Artificial volcanic ash production without carbon dioxide emissions, in particular from clays

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus 10 for thermally activating fine particulate mineral feedstock to produce artificial pozzolanic material, where the apparatus 10 comprises a drying apparatus 20, a preheater 30 and a heat treatment apparatus 40, where the fine particulate mineral feedstock is conveyed from the drying apparatus 20 to the heat treatment apparatus 40 through the preheater 30 and a gas flow is provided to the heat treatment apparatus 40, the gas stream is subsequently conveyed from the heat treatment plant 40 to the preheater 30, characterized in that the first gas stream heater 50 is arranged along the gas stream prior to the heat treatment plant 40.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and a method for producing artificial pozzolan, in particular producing artificial pozzolan from clay while avoiding the use of fossil fuels to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

[0002] In the clinker production process, lime releases large amounts of CO2 during combustion, which is not the case when producing artificial pozzolans for cement replacement. In this case, the main source of CO2 emissions is fossil fuels. However, since the relevant process design is usually suitable for gaseous fuels such as natural gas, or solid fuels such as pulverized coal, or alternative fuels, existing plants cannot be easily converted to use energy from wind or solar power. Realizing the use of these energy sources requires a complete transformation of the plant structure.

[0003] Patent WO 2022 / 115 721A2 discloses an energy storage system.

[0004] Patent DE 10 2014 102 474 A1 discloses a heating element and a process heater.

[0005] Patents DE 10 2021 203 071, DE 10 2021 203 072, DE 10 2021 203 073 and DE 102021 203 074 disclose devices and methods for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials.

[0006] Patent DE 10 2020 211 750 A1 discloses energy recovery during the cooling of color-optimizing activated clays.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method for producing artificial pozzolana using these new renewable energy sources, so as to avoid carbon dioxide emissions.

[0008] The object of the invention is achieved by a device having the features defined in claim 1, and by a method having the features defined in claim 18. Preferred developments emerge clearly from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.

[0009] The device of the present invention is used to thermally activate fine-grained mineral raw materials and generate artificial pozzolans. The device comprises a drying device, a preheater and a heat treatment device. For example, the heat treatment device can be a calciner or an activator. The fine-grained mineral raw materials are transported to the heat treatment device through the drying device via the preheater. The heat treatment device provides heat through a countercurrent airflow, which is supplied from the heat treatment device to the preheater. At certain stages, the solid flow and the airflow can also preferably be transported in a co-current manner and then separated, for example, by a cyclone separator. Such devices are known to the technician in the prior art - patent DE 10 2020 211 750A1 is cited only as an illustrative example.

[0010] According to the present invention, a first air flow heater is provided before the air flow enters the heat treatment device. This makes the device of the present invention essentially different from the devices in the prior art. Therefore, energy is no longer generated by the burner in the heat treatment device, but the air flow supplied to the heat treatment device is heated by the first air flow heater, and the heat is introduced into the heat treatment device through the air flow. Thus, for the first time, the production of artificial volcanic ash using renewable energy (especially solar energy and wind energy) is realized.

[0011] The device is connected to a device for generating renewable energy. Examples of renewable energy generating devices include solar cells, wind turbines, hydroelectric power stations, tidal power stations, biomass power stations, etc. However, solar thermal energy is also explicitly covered, for example, where the heat of the heat transfer medium can be used directly as thermal energy. In particular in the context of providing electrical energy, it is preferred to use combined devices - such as solar cells and wind energy, in order to better offset the influence of mutual fluctuations. The device and the renewable energy generating device can be directly connected - that is, the renewable energy generating device can be an integrated part of the device. The device can also be connected to the renewable energy generating device via a power grid.

[0012] The device also includes at least one energy storage device. There may be two or more different types of energy storage devices. For example, the energy storage device may be a battery for storing electrical energy; or a tank for a heat transfer medium in a solar thermal system. Furthermore, the energy storage device may also be a heat storage device within the device. Therefore, it may be advantageous to combine energy storage devices - for example, to use both a battery and a heat storage device in the device.

