Porcelain insulator deterioration detection method and system based on photoelectric field sensing technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of insulator detection, and particularly relates to a porcelain insulator degradation detection method based on a photoelectric field sensing technology, which comprises the following steps: carrying out analogue simulation on a 35kV-500kV line porcelain insulator string through COMSOL, and establishing models by analogue simulation including a non-degradation model and a degradation model; the live detection of the porcelain insulator string is realized, firstly, the porcelain insulator string is simulated under two conditions of non-degradation and degradation, field intensity change reference thresholds of a high section, a middle section and a low section of the porcelain insulator string are confirmed, and during detection, a broadband electric field sensor based on a Pockels electro-optical effect is used for detecting the field intensity change reference thresholds of the high section, the middle section and the low section of the porcelain insulator string. Each insulator, between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end, of the to-be-detected porcelain insulator string in the axial direction is detected, the detected field intensity data generates an axial field intensity distribution curve through the pre-simulated reference curvature, the fault position is visually displayed and the fault piece is confirmed in a curve comparison mode, and the detection accuracy is improved in a segmented comparison mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of insulator detection, and in particular relates to a porcelain insulator degradation detection method and system based on photoelectric field sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] At present, the insulators running on the line are mainly divided into three types according to the materials: porcelain insulators, composite insulators, and tempered glass insulators. On the one hand, it is inevitable that the insulators will be bumped or even damaged during the production, transportation and installation process, resulting in some minor local degradation. On the other hand, with the increase of the operating years, the electrical and mechanical properties of some insulators exposed to the outdoors will decline to varying degrees. Ceramic insulators may crack and lose insulation performance to become low-value or zero-value insulators; composite insulators will have defects such as abnormal heating, interface breakdown, shed damage, sheath damage, core rod conduction, core rod breakage, etc.; glass insulators will produce "self-explosion" phenomenon at zero value.

[0003] Line flashover power outages caused by insulator deterioration occur frequently, posing a serious threat to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Since the performance of porcelain insulators cannot be judged by appearance, lines above 110kV often have to be confirmed by live testing or power-off testing. The testing is labor-intensive, unsafe, inefficient, and susceptible to electromagnetic interference, which can easily lead to false detection or missed detection. Currently, live zero testing is not possible on 35kV lines. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a porcelain insulator degradation detection method and system based on photoelectric field sensing technology, which has the characteristics of non-contact live detection and segmented detection to improve detection accuracy.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology, comprising:

[0007] The simulation of the high-voltage line porcelain insulator string is carried out through COMSOL. The simulation models include the non-degraded model and the degraded model.

[0008] Perform potential and electric field analysis on the non-degraded model and the degraded model to obtain the field intensity distribution curves of the two;

[0009] The field intensity distribution curve of the undegraded model is calculated to obtain the reference curvature between adjacent insulator segments;

[0010] The difference values ​​of the field strength distribution curves of the non-degraded model and the degraded model are counted, and the minimum difference value is retained as the reference threshold;

[0011] The field strength data of each insulator piece in the porcelain insulator string to be tested is detected by a photoelectric sensor device, and the field strength data is combined with a reference curvature to generate a field strength distribution curve to be tested;

[0012] Compare the similarity between the field strength distribution curve to be tested and the field strength distribution curve, and confirm whether the insulator to be tested is deteriorated by checking whether the difference segment exceeds the reference threshold;

[0013] The difference section that exceeds the reference threshold is subjected to acoustic detection, which includes axial test and comparative test. The number of degraded insulators in the difference section is confirmed in combination with the test results.

[0014] Preferably, both the non-degraded model and the degraded model include an overall model and a sub-model, wherein the overall model includes a pole tower, connecting hardware, a conductor, a porcelain insulator string and a grading ring, and the sub-model includes only a porcelain insulator string.

[0015] Preferably, the performing potential and electric field analysis on the non-degraded model and the degraded model includes:

[0016] Add initial loads, meshing, and calculation analysis to the non-degraded model and the degraded model.

[0017] Preferably, the step of obtaining the reference curvature includes: numbering the insulator pieces, the numbers include A1-An, wherein the curvature of adjacent A1-A2 pieces is the first curvature, and the curvature of A2-A3 pieces is the second curvature, and the curvature calculation method includes vector cross multiplication method and curvature formula method.

[0018] Preferably, the simulation of the porcelain insulator string is from a high voltage section to a low voltage section, and the detection of the porcelain insulator string to be tested is from a high voltage end to a low voltage end.

