Ultra-precise deviation correction sensor

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-precise deviation correction sensor, and belongs to the field of medium-high temperature solar heat utilization or tracking type photovoltaic power generation or solar thermal power generation. The device is composed of a slit light collector, a U-shaped groove and other parts. An extremely weak deviation signal can be converted into a strong signal through an optical or electric multi-stage amplifier, and the strong signal is transmitted to a control system of the automatic sun tracking machine, so that an extremely small tracking error is corrected in time, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved to the maximum extent. The system has the advantages of high sensitivity, high reliability, ultra-precise sun tracking higher than general accuracy and the like.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tracking solar energy medium- and high-temperature utilization or photothermal or photovoltaic power generation. Background technology:

[0002] In the fields of utilizing solar energy to generate medium to high temperature heat, or solar thermal power generation or tracking photovoltaic power generation, automatic sun-following machines are needed to transport solar products. Due to various factors such as gear clearance errors in the sun-following machine, or the azimuth axis is not installed completely perpendicular to the ground plane, the automatic sun-following machine will inevitably produce errors, causing the focal spot to deviate from the target, greatly reducing the utilization rate of light and heat or the amount of photovoltaic power generation, so an automatic correction device is necessary.

[0003] In order to enable the controller of the following aircraft to sense the occurrence and direction of the deviation so as to correct it in time, a sensor is necessary. The sensors currently used are mostly four-quadrant method or shadow tracking method, which have large errors, are very insensitive, and have poor reliability, resulting in tracking errors. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The present invention is to invent an ultra-precise deviation correction sensor with very high accuracy, sensitivity and reliability, so that the controller of the automatic sun-following machine can correct the tracking error in time, especially the extremely small tracking error, so as to greatly improve the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by the following scheme:

[0006] 1. An ultra-precise deviation correction sensor, comprising a light-collecting slit, a U-shaped groove, a sunshade and a frame, or further comprising a dust cover, or further comprising an optical signal amplifier, or further comprising an electrical signal amplifier, wherein the sensor is special in that:

[0007] A. The light collecting slit is a slit formed by two mutually parallel vertical reflective plates with reflective surfaces facing each other, which sandwiches the reflective surfaces of two inclined reflective plates face to face in the slit, the two inclined reflective plates form a "V" shape, and are fixedly connected to the two vertical reflective plates, and the two inclined reflective plates forming the "V" shape do not touch each other at the lower part of the "V" shape to form a lower opening;

[0008] B. The U-shaped groove is vertically placed on the upper side of the light collecting slit. The three lower sides of the three plate surfaces of the U-shaped groove are directly or indirectly corresponding to and fixedly connected with the three sides of the upper opening of the light collecting slit. The opening of the U-shaped groove is a window of the slit light collector through which the oblique incident light can enter.

[0009] C. The three sides of the sun visor and the upper opening of the U-shaped vertical groove correspond to each other and are fixedly connected;

[0010] D. The cavity formed by the light collecting slit, the U-shaped groove and the sunshade is called a slit light collector, and the opening of the U-shaped groove is called a window of the slit light collector;

[0011] E. The frame is composed of a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate and a bottom plate, or also includes two left and right side vertical plates and an upper top plate, each plate surface is fixedly connected to the corresponding plate surface of the slit light collector, and it is a carrier of the slit light collector. A slit light collector plus its carrier, i.e., a frame, is called a slit light collector unit;

[0012] F. The solar cell is a single-sided or double-sided solar cell. The four sides of the solar cell are fixedly connected to the four sides of the lower opening of the light collecting slit respectively. The power generation surface of the single-sided cell faces the upper opening of the light collecting slit; the two power generation surfaces of the double-sided cell, one facing upward and the other facing downward. Two wires of each power generation surface of the solar cell extend out of the frame and are electrically connected to the controller of the automatic tracking machine.

[0013] 2. The dust cover is a transparent cover plate installed on the upper edge of the slit of the slit light collector.

