Liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation, reaction equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation, and belongs to the field of liquid-liquid reaction of chemical production, medicine production, wastewater treatment and the like. The liquid-liquid reactor comprises a chamber A provided with a first top surface and a first bottom surface, the inner diameter of the first bottom surface is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a first arc transition section is arranged between the first top surface and the first bottom surface; a tangential leading-in first liquid inlet pipe is arranged above the chamber A; the chamber B is a flat disc-shaped chamber; the chamber B is provided with a second top surface and a second bottom surface; the chamber B is provided with a second liquid inlet pipe which is tangentially guided in; a second arc transition section is arranged between the cavity A and the cavity B; a third arc transition section is arranged between the second top surface and the second bottom surface; a liquid outlet pipe is arranged in the center of the cavity A, and a Venturi tube structure is arranged in the liquid outlet pipe; a flow guide piece is arranged in the center of the cavity B; the outer diameter of the flow guide piece is gradually reduced from bottom to top; and the flow guide piece is provided with an end part which is inserted into the liquid outlet pipe. According to the ultrasonic cavitation device, the defects that ultrasonic cavitation equipment adopted in production at present is higher in energy consumption and smaller in equipment size amplification are overcome, and the cavitation equipment is changed from research to industrialization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of liquid-liquid reaction equipment based on a hydraulic cavitation technology, and in particular to the field of liquid-liquid reaction devices for chemical production, pharmaceutical production, wastewater treatment and the like. Background Art

[0002] Cavitation refers to the process of formation, growth and collapse of cavities (cavitation bubbles) caused by changes in the pressure field of the fluid during the flow of the fluid. Since the hydraulic cavitation process can produce a series of strengthening effects, including mechanical effects (shock waves, microjets), thermal effects (local high temperatures), optical effects (sonoluminescence), activation effects (production of hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solutions), etc., it can play a role in strengthening the reaction process. It is because of this strengthening effect that cavitation has great research value and good application prospects in industrial fields such as chemical, food, and biology.

[0003] The cavitation effect acts on chemical reactions, mainly using the collapse of cavitation bubbles to produce local high temperature, high pressure, strong shock waves and jets, which provide a new and very special physical and chemical environment for chemical reactions that are difficult or impossible to achieve under general conditions. A large number of experiments have proved that cavitation can be widely used in various reactions, including:

[0004] (1) In synthetic chemistry, the application of cavitation in organic synthesis has developed rapidly, especially in multiphase reactions, especially in organometallic reactions. Cavitation pulverization and surface activation may replace phase transfer catalyst (PTC) reactions. These reactions include reactions involving metal surfaces (such as accelerated catalytic reactions), reactions involving powdered solid particles, emulsification reactions, and homogeneous reactions.

[0005] (2) Polymer chemistry, such as polymerization reactions and polymer degradation reactions.

[0006] (3) In terms of electrochemistry, ultrasonic waves are directly introduced into the electroplating tank, which increases the deposition rate and current density due to cavitation.

[0007] (4) The application of hydraulic cavitation technology in the field of liquid-liquid heterogeneous reactions is particularly prominent, including esterification of oils and fats, transesterification reactions, epoxidation reactions of vegetable oils and fats, and oxidation reactions. The reaction rates of these reactions are usually limited by the mass transfer rate. The reason why hydraulic cavitation technology can enhance these reactions is largely due to the physical effect of cavitation, which causes strong turbulence at the liquid-liquid interface, causing the two immiscible phases to form a micro-scale emulsion, thereby eliminating the mass transfer limitation.

