Preparation process of novel biological matrix material for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation project

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel biological matrix material for power transmission and transformation project slope vegetation restoration and a preparation process thereof. The biological matrix material is composed of crop straw, peat soil, a microbial agent, a water-retaining agent, an organic fertilizer, a coagulant and biochar. The preparation process comprises the steps of raw material preparation, fermentation treatment, quality detection, packaging, storage and the like. The biological matrix material has the advantages of low cost, strong nutrient supply capability, good water-retaining property and high stability; the preparation process is simple, easy to operate and suitable for large-scale production and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular to a preparation process of a novel biomatrix material for restoration of slope vegetation in power transmission and transformation projects. Background Art

[0002] With the construction of power transmission and transformation projects, it is inevitable that some damage will be caused to the surrounding natural environment, especially the slope area. The stability of the slope and the restoration of the ecological environment have become issues that need to be focused on in the construction of power transmission and transformation projects.

[0003] Patent document CN202310873721.2 discloses a fermented straw, a composite matrix and its application. The fermented straw can partially replace peat, providing a new type of composite matrix, which can reduce costs and alleviate the problems of peat resource shortage and environmental pollution. However, when the matrix in the above-mentioned prior art is applied to the slope, there may be problems such as poor stability of the matrix material, insufficient water retention, and unsustainable nutrient supply, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of slope vegetation restoration in power transmission and transformation projects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a matrix material for slope vegetation restoration with strong stability and good water retention and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a new type of biomatrix material for vegetation restoration on slopes of power transmission and transformation projects and a preparation process thereof to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A process for preparing a biomatrix material for vegetation restoration on slopes of power transmission and transformation projects, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: mixing the crushed crop straw and peat soil in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a mixed material A;

[0008] Step S2: adding an appropriate amount of water to the mixed material A to make its water content reach 50%-60%, and then adding microbial agents, the amount of the microbial agents added is 0.5%-1% of the mass of the mixed material A;

[0009] Step S3: stacking the mixed material A in a fermentation site for fermentation; during the fermentation process, turning the pile every 3-5 days, controlling the fermentation temperature at 50°C-60°C, and the fermentation time is 15-20 days;

[0010] Step S4: After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation product is mixed evenly with a water retaining agent, an organic fertilizer, a coagulant, and biochar in a mass ratio of 10:1:6:2:2 to obtain a new biological matrix material for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation projects;

[0011] Step S5: testing the nutrient content of the prepared biomatrix material to ensure that the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium meets the requirements; testing the water retention of the biomatrix material, placing a certain amount of the biomatrix material in a container, adding an appropriate amount of water, and observing its water retention capacity; performing a microbial activity test, using a plate count method to detect the number of microorganisms in the biomatrix material to ensure that the microbial activity is good;

[0012] Step S6: The qualified biological matrix materials are packaged and stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse, avoiding direct sunlight and humid environment.

[0013] Furthermore, the crop straw needs to be crushed into small segments with a length of 1-3 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the microbial agent comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and microbial mineralizing bacteria.

[0015] Furthermore, the water-retaining agent is γ-polyglutamic acid, and its water absorption rate is greater than 300 times.

[0016] Furthermore, the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the organic fertilizer is greater than 5%.

[0017] Furthermore, the coagulant is a mixed material of calcium chloride and industrial-grade soda ash, with calcium chloride and soda ash accounting for 50% each.

[0018] Furthermore, the biochar is a carbon-rich solid substance converted by pyrolysis of biomass in an anaerobic or hypoxic environment.

[0019] Furthermore, the packaging adopts moisture-proof and damage-proof packaging materials.

[0020] Furthermore, the biomatrix material for restoration of slope vegetation in power transmission and transformation projects is prepared by any one of the biomatrix material preparation processes for restoration of slope vegetation in power transmission and transformation projects in the above technical solutions.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] The biomatrix material of the invention adopts crop straw and peat soil as main raw materials, has wide sources and low costs, and realizes resource utilization of crop straw; by adding microbial agents, the nutrient supply capacity of the matrix material and soil fertility are improved, and vegetation growth is promoted; microbial mineralizing bacteria can induce sodium carbonate to decompose carbonate radicals, which react with calcium ions provided by calcium chloride to form calcite-type calcium carbonate crystals with adhesiveness in the gaps of the slope surface, so that a more compact ecological concrete matrix layer is formed on the slope after construction, and the shear strength of the ecological matrix layer is improved.