[0013] The apparatus of the invention has another advantage. Since combustion is no longer necessary, there is no need for oxygen in the gas stream. It is thus possible to operate in a pure inert gas environment or in a reducing atmosphere to optimize the color. Thus, color optimization can be accomplished in one step during the activation process. If the gas used is not air, it is preferably recycled.

[0014] In another embodiment of the present invention, the fine-grained mineral raw material may be pure natural clay or mixed clay, clay-like material, zeolite, old hydrated cement or a mixture thereof.

[0015] In another embodiment of the invention, the device comprises at least one device for generating renewable energy, in particular a wind turbine or a solar field. It is particularly preferred that the device comprises at least two different renewable energy devices, such as a wind turbine and a solar field. In addition, the device may also include a biogas plant and a gas turbine in order to achieve CO2-neutral power generation by biogas during intervals when there is no sunlight and no wind. This design allows for more flexible operation even without a large battery system.

[0016] In another embodiment of the invention, the device comprises at least one first energy storage device. The at least one first energy storage device is particularly used to smooth fluctuations in renewable energy sources - for example, for day and night compensation of solar power. In this case, a large first energy storage device can be provided to supply energy to all electrically driven device components. Optionally, a plurality of smaller energy storage devices can also be provided, each of which supplies energy to a separate or small number of device components. Usable energy storage devices include all known electrical energy storage devices, such as batteries and capacitors, but also non-pure electrical energy storage devices, such as pumped storage stations or temporary storage devices in chemical products (such as hydrogen) (for example, via an electrolysis / fuel cell combination).

[0017] Furthermore, the device can be connected to the public grid. This not only makes it possible to compensate for fluctuations, but also allows electricity to be used directly or stored in energy storage devices when there is a surplus of electricity (and the price is relatively low or negative).

[0018] It is particularly preferred that the connection for generating and / or storing renewable energy includes not only the first air flow heater, but also all components requiring energy, such as mills, filters, conveyor belts, compressors, etc.

[0019] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first air flow heater has at least one inner surface. The energy input to the gas is entirely through the inner surface. The inner surface can be, for example, the surface of a heating wire. The inner surface can also be a metal surface that is electrically heated from the back. The inner surface can also be a body surface through which a heat exchange medium flows, in particular the surface of a pipe. The inner surface can also be the surface of a heated heat storage medium, such as a masonry structure. Therefore, the inner surface refers to any surface located inside the first air flow heater. This makes it essentially different from a burner, in which the combustion process provides energy to the inside of the air flow, rather than through the surface.

[0020] In another embodiment of the invention, the first air flow heater is a heat exchanger. This embodiment is preferably used if the energy is obtained and provided by a solar thermal system (e.g., a salt melt). This design allows maximum utilization of thermal energy without conversion losses in the case of prior conversion to electrical energy. In addition, in such solar thermal devices, the heat of the heat exchange medium is usually temporarily stored, in particular to compensate for nights and / or days without sunlight.

[0021] In another embodiment of the invention, the first air flow heater is an electrical air flow heater. It is particularly preferred that the air flow flows only in an annular gap around the electrically heated inner surface. In this way, the higher temperatures required for the process can be easily achieved. The heating element described in patent DE 10 2014 102 474 A1 can be cited as an example.

[0022] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first airflow heater is designed as a shell and tube heater. The shell and tube design can increase the internal surface area, thereby improving heat transfer. At the same time, the reduction in the thickness of the gas layer accelerates the diffusion of the gas inside. In addition, the external surface area radiates heat and causes heat loss and reduces the temperature, so the external surface area is reduced.

[0023] In another embodiment of the invention, the energy storage device is a heat storage device. The heat storage device is arranged between the first airflow heater and the heat treatment device. The heat storage device can have a large mass through which the airflow passes. For example, the heat storage device can consist of masonry. Alternatively, the heat storage device can be made of metal. The main function of the heat storage device is, in particular, to smooth temperature fluctuations, thereby compensating for time fluctuations in the generation of renewable energy, thereby introducing renewable energy into the process.

