Construction method of long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel
By building long vertical and shortening horizontal rescue channels at disaster sites, the problem of inefficiency of traditional rescue methods has been solved, safe and efficient rescue channels have been achieved, and rescue efficiency and safety have been improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411830177.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
AI Technical Summary
In geological disasters or underground accidents, traditional excavator rescue methods are inefficient and time-consuming, making it difficult to rescue trapped people within the golden rescue time. Moreover, due to the loose collapse, secondary disasters are highly threatened.
The construction method of long vertical and short horizontal rescue channels is adopted, and the vertical and horizontal rescue channels are opened through the drilling rig, and the well wall is stabilized with casing, and gravel and soil slag are removed to form an accessible rescue channel.
It improves the safety and efficiency of rescue, with short paths, small earthwork and small investment in mechanical equipment, and can effectively rescue trapped people within the golden rescue time and reduce resource waste.
Smart Images
Figure CN119553957A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of emergency rescue, and in particular to a method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel. Background Art
[0002] When people are trapped in geological disasters, urban underground spaces, and underground mine accidents or disasters, traditional rescue methods usually use excavators for excavation. Take the rescue of the Alxa open-pit coal mine collapse accident in Inner Mongolia in February 2023 as an example. The accident caused the formation of an accumulation with a maximum thickness of 105 meters and a total volume of about 7.56 million cubic meters in the accident area. The soil, rock and rock mass produced by the collapse was in a loose state, and the stability of the slope was also extremely poor.
[0003] In the rescue operation, for people trapped in shallow layers, manual excavation or excavation by excavator can rescue the trapped people in a short time, so excavation rescue is suitable. However, for people trapped at a depth of several meters to tens of meters, the excavation volume required is extremely large. Simply relying on excavators for operation is inefficient and time-consuming, and it is difficult to ensure that people can be rescued within the golden rescue time.
[0004] In addition, due to the looseness and poor stability of the collapsed body, as the excavation work deepens, the air-exposed surface increases and the threat of secondary disasters is extremely high. Therefore, for the rescue of people trapped underground at depths of several meters to tens of meters, manual excavation or excavator excavation has many disadvantages, and new technologies need to be developed to meet the requirements of emergency rescue in the new era. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to improve rescue safety and efficiency, the present application provides a method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel.
[0006] The present application provides a method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel using the following technical solutions: A method for constructing a long vertical plus short horizontal rescue channel comprises the following steps: arranging the site, leveling the construction site, opening the rescue channel, the rescue channel comprising a vertical rescue channel and a horizontal rescue channel, before opening the rescue channel, determining the center of the vertical rescue channel by positioning a cross guard pile, laying a drilling rig pad, and demarcating a special area; moving the drilling rig onto the drilling rig pad; selecting a suitable drilling process, analyzing the construction environment and the formation composition, and formulating a construction process driven by formation characteristics; opening the vertical rescue channel, the vertical rescue channel comprising a vertical casing channel, installing the vertical casing channel with the drilling rig, and driving the drilling rig to drill the vertical casing channel; verticality detection, after installing the vertical casing channel on the drilling rig, performing a detection of the coincidence between the axis of the vertical casing channel and the design axis; drilling work, after the vertical rescue channel is constructed, constructing a horizontal rescue channel to form a targeted rescue channel, the horizontal rescue channel is driven by a propulsion assembly, and gravels and soil residues inside the vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel are cleared out of the targeted rescue channel to form a barrier-free rescue channel; rescue personnel carry out rescue.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, vertical and horizontal rescue channels are constructed to target the rescue of trapped persons. It has the characteristics of short path, small amount of earthwork, and small investment in mechanical equipment. The use of casing can stabilize the well wall while effectively isolating personnel and potential hazardous substances, thereby improving the safety of rescue, significantly improving the rescue efficiency, and buying precious time for rescue operations.
[0008] Optionally, the vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel are interconnected, the vertical rescue channel comprises a vertical casing channel, a connecting assembly and a pipe boot detachably connected to the vertical casing channel, the vertical casing channel comprises a window casing and a conventional casing, the window casing is located at the bottom of the vertical casing channel, the window casing and the pipe boot are detachably connected via a connecting assembly, the conventional casings are detachably connected via a connecting assembly, the window casing and the conventional casing are detachably connected via a connecting assembly, the window casing and the pipe boot are detachably connected via a connecting assembly, the rescue personnel connect the pipe boot to the window casing, and drive the vertical casing channel to the drilling rig via a connecting driver, the connecting driver comprises a connector and a driving flower pipe, the connector is detachably connected to the driving flower pipe, the driving flower pipe is detachably connected to the end of the vertical casing channel, and the inner diameter of the vertical casing channel is 800-1000mm.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting assembly realizes a stable connection between the casings and can achieve the purpose of internal and external disassembly. After completing the rescue, the rescue personnel can recycle the rescue channel to reduce the waste of resources and materials.
[0010] Optionally, a connecting female end and a connecting male end are respectively provided at both ends of the window sleeve and the conventional sleeve, and the connecting female end and the connecting male end are both provided with a plurality of connecting holes, the axes of the connecting holes are perpendicular to the axis of the vertical sleeve channel, the inner diameter of the connecting female end is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting male end, the top end of the pipe boot is provided with a connecting male end, the connecting male end is inserted into the interior of the connecting female end, and the connecting hole of the connecting female end and the connecting hole of the connecting male end are aligned with each other; the vertical rescue channel also includes a seat cushion fixedly connected to the interior of the connecting hole, and the seat cushion is provided with The mounting groove and the through hole are connected, the mounting groove and the through hole are closer to the axis of the vertical sleeve channel than the through hole, the side wall of the mounting groove is provided with an internal thread, the connecting assembly includes a connecting pin, an internal thread retaining ring and an external thread retaining ring threadedly connected to the seat cushion, the connecting pin is inserted between the seat cushions of the two connecting holes, the internal thread retaining ring is threadedly connected to the seat cushion mounting groove of the connecting male end, the external thread retaining ring is threadedly connected to the seat cushion mounting groove of the connecting female end, and the connecting pin is clamped between the internal thread retaining ring and the external thread retaining ring.
[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, when installing the vertical rescue channel, the rescue personnel first weld the seat pad of the male end of the connection to the connecting hole, weld the seat pad of the female end of the connection to the connecting hole, and then thread the inner threaded retaining ring to the seat pad of the male end of the connection. Then, the female end of the connection is lifted above the male end of the connection, and the torque groove and the torque block are aligned with each other. The female end of the connection is lowered so that the connecting holes are aligned with each other. Then, the connecting pin is inserted between the two seat pads, and the end of the connecting pin is abutted against the inner threaded retaining ring. Finally, the outer threaded retaining ring is threadedly connected to the seat pad of the female end to fix the connecting pin. The rescue personnel can fix the female end and the male end of the connection outside the vertical rescue channel, thereby improving the rescue efficiency. When evacuating, rescue workers only remove the inside of the threaded hole by unscrewing the bolt with external threads or other disassembly tools with external threads, loosen the internal threaded retaining ring from the seat cushion, and pull out the connecting pin from the inside of the mounting groove, thereby realizing the disassembly of the connecting female end and the connecting male end, reducing the possibility of the connecting pin being offset and moving in the mounting groove and the through hole, and achieving the purpose of recovering the vertical rescue channel.
