Design method for optimizing double curved surfaces of building curtain wall into single curved surfaces

Abstract

The invention provides a design method for optimizing a double curved surface of a building curtain wall into a single curved surface, which solves the problem that the double curved surface design of the building curtain wall is difficult to quickly and efficiently optimize into the single curved surface, and adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps of: picking up the curved surface, acquiring a double curved surface model by utilizing Rhino software, loading a Surface arithmetic unit into Grasshopper software, and calculating the single curved surface by utilizing the Surface arithmetic unit. Secondly, all curved surfaces are selected in a Rhino interface in a frame mode, a vehicle is turned back, all curved surface models in Rhino can be imported into Grasshopper, the curved surfaces are parameterized again, the unitization range of the curved surfaces is adjusted to be 0-1, and follow-up curved surface division calculation is facilitated; solving all Arc curves by utilizing an exhaustion method; comparing results by using a least square method; constructing a single curved cylindrical surface; and comparing results before and after optimization. According to the method, the design efficiency is improved, optimization parameters are unified, optimization results are compared, controllability and adjustability are achieved, a strategy is better implemented, systematic optimization is conducted on the whole design of the double curved surfaces of the curtain wall, and therefore higher efficiency and quality guarantee are brought to design and manufacturing of the curtain wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building curtain wall design, in particular to a design method for optimizing a hyperbolic surface of a building curtain wall into a single curved surface. Background Art

[0002] Building curtain walls are an important part of modern building design, usually made of modern materials such as tempered glass and aluminum alloy. However, the design, manufacture and installation of curtain walls require a lot of manpower, material resources and technical investment, and the building form is changeable, the hyperbolic structure of the building curtain wall is complex, and the design is difficult and complex. Its disadvantages are: 1. Optical distortion: Due to the irregularity of the hyperbolic surface, the reflected light becomes very complex, which can easily cause optical distortion, resulting in poor viewing experience and even affecting the accuracy of vision; 2. Difficult installation: Due to the curvature and irregularity of the hyperbolic surface, its installation requires higher requirements on workers, more complex construction technology and higher precision installation, which increases the difficulty and cost of installation; 3. Difficulty in maintenance: Due to the irregular shape of the hyperbolic surface and the large change in curvature, the maintenance and upkeep after construction is more difficult, and it is difficult to ensure the cleaning and maintenance of the curtain wall; 4. Poor weather resistance: Due to the difficulty in selecting and processing hyperbolic materials, the workmanship quality requirements are relatively high. Once the hyperbolic material is aged, deformed, cracked, etc., it is difficult to repair, which affects the life and use effect of the curtain wall. In short, the technology of using hyperbolic surfaces in curtain walls has the above defects and deficiencies, and continuous technical improvements and improvements are needed to overcome these problems.

[0003] With the development of the curtain wall industry, the technology of optimizing hyperbolic surfaces with single curves has gradually become an important means in curtain wall design and has been widely used. The technology of optimizing hyperbolic surfaces with single curves is mainly used in the field of curtain wall design. The development background of the technology of optimizing hyperbolic surfaces with single curves is the rapid development of the construction engineering and curtain wall industries. This technology is based on the finite element method and comprehensively uses a variety of scientific and technological means such as multiple optimization algorithms, computer-aided design tools, fluid dynamics analysis, and three-dimensional imaging technology. The existing method of optimizing hyperbolic surfaces into single curved surfaces is inefficient. The patent document with announcement number CN 11008423B discloses an optimization design method for hyperbolic curtain walls, which can only optimize a single curved surface. When there is batch optimization data in the model, it will take a lot of time to process the optimization work. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for optimizing the hyperbolic surface of a building curtain wall into a single curved surface, which solves the problem that it is difficult to quickly and efficiently optimize the hyperbolic surface design of a building curtain wall into a single curved surface. The method systematically optimizes the entire design of the curtain wall hyperbolic surface, thereby bringing higher efficiency and quality assurance to the curtain wall design and manufacturing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a design method for optimizing a double-curved surface of a building curtain wall into a single-curved surface, comprising the following steps: S1: Pick up the surface, use Rhino software to obtain the hyperbolic surface model, load the Surface (Srf) operator in Grasshopper software, then select all the surfaces in the Rhino interface and press Enter to import all the surface models in Rhino into Grasshopper, then use the "Reparameterize" command to reparameterize the surface and adjust the surface unit range to 0~1 to facilitate subsequent surface division calculations.