[0008] In 2004, Ambulgekar et al. used hydraulic cavitation technology to enhance the oxidation process of alkyl aromatics, using potassium permanganate solution to oxidize toluene, and using hydraulic cavitation technology to enhance the oxidation process. The effects of potassium permanganate dosage, volume ratio of oil and water phases, reaction time, orifice plate parameters and pump inlet pressure were investigated, and the above conditions were optimized. The use of cavitation technology can accelerate the reaction rate. The article also compared hydraulic cavitation technology with ultrasonic cavitation technology. Under the condition of consuming the same energy consumption, the reaction rate under hydraulic cavitation conditions is about 6 times that under ultrasonic cavitation conditions. In 2006, Ji et al. applied hydraulic cavitation technology to biodiesel transesterification reaction, using soybean oil and methanol as raw materials and potassium hydroxide as catalyst for transesterification reaction. The experimental results show that compared with the mechanical stirring device, the use of hydraulic cavitation reactor can greatly shorten the time required for the reaction, and the reaction can be completed in only 10-30 minutes. In terms of energy consumption, the energy consumption required for the production of unit mass of biodiesel using hydraulic cavitation technology is about 1 / 3 of that of the mechanical stirring device. In 2008, Kelkar et al. applied hydrodynamic cavitation technology to the esterification reaction of biodiesel. In the biodiesel preparation system, the esterification reaction (free fatty acid reaction, sulfuric acid as catalyst) is usually limited by mass transfer. The article investigated the effects of the molar ratio of fatty acids and alcohols, the amount of catalyst, and the orifice plate structure parameters on the reaction. The results showed that under mild operating conditions and mild reaction temperature / pressure conditions, all experimental groups achieved a conversion rate of more than 90% in a reaction time of <3 hours, verifying that hydrodynamic cavitation technology can effectively promote the esterification process in the biodiesel preparation system.

[0009] The equipment's enhancement of solvent extraction mainly relies on the cavitation of the liquid, so any parameter properties that affect the cavitation effect will affect the extraction effect. Cavitation technology is applied to the extraction process, including solid-liquid extraction and liquid-liquid extraction. It improves and enhances the mass transfer rate and effect of extraction separation as a whole compared to conventional methods such as heat treatment, mechanical stirring or pressure change. Cavitation extraction can not only enhance the extraction process of conventional fluids on substances, but also enhance the extraction process of substances under supercritical conditions and improve the yield.

[0010] At present, cavitation extraction technology has been applied to the extraction of small amounts of samples in some industries, but its large-scale production application is still rare, and the corresponding extraction equipment is still immature. It is also necessary to strengthen the development of equipment and optimize process parameters. Summary of the invention

[0011] In order to solve the problem of how to use cavitation to strengthen existing chemical reactions, the present invention provides a liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation to solve the shortcomings of ultrasonic cavitation equipment currently used in production, such as higher energy consumption and lower equipment size scalability. It also overcomes the limitation that most of the hydraulic cavitation equipment currently studied cannot be well put into the production link.

[0012] Based on the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0013] A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation, the liquid-liquid reactor comprising:

[0014] The chamber A is provided with a first top surface and a first bottom surface with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and a first arc transition section is provided between the first top surface and the first bottom surface; a first liquid inlet pipe introduced tangentially is provided above the chamber A;

[0015] Chamber B is a flat disc-shaped chamber; the chamber B is provided with a second top surface and a second bottom surface; the chamber B is provided with a second liquid inlet pipe introduced tangentially;

[0016] A second arc transition section is provided between the chamber A and the chamber B; a third arc transition section is provided between the second top surface and the second bottom surface;

[0017] A liquid outlet pipe is provided at the center of the chamber A; a venturi tube structure is provided in the liquid outlet pipe;

[0018] A flow guide is provided at the center of the chamber B; the outer diameter of the flow guide gradually decreases from bottom to top; and the flow guide is provided with an end portion inserted into the liquid outlet pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid-liquid reactor further comprises: a first shell, a second shell, and a third shell; the first shell, the second shell, and the third shell enclose the chambers A and B.

[0020] Preferably, an angle α between a tangent line connecting the first arc transition section and the second arc transition section and the second bottom surface of the chamber B is not less than 45 degrees.

[0021] Preferably, the inner diameter d2 of the central hole located in the second arc transition section is not greater than the outer diameter d1 of the liquid outlet pipe.