[0012] Optionally, a rescue window is provided on the side wall of the first section of the casing, and the casing is provided with a disassembly plate and a disassembly strip, the disassembly plate covers the rescue window, the disassembly strip is detachably connected to the side wall of the casing, two ends of the disassembly strip are respectively located at the edges of the rescue window, the disassembly plate is located between the disassembly strip and the rescue window, and the disassembly strip is located at the covering part of the disassembly plate; the horizontal rescue channel is connected to the vertical rescue channel through the rescue window, the propulsion assembly is installed at the rescue window, the horizontal rescue channel includes a horizontal channel first section and a horizontal channel short section connected to the horizontal channel first section, the number of the horizontal channel first section is one, and the number of the horizontal channel short sections is at least one, A blind hole is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel short section, and a connector is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel short section. The connector and the blind hole are respectively located at two ends of the horizontal channel short section, and the connector and the blind hole are located at the same height. The connector of the horizontal channel short section is inserted into the blind hole of the adjacent horizontal channel short section. A blind hole is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel first section, and the connector of the adjacent horizontal channel short section is inserted in the blind hole of the horizontal channel first section; an end surface of the horizontal channel first section away from the horizontal channel short section is inclined toward the direction close to the center of the horizontal channel first section to form an outwardly inclined edge, and the outwardly inclined edge is an inclined surface; the horizontal channel first section and the horizontal channel short section are both arch-shaped.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the purpose of detachable connection between the first section of the horizontal channel and the short section of the horizontal channel is achieved. The outward-inclined blade can reduce the propulsion resistance of the propulsion member, making the movement of the horizontal rescue channel smoother and more labor-saving. The first section of the horizontal channel and the short section of the horizontal channel are both arch-shaped. The top of the first section of the horizontal channel and the top of the short section of the horizontal channel can both reliably support the stratum and improve the safety of the horizontal channel.
[0014] Optionally, the propulsion assembly includes a propulsion member connected to the vertical rescue channel, a top pad connected to the output end of the propulsion member, and a guide rail detachably fixedly connected to the vertical rescue channel, the top pad is clamped at the end of the horizontal rescue channel, the first section of the horizontal channel is located at the end of the short section of the horizontal channel away from the top pad; the top pad includes a connecting member and a clamping member, the connecting member is provided with a connecting groove, the output end of the propulsion member is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting groove, the clamping member is provided with a clamping groove, and the end face of the horizontal rescue channel abuts against the bottom of the clamping groove; the top pad also A weight-reducing hole is provided, and the weight-reducing hole is located at the center of the top pad; the connecting piece is composed of a plurality of ribs, and the ribs are arranged obliquely, one end of the plurality of ribs is opposite to the center of the clip, and one end of the plurality of ribs is fixedly connected to each other, and the other end of the ribs extends in a direction away from the center of the clip, and the plurality of ribs are arranged in a uniform circular array with the center of the clip as the center; the bottom surface of the horizontal rescue channel is slidably connected to the top surface of the guide rail; limit strips are provided on both sides of the guide rail, and the side surfaces of the horizontal rescue channel are slidably connected to the side surfaces of the limit strips opposite to each other.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the propulsion component provides power for the construction of the horizontal rescue channel, reduces the physical exertion of rescue personnel, and improves the rescue propulsion efficiency.
[0016] Optionally, the bottom of the pipe shoe is deeper than the bottom of the horizontal rescue channel.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, rescue workers can dump the gravel, soil and other debris cleared from the horizontal rescue channel to the bottom of the vertical rescue channel. Rescuers do not need to lift the gravel, soil and other debris to the ground, thereby improving rescue efficiency.
[0018] Optionally, during on-site layout, the leveling area of the construction site is greater than or equal to 15×20 meters, the drilling rig operation site is solid and flat, and the working surface slope is less than or equal to 4°; when positioning the cross guard piles, wooden piles are used to determine the center position of the rescue channel, and four cross control piles are set at a position with a radius greater than two meters from the center of the rescue channel; there are two drilling rig pads, and the drilling rig pads are made of steel; the special area includes the drilling operation area of the rescue rig, the drilling tool maintenance area, the hoisting operation area, and the drill cuttings storage area.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a stable on-site environment is provided for rescue and a stable and reliable working environment is provided for drilling rig operation.
[0020] Optionally, the selection of the drilling process, the drilling rigs and drilling processes involved are formulated based on the differences between different scenarios, and the construction process driven by stratum characteristics is formulated: for the Quaternary sandy soil, gravel, crushed stone soil strata without groundwater and the broken strata and complete soft rock strata in the bedrock strata, a rotary drilling rig is used for full casing drilling; when there are complete soft rocks and broken rock masses in the bedrock strata, and the hardness of the Quaternary gravel strata is relatively high, a rotary drilling bucket equipped with a single-handle cone is used; for relatively easy-to-drill strata For sandy and gravel formations that are difficult to penetrate, a pick-tooth sand dredging drill bucket is configured; for bedrock formations and water-bearing formations in the Quaternary formations, double-wall casing grouting water-stopping technology is used to form a waterstop at the junction of the aquiclude and the outer wall of the channel, or at the junction of the artificial roof layer and the outer wall of the channel; for intact hard rock formations in bedrock formations, during the drilling process of intact hard rock formations in the bedrock formations, down-the-hole hammer air reverse circulation drilling is used to construct a rescue channel; for formations containing large boulders or boulders, impact crushing method or barrel drill coring method is adopted for drilling.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution and selecting different construction techniques according to different strata, targeted rescue can be carried out to improve the success rate and safety of the rescue.
[0022] Optionally, when rotary drilling with full casing is adopted, the connecting driver is connected to the drill rig power head, and the drill rig power head is connected downwardly to the driving connector, driving flower pipe, casing, and pipe boot in sequence; when double-wall grouting water-stop drilling is adopted, the connecting driver is connected to the drill rig power head, and the drill rig power head is connected downwardly to the driving connector, driving flower pipe, casing, and pipe boot in sequence; when air down-the-hole hammer drilling is adopted, an air compressor and a cyclone are equipped, and from top to bottom are an air-water tap, a double-wall active drill pipe, a double-wall drill pipe, an orifice plate, a cross joint, and a clustered down-the-hole hammer; when impact crushing drilling is adopted, the auxiliary winch wire rope is connected to the "cross" impact drill bit to realize the free fall of the "cross" impact drill bit to crush the isolated rocks.
[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the rescue purpose is achieved.