[0024] In another embodiment of the present invention, an air-to-air heat exchanger is provided between the first airflow heater and the heat treatment equipment. In this case, a primary fluid circulates between the first airflow heater and the air-to-air heat exchanger. For example, this design can prevent dust from entering the first airflow heater. As the primary fluid, an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon can be used to avoid corrosion in the high temperature area of ​​the first airflow heater. It is particularly preferred that the air-to-air heat exchanger is designed as a countercurrent heat exchanger. After passing through the first airflow heater and the air-to-air heat exchanger, the temperature of the primary fluid can be in the range of 1400°C to 2000°C.

[0025] In another embodiment of the invention, the second air flow heater is arranged in the direction of the air flow before the drying device. Due to the high enthalpy of vaporization of water, the energy consumption requirements of the drying device are very high, and the temperature can be kept below 400°C, for example. However, in other embodiments, it may be more advantageous to select a higher temperature after the second air flow heater, so that this temperature is especially higher than 9800°C-for example 1000°C to 1200°C. Higher temperatures can make the air flow smaller; due to the presence of moisture and the resulting evaporation, the solids in the drying device will not reach this temperature. However, since the purpose of the air flow is to provide all the energy, for example to replace combustion and thus avoid the emission of carbon dioxide, the quality of the air flow must be adjusted so that the required energy can be delivered. Therefore, it is advantageous to carry out a targeted second heating in the second air flow heater.

[0026] In another embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a third air flow heater. The third air flow heater is gas-conductively connected to the heat treatment device. In particular, the third air flow heater is arranged downstream of the first air flow heater. For example, the gas supply of the first air flow heater is arranged at the beginning of the heat treatment device, while the gas supply of the third air flow heater is arranged in the approximate middle of the heat treatment device. Since in the first part, the gas from the first air flow heater has been cooled after the heat treatment, additional heat energy can be provided.

[0027] In another embodiment of the invention, the first air flow heater and the optional third air flow heater are configured to fully provide the energy required by the heat treatment device. Therefore, the first air flow heater does not only provide part of the energy; rather, the first air flow heater is intended to not only support the combustion process, but to cover the entire energy demand in normal operation. As an alternative, an additional heating element can also be arranged inside the heat treatment device. This design has its advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantage is that if a heating element is used in the heat treatment device, temperature peaks may occur, and if certain temperature values ​​are exceeded locally, the material may be deactivated. On the other hand, using only air flow as an energy source allows an extremely uniform temperature distribution to be achieved within the heat treatment device.

[0028] In another embodiment of the invention, the thermal treatment plant comprises a backup burner. The backup burner is used to maintain emergency operation in the event of a failure of the renewable energy source, for example, to safely shut down the plant or to keep it at operating temperature for transition. However, the backup burner is not intended for regular or continuous operation and is therefore not designed for such operation.

[0029] In another embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a material cooler. The function of the material cooler is to cool the mineral material and transfer heat energy to the gas flow. The heat treatment device is connected to the material cooler in a solid conductive manner. The material cooler is connected to the first gas flow heater in a gas conductive manner, and the first gas flow heater is connected to the heat treatment device in a gas conductive manner. In this way, heat energy is recovered and the regeneration energy required for heating the first gas flow heater is reduced.

[0030] In another embodiment of the present invention, the device includes a precooler. The precooler is preferably arranged in a position before the material cooler in the direction of logistics. The role of the precooler is particularly to achieve extremely fast initial cooling, for example cooling to a temperature between 400°C and 500°C. If the product has been color optimized under conditions such as a reducing atmosphere, this method is preferably used to prevent re-oxidation of the product and its resulting re-coloring. For example, the material cooler can be a solid-solid cooler, the heat of which is not actually transferred to the airflow. This cooling concept can be referred to patent DE 10 2020211 750 A1.

[0031] In another embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises a reduction reactor, in particular a reduction fluidized bed reactor. The reduction reactor, in particular the reduction fluidized bed reactor, is generally used for color optimization of the product under reducing conditions. The heat treatment device is connected to the reduction fluidized bed reactor by solid conduction, and the reduction fluidized bed reactor is connected to the material cooler by solid conduction.