[0014] 3. The frame may carry only one slit light collector unit, constituting a unidirectional deflection correction sensor; or may carry two symmetrically mounted slit light collector units, with one window of the two slit light collectors facing the other window, which is called a bidirectional deflection correction sensor; or may carry multiple units, with an even number of slit light collector units symmetrically mounted in the positive and negative directions, which is called a signal amplification bidirectional deflection correction sensor.

[0015] 4. The signal amplifying bidirectional deflection correction sensor is either an optical signal amplifying bidirectional deflection correction sensor, referred to as an optical amplifying sensor, or an electrical signal amplifying bidirectional deflection correction sensor, referred to as an electrical amplifying sensor.

[0016] 5. The light amplifying sensor is composed of three or more slit light collector units in each direction, one of which is equipped with a solar cell, and the other two or more are not equipped with solar cells. Instead, a light inlet of an optical fiber bundle is installed at the lower edge of the inclined reflector of the slit light collector, and the light outlet of the optical fiber bundle faces the solar cell installed at the lower edge of the slit light collector equipped with the solar cell, and the power generation surface of the solar cell is downward.

[0017] 6. The electric amplification sensor is composed of two or more slit light collector units in each direction. A solar cell is installed at the lower edge of each slit light collector unit. The positive and negative electrodes of each of the two or more solar cells in the same direction are either connected in series with wires for voltage signal amplification or connected in parallel with wires for current signal amplification. Description of the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is the main cross-sectional view of the dual-unit, bidirectional, ultra-precise web-correcting sensor.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Left side cross-sectional view.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top sectional view of .

[0021] Figure 4 This is the main cross-sectional view of the 6-unit optical amplification bidirectional ultra-precision deflection correction sensor.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A top sectional view of .

[0023] Figure 6 This is the main cross-sectional view of the 6-unit electrically amplified bidirectional ultra-precise deflection correction sensor. Specific implementation method:

[0024] exist Figure 1 In the figure, 1 is the protective glass of the solar cell; 2 is the solar cell, which is installed on Figure 2 The lower opening formed by the inclined reflectors 9 and 11 is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 2 and 3 are vents to cool the solar cells; 4 is a vertical reflector forming a slit; 5 is a reflective surface; 6 is a slit; 7 is a U-shaped groove and its window; 8 is a sunshade. Figure 2 It can prevent the light perpendicular to the dustproof plate, that is, the light perpendicularly incident on the lighting surface of the solar energy utilization device carried by the follower from entering the solar cell in the slit, and not send a signal to the follower controller, so that the converging light beam of the condenser is exactly aimed at the target; 9 is the front inclined reflector; 10 is the dust cover; 11 is the rear inclined reflector; 12 is the bottom plate; 13 is the boss to carry the inclined reflectors 9 and 11 and the supporting glass 1, Figure 1 15 and 16 are wires electrically connected by the positive and negative electrodes of the two solar panels in the left and right slits, respectively, and are used to send signals of tracking deviations in different directions to the Japanese machine controller so as to correct the deviations; 14 is the top partition of the frame; 17 is the front vertical plate; 18 is the rear vertical plate; parts 12, 13, 14 and 17 and 18 may also include Figure 1 The two outermost side plates together constitute the carrier or frame of the slit light collector.

[0025] Figure 1The light E in the figure is the incident light that is deflected to the left and hits the solar cell in the slit. Then the solar cell generates an electrical signal and transmits it to the sun-following machine controller. The controller makes the driving motor move forward or backward quickly so that the solar energy utilization device, such as a condenser, can focus the light spot on the target. The incident light F that is deflected to the right and hits the right slit can also make the solar cell in the right slit send a signal to the sun-following machine controller to correct the deviation and aim at the target.

[0026] Figure 4 Yes Yes Figure 5 The HH main view is also the main view of the 6-unit optical amplification bidirectional ultra-precision correction sensor. It can amplify the extremely weak signal of the oblique incident light that deviates very slightly from the vertical incident light and transmit it to the tracking controller to correct the tracking deviation, so it is called ultra-precision.