[0019] Preferably, the porcelain insulator string is divided into a high voltage section, a medium voltage section and a low voltage section according to the porcelain insulator field strength distribution curve, wherein the high voltage section and the low voltage section are at both ends of the porcelain insulator string, and their field strength is relatively high, and the medium voltage section is in the middle of the porcelain insulator string, and the field strength is relatively low;

[0020] The minimum difference value between the insulator pieces corresponding to the high voltage section is the high voltage section reference threshold, the minimum difference value between the insulator pieces corresponding to the medium voltage section is the medium voltage section reference threshold, and the minimum difference value between the insulator pieces corresponding to the low voltage section is the low voltage section reference threshold.

[0021] Preferably, the photoelectric sensing device is a broadband electric field sensor based on the Pockels electro-optical effect;

[0022] The broadband electric field sensor can move freely from the high voltage end to the low voltage end along the vertical direction of the porcelain insulator string. Its electric field probe can make a reciprocating linear motion between the high voltage end and the low voltage end along the axial direction of the porcelain insulator string. Each insulator is tested during the detection process, and the detected field strength data is saved in sequence according to the number of insulators to be tested.

[0023] Preferably, the field strength distribution curve to be measured is generated based on the corresponding field strength data and the reference curvature. When the field strength distribution curve to be measured is compared with the non-degraded field strength distribution curve, when the difference is greater than the reference threshold, it is determined that the insulator piece is degraded; when the difference is less than or equal to the reference threshold, it is determined that the insulator piece is not degraded.

[0024] Preferably, the performing acoustic wave detection on the difference segment exceeding the reference threshold value comprises:

[0025] When conducting axial testing, the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge are received by the sound wave receiving device to obtain multi-point sound waves at 360° in the axial direction. If there are differences in the multi-point sound waves in the axial direction, it is marked as a deteriorated insulator;

[0026] When conducting comparative tests, the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge are received by the sound wave receiving device, and radial sound waves are obtained. The sound waves are compared with the sound waves emitted by the non-degraded insulator discharge to mark the degraded insulator.

[0027] The present invention also provides a porcelain insulator degradation detection system based on photoelectric field sensing technology, the system is a system used by the aforementioned porcelain insulator degradation detection method based on photoelectric field sensing technology, and is characterized in that it includes:

[0028] Visualization processing module, used to obtain potential and field intensity distribution curves;

[0029] Photoelectric sensor device, used to detect the field strength data of each insulator piece in the porcelain insulator string to be tested;

[0030] The sound wave receiving device is used to receive the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge point.

[0031] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the degradation detection of porcelain insulator strings is realized. First, the porcelain insulator strings are simulated in two conditions, namely, non-degraded and degraded conditions, and the reference thresholds of field strength changes in the three sections of the porcelain insulator strings, high, medium and low, are confirmed. During the detection, each insulator between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the porcelain insulator string to be tested is detected axially by a broadband electric field sensor based on the Pockels electro-optical effect. The detected field strength data generates an axial field strength distribution curve through a pre-simulated reference curvature. By comparing the curves, the fault location is intuitively displayed and the faulty piece is confirmed. In combination with the acoustic wave detection of the difference section, the number of degraded insulators in the difference section can be confirmed, and the detection accuracy is improved by combining the segmented comparison. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a porcelain insulator degradation detection method based on photoelectric field sensing technology in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram comparing the field strength distribution curves of the non-degraded porcelain insulator and the degraded porcelain insulator in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the spirit of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-2 As shown, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a porcelain insulator degradation detection method based on photoelectric field sensing technology, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S101. Simulate the porcelain insulator string of 35kV-500kV lines through COMSOL. The models established by the simulation include a non-degraded model and a degraded model.

[0037] Among them, both the non-degraded model and the degraded model include an overall model and a sub-model, wherein the overall model includes the pole tower, connecting hardware, conductor, porcelain insulator string and grading ring, and the sub-model only includes the porcelain insulator string;

[0038] Take the simulation of 35KV line porcelain insulator string as an example:

[0039] The porcelain insulator string simulated by the non-degraded model is fault-free, whereas the porcelain insulator string simulated by the degraded model is faulty;

[0040] The random number of insulators in the porcelain insulator string simulated by the degradation model is set as degraded insulators. Through multiple simulations, the feedback potential and electric field data when insulators with different numbers of pieces degrade are confirmed, and the field strength distribution curve is subsequently generated to perform statistics on the difference values ​​of the degradation positions.

[0041] S102, analyzing the potential and electric field of the non-degraded model and the degraded model to obtain field intensity distribution curves of the two;

[0042] The steps of analyzing the potential and electric field of the non-degraded model and the degraded model include:

[0043] Add initial loads to the undegraded model and the degraded model, and impose constraints, including the position and size of the loads. Load the initial power supply to apply AC phase voltage to the overall model and the sub-model, analyze the electric field inside the porcelain insulator string and in the air around it, and obtain potential and electric field data.