[0022] Preferably, the distance h2 between the second top surface and the second bottom surface is not greater than the distance h1 between the second top surface and the inlet end surface of the liquid outlet pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the first top surface of the chamber A is inclined toward the liquid outlet pipe, and the distance between the first top surface and the first bottom surface is constant.

[0024] Preferably, the second top surface of the chamber B is inclined toward the liquid outlet pipe, and the distance between the second top surface and the second bottom surface gradually decreases toward the central axis.

[0025] Preferably, the guide member and the liquid outlet pipe move axially relative to each other; a gas channel is provided in the guide member, and an opening of the gas channel is provided at an end of the guide member.

[0026] Preferably, a spiral guide vane is provided in the liquid outlet pipe, and a plurality of flow holes are provided on the guide vane.

[0027] Preferably, the first liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid inlet pipe have opposite liquid inlet directions; the first liquid inlet pipe is evenly arranged at two locations around the circumference; and the second liquid inlet pipe is evenly arranged at two locations around the circumference.

[0028] The present invention provides a cavitation method for a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydraulic cavitation. The method comprises the following steps: a fluid medium to be treated is introduced into the chamber A via a first liquid inlet pipe, the liquid flow is accelerated in a spiral downward shape, and a rotating fluid vortex is formed. The fluid vortex forms a turbulent boundary layer in terms of flow technology, and the fluid vortex is guided by the guide member and moves in a reverse spiral upward direction. Meanwhile, a second fluid medium is introduced into the chamber B via a second liquid inlet pipe in a direction opposite to that of the fluid medium to be treated, and the second fluid medium forms a fluid vortex that rotates in the opposite direction. The fluid vortex is guided by the guide member and enters the inlet of a liquid outlet pipe in the same rotation direction as that of the fluid medium to be treated on the guide member, and passes through the throat of the venturi tube of the liquid outlet pipe, and a hydraulic cavitation reaction occurs.

[0029] The present invention provides a reaction device using a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydraulic cavitation, the reaction device also includes a reaction tank and a second fluid medium storage tank, the first liquid inlet pipe of the liquid-liquid reactor is connected to the reaction tank, the second liquid inlet pipe is connected to the second fluid medium storage tank; the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the reaction tank; a first booster pump and a valve are arranged between the first liquid inlet pipe and the reaction tank; a second booster pump and a valve are arranged between the second liquid inlet pipe and the second fluid medium storage tank.

[0030] The invention provides a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation, which is used for organic reaction, extraction, emulsification, separation and purification, and deep mixing.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. In the present application, the first liquid inlet pipe is used to introduce the fluid medium to be treated, and then the second fluid medium is introduced through the second liquid inlet pipe; because the two media are first mixed and then introduced together, a chemical reaction occurs in advance, resulting in an insufficient reaction, resulting in a lower yield than that of an ordinary reactor, or an incorrect local reaction ratio, resulting in the generation of a large amount of by-products; the introduction method of the present invention can meet the full mixing of raw materials in processes with higher reaction rates than traditional equipment, increase the contact area of ​​raw materials, thereby improving the yield and purity of the product and reducing production costs.

[0033] 2. In the present application, the dosage ratio of the second fluid medium to the first fluid medium can be adjusted in a wide range to meet various application requirements, and the dosage of the second fluid medium can be precisely controlled.

[0034] 3. The extraction efficiency of the present invention can be increased by 5%-30% compared with the general extraction device.

[0035] 4. The mixing uniformity of the present invention can be increased by 2-5% compared with the general mechanical stirring device.

[0036] 5. The yield of the present invention can be increased by 3-10% compared with the general mixed reaction device.

[0037] 6. The emulsification efficiency of this application can be increased by 12-20% compared with the general emulsification reaction device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation in Example 1.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation in Example 1.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation in Example 2.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation in Example 3.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation of Example 4.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation of Example 5.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of the reaction equipment structure using a liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation.

