on a display.

5. The method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on similar simulation test according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The S5.2 specifically includes: S5.

21. In thermal images, high-pressure water flow reacts chemically with the components in the exothermic material to release heat energy, which in turn causes local temperature anomalies. By identifying areas where the temperature rises or drops rapidly and analyzing the movement trajectory of the water flow, the water inrush path gradually appears in the thermal image. S5.

22. Generate a continuous sequence of thermal images at a set frequency for real-time monitoring. By comparing thermal images at different times, analyze the dynamic process of temperature change. The expansion and direction of the water inrush path are manifested in the image as the displacement and diffusion of the temperature anomaly area.

6. The method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on similar simulation test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: S6.

1. After the mining is completed, the measurement results in the infrared thermal imager storage system are exported to obtain the measurement data; S6.

2. Use the TV-Retinex algorithm to process the exported image data to obtain the specific water inrush path.

7. The method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on similar simulation test according to claim 6 is characterized in that: S6.2 processes the exported image data using the TV-Retinex algorithm, specifically: S6.

21. Preprocessing of original image data: Noise removal, using Gaussian filtering or median filtering techniques to remove image noise and eliminate random temperature changes that may affect path identification; Contrast enhancement: adjust the image contrast through histogram equalization to enhance the overall visibility of the image and make the water inrush path more obvious in the image; S6.

22. Use the TV-Retinex algorithm and combine the Retinex theory and total variation regularization technology to enhance the preprocessed image: Use the Retinex theoretical model to perform illumination correction and color constancy processing on thermal images; The images are further processed using a total variation regularization method to remove noise and artifacts introduced during the processing.

8. The method for identifying and monitoring the water source rise path of a sudden flood disaster based on similar simulation test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S7 is specifically: By comparing thermal images and processed images at different times, the dynamic changes in the speed, direction and range of the water inrush path expansion during the pressurized water diversion process are analyzed.

Images