[0006] S2: Use the exhaustive method to find all Arc curves. Use the populate Geometry operator to randomly select multiple points on the surface. Use the surface Closet point and Evaluatesuface operators to find the working plane of the perpendicular surface for each point through the selected points and the original surface. Rotate this working plane along the normal working plane of the corresponding point, and create a working plane every 2 degrees. Pass the newly created working plane through the Curve|plane (PCX) operator, and use the working plane to intersect with the edge of the hyperbolic surface to get two intersection points for each working plane. These two intersection points plus the working plane reference point total 3 points. Use the Arc 3Pt (Arc) operator to draw an arc at three points to find the arc line required to form a single curved surface.

[0007] S3: Use the least squares method to compare the results. The Deconstruct Arc operator can obtain the center point work plane B and the radius length R of the arc required to form the arc according to the Arc arc line at the input end; use the center point work plane through the Plane Coordinates operator to find the four corner points of the quadrilateral hyperboloid. These four corner points are projected onto the Arc arc work plane to get the relative X and Y distances. The trigonometric function Sqrt (X²+Y²) is used to find the observation values ​​of the four corner points R1, R2, R3, and R4. Use the least squares method and the Expression operator function formula (Sqrt (X²+Y²)-R)² to find the fitting function when the objective function is minimized. Sort the errors of each set of data and pick out the Arc arc curve with the smallest error required to fit the hyperboloid.

[0008] S4: Construct a single-curved cylinder. Using the Arc line with the smallest error, the Deconstruct Arc operator can obtain the center point work plane B and the radius length R of the arc required to form the arc. The circle operator is used to draw a circle C with B as the center and R as the radius. The Plane Coordinates operator is used to calculate the maximum and minimum distances from the four corner points of the hyperboloid to the Z axis of the plane. The move operator is used to move circle C to the extreme positions at both ends of the hyperboloid. The Loft operator is used to build a single-curved cylinder. The Pull Curve operator is used to project the edge of the hyperboloid onto the single-curved cylinder. The Surface Split operator is used to split the single-curved surface into the final required single-curved cylinder according to the edge of the hyperboloid.

[0009] S5: Compare the results before and after optimization. Select the corner points of the surface before and after fitting respectively. Analyze the errors of the four corner points through the distance operator, analyze the maximum error of each edge line, and select the single surface that can be optimized within a reasonable error range.

[0010] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes the Rhino software environment to adopt the design method of the present invention, and has the advantages of: 1. Improve design efficiency: Through batch optimization, multiple hyperbolic surfaces can be optimized at the same time, which helps to improve the efficiency of design and manufacturing and save time and labor costs; 2. Unified optimization parameters: Batch optimization can ensure that the same optimization parameters and rules are applied to a group of hyperbolic surfaces, thereby achieving consistency and uniformity, ensuring the coordination and integrity of the design; 3. Comparison of optimization results: Batch processing allows users to compare the optimization results of different hyperboloids, so that the best solution can be selected and provide reference for further design decisions; 4. Controllability and adjustability: Batch optimization allows users to easily adjust optimization parameters and explore different design options, while making subsequent modifications and adjustments more convenient; 5. Better implementation strategy: Batch optimization can help designers develop more reasonable design strategies and better grasp the direction and goals of the overall design by optimizing multiple hyperbolic surfaces.