[0045] In the figure: liquid-liquid generator 1, chamber A10, first liquid inlet 100, first liquid inlet pipe 101, first top surface 102, first bottom surface 103, first circular arc transition section 104, second circular arc transition section 105, chamber B11, second liquid inlet 110, second liquid inlet pipe 111, second top surface 112, second bottom surface 113, third circular arc transition section 114, first shell 2, second shell 3, third shell 4, guide member 5, gas channel 50, liquid outlet pipe 6, guide vane 7, reaction tank 8, second medium storage tank 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydraulic cavitation, the liquid-liquid reactor 1 includes: a first shell 2, a second shell 3, and a third shell 4; the first shell 2, the second shell 3, and the third shell 4 enclose a rotating body chamber A10 and a chamber B11.

[0049] The chamber A10 is provided with a first top surface 102 and a first bottom surface 103 whose inner diameter gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the first bottom surface 103 is an arc-shaped surface; a first arc transition section 104 is provided between the first top surface 102 and the first bottom surface 103, and the radius of the first arc transition section is R1; a first liquid inlet pipe 101 introduced tangentially is provided above the chamber A10, and the first liquid inlet pipe 101 is provided with a first liquid inlet port 100 that passes through the chamber A10.

[0050] The chamber B11 is a flat circular chamber. The chamber B11 is provided with a second top surface 112 and a second bottom surface 113. The chamber B is provided with a second liquid inlet pipe 111 which is introduced tangentially. The second liquid inlet pipe 111 is provided with a second liquid inlet port 110 which penetrates the chamber B.

[0051] A second arc transition section 105 is provided between chamber A and chamber B, and the radius of the second arc transition section is R2; a third arc transition section 114 is provided between the second top surface 112 and the second bottom surface 113 .

[0052] Located in the chamber A10, a liquid outlet pipe 6 is provided at the center of the first shell 2; a venturi tube structure is provided in the liquid outlet pipe 6; the venturi tube structure is provided with a section with a reduced inner diameter, a throat, a section with a large inner diameter, and a section with a constant inner diameter from bottom to top inside the liquid outlet pipe 6. A spiral guide vane 7 is provided in the section with a constant inner diameter, and a plurality of flow holes are provided on the guide vane 7.

[0053] Located in the chamber B11, a flow guide 5 is provided at the center of the third shell 4; the flow guide 5 has an outer diameter that gradually decreases from bottom to top; the flow guide 5 is provided with an end portion inserted into the liquid outlet pipe 6, and a gas channel 50 is provided at the center of the flow guide 5, and the opening of the gas channel is provided at the end portion of the flow guide. The flow guide 5 can move axially relative to the third shell 4, and the liquid outlet pipe 6 can move axially relative to the first shell 2, and the axial relative distance between the flow guide 5 and the liquid outlet pipe 6 is adjustable. The outer shape of the flow guide 5 forms a smooth liquid flow channel with the second arc filter section R2.

[0054] The chamber A10, the chamber B11, the liquid outlet pipe 6 and the flow guide member 5 are all coaxially arranged.

[0055] The angle α formed by the tangent line connecting the first arc transition section 104 and the second arc transition section 105 and the second bottom surface 113 of chamber B is not less than 45 degrees, and the radius of the first arc transition section 104 is R1; the radius of the second arc transition section 105 is R2, R1>R2; the inner diameter of the center hole at the second arc transition section 105 is d2, and the outer diameter of the liquid outlet pipe is d1, d2≤d1; the distance between the second top surface 112 and the second bottom surface 113 is h2, and the distance between the second top surface and the inlet end surface of the liquid outlet pipe 6 is h1, h2≤h1; the inlet of the liquid outlet pipe 6 needs to be rounded to form a smooth flow channel between the inlet of the liquid outlet pipe and the first bottom surface 103 of chamber A10.

[0056] The first shell 2, the second shell 3, and the third shell 4 can be an integrally formed structure, or a structure formed in pieces and then welded together. The structure of the embodiment 1 is a plate-shell structure, which can be formed by bending a thin plate.