[0032] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first air flow heater or the heat storage device located downstream thereof is connected to the drying device in a gas-conductive manner, so that a part of the air flow is directly delivered to the drying device.

[0033] In another embodiment of the present invention, the preheater or drying device is connected to the first gas flow heater by gas conduction. If the operating gas is not air, but an inert gas or a reducing atmosphere, this circulation path is particularly preferred. In this way, valuable gas can be reused.

[0034] In another embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment device comprises a surface heating element. Although this may entail the risk of local temperature peaks, in this way energy from renewable energy sources can be introduced directly into the heat treatment device, thereby compensating radiation losses, supporting the reaction and smoothing the average temperature.

[0035] In another embodiment of the invention, a gas connection is provided between the material cooler and the heat treatment device. This allows a relatively cold gas to be supplied to the heat treatment device, and the temperature can be adjusted in a simple and very fast manner by mixing.

[0036] In another embodiment of the present invention, a gas connection is provided between the material cooler and the drying device, so that the heat generated in the material cooling can be simply and efficiently used in the drying process.

[0037] In another embodiment of the present invention, a gas connection is provided between the material cooler and the second air flow heater, which also allows the heat generated in the material cooling to be used in the drying process.

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, a gas connection is provided between the material cooler and the third gas flow heater.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present invention, a gas connection is provided between the drying device and the first air flow heater, through which water vapor is introduced into the system, thereby increasing the heat capacity and thereby reducing the temperature drop in the heat treatment device.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present invention, a gas connection is provided between the drying device and the third gas flow heater, through which water vapor is introduced into the system, thereby increasing the heat capacity and thereby reducing the temperature drop in the heat treatment device.

[0041] In another embodiment of the present invention, a dust removal filter is arranged before the first air flow heater.

[0042] In another design, the invention relates to a method for thermally activating fine-grained mineral raw materials to produce artificial pozzolans, in particular a method for the device of the invention. In the conventional manner of the prior art, the material flow passes through a preheater and through a thermal treatment device. The core of the invention is that the air flow is heated in a first air flow heater before it enters the thermal treatment device. Therefore, the energy required for the process in the thermal treatment device is not generated and provided by the combustion in the thermal treatment device, but is added to the air flow in the first air flow heater before entering the thermal treatment device, and the energy is introduced into the thermal treatment device by the air flow. Therefore, renewable energy can be fully utilized in a simple way, thereby avoiding carbon dioxide emissions due to energy production and making the production of artificial pozzolans climate neutral.

[0043] The energy for the first airflow heater is generated regeneratively, for example, electrical energy or thermal energy from solar or wind energy. The energy required for the first airflow heater or the heat generated by it is at least partially temporarily stored in a storage device, thereby smoothing and in particular compensating for fluctuations in the regenerative energy.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present invention, in the first air flow heater, the air flow is heated to 800°C to 1800°C, preferably 800°C to 1600°C, more preferably 800°C to 1400°C, more preferably 800°C to 1200°C, particularly preferably 1000°C to 1200°C.

[0045] In another embodiment of the present invention, the selected fine-grained mineral raw material comprises pure natural clay or mixed clay, clay-like material, zeolite, old hydrated cement or a mixture thereof.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, the gas is heated in the first gas flow heater via its inner surface.

[0047] In another embodiment of the present invention, an additional airflow is introduced into the drying device. The additional airflow is heated in the second airflow heater. This design ensures that the drying device can simply obtain sufficient energy within an appropriate temperature range.

[0048] In another embodiment of the invention, an auxiliary gas flow is introduced into the heat treatment device. The auxiliary gas flow is heated in a third gas flow heater. For example, the auxiliary gas flow can be introduced in the middle of the heat treatment device. In this way, hotter gas can be supplied again at this location, thereby controlling / influencing the thermal activation in a targeted manner and / or smoothing the temperature curve on the heat treatment device.

[0049] In another embodiment of the invention, the first air flow heater and the optional third air flow heater provide all the energy required by the heat treatment device. This means that no heating elements need to be installed in the heat treatment device.