[0027] exist Figure 4 In the figure, 1 is a vertical reflective surface, 2 is a vertical reflector and a slit constituting a slit, 3 is a left oblique incident light deviating from the vertical incident light, after entering the slit, it is reflected multiple times by two oblique reflectors 20 and two vertical reflectors 2, and finally falls on the light inlet port 23 of the optical fiber bundle 22, and is collected by the optical fiber bundle 22, and is transmitted to the light emitter 17 by the optical fiber bundle 22 with almost no energy loss, and the light emitter 17 emits the light beam to the solar cell with the power generation surface facing downward, for example, the solar cell 12 bonded under the glass plate 13 carrying the solar cell, and 4 is a transparent dust cover, which is located at the opening of the slit 2. 5 is a sunshade, which is used to prevent the light vertically incident on the sunshade 5 from entering the slit, that is, not to send a signal to the follower, so that the focusing mirror carried by the follower keeps the focused light spot aligned with the target, that is, the opening light collection surface of the focusing mirror and the incident sunlight continue to be vertically incident. 6 is the top plate of the frame; 7 is a U-shaped vertical groove, which is fixedly connected to the upper edges of the three plates of the rectangular slit, forming a window for oblique light to enter the slit. 3' is right oblique incident light, and only right oblique incident light can enter the three slit light collector units on the right. The signals sent by these three units to the follow-up controller are in opposite directions of positive and negative, and the follow-up controller can correct deviations in both the forward and reverse directions.

[0028] Figure 48 is a passage for cooling the solar cells opened on the front or rear vertical plate of the frame, which is also the outlet of the power transmission wires 14 and 15 of the solar cells; 9 and 2 are two side vertical plates of the ultra-precision correction sensor frame, and are also vertical reflectors of the slits. 22 on the right is also an optical fiber bundle; 10 and 18 are power transmission wires for the other electrode of the solar cell; 11 is the base plate; 12 is the solar cell with its power generation side facing downward; 13 is the glass plate that supports the upper and lower solar cells; 14 and 15 are both power transmission wires connected to the electrodes of different solar cells; 16 is the solar cell with its power generation side facing upward; 17 is a light emitter, through which the light beam transmitted by the optical fiber bundle is emitted into the solar cell with its power generation side facing downward; 18 is also a power transmission wire; 19 is the optical fiber bundle in the second unit from left to right, which combines the light beam emitted by the second slit collector and the light beam collected from the first unit and transmits them to the light emitter, and then to the solar cell with its power generation side facing downward, so that the extremely weak signal of oblique incident light that has a very small deviation from the vertical incident light, that is, the weak light that cannot enable the solar cell to generate electricity, can be converted into a correction signal that can enable the solar cell to emit. The figure shows that the faint light from two units is collected. Of course, the faint light from any number of slit collector units can also be collected, so that extremely small deviations from the day-flight machine can be corrected in time, that is, ultra-precise deviation correction.

[0029] Figure 4 20 is an inclined reflector, and two inclined reflectors in a slit are installed symmetrically with each other, and the lower parts do not touch each other, forming a lower opening, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in parts 9 and 11 in FIG. The lower openings of the first and second units, as well as the fifth and sixth units from left to right, are all empty openings so that the collected light beam can be directed downward into the light inlet of the optical fiber. 21 is a ventilation hole for cooling the solar cell and the optical fiber, and is also the outlet of the solar cell power transmission wire. 23 is the light inlet of the optical fiber.

