A structure and construction method for blocking mud and water inrush in hydraulic tunnels

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular, relates to a structure and construction method for plugging sudden mud and water gushing in a hydraulic tunnel, wherein the plugging structure includes a first plugging structure located at the head end and a plurality of second plugging structures connected in sequence, wherein the first plugging structure is connected to the adjacent second plugging structures; the first plugging structure is connected to the plurality of second plugging structures to form a plugging wall, and the plugging wall is used to plug the sudden mud and water gushing channel, and the first plugging structure and the second plugging structure are both provided with channels for grouting inside, and a construction method for the above-mentioned plugging structure is provided. The present invention connects the first plugging structure with the plurality of second plugging structures, and provides channels for grouting inside them, and forms an overall plugging structure system through grouting, which has high bearing capacity, solves the problem that the grouting slurry is easily dispersed by water under karst dynamic water conditions, and the karst fissures are interconnected, resulting in a large amount of grouting slurry leaking out, and is helpful for groundwater environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular relates to a structure and a construction method for plugging sudden mud and water gushing in a hydraulic tunnel. Background Art

[0002] At present, hydraulic tunnels in karst areas can be excavated or pipe-jacked. In the tunnel excavation and pipe-jacking of water conservancy projects in karst areas, the mud and water inrush in karst caves, karst pipes, and sections with strong fissure development are usually treated by the following methods:

[0003] 1. Conventional water conservancy projects use water-blocking curtain grouting to block water flow. However, for karst pipes with large water flow, water-blocking curtain grouting cannot block water flow, and the outflow of slurry wastes a lot of project investment and pollutes groundwater environment and water resources;

[0004] 2. Use conventional water conservancy engineering water blocking curtain grouting to block and plug. For caves and karst pipes with sudden mud gushing, grouting is done in the silt filled in them. The cement slurry and silt cannot be mixed and solidified, and there is almost no effect, and the blocking effect cannot be achieved;

[0005] 3. Seal by implementing freezing technology, but this technology has high requirements and large investment.

[0006] Considering that mud and water bursts frequently occur during the construction of water conservancy projects in karst areas, the existing construction methods are difficult to meet the requirements of safe construction and cannot overcome the problem that cement slurry and silt cannot be mixed and solidified. Therefore, a structure and construction method for sealing mud and water bursts in hydraulic tunnels is urgently needed to solve the problem. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a structure and construction method for blocking mud and water gushing in a hydraulic tunnel, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] A structure for blocking mud and water inrush in tunnels and jacking pipes of water conservancy projects, comprising: a first blocking structure at the head end and a plurality of second blocking structures that are sequentially engaged and connected, wherein the first blocking structure is engaged and connected with the adjacent second blocking structures;

[0010] The first blocking structure and a plurality of the second blocking structures are engaged with each other to form a wall, and the wall is used to block the mud and water gushing channel;

[0011] The first blocking structure and the second blocking structure are both provided with channels for grouting.

[0012] Optionally, the first blocking structure is composed of a plurality of units arranged side by side.

[0013] Optionally, the second blocking structure includes a plurality of units 2 arranged side by side, and the unit 2 of the preceding second blocking structure is engaged with the unit 2 of the following second blocking structure;

[0014] The unit 2 adjacent to the first blocking structure is engaged with the corresponding unit 1.

[0015] Optionally, the unit 1 includes a tube 1, and a T-shaped connector 1 for engaging with the unit 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the tube 1.

[0016] Optionally, the second unit includes a second tube, one side of the second tube is fixedly connected to a second T-shaped connector, and the other side of the second tube is fixedly connected to a hook groove;

[0017] The T-shaped connector 1 has the same structure as the T-shaped connector 2;

[0018] The hook groove matches the structure of the T-shaped connector;

[0019] The T-shaped connector 1 of the unit 1 is limitedly matched with the hook groove of the adjacent unit 2, and the units 2 of two adjacent second blocking structures are limitedly matched with each other through the T-shaped connector 2 and the hook groove.

[0020] A construction method of a mud and water gushing plugging structure, using the above-mentioned structure for plugging mud and water gushing in a tunnel or a jacking pipe of a water conservancy project, comprises the following steps:

[0021] The size of the wall is designed according to the size of the karst pipe or cave, and the walls are arranged in sequence on both sides of the tunnel face;

[0022] The construction steps of the wall include:

[0023] Drilling a bottom hole so that the bottom hole passes through the karst pipe or cave;

[0024] Inserting the first blocking structure into the bottom hole, and drilling a channel above the bottom hole;

[0025] Inserting the second blocking structure into the hole above the first blocking structure, and making the second blocking structure engage with the first blocking structure;

[0026] Drilling a hole again along the height direction and placing the second blocking structure therein, so that two adjacent second blocking structures are engaged and connected, and repeating this step until the height of the formed wall meets the design requirements;

[0027] The wall is formed after grouting in the bottom hole and the plurality of the ducts as well as in the first blocking structure and the second blocking structure.