[0011] In general, the advantages of hyperbolic batch optimization include improved design efficiency, unified optimization parameters, comparison of optimization results, controllability and adjustability, and better implementation strategies. These advantages make batch optimization an important tool in the design and manufacturing process, and can better meet the needs of complex design and optimization. It can be suitable for building curtain walls to quickly and efficiently optimize the hyperbolic design into a single surface. It systematically optimizes the entire design of the curtain wall hyperbolic surface, thereby bringing higher efficiency and quality assurance to curtain wall design and manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 is a working plane diagram of an original curved surface of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a working plane diagram of a vertical curved surface of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a working plane diagram of the exhaustive method of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a working plane diagram of multiple possible ARC curves of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a working plane diagram of an ARC curve of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a function working plane diagram used in the least square method of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a working plane diagram of an ARC curve with the smallest error in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a working plane diagram of a single-curved cylindrical arc line of an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a working plane diagram of the extreme positions of the cylindrical surface formed in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 is a working plane diagram of an integral single-curved cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 is a working plane diagram of a trimming curve according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 is a working plane diagram of a fitted single-curved cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 is a working plane diagram of the comparison results of an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a display diagram of Project 1 used in the present invention; Fig.15 It is a display diagram of Project 2 used in the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] according to Figure 1-15The specific content of the present invention is described in detail. A design method for optimizing a double-curved surface of a building curtain wall into a single-curved surface is used for application design using Rhino software and Grasshopper software. The following steps are involved: S1: Pick Surface Use Rhino software to obtain the hyperbolic surface model, load the Surface (Srf) operator in Grasshopper, right-click the operator, select the "Set Multiple Surfaces" command in the pop-up menu, then select all the surfaces in the Rhino interface and press Enter to import all the surface models in Rhino into Grasshopper, then use the "Reparameterize" command to reparameterize the surface and adjust the surface unit range to 0~1 to facilitate subsequent surface division calculations, such as Figure 1 The screen interface shown is shown.

[0015] S2: Use the exhaustive method to find all the Arc curves Through the populate geometry operator, a number of points are randomly selected on the surface. The more points are selected, the more accurate the fitting accuracy will be. Through the selected points and the original surface, the surface closet point and the evaluate surface operator are combined to find the working plane of the vertical surface of each point, such as Figure 2 The screen interface shown in the figure rotates the work plane along the normal work plane of the corresponding point, creating a work plane every 2 degrees, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 The screen interface is shown. The newly created work plane is passed through the Curve|plane (PCX) operator. The work plane is intersected with the edge of the hyperboloid. Each work plane will get two intersection points. These two intersection points plus the work plane reference point are used to draw an arc using the Arc 3Pt (Arc) operator to find the arc line required to form a single curved surface, as shown below: Figure 4 The screen interface shown is shown.

[0016] S3: Compare the results using the least squares method Next, the Deconstruct Arc operator can obtain the center point work plane B and the radius length R of the arc required to form the arc according to the Arc arc line at the input end, such as Figure 5The screen interface shown is shown; the four corner points of the quadrilateral hyperboloid are obtained by using the Plane Coordinates operator using the work plane of the circle center. The four corner points are projected onto the Arc work plane to obtain the relative distances of X and Y. The observation values ​​of the four corner points R1, R2, R3, and R4 are obtained by using the trigonometric function Sqrt (X²+Y²). The fitting function when the objective function is minimized is obtained by using the least squares method and the Expression operator function formula (Sqrt (X²+Y²)-R)², as shown below: Figure 6 The screen interface shown in the figure uses Sortlist to sort the errors of each set of data and select the Arc curve required for fitting the hyperbolic surface with the smallest error, such as Figure 7 The screen interface shown is shown.

[0017] Among them, the principle of the least squares method and the problem to be solved. The least squares method was discovered by Legendre in the 19th century and is in the following form: scalar function = ∑ (observed value - theoretical value) 2 ; The observed values ​​are our multiple sets of patterns, and the theoretical values ​​are our hypothesized fitting functions. The objective function is also called the loss function in machine learning. Our goal is to obtain a model of the fitting function that minimizes the objective function. Let's take a simple example of linear regression. For example, we have m samples with only one feature: (x i ,y i )(i=1,2,3...,m), the sample adopts the general h θ (x) is the n-order polynomial fitting, h θ (x)= θ0+θ1+θ2x 2 +…θ n x n ,(θ0,θ1,θ2,…,θ n ) is the parameter The least squares method is to find a set of θ (θ0, θ1, θ2, ..., θ n ), so that (Residual sum of squares) is minimum, that is, find min

[0018] S4: Constructing a single-curved cylinder By selecting the Arc line with the smallest error, the Deconstruct Arc operator can be used to obtain the center point work plane B and the radius length R of the arc required to form the arc, and the circle operator can be used to draw a circle C with B as the center and R as the radius, such as Figure 8The screen interface is shown. The maximum and minimum distances from the four corners of the hyperboloid to the plane Z axis are calculated using the Plane Coordinates operator. Using the move operator, circle C is moved to the extreme positions of the two ends of the hyperboloid, as shown in the figure. Fig. 9 The screen interface shown in the figure is shown in the figure. The single curved cylinder is created using the Loft operator, as shown in the figure. Fig.10 The screen interface is shown in the figure. The edge of the hyperbolic surface is projected onto the single curved cylinder through the Pull Curve operator, as shown in Fig.11 The screen interface shown in the figure is shown in the figure. Use the Surface Split operator to split the single curved surface into the final required single curved cylinder according to the edge of the hyperbolic surface, as shown in the figure. Fig.12 The screen interface shown is shown.