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A top view of the GG cross section. Figure 5 23 is the light inlet of the optical fiber bundle. 24 is the boss of the frame, which is the support member of the solar panel and the inclined reflector, i.e., the carrier. 25 is the front stand of the frame, and 26 is the rear stand of the frame. Figure 4 Items with the same number have the same meaning.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a bidirectional deviation correction sensor with electrical signal amplification. Figure 61 is a vertical reflective surface; 2 is a slit; 3 is a left oblique light; 4 is a dust cover; 5 is a left vertical plate of the frame, which overlaps with the bottom plate of the U-shaped groove and a vertical reflector; 6 is a sunshade, which is used to separate the vertical incident light from the oblique incident light; 7 is the upper top plate of the frame; 8 is a U-shaped groove; 9 is a right oblique light, which and the left oblique light 3 both send different correction signals to the Japanese machine controller in the direction of rotation or in the reverse direction; 10 is the front vertical plate of the frame (equivalent to Figure 5 The ventilation holes on the front vertical plate 25 in the figure are also the inlet and outlet of the power transmission wires of the two solar cells on the left and right sides; 11 is the right vertical plate of the frame, which is the same as the overlap of the three parts of the left vertical plate 5 of the frame; 12 is the inclined reflector located in the front, which is symmetrically installed with the inclined reflector located in the back (equivalent to Figure 2 Parts 9 and 11 in the figure constitute the lower opening; 13 is the transmission line of the solar cells on the three right units; 14 is the bottom plate of the frame; 15 is the supporting glass of the solar cell 19; 16 and 17 are the respective transmission lines of the solar cells of the three right units and the three left units. By connecting the solar cells of the three right units in series, the voltage of the very weak right oblique light correction signal can be amplified, so that the controller of the follower can send a signal to the drive motor to correct the deviation, which is ultra-precise correction. Similarly, connecting the solar cells of the three left units in series is also to prevent the tracking error from increasing, but to correct it immediately even if an extremely small tracking error occurs, so that, for example, the focusing spot of the concentrator carried by the follower is always aimed at the target to maintain the highest solar energy utilization rate.

[0032] Figure 6 18 is a boss on the frame, which is a support for the solar panel (as Figure 5 19 is a solar cell, 15 is its carrier, i.e., glass; 20 is also a power transmission line; 21 is also a ventilation hole.

[0033] As the main view of the electrically amplified sensor Figure 6 and the main view as a light amplifying sensor Figure 4 Basically the same, if the top view of the former is drawn, it will be the same as Figure 5 It is basically the same, the only difference is that the light amplification sensor is viewed from above Figure 5 The 4 concentric circles on the top are replaced with 4 solar cells, and the light amplifying sensor is placed on the main Figure 4 The optical fiber bundle is replaced with a series circuit transmission line, so in order to avoid being long-winded, the main view of the electric amplification sensor Figure 6 In addition, the side cross-sectional view of both the electric amplification sensor and the optical amplification sensor only needs to cut through one slit light collector unit, so the side cross-sectional view and the attached Figure 2They are identical because both of them contain solar cells in their units, so their side cross-sectional views do not need to be drawn repeatedly.

[0034] The electric amplification sensor eliminates the optical fiber and is replaced by a series or parallel circuit, which is relatively simple. However, when the oblique light with a very small angle to the vertical incident light enters the slit, the solar cell may not generate an electrical signal, while the optical fiber can collect the light signal and concentrate the weak light on a solar cell without energy loss, thus generating an electrical signal to correct the small error of the control unit. In other words, the optical amplification sensor may be more accurate than the electric amplification sensor.

[0035] According to the claims of the present invention, more embodiments may be listed, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0036] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0037] 1. The invention of the slit light collector, which can separate vertical incident light from slightly oblique incident light, makes it possible to correct the tracking error with Japanese aircraft;

[0038] 2. It can collect the ultra-micro inclined incident light with an extremely small angle to the vertical incident light to form an ultra-precise correction sensor;

[0039] 3. As long as the horizontal plane of the dust cover of each slit light collector unit of the present invention and the light collecting plane of the condenser carried by the sun-following aircraft are adjusted to be extremely parallel during installation, the tracking accuracy of the sun-following aircraft can be greatly improved by the present invention;

[0040] 4. It can collect extremely weak rows of oblique incident light in the same direction and concentrate them with any number of optical signal amplifiers or electrical signal amplifiers, so that the controller of the tracking machine can sense the existence of deviation and the direction of deviation so as to correct it immediately;

[0041] 5. Make the sensitivity and reliability of correcting errors with Japanese aircraft very high;

[0042] 6. Simple structure and low cost.