[0028] Optionally, the ratio of the wall height to the karst pipe or cave diameter is not less than 1.5.

[0029] Optionally, the drilling direction of one of the walls has an angle of 90° with the karst pipeline or cave wall, and the drilling direction of the other wall has an angle of 90° with the karst pipeline or cave wall.

[0030] Optionally, cement slurry with a cement to water ratio of 1:1 is used for grouting, and the grouting pressure does not exceed 1.0 MPa.

[0031] Optionally, multiple walls may be provided on each side of the tunnel face according to bearing capacity requirements.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0033] When in use, a wall consisting of a first blocking structure and a second blocking structure that are interlocked and connected is built on the mud and water gushing channel, and the wall is set on both sides of the heading face to achieve blocking of the mud and water gushing channel. The wall is composed of a first blocking structure and a plurality of second blocking structures that are interlocked and connected. On the one hand, the stability of the wall can be improved. After the first blocking structure and the plurality of second blocking structures are built, grouting is performed inside them, which solves the problem that the grouting slurry is easily dispersed by water under karst water flow conditions and that the karst fissures are interconnected, resulting in a large amount of grouting slurry leaking out, which is helpful for groundwater environmental protection. On the other hand, the first blocking structure and the second blocking structure that constitute the wall are simple in structure and easy to manufacture, which is conducive to reducing construction difficulty and saving investment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of unit 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of unit 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after unit 1 and unit 2 of the present invention are spliced ​​together;

[0038] Figure 4 It is the construction plan of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a construction elevation drawing of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a side view of the blocking structure of the present invention;

[0041] Among them, 1, unit one; 2, unit two; 101, pipe one; 102, T-shaped connector one; 201, pipe two; 202, T-shaped connector two; 203, hook groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The present invention discloses a structure for plugging mud and water inrush in tunnels and top pipes of water conservancy projects, comprising: a first plugging structure at the head end and a plurality of second plugging structures that are sequentially occluded and connected, wherein the first plugging structure is occluded and connected with the adjacent second plugging structures;

[0045] The first blocking structure and a plurality of second blocking structures form a wall, and the wall is used to block the mud and water gushing channel;

[0046] The first blocking structure and the second blocking structure are both provided with channels for grouting.

[0047] When in use, a wall consisting of a first blocking structure and a second blocking structure is built on the mud and water gushing channel, and the wall is arranged on both sides of the heading face to achieve blocking of the mud and water gushing channel. The wall is composed of the first blocking structure and a plurality of second blocking structures that are interlocked and spliced. On the one hand, the stability of the wall can be improved. After the first blocking structure and the plurality of second blocking structures are built, grouting is performed in the grouting channels provided therein, which solves the problems that the grouting slurry is easily dispersed by water under karst water movement conditions and that the karst fissures are interconnected, resulting in a large amount of grouting slurry leaking out, which is helpful for groundwater environmental protection. On the other hand, the first blocking structure and the second blocking structure that constitute the wall are simple in structure and easy to manufacture, which is conducive to reducing construction difficulty and saving investment costs.

[0048] As an optional implementation, the first blocking structure is composed of a plurality of units 1 arranged side by side.

[0049] As an optional embodiment, the second blocking structure includes a plurality of units 2 arranged side by side, and the unit 2 2 of the preceding second blocking structure is engaged with the unit 2 2 of the following second blocking structure;

[0050] The unit two 2 adjacent to the first blocking structure is connected to the corresponding unit one 1.

[0051] As an optional embodiment, unit 1 includes a tube 101, and a T-shaped connector 102 for connecting with unit 2 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the tube 101.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, the unit 2 includes a tube 201, a T-shaped connector 202 is fixedly connected to one side of the tube 201, and a hook groove 203 is fixedly connected to the other side of the tube 201;

[0053] The T-shaped connector 102 and the T-shaped connector 202 have the same structure;

[0054] The hook groove 203 matches the structure of the T-shaped connector 102;

[0055] The T-shaped connector 102 of unit 1 is limitedly matched with the hook groove 203 of the adjacent unit 2 2, and the units 2 2 of two adjacent second blocking structures are limitedly matched by the T-shaped connector 202 and the hook groove 203.