[0023] The addition of biochar can effectively increase the porosity and specific surface area of ​​the mixed matrix material, thereby effectively ensuring the aeration of the matrix material, ensuring the oxygen demand of microorganisms (the added microbial agent is an aerobic microorganism), reducing the oxygen stress of microorganisms, and meeting the needs of microbial respiration and metabolism; the addition of a water retaining agent improves the water retention of the matrix material, reduces water loss, and is beneficial to the growth and development of vegetation; after fermentation treatment, the organic matter in the matrix material is fully decomposed, the stability and air permeability of the matrix material are improved, and it is beneficial to the growth of the root system of vegetation. The preparation process of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and suitable for large-scale production and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The invention provides a novel biomatrix material preparation process for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation projects, comprising the following steps:

[0026] 1. Raw material preparation

[0027] Collect crop straw and crush it into small segments with a length of 1-3 cm; select peat soil to ensure that its organic matter content is greater than 30%; prepare microbial agents, which include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and microbial mineralizing bacteria; select a water-retaining agent with a water absorption rate greater than 300 times; prepare organic fertilizer, in which the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is greater than 5%; prepare a coagulant: a mixed material of calcium chloride and industrial-grade soda ash (sodium carbonate) (50% each of calcium chloride and soda ash); prepare biochar: a carbon-rich solid substance converted by pyrolysis (usually at a temperature of 300-700°C) of biomass (such as wood, crop straw and other organic matter) in an oxygen-deficient or low-oxygen environment.

[0028] 2. Fermentation

[0029] The crushed crop straw and peat soil are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a mixed material A; an appropriate amount of water is added to the mixed material A to make its water content reach 50%-60%, and then a microbial agent is added, and the amount of the microbial agent added is 0.5%-1% of the mass of the mixed material A; the mixed material A is piled in a fermentation site for fermentation. During the fermentation process, the pile is turned every 3-5 days, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 50℃-60℃, and the fermentation time is 15-20 days.

[0030] 3. Preparation of Biomatrix Materials

[0031] After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation product is evenly mixed with a water retaining agent, an organic fertilizer, a coagulant and biochar in a mass ratio of 10:1:6:2:2 to obtain a new type of biological matrix material for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation projects.

[0032] 4. Quality Inspection

[0033] The prepared biomatrix material is tested for nutrient content to ensure that the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium meets the requirements; the water retention of the biomatrix material is tested by placing a certain amount of biomatrix material in a container, adding an appropriate amount of water, and observing its water retention capacity; the microbial activity is tested by using the plate count method to detect the number of microorganisms in the biomatrix material to ensure good microbial activity.

[0034] 5. Packaging and storage

[0035] The qualified biological matrix materials shall be packaged with moisture-proof and damage-proof packaging materials; stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse, avoiding direct sunlight and humid environment.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Raw material preparation: collect corn stalks, crush them into small segments with a length of 2 cm, select peat soil with an organic matter content of 35%, prepare microbial agents, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and microbial mineralizing bacteria, select a water-retaining agent with a water absorption rate of 350 times, prepare organic fertilizer, in which the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 6%, prepare a coagulant: a mixture of calcium chloride and industrial-grade soda ash (sodium carbonate) (50% each of calcium chloride and soda ash), prepare biochar: a carbon-rich solid substance converted by pyrolysis at 500°C of organic matter such as wood and crop straw in an oxygen-deficient or low-oxygen environment.

[0038] Fermentation treatment: Mix the crushed corn stalks and peat soil in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a mixture A. Add an appropriate amount of water to the mixture A to make its moisture content reach 55%, and then add microbial agents. The amount of microbial agents added is 0.8% of the mass of the mixture A. Pile the mixture A in a fermentation site for fermentation treatment. During the fermentation process, turn the pile every 4 days, control the fermentation temperature at 55°C, and ferment for 18 days.

[0039] Preparation of biological matrix materials: After fermentation is completed, the fermentation product is evenly mixed with a water retaining agent, an organic fertilizer, a coagulant, and biochar in a mass ratio of 10:1:6:2:2 to obtain a new biological matrix material for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation projects.

[0040] Quality inspection: The prepared biomatrix material was tested for nutrient content, and the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 5.5%. The water retention of the biomatrix material was tested by placing a certain amount of biomatrix material in a container and adding an appropriate amount of water. After 24 hours, the water content of the biomatrix material remained above 80%. The microbial activity was tested by using the plate count method to detect the number of microorganisms in the biomatrix material. The number of microorganisms per gram of the biomatrix material reached more than 10^7.

