Self-adhesion one-way water guide silica gel fiber membrane as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flexible insulating materials, in particular to a self-adhesion one-way water guide silica gel fiber membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, in order to match high viscosity coefficients of liquid silica gel and a sacrificial layer fluid material, a corresponding electrostatic spinning platform formed by thermosetting polymer material fibers is designed, and an all-silica-gel flexible spinning material framework is built; the preparation method comprises the following steps: designing plasmas through a template to carry out patterning exposure on a single surface of a film, then self-assembling a layer of hydrophilic film at an exposure part, and curing hydrophilic groups on the surface and inside the silica gel fiber, so that the one-way water guide function and long-term stability of the finally obtained film material are realized; the core-shell structure spinning is flatly laid on the base membrane, so that the self-adhesion function under a full silica gel fiber framework is realized; and a new implementation path is provided for wearable bioelectronics and high-intensity exercise physiological detection base materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flexible insulating materials, in particular to a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silica fiber membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Silicone materials are widely used in the fields of biomedicine and optics due to their advantages such as good chemical stability, electrical insulation, thermal stability, flexibility, water resistance and oxidation resistance, biocompatibility, sterilizability, and optical transparency. The traditional preparation methods of silicone films (taking highly transparent polydimethylsiloxane PDMS as an example) mainly include spin coating, hanging coating, and spray coating to form a dense and non-porous film with controllable thickness.

[0003] With the development of wearable electronics, this dense material cannot meet the needs of breathable substrates and various functional porous support materials when worn for a long time. Chemical foaming and template methods have been developed to prepare stretchable porous silicone substrates. For example, (i) polymer particles (such as polystyrene), and then toluene is used to dissolve polystyrene beads; (ii) liquid mixture (such as water and ethanol), and then evaporation forms pores; (iii) water-soluble solutes (such as sugar), and then water is used to dissolve the solutes; (iv) chemical foaming method. For example, the method of using citric acid to crystallize and dissolve in PDMS to form small-sized foaming pores reported in an internationally renowned journal (npj Flexible Electronics (2023)7:49). The above methods are all suitable for the preparation of silicone foam materials, and the total thickness is difficult to accurately control. It is difficult to achieve precise control and preparation of the porous structure of ultra-compliant stretchable substrates and functional silicone materials (thickness of 10 μm and below).

[0004] One-way water conduction is a type of technology centered around breathable sweat-wicking flexible substrate materials. With the development of wearable devices, long-term wearing causes sweat to remain on the skin surface, which affects the overall device performance, reduces comfort, and even causes skin inflammation. In recent years, methods around breathable sweat-wicking and one-way water conduction have been reported one after another. Breathable perspiration strategies include adding a biphasic polymer to one side of the material (Mater. Today Phys., 2020, 12, 100191) - self-assembling a layer of thiol molecules on the surface of gold nanowires to increase the perspiration rate; unidirectional water-conducting strategies include: (i) using Janus biphasic spheres dispersed inside the fabric (Adv. Mater. Technol. 2022, 7, 2200040) to achieve the anti-gravity export of sweat across a certain thickness of the substrate material; (ii) a paper published in the top international journal Nature, using plasma technology to perform patterned etching on the surface of commercial textiles with a thickness of hundreds of microns (Nature, 2024, 628, 84-92), thereby generating hydrophilic permeable groups to achieve anti-gravity export of sweat. The above two unidirectional water-conducting technologies are both prepared on thicker substrates and are not well fitted to the skin. And due to the existence of a certain gravity, further fixation to the skin still requires the addition of other adhesive materials such as medical tape, which greatly reduces the sweating effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane and its preparation method and application. The preparation method provided by the present invention can prepare a unidirectional water-conducting functional porous silicone fiber membrane with an ultra-thin thickness, and the thickness is adjustable, and can realize the self-adhesion function under the full silicone fiber framework.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for preparing a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silica fiber membrane, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1) On the insulating material, the PVP solution and the PDMS diluted solution are coaxially electrospun to obtain a base film after curing;

[0008] S2) constructing a patterned surface on one side of the base film obtained in step S1), and curing the PVA solution on the patterned surface of the base film to obtain a unidirectional water-conducting base film;

[0009] S3) on the patterned surface of the unidirectional water-conducting base film obtained in step S2), the PVP solution and the PDMS diluted solution containing the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive are coaxially electrospun to obtain a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane after curing;

[0010] In step S1) and step S3), the receiving end of the coaxial electrospinning is located directly below the outlet end of the coaxial electrospinning, the outlet end is loaded with a positive high voltage of 15 kV to 28 kV, and the receiving end is loaded with a negative high voltage of 6 kV to 10 kV.