[0056] The present invention selects square steel pipes with a cross-section height of 100 mm, a width of 70 mm, and a wall thickness of 5 mm as pipe 101 and pipe 201, and selects T-shaped I-beams with a height of 30 mm and a width of 70 mm as T-shaped connector 102 and T-shaped connector 202.

[0057] The tube 101 and the T-shaped connector 102 are welded to form a unit 1.

[0058] Select unequal angle steel with a short side width of 30mm and a long side width of 40mm, and the length of the angle steel is consistent with the length of the second tube 201. Take two unequal angle steels and weld them on one side of the second tube 201 to form a hook groove 203. Weld a T-shaped connector 202 on the other side of the second tube 201 to obtain unit 2 2.

[0059] A construction method of a mud and water gushing plugging structure, using the above-mentioned structure for plugging mud and water gushing in a tunnel or a jacking pipe of a water conservancy project, comprises the following steps:

[0060] Design the wall size according to the size of the karst pipe or cave, and set up the walls in sequence on both sides of the tunnel face;

[0061] The steps of wall construction include:

[0062] Drilling a bottom hole so that the bottom hole passes through a karst pipe or cave;

[0063] Insert the first plugging structure into the bottom hole, and drill a hole above the bottom hole;

[0064] Insert the second blocking structure into the hole above the first blocking structure, and make the second blocking structure engage with the first blocking structure;

[0065] Drilling a hole again in the height direction and placing a second blocking structure, connecting two adjacent second blocking structures, and repeating this step until the height of the formed wall meets the design requirements;

[0066] A wall is formed after grouting in the bottom hole and the plurality of channels as well as in the first blocking structure and the second blocking structure.

[0067] As an optional implementation, the ratio of the wall height to the karst pipe or cave diameter is not less than 1.5.

[0068] As an optional implementation, the drilling direction of one wall is at an angle of 90° to the karst pipe or cave wall, and the drilling direction of the other wall is also at an angle of 90° to the karst pipe or cave wall. As an optional implementation, cement slurry with a cement to water ratio of 1:1 is used for grouting, and the grouting pressure does not exceed 1.0MPa.

[0069] The angle between the drilling direction of the wall and the karst pipe or cave wall should be as close to 90° as possible to ensure the interception effect of the wall.

[0070] As an optional implementation, multiple walls can be provided on each side of the tunnel face.

[0071] In the excavation of tunnels in karst areas, ground penetrating radar is used to detect the karst pipeline or cave in front of the tunnel face of the water conservancy project. The number of units 1 and 2 is selected according to the size of the karst pipeline. The height of the wall can be about 1.5 times the diameter of the karst pipeline. In the excavated tunnel section, a hole is drilled along the tunnel wall at a 45-degree direction with a hole diameter of 150 mm. Several units 1 are arranged in sequence through the hole, so that the first plugging structure formed passes through the karst pipeline or cave. Then, another hole is drilled upward along the direction with a hole diameter of 150 mm. Several units 2 are arranged in sequence and connected with unit 1, and are tightly interlocked and spliced ​​together with unit 1. The second plugging structure formed by several units 2 passes through the karst pipeline or cave through the hole. Continue to drill another hole upward along the direction with a hole diameter of 150 mm. Unit 2 2 passes through the karst pipeline or cave through the hole and is tightly interlocked and spliced ​​with the adjacent unit 2 2 located below. Repeat the above steps until the wall height exceeds the diameter of the karst pipeline. Finally, grouting treatment is carried out on the gaps around the borehole and the inside of the plugging structure steel pipe. The cement slurry adopts a 1:1 ratio, and the grouting pressure increases from small to large. The maximum grouting pressure is appropriately increased and does not exceed 1.0MPa. Using the same method as the previous step, drill holes with a diameter of 150mm in the tunnel expansion section along the heading direction, pass the wall through the karst pipeline, and then grouting treatment is carried out on the gaps around the borehole and the inside of the plugging structure steel pipe. The cement slurry adopts a 1:1 ratio, and the grouting pressure increases from small to large. The maximum grouting pressure is appropriately increased and does not exceed 1.0MPa. According to the structural calculation requirements If the bearing capacity of the formed single-row plugging structure is insufficient, two rows of plugging structures can be set up. At 400mm next to the prepared plugging structure, drill and grout with the above method in the same direction to form the second row of plugging structures. Grouting is carried out between the two rows of plugging structures to form a double-row structural system to achieve sufficient bearing capacity. After the grouting slurry has solidified for 48 hours, drill inspection holes on the face to observe the water and mud gushing. When it is less than 3L / min, drill holes and re-grout the screen slurry for 8 hours to achieve the desired plugging effect and block the sudden mud and water gushing.