[0050] In another embodiment of the present invention, in the event of an energy supply interruption and resulting in failure of the first air flow heater, a backup burner can be used to generate heat energy in the thermal treatment device. This design can compensate for downtime or ensure safe shutdown. However, the use of the backup burner is limited to such special circumstances.

[0051] In another embodiment of the present invention, the airflow from the material cooler is heated in the first airflow heater. In this way, the heat released by the material flow can be efficiently utilized, thereby reducing the energy demand of the first airflow heater.

[0052] In another aspect, the invention relates to a regulation method, wherein the temperature of the gas output from the first air flow heater is measured and the air flow supplied to the first air flow heater and the electric energy supplied to the first air flow heater are regulated as a function of the measured gas temperature. A more preferred regulation method is one in which the available electric energy (consisting of the electric energy currently being produced and, for example, the remaining charge of a battery) is taken into account. It is particularly preferred that the amount of solids supplied to the device is also regulated as a function of the available electric energy (consisting of the energy currently being produced and, for example, the remaining charge of a battery storage). For example, when there is a drop in energy production, such as at night for a solar energy device or when the wind drops for a wind energy device, the utilization rate of the device can be adjusted accordingly.

[0053] The device of the present invention will be described in detail below by means of exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 : First Exemplary Embodiment

[0055] Figure 2 : Second exemplary embodiment

[0056] Figure 3 : Third Exemplary Embodiment

[0057] Figure 4 : Fourth exemplary embodiment

[0058] Figure 5 : Fifth Exemplary Embodiment

[0059] Figure 6 : Sixth Exemplary Embodiment

[0060] Figure 7 : Seventh exemplary embodiment

[0061] Figure 8 : Eighth Exemplary Embodiment

[0062] Fig. 9 : Ninth Exemplary Embodiment

[0063] Fig.10 : Tenth Restrictive Embodiment

[0064] Fig.11 : Eleventh Exemplary Embodiment

[0065] Fig.12 : Twelfth Exemplary Embodiment

[0066] In order to simplify the comparison between various embodiments, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals hereinafter.

[0067] Figure 1A first exemplary embodiment is shown. The device 10 comprises a mill 110, for example for grinding clay as a raw material. From the mill, the solid stream is conveyed to a drying device 20 for drying. Subsequently, the solid stream enters a thermal treatment device 40 through a preheater 30 and is then directed to a material cooler 100. In the material cooler 100, the solid stream is cooled by an air flow, and the air flow is heated in the process. The preheated air flow is introduced from the material cooler 100 into a first air flow heater 50, where it is heated to, for example, 1200°C, in particular by electric heating. For this purpose, electricity generated by renewable energy sources (in particular a mixture of solar and wind energy) is preferably used. Therefore, there is no need to use fossil fuels at all, thereby making the production of artificial pozzolans climate neutral. From the first air flow heater 50, the air flow is directed to a thermal treatment device 40, where the energy required for the treatment is provided. Subsequently, the air flow flows from the thermal treatment device 40 into the preheater 30, and then from the preheater 30 into the drying device 20.

[0068] In the following, only the differences between the various embodiments are discussed.

[0069] Figure 2 A second embodiment is shown, with Figure 1 Compared with the first embodiment shown, a heat storage device 60 is added between the first airflow heater 50 and the heat treatment device 40. For example, the device can be a brick-built area. Therefore, although the power of the renewable energy used for the electric heating of the first airflow heater 50 may fluctuate, the temperature will tend to be stable.

[0070] Figure 3 A third embodiment is shown, with Figure 1 Compared with the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment has a second air flow heater 70 for heating the air flow and then introducing it into the drying device 20. Therefore, the energy demand can be adjusted in a targeted manner through the air flow volume and temperature according to the energy required for drying. As an alternative, the air flow from the preheater 30 can also be supplied to the second air flow heater 70.

[0071] Figure 4 A fourth embodiment is shown, with Figure 1 Compared with the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment has a third air flow heater 80. The third air flow heater 80 heats the air flow and introduces it roughly into the middle of the heat treatment device 40. Since there is no direct heating inside the heat treatment device 40, the required solid conversion energy comes from the air flow, resulting in the air flow being cooled. The air flow provided by the third air flow heater 80 can reintroduce the hot air flow, so that the temperature on the heat treatment device 40 becomes smooth.