[0057] Embodiment 2:

[0058] like Figure 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the first shell 2, the second shell 3, and the third shell 4 are block-molded structures. The block structure uses thick plates and forms internal chambers through processing. The first shell 2, the second shell 3, and the third shell 4 are assembled together on the contact surface using fasteners, seals, and other sealing connection methods.

[0059] Embodiment 3:

[0060] like Figure 4 , which is different from Embodiment 2 in that the first bottom surface 103 of the chamber A10 is a conical surface, which is formed by rotating the tangent line of the first arc transition section and the second arc transition section around the central axis. Now, for Embodiment 2, processing is more convenient.

[0061] Embodiment 4:

[0062] like Figure 5 , which is different from Embodiment 3 in that the first top surface 102 of the chamber A10 is tilted toward the liquid outlet pipe 6, and the distance between the first top surface 102 and the first bottom surface 103 is kept constant. The angle α between the center line between the first top surface 102 and the first bottom surface 103 and the second bottom surface 113 of the chamber B11 is not less than 45 degrees.

[0063] Embodiment 5:

[0064] like Figure 6 The difference from Example 2 is that the second top surface 112 of the chamber B11 is inclined toward the liquid outlet pipe 6, and the distance between the second top surface 112 and the second bottom surface 113 gradually decreases toward the central axis.

[0065] The present invention provides a cavitation method using the above-mentioned liquid-liquid generator based on hydraulic cavitation; the method causes the fluid medium to be treated to be introduced into the chamber A10 via the first liquid inlet pipe 101, and the liquid flow spirally descends and accelerates; a rotating fluid vortex is formed, and the fluid vortex forms a turbulent boundary layer in flow technology, and the fluid vortex is guided by the guide member 5 and moves in a reverse spiral upward motion; at the same time, a second fluid medium is introduced into the chamber B11 via the second liquid inlet pipe 111 in the opposite direction to the fluid medium to be treated, and the second fluid medium forms a fluid vortex rotating in the opposite direction, and the fluid vortex is guided by the guide member 5, and enters the inlet of the liquid outlet pipe in the same rotation direction as the fluid medium to be treated on the guide member 5, passes through the throat of the venturi tube of the liquid outlet pipe, and a hydraulic cavitation reaction occurs; the liquid flow that undergoes the cavitation reaction then passes through a number of flow holes of the spiral guide vane 7 arranged inside the liquid outlet pipe, and the reaction process is further strengthened.

[0066] like Figure 7 The present invention provides a reaction device of a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation, the reaction device also includes a reaction tank 8 and a second fluid medium storage tank 9, the first liquid inlet pipe 101 of the liquid-liquid reactor 1 is connected to the reaction tank 8, the second liquid inlet pipe 111 is connected to the second fluid medium storage tank 9; the liquid outlet pipe 6 is connected to the reaction tank 8. A positive pressure gauge, a flow meter, a first booster pump, and a valve are arranged between the first liquid inlet pipe 101 and the reaction tank 8; a positive pressure gauge, a flow meter, a second booster pump, and a valve are arranged between the second liquid inlet pipe 111 and the second fluid medium storage tank 9. The gas channel 50 of the guide member 5 is connected to a one-way valve and a negative pressure gauge.

[0067] Working principle of the reaction equipment based on hydraulic cavitation liquid-liquid reactor:

[0068] The first fluid medium in the reaction tank 8 is drawn out by the first booster pump and introduced into the chamber A10 of the liquid-liquid reactor. At the same time, the second fluid medium is drawn out by the second booster pump and introduced into the chamber B11 of the liquid-liquid reactor. The first fluid medium spirally descends and accelerates in the chamber A10, and is drained by the guide member 5, and moves in the reverse spiral upward. The second fluid medium is reversely introduced into the chamber B11 with the first fluid medium, and spirally rotates in the chamber B11, and spirally rises through the guide member 5, and enters the liquid outlet pipe 6 in the same spiral direction as the first fluid medium. The two streams of liquid produce a hydraulic cavitation effect at the throat of the liquid outlet pipe 6. A gas channel 50 is provided in the guide member, and the gas channel is connected to a one-way valve and a negative pressure gauge. The gas is dissolved in the chamber A10 and the chamber B11 through the gas channel. And by adjusting the relative distance between the guide member 5 and the liquid outlet pipe 6, the cavitation intensity is adjusted.