[0011] In step S1 of the present invention, first, on an insulating material, a PVP solution and a PDMS diluent are coaxially electrospun, and a base film is obtained after curing. Specifically, the present invention uses an insulating material as a spinning receiving plate and places it on the electrode plate at the receiving end of the coaxial electrospinning, uses a PVP solution as a shell component spinning solution (also known as a sacrificial layer component spinning solution), and uses a PDMS diluent as a core component spinning solution, and the PVP solution and the PDMS diluent are coaxially electrospun through a coaxial needle, the coaxial needle is placed at the outlet end of the coaxial electrospinning, and the receiving end of the coaxial electrospinning is located directly below the outlet end of the coaxial electrospinning, the outlet end is loaded with a positive high voltage of 15 kV to 28 kV and is directly connected to the coaxial needle, preferably a positive high voltage of 15 kV to 25 kV, and the receiving end is loaded with a negative high voltage of 6 kV to 10 kV and is directly connected to the electrode plate, preferably a negative high voltage of 6 kV to 9 kV, so that the insulating material is in a negative high voltage electric field. In some embodiments of the present invention, the insulating material is selected from high temperature resistant release paper, specifically fluorine release paper.

[0012] In order to match the high viscosity coefficient of liquid silicone and sacrificial layer fluid material, the present invention designs a corresponding electrospinning platform for thermosetting polymer material fiber molding, and performs coaxial electrospinning with positive and negative high voltage power supplies in the vertical direction. The positive voltage is loaded on the coaxial needle tip, and the negative high voltage is loaded on a metal heat conductive plate electrode with a certain shape and size perpendicular to the coaxial needle tip and directly below the nozzle. By uniformly arranging the negative high voltage on the shape control plate, the flying wire problem and the spinning pad molding problem can be well controlled to obtain a uniform full-through-hole product, thereby achieving precise coverage of the electric field tension in this direction within a limited pattern. Finally, the spinning solution forms a uniform and controllable fiber membrane structure on the insulating material.

[0013] The temperature of the receiving end of the coaxial electrospinning of the present invention is 100° C. to 140° C. The present invention further heats the two-component spinning solution ejected from the outlet end through a hot plate at the receiving end below, so that the micron-sized fibers are rapidly solidified to form a loose microporous structure with good air permeability.

[0014] The PVP solution in step S1) of the present invention is specifically an alcohol solution of PVP, more specifically a methanol solution of PVP; the weight volume ratio of PVP in the PVP solution is 15 (w / v)% to 20 (w / v)%. The PVP solution of the present invention is used as a spinning solution of a sacrificial layer component, and the spinning sacrificial layer material is selected by matching the mechanical properties to select a polymer hydrogel material with a higher viscosity. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the PVP is a polyvinyl pyrrolidone PVP (K90) with a high degree of polymerization.

[0015] The PDMS diluent in step S1) of the present invention comprises PDMS and a diluent in a weight ratio of (4-6):1. Specifically, the PDMS diluent is obtained by diluting PDMS with a diluent; wherein the PDMS is a thermosetting silica gel spinning material; in certain embodiments of the present invention, the PDMS diluent S is selected from Sylgard-184 diluent. The diluent is selected from one or more of n-hexane and cyclohexane. The present invention dilutes the thermosetting silica gel in a liquid state, thereby reducing the tensile load of the sacrificial layer fiber material at the high-pressure nozzle.

[0016] In the present invention, before the coaxial electrospinning, the PDMS diluent is heat treated at 60°C to 80°C for 15 min to 50 min, preferably 30 min to 40 min, and more preferably 38 min. In the present invention, before the coaxial electrospinning, the PDMS diluent is partially pre-crosslinked by heat treatment to increase the molding speed.

[0017] In step S1 of the present invention, the spinning speed volume ratio of the PVP solution and the PDMS diluent for coaxial electrospinning is (7-9): 3. In the present invention, PVP is used as a sacrificial layer to wrap the diluted pre-crosslinked PDMS precursor to form a core-shell structure for spinning, and a flexible and stretchable ultra-thin thermosetting silica fiber base membrane can be achieved by washing with ethanol or other solutions, and the thickness is adjustable from 5 μm to 50 μm.