[0041] Packaging and storage: The qualified biological matrix materials shall be packaged with moisture-proof and damage-proof packaging materials and stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse, avoiding direct sunlight and humid environment.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] Raw material preparation: Collect wheat straw and crush it into small segments with a length of 1.5 cm, select peat soil with an organic matter content of 32%, prepare microbial agents, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and microbial mineralizing bacteria, select a water-retaining agent with a water absorption rate of 320 times, prepare organic fertilizer, in which the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 5.5%, prepare a coagulant: a mixture of calcium chloride and industrial-grade soda ash (sodium carbonate) (50% each of calcium chloride and soda ash); prepare biochar: a carbon-rich solid substance converted by pyrolysis of organic matter such as wood and crop straw at 600°C in an oxygen-deficient or low-oxygen environment.

[0044] Fermentation treatment: Mix the crushed wheat straw and peat soil in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a mixture A. Add an appropriate amount of water to the mixture A to make its water content reach 52%, and then add microbial agents. The amount of microbial agents added is 0.6% of the mass of the mixture A. Pile the mixture A in a fermentation site for fermentation treatment. During the fermentation process, turn the pile every 3 days, control the fermentation temperature at 52°C, and ferment for 16 days.

[0045] Preparation of biological matrix materials: The fermentation product is evenly mixed with a water retaining agent, an organic fertilizer, a coagulant, and biochar in a mass ratio of 10:1:6:2:2 to obtain a new biological matrix material for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation projects.

[0046] Quality inspection: The prepared biomatrix material was tested for nutrient content, and the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 5.2%. The water retention of the biomatrix material was tested by placing a certain amount of biomatrix material in a container and adding an appropriate amount of water. After 24 hours, the water content of the biomatrix material remained above 75%. Microbial activity was tested by using the plate count method to detect the number of microorganisms in the biomatrix material. The number of microorganisms per gram of biomatrix material reached more than 10^7.

[0047] Packaging and storage: Pack the qualified biological matrix materials with moisture-proof and damage-proof packaging materials. Store them in a dry and ventilated warehouse, away from direct sunlight and humid environment.

[0048] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing biomatrix materials for slope vegetation restoration in power transmission and transformation projects, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: mixing the crushed crop straw and peat soil in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a mixed material A; Step S2: adding an appropriate amount of water to the mixed material A to make its water content reach 50%-60%, and then adding microbial agents, the amount of the microbial agents added is 0.5%-1% of the mass of the mixed material A; Step S3: stacking the mixed material A in a fermentation site for fermentation; during the fermentation process, turning the pile every 3-5 days, controlling the fermentation temperature at 50°C-60°C, and the fermentation time is 15-20 days; Step S4: After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation product is mixed evenly with a water retaining agent, an organic fertilizer, a coagulant, and biochar in a mass ratio of 10:1:6:2:2 to obtain a new biological matrix material for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation projects; Step S5: testing the nutrient content of the prepared biomatrix material to ensure that the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium meets the requirements; testing the water retention of the biomatrix material, placing a certain amount of the biomatrix material in a container, adding an appropriate amount of water, and observing its water retention capacity; Conduct microbial activity testing and use the plate count method to detect the number of microorganisms in the biological matrix material to ensure good microbial activity; Step S6: The qualified biological matrix materials are packaged and stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse, avoiding direct sunlight and humid environment.

2. The process for preparing a biomatrix material for slope vegetation restoration in a power transmission and transformation project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crop straws need to be crushed into small segments with a length of 1-3 cm.

3. The process for preparing a biomatrix material for slope vegetation restoration in a power transmission and transformation project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and microbial mineralizing bacteria.

4. The process for preparing a biomatrix material for slope vegetation restoration in a power transmission and transformation project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-retaining agent is γ-polyglutamic acid, and its water absorption rate is greater than 300 times.

5. The process for preparing a biomatrix material for slope vegetation restoration in a power transmission and transformation project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the organic fertilizer is greater than 5%.

6. The process for preparing a biomatrix material for slope vegetation restoration in a power transmission and transformation project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coagulant is a mixed material of calcium chloride and industrial grade soda ash, with the calcium chloride and soda ash each accounting for 50%.

7. The process for preparing a biomatrix material for slope vegetation restoration in a power transmission and transformation project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochar is a carbon-rich solid substance formed by pyrolysis of biomass in an oxygen-deficient or low-oxygen environment.

8. The process for preparing biomatrix materials for slope vegetation restoration of power transmission and transformation projects according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The packaging adopts moisture-proof and damage-proof packaging materials.

9. A biomatrix material for slope vegetation restoration in power transmission and transformation projects, characterized in that: The biomatrix material for restoration of slope vegetation in power transmission and transformation projects is prepared by a process for preparing a biomatrix material for restoration of slope vegetation in power transmission and transformation projects as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.