[0024] Optionally, when drilling with full casing, gently press and slowly rotate the casing during the drilling process, with a downward pressure of 4-6 tons and a rotation speed of 6-10rpm; stop drilling when the first section of casing is 40cm from the ground; use 4 control piles to pull cross lines, measure the distance between the intersection of the cross guard pile positioning and the casing wall in the 90° direction, measure four sets of data for comparison, and require that the difference between the data does not exceed 2cm. If the error of the first section of casing exceeds 2cm, pull out the casing and reposition it for drilling until the center fit is less than 2cm; recheck every two casings; the fit between the upper end of the casing and the center of the channel can be carried out within an error of 2cm; disconnect the connection between the driving flower pipe and the casing, and carry out slag removal operations. The bottom end of the sand bucket is 0.5-1.0m away from the bottom end of the casing boot, stop removing slag, install the casing, and circulate drilling; when double-wall grouting and water-stop drilling, The double-wall grouting casing passes through the aquifer, and drilling is stopped when the pipe boot enters the top concrete or the tunnel top 5-10cm. The drill bucket is raised and grouting and water-stopping operations are carried out. The double-fast cement slurry mixed with retarder is transported to the bottom of the drill string through the built-in pipe of the casing. Grouting takes ten minutes and the casing rotates for two minutes. Grouting and rotation are then repeated. Grouting is stopped when the cement slurry volume reaches four cubic meters. It is left to stand for twenty minutes to ensure that the concrete slurry solidifies and forms an annular waterstop. A submersible sewage pump is lowered to evacuate the sewage at the bottom of the hole, and the rotary drilling rig lock rod is replaced with a carbide roller drill for drilling. When air down-the-hole hammer drilling is used, the drilling pressure is maintained at 50-60kN, and the rotation speed is controlled at 10-20r / min to control the drilling speed. The auxiliary winch wire rope is connected to the "cross" impact drill bit, and the drilling rig equipment controls the free fall of the drill bit. After the isolated rocks are broken, the rotary drilling bucket is used for slag removal operations.
[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The rescue channel constructed in this application has the characteristics of short path, small amount of earthwork, and small investment in mechanical equipment. The casing is used to stabilize the well wall while effectively isolating personnel and potential hazardous substances, thereby improving the safety of the rescue, significantly improving the rescue efficiency, and buying precious time for the rescue operation. This application designs a full casing construction solution for unstable formations caused by disasters or accidents. When encountering water-bearing formations, the double-wall casing is embedded with a grouting pipe to achieve the grouting water-stopping function, stabilizing the well wall while isolating potential dangerous substances to ensure the safety of the rescue channel; The equipment adopts modular design, and the assembly and disassembly between the drilling rig and the casing is simple and fast. According to the scene and the characteristics of the formation, the appropriate construction process module can be flexibly selected and equipped to ensure the efficiency of channel construction; In view of geological disaster rescue scenarios, it is proposed to set a horizontal window at the bottom of the large-diameter vertical rescue channel casing to realize the construction of a long vertical + short horizontal rescue channel; The present application designs an internal and external removal type connecting pin shaft for casing disassembly and assembly, thereby optimizing the casing pulling and removing operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel disclosed in Example 1 of the present application.
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the cross guard piles and pads in Example 1 of the present application.
[0028] Figure 3 This is the classification diagram of the water-free strata in Example 1 of the present application.
[0029] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of drilling process selection in Example 1 of the present application.
[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the double-wall grouting casing in Example 1 of the present application.
[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of grouting water stopping in Example 1 of the present application.
[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical + short horizontal life-saving channel rescue method in Example 1 of the present application.
[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of air down-the-hole hammer drilling in Example 1 of the present application.
[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of connecting the driver and the sleeve in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0037] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pipe boot in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0038] Fig.13 It is a partial enlarged view intended to emphasize the rescue window structure in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0039] Fig.14 It is a partial cross-sectional view intended to emphasize the connection relationship between the connecting female end and the connecting male end in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0040] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation tooling in Example 2 of the present application.
[0041] Fig.16 It is a cross-sectional view intended to emphasize the positional relationship between the vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0042] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first section of the horizontal channel in Example 2 of the present application.
[0043] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal channel short section in Example 2 of the present application.
[0044] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal channel short section in Example 2 of the present application.
[0045] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top pad in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0046] Fig.21 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the top pad in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0047] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram intended to emphasize the connection relationship between the guide rail and the horizontal channel in Example 2 of the present application.
[0048] Fig.23 It is a top view schematic diagram intended to emphasize the connection relationship between the guide rail and the vertical rescue channel in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0049] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. drilling rig; 2. connecting driver; 21. connector; 22. driving flower tube; 3. vertical casing channel; 31. window casing; 311. rescue window; 312. disassembly plate; 313. disassembly strip; 32. conventional casing; 4. pipe boot; 5. connecting female end; 51. torque groove; 6. connecting male end; 61. torque block; 7. connecting hole; 8. connecting assembly; 81. internal threaded retaining ring; 82. connecting pin shaft; 821. disassembly threaded hole; 83. external threaded retaining ring; 9. seat cushion; 91. mounting groove; 92. through hole ; 10. Propulsion assembly; 101. Propulsion member; 102. Top pad; 1021. Connector; 10211. Connecting groove; 10212. Weight reduction hole; 1022. Snap-in member; 10221. Snap-in groove; 20. First section of horizontal channel; 201. Outward-inclined blade; 30. Short section of horizontal channel; 40. Blind hole; 50. Connector; 60. Guide rail; 601. Limiting strip; 602. Screw hole plate; 603. Fitting plate; 70. Conical groove; 80. Snap-in hole; 100. Installation tooling; 1001. Torque stop; 1002. Conical protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0050] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Fig.23 This application is described in further detail. Embodiment 1
[0051] At present, in order to improve the safety and efficiency of rescue, the embodiment of the present application proposes a method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel.
[0052] The present application embodiment discloses a method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel. Figure 1 ,A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel includes the following steps: S1. Arrange the site, level the construction site, and open up the rescue channel. The rescue channel includes the vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel. Before opening up the rescue channel, the leveling area of the construction site is greater than or equal to 15×20 meters, the drilling rig 1 operation site is solid and flat, and the working surface slope is less than or equal to 4°; The center of the vertical rescue channel is determined by positioning the cross guard piles. After the site is leveled, wooden piles are used to position the cross guard piles. Four cross control piles are set at a position where the radius of the center of the vertical rescue channel is greater than two meters; refer to Figure 2 , lay out the drilling rig 1 pad, the drilling rig 1 pad consists of two pieces, and the drilling rig 1 pad is made of steel; demarcate special areas; the special areas include the drilling operation area of the rescue drilling rig 1, the drilling tool maintenance area, the hoisting operation area and the drill cuttings storage area.
[0053] S2. Move the drilling rig 1 onto the drilling rig 1 pad, erect the mast, and the vertical rescue channel includes a vertical casing channel 3. Install the vertical casing channel 3 with the drilling rig 1, and drive the vertical casing channel 3 to drill; ensure that the center line of the drilling rig 1 power head coincides with the center line of the vertical rescue channel, and the error does not exceed 2 cm.