[0072] Figure 5 A fifth embodiment is shown, with Figure 1Compared with the first embodiment shown in the figure, this embodiment adds a reducing fluidized bed reactor 120 between the heat treatment device 40 and the material cooler 100. The color optimization is carried out in the reducing atmosphere in the reducing fluidized bed reactor 120, for example, the reducing atmosphere includes hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or a gas mixture including or produced from these substances. For this purpose, a suitable reducing agent is supplied to the reducing fluidized bed reactor 120. The gas flow with oxygen-containing atmosphere of the material cooler 100, the heat treatment device 40 and the preheater is separated from the reducing atmosphere in the reducing fluidized bed reactor 120, which can significantly save the amount of reducing medium used.

[0073] Figure 6 A sixth embodiment is shown, with Figure 3 Compared to the third embodiment shown, the gas flow after the preheater 30 can be selectively supplied to the material cooler 100 through a cooling device not shown. This makes it possible to use a reducing atmosphere in the heat treatment device 40. In order to separate the gaseous products released from the clay, the gas connection between the preheater 30 and the material cooler 100 includes a gas flow distributor not shown, which is used to separate part of the gas flow to prevent the accumulation of gaseous products released by the clay.

[0074] Figure 7 A seventh embodiment is shown, with Figure 1 Compared with the first embodiment shown, additional gas connections are added. The gas connection leads from the material cooler 100 to the heat treatment device 40 and the drying device 20. In addition, the hot air can also be used in other parts of the device 10. In addition, this embodiment also has a return air connection from the drying device 20 to the material cooler 100. These additional gas connections can also be similarly applied to the second to sixth embodiments.

[0075] Figure 8 An eighth embodiment is shown, which is Figure 3 The third embodiment shown is Figure 7 A particular feature of the eighth embodiment is the gas connection from the preheater 30 to the second gas stream heater.

[0076] Fig. 9 A ninth embodiment is shown, which is Figure 5 The first embodiment shown is Figure 7 A special feature of the ninth embodiment is the precooler 130. The precooler 130 receives the cold material flow from the material cooler 100 and efficiently and quickly reduces the temperature through solid-solid heat exchange, thereby preventing the material from coloring. Such a precooler 130 can be referred to, for example, in patent DE 10 2020 211 750 A1.

[0077] Fig.10A tenth embodiment is shown, with Fig. 9 Compared with the ninth embodiment shown, the reducing fluidized bed reactor 120 is not included. Instead, the treatment in the heat treatment device 40 is already carried out in a reducing atmosphere, which means that the gas connection from the drying device 20 to the material cooler 100 is particularly important. In a further alternative embodiment, in addition to or instead of the gas connection, a gas connection can also be provided between the preheater and the material cooler 100 and / or the first air flow heater to achieve the recycling of the reducing atmosphere.

[0078] Fig.11 The eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 8 Compared with the eighth embodiment shown, a gas connection from the preheater 30 to the first airflow heater 50 and a gas connection from the drying device 20 to the first airflow heater 50 are added. In addition, a gas connection is also provided between the drying device 20 and the second airflow heater 70.

[0079] Fig.12 The twelfth embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 7 Compared to the seventh embodiment shown, the first air flow heater 50 is not arranged directly in the air flow, but is arranged in a loop including an air-to-air heat exchanger 140, so that the heating surface of the first air flow heater 50 does not come into contact with dust or corrosive gas compounds. The service life of the first air flow heater is thus extended. It is particularly preferred that the air-to-air heat exchanger is configured as a countercurrent heat exchanger.