[0069] Because the first and second liquid inlet pipes are both pumped in by a booster pump, and the diameter of the second liquid inlet pipe is smaller than that of the first liquid inlet pipe, the ratio of the second fluid medium to the first fluid medium can be adjusted in a wide range, and can be as low as 1 / 200. The amount of the second fluid medium can be precisely controlled according to various application requirements.

[0070] Liquid-liquid reactors based on hydraulic cavitation are used for organic reactions, extraction, emulsification, separation and purification, and deep mixing.

[0071] The application effect of the liquid-liquid reactor based on hydraulic cavitation is further explained below in combination with test cases.

[0072] 1. The water sample containing water-based paint cleaning agent of a certain enterprise was subjected to cavitation extraction and purification of the cleaning agent, and compared with the countercurrent extraction process. The steps are as follows:

[0073] (1) A solution of 10% aqueous paint cleaning agent was introduced into the cavitation extraction equipment pool and the countercurrent extraction tank connected to the liquid-liquid generator, 50 L each, and the equipment was turned on to extract the water sample.

[0074] (2) Both cavitation extraction and countercurrent extraction adopt multi-stage extraction operation. The time of a single cavitation extraction and countercurrent extraction is 10 min. They are treated several times respectively. After treatment, the aqueous phase and the organic phase are discharged separately after liquid-liquid separation.

[0075] (3) The organic phase after liquid-liquid separation enters the distillation equipment to separate the paint stripping agent and the extractant and recover them separately.

[0076] (4) Test the wastewater COD and extractant composition.

[0077] The remaining cleaning agent content in the solution after 4-stage treatment of cavitation extraction is 1.2%, and the remaining cleaning agent content in the solution after 5-stage treatment of countercurrent extraction is 1.3%. The processing speed of cavitation extraction is 20% higher than that of countercurrent extraction.

[0078] 2. The cleaning agent cavitation extraction process was applied to a 4500 mg / L phenol-containing water sample from a coal mine and compared with the countercurrent extraction process. The steps are as follows:

[0079] (1) 50 L of phenol-containing water sample was introduced into the cavitation extraction device pool and the countercurrent extraction tank connected to the liquid-liquid generator respectively, and the equipment was turned on to extract the water sample.

[0080] (2) Cavitation extraction adopts multi-stage extraction operation. The time of single cavitation extraction and countercurrent extraction is 10 min. The treatment is repeated several times. After the treatment, the aqueous phase and the organic phase are discharged separately after liquid-liquid separation.

[0081] (3) The organic phase after liquid-liquid separation enters the stripping equipment to separate the phenol and the extractant and recover them separately.

[0082] (4) Detect phenol in water samples.

[0083] The cleaning agent content remaining in the solution after cavitation extraction was 60 mg / L after 4-stage treatment.

[0084] 3. Emulsification and viscosity reduction treatment was applied to the heavy oil sample of a certain oil field and compared with the stirring emulsification process. The steps are as follows:

[0085] (1) 50L of heavy oil sample was introduced into the cavitation emulsification equipment pool connected to the liquid-liquid generator, the auxiliary material was emulsifier, the emulsifier ratio was 0.6%, the emulsification temperature was 50°C, the equipment was turned on, and the water sample was emulsified.

[0086] (2) Cavitation extraction uses a single-pole emulsification operation with an emulsification time of 10 min, one treatment, and discharge after treatment.

[0087] (3) Testing the emulsified samples.

[0088] (4) Comparative experiment, except that the equipment used was a stirring emulsification equipment, the other conditions were the same as (1)-(3).