[0054] S3. Reference Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present application, the strata are divided into four categories: Class I strata: Quaternary sandy soil, gravel, and crushed stone soil strata without groundwater, and broken strata and complete soft rock strata in bedrock strata; Class II strata: bedrock strata and water-bearing strata in Quaternary strata; Class III strata: complete hard rock strata in bedrock strata; Class IV strata: strata containing large boulders or boulders; Reference Figure 4 When constructing a vertical rescue channel, select an appropriate drilling process based on the stratum and environment. Analyze the construction environment and stratum composition, and develop a construction process driven by stratum characteristics; for the selection of drilling technology, the drilling rig 1 and drilling technology involved are based on the differences between different scenarios, and a construction process driven by stratum characteristics is developed, which can build a rescue channel under complex stratum conditions to achieve rescue of trapped people: For Class I formations, full casing drilling with rotary drilling rigs can effectively prevent hole collapse, rockfall and debris falling; when there are intact soft rocks and broken rock masses in the bedrock layer, and the hardness of the Quaternary gravel rock layer is relatively high, the rotary drilling bucket uses a sand dredging bucket equipped with a single-handed cone; for sand and gravel formations that are relatively easy to drill, a pick-tooth sand dredging bucket is configured; For Class II formations, combined with Figure 5 , using double-wall casing grouting water-stopping technology to form a water-stopping strip at the junction of the waterproof layer and the outer wall of the channel, or at the junction of the artificial roof layer and the outer wall of the rescue channel, to avoid accidents such as water gushing, sand gushing, and mud gushing; For Class III formations, during the drilling process of hard rock formations with intact bedrock, a rescue channel is constructed using down-the-hole hammer air reverse circulation drilling; For Class IV formations, drilling is carried out using the impact crushing method or barrel drill coring method.
[0055] When rotary drilling with full casing is adopted, the connection driver 2 is connected to the power head of the drilling rig 1. The connection driver 2 includes a connector 21 and a driving flower tube 22. The connector 21 is detachably connected to the driving flower tube 22. The driving flower tube 22 is detachably connected to the end of the vertical casing channel 3. The power head of the drilling rig 1 is downwardly connected to the driving connector 21, the driving flower tube 22, the vertical casing channel 3, and the pipe shoe 4 in sequence; When double-wall grouting water-stop drilling is adopted, the connector 21 is connected to the power head of the drilling rig 1, and the driving flower pipe 22, the double-wall grouting casing, and the pipe shoe 4 are connected downward in sequence; When using air down-the-hole hammer for drilling, it is equipped with air compressor and cyclone, and from top to bottom are air-water tap, double-wall active drill pipe, double-wall drill pipe, orifice plate, cross joint, cluster down-the-hole hammer; When using impact crushing drilling, connect the auxiliary winch wire rope to the "cross" impact drill bit to achieve the free fall of the "cross" impact drill bit to crush the isolated rocks.
[0056] When the full casing is drilled, the power head of the drilling rig 1 provides torque and downward pressure for the vertical casing channel 3. The vertical casing channel 3 is lightly pressed and slowly rotated during the drilling process, with a downward pressure of 4-6 tons and a rotation speed of 6-10rpm. The vertical casing channel 3 is drilled to a position 40cm above the ground and the drilling is stopped. Four control piles are used to pull cross lines to measure the distance between the intersection of the cross pile positioning and the wall of the vertical casing channel 3 in the direction of 90°. Four sets of data are measured for comparison, and the difference between each data is required not to exceed 2cm. If the error of the vertical casing channel 3 exceeds 2cm, the vertical casing channel 3 is pulled out and repositioned for drilling until the center fit is less than 2cm. After drilling two casings 3, the vertical casing channel 3 is rechecked. The fit between the upper opening of the casing 3 and the center of the channel can be performed within an error of 2cm. The connection between the driving flower pipe 22 and the casing 3 is disconnected to carry out the slag removal operation. The bottom end of the sand bucket is 0.5-1.0m away from the bottom end of the casing 3 boot. The slag removal is stopped, the casing 3 is installed, and the drilling is cyclic. Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 During the double-wall grouting and water-stopping drilling, the double-wall grouting casing 3 passes through the aquifer, and the pipe shoe 4 enters the top concrete or the tunnel top 5-10cm to stop drilling, and the drill bucket is raised to implement the grouting and water-stopping operation. Under the action of the grouting pump, the double-fast cement slurry mixed with retarder is transported to the bottom of the drill string through the built-in pipeline of the vertical casing channel 3. The grouting takes ten minutes, and the vertical casing channel 3 rotates for two minutes. After that, the grouting and rotation are repeated. When the cement slurry volume reaches four cubic meters, the grouting is stopped; it is left to stand for twenty minutes to ensure that the concrete slurry solidifies and forms an annular waterstop, as shown in the figure; the submersible sewage pump is lowered to evacuate the sewage at the bottom of the hole, and the rotary drilling machine lock rod is replaced with a carbide roller drill for drilling; Reference Figure 8 When the air down-the-hole hammer is drilling, the air compressor generates high-pressure gas to drive the down-the-hole hammer to vibrate, achieving the hammering effect on the bottom of the hole. The drill cuttings generated are returned to the ground through the drilling tool cavity under the action of the high-speed airflow generated by the air compressor. The drilling rig 1 provides downward pressure / lifting force for the drilling tool, the drilling pressure is maintained at 50-60kN, and the speed is controlled at 10-20r / min to control the drilling speed; When using impact crushing drilling, the auxiliary winch wire rope is connected to the "cross" impact drill bit, and the drilling rig 1 equipment controls the free fall of the drill bit. After the isolated rocks are broken, the rotary bucket is used for slag removal.
[0057] During the construction of the rescue channel, as the drilling depth increases, the stratum may change. In this case of variable stratum, the S3 process will be repeated until the channel is completed.
[0058] S4, installing the vertical casing channel 3, and installing the vertical casing channel 3 and the drilling rig 1; S5. Verticality detection. For full casing drilling and double-wall casing drilling, after the vertical casing channel 3 is installed on the drilling rig 1, the vertical casing channel 3 axis is detected to be consistent with the design axis. The mast of the drilling rig 1 is adjusted to correct the deviation to ensure the targeted guidance of the rescue channel. Then the drilling rig 1 drives the vertical casing channel 3 to drill; S6. After drilling and constructing the vertical casing channel 3, a horizontal rescue channel is constructed to form a targeted rescue channel. The horizontal rescue channel is driven by the propulsion assembly 10 to clear the gravel and soil debris inside the vertical casing channel 3 and the horizontal rescue channel out of the targeted rescue channel to form an accessible rescue channel. In such scenarios, the trapped area is surrounded by unstable geological structures. If a rescue channel is constructed directly above the trapped space, there is a risk of collapse of the trapped space due to construction vibrations. In view of this, the present application quickly constructs a vertical rescue channel next to the enclosed space where the trapped persons are located, and then extends a horizontal rescue channel toward the trapped persons. These two channels will effectively connect the trapped space with the outside world, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the rescue. Figure 7 As shown; S7. Rescue workers launched rescue operations. Embodiment 2
[0059] The specific structure and construction method of the vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel are disclosed in Example 2 of the present application: Figure 9-12 The vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel are interconnected. The vertical rescue channel also includes a connecting assembly 8 and a pipe boot 4 detachably connected to the vertical casing channel 3. The vertical casing channel 3 includes a window casing 31 and a conventional casing 32. The window casing 31 is located at the bottom of the vertical casing channel 3. The window casing 31 and the pipe boot 4 are detachably connected through the connecting assembly 8. The conventional casings 32 are detachably connected through the connecting assembly 8. The window casing 31 and the conventional casing 32 are detachably connected through the connecting assembly 8. The window casing 31 and the pipe boot 4 are detachably connected through the connecting assembly 8. The rescuer connects the pipe boot 4 to the window casing 31, drives the vertical casing channel 3 to be connected to the drilling rig 1 through the connector 21, and drives the flower pipe 22 to be detachably connected to the end of the vertical casing channel 3. The inner diameter of the vertical casing channel 3 is 800-1000mm.