[0019] S5: Comparison of results before and after optimization Select the corner points of the surface before and after fitting respectively, and analyze the errors of the four corner points through the distance operator, such as Fig.13 The screen interface shown in the figure analyzes the maximum error of each edge line through curve distance, such as Fig.13 The screen interface shown selects a single curved surface that can be optimized within a reasonable error range.

[0020] Selection and establishment of single curved surface: Selecting and establishing a suitable single curved surface form is the key step in realizing the technology of fitting single curved surface to hyperbolic surface, and is the core point of technological innovation; Mapping point algorithm: Calculates how to map points on the hyperbolic surface to the single curved surface. This is an important algorithm for fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic surface, and can ensure the accuracy of the single curved surface and the hyperbolic surface.

[0021] Optimizing the fitting algorithm: Optimizing the error between single-curved surface and hyperbolic surface to ensure more accurate fitting results is a key technical innovation to improve fitting accuracy.

[0022] Application of single-curved surface fitting to hyperbolic surface: Applying the technology of single-curved surface fitting to hyperbolic surface in actual engineering and product manufacturing processes has significantly improved work efficiency and practical value, which is an important manifestation of technological innovation.

[0023] The technical implementation plan of fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic surface has important technical innovations in the selection and establishment of a single curved surface, mapping point algorithm, optimization fitting algorithm and application. These innovations can further promote the application and development of the technology of fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic surface, improve the efficiency and quality of engineering design and manufacturing, and achieve better technical innovation and development.

[0024] In short, the technology of fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic surface is a complex design process that requires in-depth calculation and theoretical knowledge, as well as practical application experience. When implementing it, it is necessary to make flexible choices based on actual conditions, and at the same time, it is necessary to combine humanized design optimization to pursue better design effects.

[0025] In the past, when a hyperboloid was optimized into a single surface, only a single surface could be optimized, which was inefficient. When there is batch optimization data in the model, it will take a lot of time to process the optimization work. Advantages of the method we provide: 1. Improve design efficiency: Through batch optimization, multiple hyperboloids can be optimized at the same time, which helps to improve the efficiency of design and manufacturing, saving time and labor costs. 2. Unified optimization parameters: Batch optimization can ensure that the same optimization parameters and rules are applied to a group of hyperboloids, so as to achieve consistency and unity, and ensure the coordination and integrity of the design. 3. Comparison of optimization results: Batch processing allows users to compare the optimization results of different hyperboloids, so that the best solution can be selected, providing a reference for further design decisions. 4. Controllability and adjustability: Batch optimization allows users to easily adjust optimization parameters and explore different design options, while making subsequent modifications and adjustments more convenient. 5. Better implementation strategy: Batch optimization can help designers formulate more reasonable design strategies, and better grasp the direction and goals of the overall design through the optimization of multiple hyperboloids. In general, the advantages of hyperbolic batch optimization include improved design efficiency, unified optimization parameters, comparison of optimization results, controllability and adjustability, and better implementation strategies. These advantages make batch optimization an important tool in the design and manufacturing process, which can better meet the needs of complex design and optimization.

[0026] Through the practical application of this method, the curtain wall of the domestic engineering Oujia Building project, such as Fig.14 As shown in the figure, the Oujia Building project: all purple areas are optimized. Hyperbolic optimization provides powerful help for cost control in engineering practice by improving design efficiency, reducing waste, reducing production costs and improving design reliability; International Engineering Technology Park project, such as Fig.15 As shown in the figure, all green and yellow areas have been optimized. Hyperbolic optimization has made breakthrough progress by improving design efficiency, reducing waste, reducing production costs, and improving design reliability, providing powerful help for cost control in engineering practice. The benefits of hyperbolic optimization to engineering practice include faster convergence speed, higher computational efficiency, improved engineering design accuracy and stability, optimization of multi-objective engineering problems, and adaptation to multiple constraints. These advantages can help engineers better solve complex engineering problems.