[0072] refer to Figure 6 After drilling a rock borehole at the bottom, multiple units 1 are sequentially inserted into the borehole to form a first plugging structure, and then a second rock borehole is drilled above the borehole, and multiple units 2 are sequentially inserted into the second rock borehole, and unit 2 2 is hooked with unit 1 at the same time. After the second rock borehole is filled with unit 2 2, a third rock borehole is drilled, and multiple units 2 2 are sequentially inserted into the third rock borehole, and unit 2 2 located above is hooked with unit 2 2 located below, and this step is repeated to finally form a plugging wall.

[0073] The plugging component of the present invention is combined with the grouting plugging technology to effectively prevent mud and water bursts, so that the tunnel excavation and jacking construction of water conservancy projects are effectively guaranteed. The plugging structure and construction method of mud and water bursts in tunnels and jacking pipes of water conservancy projects have the following advantages:

[0074] (1) The plugging structure and grouting plugging method save grouting investment;

[0075] (2) The plugging structure is simple to prepare and easy to construct and operate;

[0076] (3) The problem of grouting slurry being easily dispersed by water under dynamic water conditions and the interconnection of cracks leading to large amounts of slurry outflow was solved;

[0077] (4) Solved the problem of opening skylights when encountering caves, karst pipes, and sections with strong fissure development in front of the jacking pipe;

[0078] (5) It has solved the difficult problem of mud and water inrush during excavation of karst caves, karst pipes, and tunnels with strong fissure development.

[0079] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0080] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for blocking mud and water inrush in a hydraulic tunnel, characterized in that: include: A first blocking structure at the head end and a plurality of second blocking structures connected in sequence, wherein the first blocking structure is connected to the adjacent second blocking structures; the first blocking structure and a plurality of the second blocking structures are connected to form a wall, and the wall is used to block the mud and water gushing channel; The first plugging structure and the second plugging structure are both provided with channels for grouting; The first blocking structure is composed of a plurality of units 1 (1) arranged side by side; The second blocking structure comprises a plurality of unit twos (2) arranged side by side, wherein the unit two (2) of the preceding second blocking structure is connected to the unit two (2) of the succeeding second blocking structure; The unit 2 (2) adjacent to the first blocking structure is connected to the corresponding unit 1 (1); The unit one (1) comprises a tube one (101), one side of the tube one (101) being fixedly connected with a T-shaped connector one (102) for connecting with the unit two (2); The unit 2 (2) comprises a tube 2 (201), one side of the tube 2 (201) is fixedly connected to a T-shaped connector 2 (202), and the other side of the tube 2 (201) is fixedly connected to a hook groove (203); The T-shaped connecting piece 1 (102) and the T-shaped connecting piece 2 (202) have the same structure; The hook groove (203) matches the structure of the T-shaped connecting piece 1 (102); The T-shaped connecting piece 1 (102) of the unit 1 (1) is limitedly matched with the hook groove (203) of the adjacent unit 2 (2), and the units 2 (2) of two adjacent second blocking structures are limitedly matched by the T-shaped connecting piece 2 (202) and the hook groove (203); The construction method of the structure for blocking sudden mud and water inrush in a hydraulic tunnel comprises the following steps: The size of the wall is designed according to the size of the karst pipe or cave, and the walls are arranged in sequence on both sides of the tunnel face; The construction steps of the wall include: Drilling a bottom hole so that the bottom hole passes through the karst pipe or cave; Inserting the first blocking structure into the bottom hole, and drilling a channel above the bottom hole; Inserting the second blocking structure into the pore above the first blocking structure, and connecting the second blocking structure to the first blocking structure; Drilling a hole again in the height direction and placing the second blocking structure therein, so that two adjacent second blocking structures are connected, and repeating this step until the height of the formed wall meets the design requirements; The wall is formed after grouting in the bottom hole and the plurality of the ducts as well as in the first blocking structure and the second blocking structure.

2. A structure for blocking mud and water inrush in a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the wall height to the karst pipe or cave diameter is not less than 1.

5.

3. The structure for blocking mud and water inrush in a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling direction of one of the walls is at an angle of 90° to the wall of the karst pipeline or cave, and the drilling direction of the other wall is at an angle of 90° to the wall of the karst pipeline or cave.

4. The structure for blocking mud and water inrush in a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cement slurry with a cement to water ratio of 1:1 is used for grouting, and the grouting pressure shall not exceed 1.0MPa.

5. The structure for blocking mud and water inrush in a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of walls are arranged on each side of the tunnel face.

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