[0018] After the coaxial electrospinning of the present invention is completed, the obtained spinning material is cured at 60°C to 80°C for 10h to 14h to obtain a base film. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the present invention transfers the spinning mat formed on the insulating material as a whole to an oven for further curing to obtain a base film.

[0019] After the base film is obtained, the present invention constructs a patterned surface on one side of the obtained base film, and solidifies the PVA solution on the patterned surface of the base film to obtain a unidirectional water-conducting base film. Specifically, the present invention peels the obtained base film from the insulating material, attaches one side of the base film to the patterned template, and encapsulates the other side, then vacuum plasma treats the base film for 90 seconds to 120 seconds to construct a patterned surface, and then coats the PVA solution on the patterned surface of the base film, and after standing for 8 min to 12 min, solidifies at 80°C to 120°C for 3 h to 4 h, and washes to obtain a unidirectional water-conducting base film; wherein the PVA solution includes 2 wt% to 5 wt% of PVA and 5 wt% to 10 wt% of glycerol, specifically an aqueous solution including 2 wt% to 5 wt% of PVA and 5 wt% to 10 wt% of glycerol. The present invention uses a template to design plasma to perform patterned exposure on a single side of a film, and then self-assembles a layer of hydrophilic film at the exposed portion to solidify the hydrophilic groups on the surface and inside of the silica fiber, thereby achieving the unidirectional water-conducting function and long-term stability of the final membrane material.

[0020] After obtaining the unidirectional water-conducting base film, the present invention performs coaxial electrospinning on the patterned surface of the obtained unidirectional water-conducting base film with a PVP solution and a PDMS diluent containing a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, and obtains a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane after curing. The coaxial electrospinning described in step S3) of the present invention is the same as step S1), and will not be repeated. The PVP solution described in step S3) of the present invention is the same as step S1), and will not be repeated. The PDMS diluent containing a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive described in step S3) of the present invention includes PDMS, a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, and a diluent in a weight ratio of (1.5~2.5):3:3, which is obtained by fully mixing PDMS and a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, adding a diluent for dilution, and then heat-treating at 60°C~80°C for 50 min~70 min; the PDMS and the diluent are the same as those described in step S1), and will not be repeated. The present invention is based on an electrospinning platform for thermosetting polymer fiber molding. After the homogeneous silicone pressure-sensitive material is diluted to reduce the viscosity coefficient, it is further mixed with the base silicone and spread on the base membrane through core-shell structure spinning, thereby realizing the self-adhesion function under the full silicone fiber framework and obtaining a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane.

[0021] The present invention provides a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silica fiber membrane obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method. The self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silica fiber membrane of the present invention is an electrostatically spun porous insulating material and also an electronic material. The finished membrane has a thickness of only 5 μm to 30 μm, and the mesopores are breathable, perspiration-conducting and water-blocking. Based on the constructed thermoplastic electrospinning platform, the fineness and pore size of the silica fiber can be adjusted.

[0022] The present invention also provides the use of the self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane obtained by the above preparation method in the preparation of wearable electronic devices. The self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane of the present invention can be prepared from highly transparent silicone and has colorless partial light transmittance after passing through optical matching oil. By mixing homogeneous silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, a self-adhesive full-fiber silicone film substrate is realized, providing a new implementation path for wearable bioelectronics and high-intensity sports physiological detection substrates.

[0023] The present invention provides a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane and its preparation method and application. The preparation method provided by the present invention designs a corresponding electrostatic spinning platform for thermosetting polymer fiber molding in order to match the high viscosity coefficient of liquid silicone and sacrificial layer fluid material, and builds a full silicone flexible spinning material framework; through template design plasma is patterned on one side of the film, and then a layer of hydrophilic film is self-assembled at the exposure part to solidify the hydrophilic groups on the surface and inside of the silicone fiber, so as to achieve the unidirectional water-conducting function and long-term stability of the final membrane material; through core-shell structure spinning and flattening on the base membrane, the self-adhesion function under the full silicone fiber framework is achieved; and a new realization path is provided for wearable bioelectronics and high-intensity sports physiological detection substrates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the electrospinning platform for forming thermosetting polymer fiber according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the SEM scanning electron microscope image of PDMS silicone fiber;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a group of pictures showing the anti-gravity unidirectional water-conducting effect of the silica fiber material film with unidirectional water-conducting function obtained in step 3) of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an optical photograph of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a front scanning electron microscope image of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a side scanning electron microscope image of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the peeling force test result between the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber base film and pig skin obtained in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8This is a graph showing the 24-hour water permeability test results of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention discloses a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this article and appropriately improve the process parameters to achieve it. It is particularly important to point out that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art, and they are all considered to be included in the present invention. The method and application of the present invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and relevant personnel can obviously modify or appropriately change and combine the method and application of this article without departing from the content, spirit and scope of the present invention to realize and apply the technology of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0034] Example 1