Claims

1. An ultra-precise deviation correction sensor, comprising a light-collecting slit, a U-shaped groove, a sunshade and a frame, or further comprising a dust cover, or further comprising an optical signal amplifier, or further comprising an electrical signal amplifier, wherein: A. The light collecting slit is a slit formed by two mutually parallel vertical reflective plates with reflective surfaces facing each other, which sandwiches the reflective surfaces of two inclined reflective plates in a face-to-face manner in the slit, and the two inclined reflective plates form a "V" shape, which are fixedly connected to the two vertical reflective plates, and the two inclined reflective plates forming the "V" shape do not touch each other at the lower part of the "V" shape to form a lower opening; B. The "U"-shaped groove is vertically erected on the upper side of the light-collecting slit. The three lower sides of the three plate surfaces of the U-shaped groove are directly or indirectly corresponding to and fixedly connected with the three sides of the upper opening of the light-collecting slit. The opening of the U-shaped groove is a window of the slit light collector through which the oblique incident light can enter. C. The three sides of the sun visor and the upper opening of the U-shaped vertical groove correspond to each other and are fixedly connected; D. The cavity formed by the light collecting slit, the U-shaped groove and the sunshade is called a slit light collector, and the opening of the U-shaped groove is called a window of the slit light collector; E. The frame is composed of a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate and a bottom plate, or also includes two left and right side vertical plates and an upper top plate, each plate surface is fixedly connected to the corresponding plate surface of the slit light collector, and it is a carrier of the slit light collector. A slit light collector plus its carrier, i.e., a frame, is called a slit light collector unit; F. The solar cell is a single-sided or double-sided solar cell, the four sides of the solar cell are respectively fixedly connected to the four sides of the lower opening of the light collecting slit, and the power generation surface of the single-sided cell faces the upper opening of the light collecting slit; The two power generation surfaces of the bifacial cell are one facing upward and the other facing downward. Two wires of each power generation surface of the solar cell extend out of the frame and are electrically connected to the controller of the automatic tracking machine.

2. The ultra-precision deviation correction sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dust cover is a transparent cover plate installed on the upper edge of the slit of the slit light collector.

3. The ultra-precision deviation correction sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frame may carry only one slit light collector unit, constituting a unidirectional deflection correction sensor; or carry two symmetrically mounted slit light collector units, with one window of the two slit light collectors facing the other window, which is called a bidirectional deflection correction sensor; or carry multiple units, an even number of slit light collector units symmetrically mounted in the positive and negative directions, which is called a signal amplification bidirectional deflection correction sensor.

4. The ultra-precision deviation correction sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal amplifying bidirectional deflection correction sensor is either an optical signal amplifying bidirectional deflection correction sensor, referred to as an optical amplifying sensor, or an electrical signal amplifying bidirectional deflection correction sensor, referred to as an electrical amplifying sensor.

5. The ultra-precision deviation correction sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light amplifying sensor is composed of three or more slit light collector units in each direction, one of which is equipped with a solar cell, and the other two or more are not equipped with solar cells. Instead, a light inlet of an optical fiber bundle is installed at the lower edge of the inclined reflector of the slit light collector, and the light outlet of the optical fiber bundle faces the solar cell installed at the lower edge of the slit light collector equipped with the solar cell, and the power generation surface of the solar cell is downward.

6. The ultra-precision deviation correction sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electric amplification sensor is composed of two or more slit light collector units in each direction. A solar cell is installed at the lower edge of each slit light collector unit. The positive and negative electrodes of each of the two or more solar cells in the same direction are either connected in series with wires for voltage signal amplification, or connected in parallel with wires for current signal amplification.

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