[0089] Test data show that the average particle size of heavy oil particles after cavitation emulsification is 25 microns, which is smaller than the 40 microns after stirring emulsification. The viscosity after cavitation emulsification is 22mPaS, and after stirring emulsification is 37mPaS.

[0090] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent replacements or modifications made based on the present invention to solve basically the same technical problems and achieve basically the same technical effects are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation, characterized in that: The liquid-liquid reactor comprises: The chamber A is provided with a first top surface and a first bottom surface with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and a first arc transition section is provided between the first top surface and the first bottom surface; a first liquid inlet pipe introduced tangentially is provided above the chamber A; Chamber B is a flat disc-shaped chamber; the chamber B is provided with a second top surface and a second bottom surface; the chamber B is provided with a second liquid inlet pipe introduced tangentially; A second arc transition section is provided between the chamber A and the chamber B; a third arc transition section is provided between the second top surface and the second bottom surface; A liquid outlet pipe is provided at the center of the chamber A, and a venturi tube structure is provided in the liquid outlet pipe; A flow guide is provided at the center of the chamber B; the outer diameter of the flow guide gradually decreases from bottom to top; and the flow guide is provided with an end portion inserted into the liquid outlet pipe.

2. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid-liquid reactor further includes: a first shell, a second shell, and a third shell; the first shell, the second shell, and the third shell enclose the chamber A and the chamber B.

3. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle α formed between a tangent line connecting the first arc transition section and the second arc transition section and the second bottom surface of the chamber B is not less than 45 degrees.

4. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter d2 of the central hole located in the second arc transition section is not greater than the outer diameter d1 of the liquid outlet pipe.

5. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance h2 between the second top surface and the second bottom surface is not greater than the distance h1 between the second top surface and the inlet end surface of the liquid outlet pipe.

6. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first top surface of the chamber A is inclined toward the liquid outlet pipe, and the distance between the first top surface and the first bottom surface is constant.

7. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second top surface of the chamber B is inclined toward the liquid outlet pipe, and the distance between the second top surface and the second bottom surface gradually decreases toward the central axis.

8. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide member and the liquid outlet pipe move axially relative to each other; a gas channel is arranged in the guide member, and an opening of the gas channel is arranged at the end of the guide member.

9. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral guide vane is arranged in the liquid outlet pipe, and a plurality of flow holes are arranged on the guide vane.

10. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid inlet pipe have opposite liquid inlet directions; the first liquid inlet pipe is evenly arranged at two locations along the circumference; and the second liquid inlet pipe is evenly arranged at two locations along the circumference.

11. A cavitation method of a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The method introduces the fluid medium to be treated into the chamber A via a first liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid flow spirally descends and accelerates to form a rotating fluid vortex, which forms a turbulent boundary layer in terms of flow technology, and the fluid vortex is guided by the guide member and moves in a reverse spiral upward motion; at the same time, a second fluid medium is introduced into the chamber B via a second liquid inlet pipe in a direction opposite to that of the fluid medium to be treated, and the second fluid medium forms a fluid vortex that rotates in the opposite direction, and the fluid vortex is guided by the guide member and enters the inlet of the liquid outlet pipe in the same rotation direction as the fluid medium to be treated on the guide member, and passes through the throat of the Venturi tube of the liquid outlet pipe, where a hydraulic cavitation reaction occurs.

12. A reaction device using a liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The reaction equipment also includes a reaction tank and a second fluid medium storage tank. The first liquid inlet pipe of the liquid-liquid reactor is connected to the reaction tank, and the second liquid inlet pipe is connected to the second fluid medium storage tank; the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the reaction tank; a first booster pump and a valve are provided between the first liquid inlet pipe and the reaction tank; a second booster pump and a valve are provided between the second liquid inlet pipe and the second fluid medium storage tank.

13. A liquid-liquid reactor based on hydrodynamic cavitation according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used for organic reaction, extraction, emulsification, separation and purification, and deep mixing.

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