[0035] 1) Construction of electrospinning platform:

[0036] This paper first builds an electrospinning platform for difficult-to-spin thermosetting materials such as silicone, and then uses this spinning platform for spinning. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the thermosetting polymer fiber molding electrospinning platform described in the present invention, which consists of a two-component coaxial spinning system, a vertical fully insulated heating device and a power supply system; wherein the two-component coaxial spinning system includes a flow control pump and a coaxial needle connected to the flow control pump; the vertical fully insulated heating device includes a negative high-voltage electrode and a fully coated insulated hot plate placed on the negative high-voltage electrode, and the vertical fully insulated heating device is located directly below the coaxial needle; the power supply system includes a positive high-voltage DC power supply and a negative high-voltage DC power supply, the positive high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the coaxial needle, and the negative high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the negative high-voltage electrode.

[0037] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned coaxial spinning system, and spins based on the core-shell structure of the spinning fiber, converges the two-component liquid to the needle, and the shell component (sacrificial layer) assists the core component (silicone) to stretch the jet through an external DC electric field, thereby forming a spinning fiber structure. Secondly, in order to allow the thermosetting polymer to solidify in the fiber state as soon as possible, the following vertical fully insulated heating device design is made: ① dilute the thermosetting silica gel in the liquid state, thereby reducing the tensile load of the sacrificial layer fiber material at the high-pressure nozzle; ② after sealing, send it into the oven for partial pre-crosslinking to increase the molding speed; ③ the ejected two-component liquid is further heated at high temperature by the lower hot plate, so that the micron-level fiber is rapidly solidified to form a loose microporous structure with good air permeability. Finally, in order to match the high viscosity coefficient of the liquid silica gel and the sacrificial layer fluid material, a positive and negative high-voltage power supply system is designed in the vertical direction, the positive voltage is loaded on the needle, and the negative high voltage is loaded on a metal heat conductive plate with a certain shape and size perpendicular to the nozzle directly below, so as to achieve accurate coverage of the electric field tension in this direction within a limited pattern, and finally form a uniform and controllable fiber membrane structure.

[0038] 2) The specific steps of ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane are as follows:

[0039] ① The spinning sacrificial layer material is selected by matching the mechanical properties to a polymer hydrogel material with a higher viscosity. Here, the solute is polyvinyl pyrrolidone PVP (K90) with a high degree of polymerization, the solvent is methanol, and the weight-to-volume ratio of the solution is 19 (w / v)%;

[0040] ② Taking thermosetting PDMS (Sylgard-184) as an example of silicone spinning material, firstly, the two components AB of Sylgard-184 were fully mixed at a weight ratio of A:B=10:1 to obtain silicone liquid. Select n-hexane and cyclohexane as diluents and dilute them at a weight ratio of 5:1 (silicone liquid: diluent); after sealing, send them into a 70℃ oven for partial pre-crosslinking for 48 minutes;

[0041] ③ Assemble the colloidal solutions prepared in the above steps ① and ② and add them to the assembled spinning platform. Preheat the lower hot plate to 120°C in advance and maintain a constant temperature. Cover the negative electrode plate with high temperature resistant release paper (fluorine release paper). The sacrificial layer in step ① is the shell component, and the sacrificial layer in step ② is the core component. The coaxial needle is preferably G22-G17 / G23-G17, and spinning is performed according to the propulsion speed ratio ①:② of 7:3, with a positive high voltage of 15kV~25kV and a negative high voltage of 6kV~9kV, forming a spinning pad on the release paper;

[0042] ④ After spinning is completed, the spinning pad is transferred as a whole to a 70°C oven through release paper and further cured for about 12 hours.

[0043] 3) The specific preparation steps of the patterned unidirectional water-conducting function of the silicone fiber material are as follows:

[0044] ① The spinning mat obtained in step 2) is peeled off from the release paper, one side is attached to the patterned template, and the other side is encapsulated.