[0080] Reference numerals list

[0081] 10. Installation

[0082] 20 Drying equipment

[0083] 30 Preheater

[0084] 40 Heat treatment equipment

[0085] 50 First air flow heater

[0086] 60 Heat storage

[0087] 70 Second air flow heater

[0088] 80 Third air flow heater

[0089] 100 Material Cooler

[0090] 110 Mill

[0091] 120 Reduction Fluidized Bed Reactor

[0092] 130 Primary material cooler

[0093] 140 Gas-gas heat exchanger

Claims

1. A device (10) for thermally activating fine-grained mineral raw materials to generate artificial pozzolanic materials, the device (10) comprising a drying device (20), a preheater (30), a preheater (30) and a heat treatment device (40), wherein the fine-grained mineral raw materials are transported from the drying device (20) to the heat treatment device (40) through the preheater (30), and an air flow is provided to the heat treatment device (40), and then the air flow is transported from the heat treatment device (40) to the preheater (30), characterized in that A first air flow heater (50) is arranged along the air flow before the heat treatment device (40), the device is connected to a device for generating renewable energy, and the device comprises an energy storage device.

2. The device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The fine particle mineral raw material is pure natural clay or mixed clay, clay-like material, zeolite, old hydrated cement or a mixture thereof.

3. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first air flow heater (50) has at least one inner surface, and the energy of the gas is input only through the inner surface.

4. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first air flow heater (50) is a heat exchanger.

5. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first airflow heater (50) is an electrical airflow heater.

6. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first air flow heater (50) is designed as a shell and tube heater.

7. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The energy storage device is a heat accumulator (60), and the heat accumulator (60) is arranged between the first airflow heater (50) and the heat treatment equipment (40).

8. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that An air-to-air heat exchanger (140) is provided between the first air flow heater (50) and the heat treatment device (40).

9. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The second air flow heater (70) is arranged before the drying device (20) along the air flow direction.

10. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The device (10) comprises a third air flow heater (80) which is connected to the heat treatment equipment (40) in a gas-conducting manner.

11. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first air flow heater (50) and the optional third air flow heater (80) are designed to fully provide the energy required by the thermal processing device (40).

12. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The heat treatment apparatus (40) includes a backup burner.

13. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The device (10) comprises a material cooler (100), a heat treatment device (40) and a material cooler (100) connected by solid conduction, a material cooler (100) and a first air flow heater (50) connected by gas conduction, and a first air flow heater (50) and a heat treatment device (40) connected by gas conduction.

14. The device (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that The device (10) comprises a reduction reactor, in particular a reduction fluidized bed reactor (120), a heat treatment device (40) and a solid conduction connection between the reduction reactor, in particular the reduction fluidized bed reactor (120), and a solid conduction connection between the reduction reactor, in particular the reduction fluidized bed reactor (120) and a material cooler (100).

15. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first airflow heater (50) or the heat storage device (60) located downstream of the first airflow heater (50) is connected to the drying device (20) in a gas-conductive manner.

16. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The preheater (30) or the drying device (20) is connected to the first air flow heater (50) via gas conduction.

17. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The heat treatment device (40) includes a surface heating element.

18. A method for thermally activating fine-grained mineral raw materials to generate artificial pozzolanic materials, wherein a material flow passes through a preheater (30) and through a heat treatment device (40), and before the air flow is supplied to the heat treatment device (40), the air flow is heated in a first air flow heater (50), wherein the energy of the first air flow heater (50) is generated in a regenerative manner, and the energy of the first air flow heater (50) or the heat generated by the first air flow heater (50) is at least partially temporarily stored in a storage device.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that In the first air flow heater (50), the air flow is heated to 800°C to 1800°C, preferably 1000°C to 1200°C.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that The selected fine-grained mineral raw materials include pure natural clay or mixed clay, clay-like material, zeolite, old hydrated cement or a mixture thereof.

21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that In the first airflow heater (50), the airflow is heated by passing through the inner surface of the first airflow heater (50).

22. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that The drying device (20) is supplied with a further air flow which is heated in a second air flow heater (70).

23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that The heat treatment device (40) is supplied with an auxiliary air flow, which is heated in a third air flow heater (80).

24. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 23, characterized in that The first air flow heater (50) and the optional third air flow heater (80) provide all the energy required by the thermal processing device (40).

25. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that In the event of an interruption in the energy supply, the backup burner is used to generate thermal energy in the heat treatment device (40).

26. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that The air flow discharged from the material cooler is heated in the first air flow heater (50).

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