[0060] Reference Figure 9-12, a connecting female end 5 and a connecting male end 6 are respectively arranged at both ends of the window sleeve 31 and the conventional sleeve 32, and the connecting female end 5 and the connecting male end 6 are both provided with a plurality of connecting holes 7, the axes of the connecting holes 7 are perpendicular to the axis of the vertical sleeve channel 3, the inner diameter of the connecting female end 5 is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting male end 6, the top of the pipe shoe 4 is provided with a connecting male end 6, and the connecting male end 6 is inserted into the inside of the connecting female end 5, and a torsion groove 51 is circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the connecting female end 5, and the number of the torsion grooves 51 is multiple, and the multiple torsion grooves 51 are arrayed along the central circumference of the connecting female end 5, and the depth and height of the multiple torsion grooves 51 are uniform. The outer wall of the connecting male end 6 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of torque blocks 61, and the plurality of torque blocks 61 are arranged along the central circumference of the connecting female end 5, and the depth and height of the plurality of torque blocks 61 are equal, the number of torque grooves 51 is equal to the number of torque blocks 61, and the torque grooves 51 and the torque blocks 61 correspond one to one. When the rescue personnel complete the installation of the sleeve 3 channel, the torque grooves 51 and the torque blocks 61 correspond. At this time, the connecting holes 7 on the connecting female end 5 and the connecting male end 6 correspond to each other, which is convenient for the rescue personnel to align the connecting holes 7 with each other, and it is convenient for the rescue personnel to install the sleeve 3 channel, thereby improving the rescue efficiency.
[0061] Reference Fig.14 The vertical rescue channel also includes a seat cushion 9 fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting hole 7. The seat cushion 9 is provided with a mounting groove 91 and a through hole 92. The mounting groove 91 and the through hole 92 are connected. The mounting groove 91 is closer to the axis of the sleeve 3 than the through hole 92. The circumferential inner wall of the mounting groove 91 is provided with an internal thread. The connecting assembly 8 includes a connecting pin 82, an internal thread retaining ring 81 and an external thread retaining ring 83 threadedly connected to the seat cushion 9. The connecting pin 82 passes through the two connecting holes 7, the two mounting grooves 91 and the two through holes 92, so that the connecting pin 82 positions and fixes the connecting female end 5 and the connecting male end 6. The internal thread retaining ring 81 and the external threaded retaining ring 83 are both provided with external threads in the circumference, the internal threaded retaining ring 81 is threadedly connected to the mounting groove 91 of the seat cushion 9 of the connecting male end 6, and the external threaded retaining ring 83 is threadedly connected to the mounting groove 91 of the seat cushion 9 of the connecting female end 5, thereby realizing a stable and detachable connection between the internal threaded retaining ring 81, the external threaded retaining ring 83 and the seat cushion 9, and the connecting pin 82 is clamped between the internal threaded retaining ring 81 and the external threaded retaining ring 83, thereby reducing the possibility of the connecting pin 82 being offset and moving in the mounting groove 91 and the through hole 92, thereby realizing the purpose of the connecting pin 82 firmly connecting the connecting female end 5 and the connecting male end 6 together.
[0062] When installing the vertical rescue channel, the rescue personnel first weld the seat pad 9 of the male end 6 and the seat pad 9 of the female end 5 to the connecting hole 7, and then thread the inner threaded retaining ring 81 to the seat pad 9 of the male end 6, and then hang the female end 5 above the male end 6, and align the torsion groove 51 and the torsion block 61 with each other, lower the female end 5 to align the connecting holes 7 with each other, and then insert the connecting pin 82 between the two seat pads 9, and make the end of the connecting pin 82 abut against the inner threaded retaining ring 81, and finally thread the outer threaded retaining ring 83 to the seat pad 9 of the female end 5 to fix the connecting pin 82. The rescue personnel can fix the female end 5 and the male end 6 outside the vertical rescue channel, thereby improving the rescue efficiency.
[0063] At the same time, refer to Fig.14 The end of the connecting pin 82 facing the inside of the vertical rescue channel is provided with a disassembly threaded hole 821. After completing the rescue mission, the rescue personnel disassemble the vertical rescue channel used for rescue. When evacuating, the rescue personnel screw the bolt with external threads or other disassembly tools with external threads to disassemble only the inside of the threaded hole 821, and loosen the internal threaded retaining ring 81 from the seat cushion 9, and pull out the connecting pin 82 from the inside of the mounting groove 91, so as to realize the disassembly of the connecting female end 5 and the connecting male end 6, reduce the possibility of the connecting pin 82 deviating and moving in the mounting groove 91 and the through hole 92, and realize the purpose of disassembling the vertical casing channel 3 from the inside. After the rescue is completed, the rescue personnel can separate the part of the vertical casing channel 3 that is tightly connected to the formation during the rescue process, and recycle the part of the vertical casing channel 3 that is easy to pull out and recover, so as to reduce waste.
[0064] Reference Fig.14 The middle outer diameter of the connecting pin 82 is larger than the outer diameters of both ends of the connecting pin 82. The inner thread retaining ring 81 and the outer thread retaining ring 83 are both provided with a clamping hole 80. The two ends of the connecting pin 82 are inserted into the inside of the clamping hole 80. The middle surface of the connecting pin 82 abuts against the inner walls of the two through holes 92, and the two end surfaces of the connecting pin 82 abut against the inner walls of the clamping hole 80. The clamping hole 80 is a boss-type hole. The end of the connecting pin 82 is an inclined surface in the circumferential direction. The middle position of the connecting pin 82 is a symmetrical cylinder. The outer diameter of the connecting pin 82 gradually decreases from the middle cylindrical shape to the outer diameters of the two ends, so that the connecting pin 82 can be limited by the clamping hole 80 and the through hole 92, and the stable connection of the connecting pin 82 is achieved.
[0065] Reference Fig.14 and Fig.15A conical groove 70 is provided on one side surface of the internal threaded retaining ring 81 facing the vertical rescue channel and a conical groove 70 is provided on one side surface of the external threaded retaining ring 83 facing the vertical rescue channel. The vertical rescue channel also includes an installation tool 100. A torque stop 1001 is provided on one side surface of the installation tool 100. A conical protrusion 1002 is provided on the other end of the installation tool 100. Conical grooves 70 are provided on the surfaces of the internal threaded retaining ring 81 and the external threaded retaining ring 83. The conical protrusion 1002 is inserted into the conical groove 70 to realize the disassembly of the internal threaded retaining ring 81 and the external threaded retaining ring 83.
[0066] Reference Fig.13 A rescue window 311 is provided on the side wall of the window sleeve 31, and a disassembly plate 312 and a disassembly strip 313 are provided on the window sleeve 31. The disassembly plate 312 covers the rescue window 311. In the embodiment of the present application, the disassembly strip 313 is detachably connected to the side wall of the sleeve 3 by means of threaded connection and bolts. The two ends of the disassembly strip 313 are respectively located at the edges of the rescue window 311, and the disassembly plate 312 is located between the disassembly strip 313 and the rescue window 311. The disassembly strip 313 is located to cover part of the disassembly plate 312. At the same time, the number of disassembly strips 313 is multiple. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of disassembly strips 313 is three, and the three disassembly strips 313 constrain the disassembly plate 312 to cover the rescue window 311. When the rescue window 311 is located beside the trapped space of the trapped person, the rescuers remove the disassembly bar 313 from the first section of the casing 3, release the constraint on the disassembly plate 312, and the disassembly plate 312 no longer covers the rescue window 311. The rescuers can build a horizontal rescue channel from the rescue window 311 to the trapped person's position, rescue the trapped person, and achieve the rescue purpose.