[0045] ② Place in a plasma cleaning machine for vacuum treatment for about 150 seconds;

[0046] ③ Coat a layer of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution on the surface of the template, 2 wt% low-viscosity PVA + 5 wt% glycerol, let it stand for 10 min, and then place it on a 100°C hot plate to cure for 3 hours;

[0047] ④ After washing the remaining liquid on the surface, remove the film. Take a scanning electron microscope photo of the obtained film. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a SEM image of PDMS silicone fiber.

[0048] The obtained film was subjected to a unidirectional water conduction test, and the test results were photographed through a surface contact angle optical lens, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a group of pictures showing the anti-gravity unidirectional water-conducting effect of the silicone fiber material film with unidirectional water-conducting function obtained in step 3) of Example 1 of the present invention. Under an optical microscope, it can be seen that water droplets are transported in the opposite direction against gravity from the bottom of the silicone fiber material film with unidirectional water-conducting function of the present invention (close to the skin).

[0049] 4) The specific steps of self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane are as follows:

[0050] ① Based on step 2), firstly, the two components of Sylgard-184 are fully mixed in a weight ratio of 10:1 to obtain Sylgard-184 glue solution, and then the obtained Sylgard-184 glue solution is mixed with the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, and n-hexane diluent is added to dilute, and the weight ratio of the Sylgard-184 glue solution, the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive and the diluent is 2:3:3.

[0051] ② After placing the mixed solution in ① in a 70°C oven for about 1 hour, the same PVP solution as in step 2) is used to spin the mixed solution in ① according to the same process as step 2) to obtain a self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane.

[0052] The obtained self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane was photographed by optical, front and side scanning electron microscopes. Figure 4~Figure 6 As shown, Figure 4 This is an optical photograph of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 5This is a front scanning electron microscope image of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a side scanning electron microscope image of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0053] The peeling force test of the obtained self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane was carried out, and the results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a graph showing the peeling force test results between the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane and pig skin obtained in Example 1 of the present invention, wherein F1 to F3 represent three repeated experimental curves.

[0054] The obtained self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane (denoted as PDMS spinning substrate) was subjected to a 24-hour water permeability test, and a commercial non-woven fabric substrate (i.e., non-woven medical tape) and a commercial PU substrate (i.e., PU medical tape) were used as comparisons. The results are shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a graph showing the 24-hour water permeability test results of the self-adhesive ultra-thin stretchable porous silica fiber-based membrane described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silica fiber membrane, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1) On the insulating material, the PVP solution and the PDMS diluted solution are coaxially electrospun to obtain a base film after curing; S2) constructing a patterned surface on one side of the base film obtained in step S1), and curing the PVA solution on the patterned surface of the base film to obtain a unidirectional water-conducting base film; S3) on the patterned surface of the unidirectional water-conducting base film obtained in step S2), the PVP solution and the PDMS diluted solution containing the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive are coaxially electrospun to obtain a self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane after curing; In step S1) and step S3), the receiving end of the coaxial electrospinning is located directly below the outlet end of the coaxial electrospinning, the outlet end is loaded with a positive high voltage of 15 kV to 28 kV, and the receiving end is loaded with a negative high voltage of 6 kV to 10 kV.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1) and step S3), the temperature of the receiving end of the coaxial electrospinning is 100°C to 140°C.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1), before the coaxial electrospinning, the PDMS dilution solution is heat treated at 60° C. to 80° C. for 20 min to 50 min; In step S3), before the coaxial electrospinning, the PDMS dilution solution containing the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive is heat-treated at 60° C. to 80° C. for 20 min to 50 min.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1), the spinning speed volume ratio of the PVP solution and the PDMS diluent is (7-9):3; In step S3), the spinning speed volume ratio of the PVP solution and the PDMS dilution solution containing the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive is (7-9):

3.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1), the weight volume ratio of PVP in the PVP solution is 15 (w / v)% to 20 (w / v)%; The PDMS diluent comprises PDMS and a diluent in a weight ratio of (4-6):

1.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2), the PVA solution includes 2 wt% to 5 wt% of PVA and 5 wt% to 10 wt% of glycerol.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2), the curing temperature is 80-120° C., and the curing time is 3 h-4 h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3), the weight volume ratio of PVP in the PVP solution is 15 (w / v)% to 20 (w / v)%; The PDMS diluent containing silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises PDMS, silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive and diluent in a weight ratio of (1.5-2.5):3:

3.

9. The self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silica fiber membrane obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the self-adhesive unidirectional water-conducting silicone fiber membrane according to claim 9 in preparing wearable electronic devices.

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