[0027] The design method of optimizing the double-curved surface of the building curtain wall into a single-curved surface can also achieve the following outstanding technical effects: 1. More efficient construction process: By fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic surface, the design and manufacturing process of the curtain wall can be better optimized, making it easier and more convenient to install the curtain wall during construction, reducing unnecessary tedious steps in design and construction, and improving work efficiency.

[0028] 2. More rigorous design scheme: Through the design scheme of fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic curtain wall, problems in the construction process of the curtain wall can be avoided, especially some unpredictable surface deformation problems, to ensure the stability and safety of the curtain wall during long-term use.

[0029] 3. More perfect appearance effect: The curtain wall with single-curved surface fitting hyperbolic surface is more perfect and artistic in appearance effect, and can adapt to different terrains and architectural forms. It can be designed into various unique shapes, which improves its excellent visual effect.

[0030] 4. Better economy: The method of fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic surface can save materials and costs, especially in the case of complicated curved surface processing, which can make more effective use of materials. In addition, the simplification of the construction process and the control of funds during the construction process also improve the economy of the curtain wall project.

[0031] In short, the design of fitting a single curved surface to a hyperbolic surface achieves a more precise, efficient, economical and artistic curtain wall effect, while also improving the convenience and reliability of its construction and maintenance.

[0032] In summary, the purpose of the present invention is achieved.

Claims

1. A design method for optimizing a double-curved surface of a building curtain wall into a single-curved surface, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Pick up the surface, use Rhino software to obtain the hyperbolic surface model, load the Surface (Srf) operator in Grasshopper software, then select all the surfaces in the Rhino interface and press Enter to import all the surface models in Rhino into Grasshopper, then use the "Reparameterize" command to reparameterize the surface and adjust the surface unit range to 0~1 to facilitate subsequent surface division calculations; S2: Use the exhaustive method to find all Arc curves. Use the populate Geometry operator to randomly select multiple points on the surface. Use the surface closet point and the evaluate surface operator to find the work plane perpendicular to the surface of each point through the selected points and the original surface. Rotate the work plane along the normal work plane of the corresponding point, and create a work plane every 2 degrees. Use the Curve|plane (PCX) operator to intersect the new work plane with the edge of the hyperbolic surface. Each work plane will get two intersection points. These two intersection points plus the work plane reference point total 3 points. Use the Arc 3Pt (Arc) operator to draw an arc with three points to find the arc line required to form a single curved surface. S3: Use the least squares method to compare the results. The Deconstruct Arc operator can obtain the center point work plane B and the radius length R of the arc required to form the arc according to the Arc arc line at the input end; use the center point work plane through the Plane Coordinates operator to find the four corner points of the quadrilateral hyperboloid. These four corner points are projected onto the Arc arc work plane to get the relative X and Y distances. The trigonometric function Sqrt (X²+Y²) is used to find the observation values ​​of the four corner points R1, R2, R3, and R4. Then, use the least squares method and the Expression operator function formula (Sqrt (X²+Y²)-R)² to find the fitting function when the objective function is minimized. Sort the errors of each set of data and pick out the Arc arc curve required for fitting the hyperboloid with the smallest error. S4: Construct a single-curved cylinder. Use the Arc line with the smallest error to obtain the center point work plane B and the radius length R of the arc required to form the arc through the Deconstruct Arc operator. Use the circle operator to draw a circle C with B as the center and R as the radius. Use the Plane Coordinates operator to calculate the maximum and minimum distances from the four corner points of the hyperboloid to the Z axis of the plane. Use the move operator to move circle C to the extreme positions of the two ends of the hyperboloid. Use the Loft operator to build a single-curved cylinder. Use the Pull Curve operator to project the edge of the hyperboloid onto the single-curved cylinder. Use the Surface Split operator to split the single-curved surface into the final required single-curved cylinder according to the edge of the hyperboloid. S5: Compare the results before and after optimization. Select the corner points of the surface before and after fitting respectively. Analyze the errors of the four corner points through the distance operator, analyze the maximum error of each edge line, and select the single surface that can be optimized within a reasonable error range.

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