[0067] Reference Figure 16-Figure 19The horizontal rescue channel is connected to the vertical rescue channel through the rescue window 311. The propulsion assembly 10 is installed at the rescue window 311. The horizontal rescue channel includes a horizontal channel first section 20 and a horizontal channel short section 30 connected to the horizontal channel first section 20. The number of the horizontal channel first section 20 is one, and the number of the horizontal channel short section 30 is at least one. The horizontal channel first section 20 is located at the end of the horizontal channel short section 30 away from the top pad 102. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the horizontal channel short sections 30 is two, and the number of the horizontal channel first section 20 is one. A blind hole 40 is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel short section 30, and a connector 50 is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel short section 30. The connector 50 and the blind hole 40 are respectively located at the two ends of the horizontal channel short section 30, and the connector 50 and the blind hole 40 are located at the same height. The connector 50 is inserted into the blind hole 40 of the adjacent horizontal channel short section 30. The connectors 50 and the blind holes 40 on the adjacent horizontal channel short section 30 correspond one to one. The number of the connectors 50 is equal to the number of the blind holes 40. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the connectors 50 and the number of the blind holes 40 are both three. The three connectors 50 are evenly arranged on the end surface of the horizontal channel short section 30, so that the horizontal channel short section 30 or the horizontal channel first section 20 is subjected to uniform force. A blind hole 40 is arranged on one end surface of the horizontal channel first section 20. The number of blind holes 40 on the horizontal channel first section 20 is equal to the number of connectors 50 on the horizontal channel short section 30, and they correspond one to one. The connector 50 of the adjacent horizontal channel short section 30 is inserted in the blind hole 40 of the horizontal channel first section 20, and the connector 50 of the horizontal channel short section 30 is inserted in the blind hole 40 of the adjacent horizontal channel short section 30. The horizontal channel first section 20 and the horizontal channel short section 30 are connected in sequence through the connector 50 and the blind hole 40, achieving the purpose of detachable connection between the horizontal channel first section 20 and the horizontal channel short section 30.
[0068] Reference Fig.17 The surface of one end of the horizontal channel first section 20 away from the horizontal channel short section 30 is inclined toward the direction close to the center of the horizontal channel first section 20 to form an outwardly inclined blade 201, and the outwardly inclined blade 201 is an inclined surface; the outer diameter of the end of the outwardly inclined blade 201 is larger than the outer diameter of other positions of the horizontal channel first section 20 and the outer diameter of the horizontal channel short section 30, and the outwardly inclined blade 201 can reduce the contact area between the first section 20 of the horizontal channel and the stratum separating the trapped persons. At the same time, since the inner diameter of the channel formed after the outwardly inclined blade 201 passes is larger than the outer diameter of the horizontal channel short section 30 and the outer diameter of the horizontal channel first section 20 after removing the outwardly inclined blade 201, the propulsion resistance can be reduced, making the movement of the horizontal rescue channel smoother and more labor-saving.
[0069] Reference Figure 17-Figure 19The horizontal channel first section 20 and the horizontal channel short section 30 are both arch-shaped. The top of the horizontal channel first section 20 and the top of the horizontal channel short section 30 can both reliably support the stratum, thereby improving the safety of the horizontal channel.
[0070] The bottom of the pipe shoe 4 is deeper than the bottom of the horizontal rescue channel. Rescuers can dump the gravel, soil and other debris cleared from the horizontal rescue channel to the bottom of the vertical rescue channel. Rescuers do not need to carry the gravel, soil and other debris to the ground, thereby improving rescue efficiency.
[0071] Reference Fig.16 and Fig. 20 The propulsion assembly 10 includes a propulsion member 101 connected to the vertical rescue channel, a top pad 102 connected to the output end of the propulsion member 101, and a guide rail 60 detachably fixedly connected to the vertical rescue channel. At the same time, the end of the base away from the propulsion member 101 is an arc surface, so that the end surface of the base is more closely attached to the surface of the vertical rescue channel, improving the installation stability of the base. The propulsion member 101 is detachably fixedly connected to the window sleeve 31 through the base, and the base provides a position for the installation of the propulsion member 101. The propulsion member 101 pushes the horizontal rescue channel to move in the horizontal direction. In the embodiment of the present application, the propulsion member 101 can use a screw jack, which is convenient for search and rescue personnel to carry and convenient for installing the screw jack on the base.
[0072] Reference Fig.16 , Fig. 20 as well as Fig.21 The top pad 102 is clamped at the end of the horizontal rescue channel, and the first section 20 of the horizontal channel is located at the end of the short section 30 of the horizontal channel away from the top pad 102; the top pad 102 includes a connecting piece 1021 and a clamping piece 1022, and the connecting piece 1021 is provided with a connecting groove 10211, and the output end of the propulsion member 101 is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting groove 10211 to achieve a stable connection between the propulsion member 101 and the top pad 102, and the clamping piece 1022 is provided with a clamping groove 10221, and the end face of the horizontal rescue channel abuts against the bottom of the clamping groove 10221, and the outer surface of the horizontal rescue channel abuts against the groove wall of the clamping groove 10221, so as to limit the horizontal rescue channel, reduce the possibility of deviation between the horizontal rescue channel and the top pad 102, and improve the safety and stability of the propulsion work, and the top pad 102 increases the contact area for pushing the horizontal rescue channel and improves the driving stability.
[0073] Reference Fig. 20 and Fig.21The top pad 102 is also provided with a weight-reducing hole 10212, which is located at the center of the top pad 102 to reduce the weight of the top pad 102, making it easier for rescuers to carry and use it. The connecting piece 1021 is composed of a plurality of ribs, which are arranged obliquely, one end of the plurality of ribs facing the center of the clamping piece 1022, and one end of the plurality of ribs is mutually fixedly connected to the surface of the side of the connecting groove 10211 away from the propulsion piece 101, and the other end of the rib extends in a direction away from the center of the clamping piece 1022, and the plurality of ribs are arranged in a uniform circular array with the center of the clamping piece 1022 as the center; at the same time, refer to Fig.23 The bottom surface of the horizontal rescue channel is slidably connected to the top surface of the guide rail 60; the guide rail 60 is provided with limit bars 601 on both sides, and the side surface of the horizontal rescue channel is slidably connected to the side surface opposite to the limit bars 601. The guide rail 60 limits and guides the horizontal rescue channel, making the advancement of the horizontal rescue channel more stable.
[0074] Reference Fig. 22 and Fig.23 , a screw hole plate 602 and a fitting plate 603 are provided at the bottom of the guide rail 60, and a steel plate structure for connection is provided at the ends of the screw hole plate 602 and the fitting plate 603, so that the screw hole plate 602, the fitting plate 603 and the connection position are in a "U" shape, and the distance between the screw hole plate 602 and the fitting plate 603 is adjusted by bolts. When installing the guide rail 60, the rescue personnel clamp the vertical rescue channel between the screw hole plate 602 and the fitting plate 603, abut against the vertical rescue channel through bolts, tighten the distance between the screw hole plate 602 and the fitting plate 603, and fix the guide rail 60. Limiting strips 601 are provided on both sides of the guide rail 60, and the side surfaces of the horizontal rescue channel are slidably connected to the side surfaces opposite to the limiting strips 601. The limiting strips 601 limit the movement direction of the horizontal rescue channel, thereby reducing the possibility of deviation in the forward direction of the horizontal rescue channel.
[0075] The bottom surface of the horizontal rescue channel is slidably connected to the top surface of the guide rail 60, which limits the movement direction of the horizontal rescue channel, reduces the possibility of deviation in the forward direction of the horizontal rescue channel, and supports the horizontal rescue channel during its forward movement, thereby reducing the physical exertion of rescue personnel and improving the rescue advancement efficiency.
[0076] Furthermore, after the base and the propeller 101 are installed on the vertical rescue channel, the propeller 101 pushes the horizontal rescue channel to move, so that the horizontal rescue channel can be connected to the space where the trapped persons are located. At this time, the first section 20 of the horizontal channel and the short section 30 of the horizontal channel can support the stratum, thereby improving the safety of the channel and the space where the trapped persons are located. The rescue personnel first push the first section 20 of the horizontal channel to the space where the trapped persons are located through the propeller 101, and after clearing the gravel, soil residue, etc. inside the first section 20 of the horizontal channel, the first section 20 of the horizontal channel and the top pad 102 are disconnected, and the first section 20 of the horizontal channel and the short section 30 of the horizontal channel are connected, and the short section 30 of the horizontal channel is pushed forward through the top pad 102, so that the first section 20 of the horizontal channel and the short section 30 of the horizontal channel are both pushed toward the space where the trapped persons are located, and the gravel, soil residue, etc. inside the horizontal rescue channel are gradually cleared, gradually forming a reliable and stable channel for personnel to pass through, realizing the rescue of the trapped persons, and improving the safety and efficiency of the rescue.
[0077] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel, characterized in that: The steps include: After arranging the site and leveling the construction site, a rescue channel is opened, which includes a vertical rescue channel and a horizontal rescue channel. Before opening the rescue channel, the center of the vertical rescue channel is determined by positioning the cross guard piles, the drilling rig (1) pad is arranged, and a special area is demarcated; Move the drilling machine (1) onto the drilling machine (1) pad; Select appropriate drilling technology, analyze the construction environment and stratum composition, and develop a construction process driven by stratum characteristics; Opening a vertical rescue channel, the vertical rescue channel comprising a vertical casing channel (3), installing the vertical casing channel (3) with a drilling rig (1), and driving the drilling rig (1) to drill the vertical casing channel (3); Verticality detection: after the vertical casing channel (3) is installed on the drilling rig (1), the vertical casing channel (3) axis is detected to be consistent with the design axis; After drilling and constructing the vertical rescue channel, a horizontal rescue channel is constructed to form a targeted rescue channel. The horizontal rescue channel is driven by a propulsion assembly (10) to clear the gravel and soil residue inside the vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel out of the targeted rescue channel to form an obstacle-free rescue channel. Rescue workers launched a rescue operation.
2. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical rescue channel and the horizontal rescue channel are interconnected, the vertical rescue channel further comprising a connecting assembly (8) and a pipe boot (4) detachably connected to the vertical casing channel (3), the vertical casing channel (3) comprising a window casing (31) and a conventional casing (32), the window casing (31) being located at the bottom end of the vertical casing channel (3), the window casing (31) and the pipe boot (4) being detachably connected via the connecting assembly (8), the conventional casing (32) being detachably connected via the connecting assembly (8), the window casing (31) and the conventional casing (32) being detachably connected via the connecting assembly (8), The window sleeve (31) and the pipe boot (4) are detachably connected through a connecting assembly (8). The rescue personnel connect the pipe boot (4) to the window sleeve (31) and drive the vertical sleeve channel (3) to be connected to the drilling rig (1) through a connecting driver (2). The connecting driver (2) comprises a connector (21) and a driving tube (22). The connector (21) is detachably connected to the driving tube (22). The driving tube (22) is detachably connected to the end of the vertical sleeve channel (3). The inner diameter of the vertical sleeve channel (3) is 800-1000 mm.
3. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the window sleeve (31) and the conventional sleeve (32) are respectively provided with a connecting female end (5) and a connecting male end (6), the connecting female end (5) and the connecting male end (6) are both provided with a plurality of connecting holes (7), the axes of the connecting holes (7) are both perpendicular to the axis of the vertical sleeve channel (3), the inner diameter of the connecting female end (5) is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting male end (6), the top end of the pipe boot (4) is provided with a connecting male end (6), the connecting male end (6) is inserted into the interior of the connecting female end (5), and the connecting hole (7) of the connecting female end (5) and the connecting hole (7) of the connecting male end (6) are aligned with each other; the vertical rescue channel also includes a seat cushion (9) fixedly connected to the interior of the connecting hole (7), the seat cushion (9) is provided with a mounting groove (91) and a through hole (92), the mounting groove The mounting groove (91) is connected to the through hole (92), the mounting groove (91) is closer to the axis of the vertical sleeve channel (3) than the through hole (92), the side wall of the mounting groove (91) is provided with an internal thread, the connecting assembly (8) comprises a connecting pin (82), an internal thread retaining ring (81) threadedly connected to the seat cushion (9), and an external thread retaining ring (83), the connecting pin (82) is inserted between the seat cushions (9) of the two connecting holes (7), the internal thread retaining ring (81) is threadedly connected to the mounting groove (91) of the seat cushion (9) of the male end (6), the external thread retaining ring (83) is threadedly connected to the mounting groove (91) of the seat cushion (9) of the female end (5), and the connecting pin (82) is clamped between the internal thread retaining ring (81) and the external thread retaining ring (83).
4. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the window sleeve (31) is provided with a rescue window (311), and the window sleeve (31) is provided with a disassembly plate (312) and a disassembly strip (313), wherein the disassembly plate (312) covers the rescue window (311), and the disassembly strip (313) is detachably connected to the side wall of the window sleeve (31), and the two ends of the disassembly strip (313) are respectively located at the edges of the rescue window (311), and the disassembly plate (312) is located between the disassembly strip (313) and the rescue window (311). The disassembly strip (313) is located between the disassembly plates (312) covering the portion thereof; the horizontal rescue channel is connected to the vertical rescue channel through the rescue window (311); the propulsion assembly (10) is installed at the rescue window (311); the horizontal rescue channel comprises a horizontal channel first section (20) and a horizontal channel short section (30) connected to the horizontal channel first section (20); the number of the horizontal channel first section (20) is one, and the number of the horizontal channel short sections (30) is at least One, a blind hole (40) is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel short section (30), a plug-in connector (50) is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel short section (30), the plug-in connector (50) and the blind hole (40) are respectively located at two ends of the horizontal channel short section (30), the plug-in connector (50) and the blind hole (40) are located at the same height, the plug-in connector (50) of the horizontal channel short section (30) is inserted into the blind hole (40) of the adjacent horizontal channel short section (30), and the horizontal channel first section A blind hole (40) is provided on one end surface of the horizontal channel first section (20), and a connector (50) of an adjacent horizontal channel short section (30) is inserted into the blind hole (40) of the horizontal channel first section (20); an end surface of the horizontal channel first section (20) away from the horizontal channel short section (30) is inclined toward the center of the horizontal channel first section (20) to form an outwardly inclined blade (201), and the outwardly inclined blade (201) is an inclined surface; the horizontal channel first section (20) and the horizontal channel short section (30) are both arch-shaped.
5. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The propulsion assembly (10) comprises a propulsion member (101) connected to the vertical rescue channel, a top pad (102) connected to the output end of the propulsion member (101), and a guide rail (60) detachably fixedly connected to the vertical rescue channel, the top pad (102) being clamped to the end of the horizontal rescue channel, the horizontal channel first section (20) being located at an end of the horizontal channel short section (30) away from the top pad (102); the top pad (102) comprises a connecting member (1021) and a clamping member (1022), the connecting member (1021) being provided with a connecting groove (10211), the output end of the propulsion member (101) being fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting groove (10211), the clamping member (1022) being provided with a clamping groove (10221), the end surface of the horizontal rescue channel being abutted against the clamping groove The top pad (102) is also provided with a weight-reducing hole (10212), and the weight-reducing hole (10212) is located at the center of the top pad (102); the connecting piece (1021) is composed of a plurality of ribs, and the ribs are arranged obliquely, and one end of the plurality of ribs is directly opposite to the center of the clamping piece (1022), and one end of the plurality of ribs is fixedly connected to each other, and the other end of the ribs extends in a direction away from the center of the clamping piece (1022), and the plurality of ribs are arranged in a uniform circular array with the center of the clamping piece (1022) as the center; the bottom surface of the horizontal rescue channel is slidably connected to the top surface of the guide rail (60); limit strips (601) are arranged on both sides of the guide rail (60), and the side surfaces of the horizontal rescue channel are slidably connected to the side surfaces of the limit strips (601) that are directly opposite to each other.
6. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the pipe shoe (4) is deeper than the bottom of the horizontal rescue channel.
7. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the on-site layout, the construction site shall be leveled with an area greater than or equal to 15×20 meters, the drilling rig (1) operating site shall be solid and level, and the working surface slope shall be less than or equal to 4°; When positioning the cross guard piles, use wooden piles to determine the center of the rescue channel, and set four cross control piles at a location with a radius greater than two meters from the center of the rescue channel; The drilling rig (1) pads are two pieces, and the drilling rig (1) pads are made of steel. The dedicated area includes a drilling operation area of the rescue drilling rig (1), a drilling tool maintenance area, a hoisting operation area, and a drilling waste storage area.
8. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The selection of the drilling process, the drilling rig (1) and the drilling process involved are based on the differences between different scenarios, and a construction process driven by formation characteristics is formulated: For Quaternary sandy soil, gravel, and crushed stone soil layers without groundwater, and broken strata and intact soft rock strata in bedrock strata, a rotary drilling rig (1) with a full casing (3) is used for drilling; when there are intact soft rocks and broken rock bodies in the bedrock layer, and the hardness of the Quaternary gravel rock layer is relatively high, a rotary drilling bucket equipped with a single-handle cone is used; for sandy soil and crushed stone soil layers that are relatively easy to drill, a pick-tooth sand drilling bucket is configured; For water-bearing strata in bedrock strata and Quaternary strata, a double-walled casing (3) grouting water-stopping technology is used to form a water-stopping strip at the junction of the water-blocking layer and the outer wall of the channel, or at the junction of the artificial roof layer and the outer wall of the channel; For intact hard rock formations in bedrock formations, during the drilling process of intact hard rock formations in bedrock, down-the-hole hammer air reverse circulation drilling is used to construct a rescue channel; For formations containing large boulders or boulders, drilling is carried out using the impact crushing method or barrel drill coring method.
9. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 8, characterized in that: When drilling with a rotary full casing (3), the connecting driver (2) is connected to the power head of the drilling rig (1), and the power head of the drilling rig (1) is connected downward in sequence to the driving connector (21), the driving flower pipe (22), the casing (3), and the pipe shoe (4); When double-wall grouting water-stop drilling is adopted, the connecting driver (2) is connected to the power head of the drilling rig (1), the connector (21), the driving flower pipe (22), the casing (3), and the pipe shoe (4); When using air down-the-hole hammer for drilling, it is equipped with air compressor and cyclone, and from top to bottom are air-water tap, double-wall active drill pipe, double-wall drill pipe, orifice plate, cross joint, cluster down-the-hole hammer; When using impact crushing drilling, connect the auxiliary winch wire rope to the "cross" impact drill bit to achieve the free fall of the "cross" impact drill bit to crush the isolated rocks.
10. A method for constructing a long vertical and short horizontal rescue channel according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the full casing (3) is drilled, the casing (3) is gently pressed and rotated slowly during the drilling process, with a downward pressure of 4-6 tons and a rotation speed of 6-10rpm; the first section of the casing (3) is drilled to the upper end 40cm from the ground and the drilling is stopped; four control piles are used to pull cross lines to measure the distance between the cross guard pile positioning intersection and the casing (3) wall in the direction of 90°, and four groups of data are measured for comparison, requiring that the difference between the data does not exceed 2cm. If the error of the first section of the casing (3) exceeds 2cm, the casing (3) is pulled out and repositioned for drilling until the center fit is less than 2cm; after drilling two casings (3), a recheck is performed; the fit between the upper end of the casing (3) and the center of the channel can be carried out within an error of 2cm; the connection between the driving flower pipe (22) and the casing (3) is disconnected, and the slag removal operation is carried out, the bottom end of the sand bucket is 0.5-1.0m away from the bottom end of the casing (3) boot, the slag removal is stopped, the casing (3) is installed, and the drilling is cyclic; During double-wall grouting and water-stopping drilling, the double-wall grouting casing (3) passes through the aquifer, and the pipe shoe (4) stops drilling when it enters the top concrete or the tunnel top 5-10 cm, and the drill bucket is raised to carry out grouting and water-stopping operations. The double-fast cement slurry mixed with a retarder is transported to the bottom of the drill string through the built-in pipeline of the casing (3). Grouting takes ten minutes, and the casing (3) rotates for two minutes. Grouting and rotation are then repeated. Grouting is stopped when the amount of cement slurry reaches four cubic meters; the concrete slurry is allowed to stand for twenty minutes to ensure that the concrete slurry solidifies and forms an annular waterstop; a submersible sewage pump is lowered to evacuate the sewage at the bottom of the hole, and the rotary drilling machine lock rod is replaced with a carbide cone drill to proceed with drilling; When using air down-the-hole hammer drilling, the drilling pressure is maintained at 50-60 kN, and the rotation speed is controlled at 10-20 r / min to control the drilling speed; the auxiliary winch wire rope is connected to the "cross" impact drill bit, and the drilling rig (1) equipment controls the free fall of the drill bit. After the isolated rocks are broken, the rotary bucket is used for slag removal.