[0044] The non-degraded model and the degraded model are meshed. After meshing, the model is discretized to generate tetrahedron, hexahedron, and pyramid mesh units, among which triangle and tetrahedron are used as basic meshing units respectively;

[0045] The non-degraded model and the degraded model are calculated and analyzed. The finite element method is used to perform simulation calculations. The subdivided units to be solved are divided into a finite number of non-overlapping units. The units are connected by shared nodes. The shared nodes play a conduction role between the units. The nodes are selected as interpolation points of the solution function, and the potential and electric field data of the corresponding non-degraded model and the degraded model are calculated.

[0046] It should be added that the potential and field intensity distribution curves are obtained based on the visualization post-processing module, which locates, colors and adjusts the potential data and electric field data with the objects in the non-degraded model and the degraded model, and converts the digital data into one-dimensional charts and curves.

[0047] S103, calculating the field strength distribution curve of the non-degraded model to obtain a reference curvature between adjacent insulator segments;

[0048] The curvature can show the smoothness of the field intensity distribution curve; the curvature reflects the degree of bending or angle change of the surface of an object at a certain point. If the surface is smooth, the curvature of the surface point will be very small, close to zero. On the contrary, if the surface is rough, with obvious ups and downs or sharp corners, the curvature value will be large.

[0049] The step of obtaining the reference curvature includes: numbering the insulator pieces, the numbers include A1-An, wherein the curvature of the adjacent A1-A2 pieces is a first curvature, and the curvature of the A2-A3 pieces is a second curvature;

[0050] A single curvature is used to determine the tilt curve between adjacent insulator segments.

[0051] The curvature calculation method includes vector cross multiplication method and curvature formula method;

[0052] The curvature calculation method is to determine the tangent vector T and the unit vector N of the curvature radius at a certain point P on the curve; calculate the derivative dT / ds of the tangent vector T; calculate the curvature k=|dT / ds|; calculate the curvature radius R=1 / k.

[0053] Curvature formula method: determine the tangent vector T and the unit vector N of the curvature radius at a point P on the curve; calculate the curvature formula as k = |dT / ds|; calculate the curvature radius R = 1 / k.

[0054] It should be added that, for a certain point P, the middle value of the distance between adjacent insulators on the field strength distribution curve is uniformly selected, and the calculated curvatures are sorted by number.

[0055] S104, collecting statistics on the difference values ​​of the field strength distribution curves of the non-degraded model and the degraded model, and retaining the minimum difference value as a reference threshold;

[0056] It is understandable that there are multiple faulty insulators in the degradation model, and there are multiple different parts in the field strength distribution curves of the two. However, since the simulation of the porcelain insulator string is from the high voltage section to the low voltage section, the difference values ​​of the field strength distribution curves of the non-degraded model and the degraded model are counted by using the segmentation system.

[0057] The minimum difference value between the corresponding insulator pieces in the high-voltage section is the reference threshold of the high-voltage section, and the reference threshold of the medium-voltage section and the reference threshold of the low-voltage section are the same as above. The segmented setting can intuitively distinguish the reference thresholds when faults occur in each insulator at the high, medium and low sections, which is convenient for the degradation detection of the high, medium and low sections of the porcelain insulator string.

[0058] S105, detecting the field strength data of each insulator piece in the porcelain insulator string to be tested by a photoelectric sensor device, and generating a field strength distribution curve to be tested by combining the field strength data with a reference curvature;

[0059] It is important to understand that the photoelectric sensing device is a broadband electric field sensor based on the Pockels electro-optic effect;

[0060] The broadband electric field sensor can move freely from the high voltage end to the low voltage end along the vertical direction of the porcelain insulator string. Its electric field probe can make a straight-line motion between the high voltage end and the low voltage end along the axial direction of the porcelain insulator string. Each insulator is tested during the detection process. The detected field strength data is stored in sequence according to the number of insulators to be tested.

[0061] During the detection process, the porcelain insulator string is non-contact, and the axial field strength distribution curve of the porcelain insulator string can be obtained without powering off. The purpose of saving the label is to generate the curve in conjunction with the reference curvature, and to quickly locate the faulty insulator when there is a difference later.

[0062] The simulation of the porcelain insulator string is from the high voltage section to the low voltage section. Correspondingly, the detection of the porcelain insulator string to be tested is also from the high voltage end to the low voltage end.

[0063] The porcelain insulator string to be tested is divided into high-voltage section, medium-voltage section and low-voltage section. The high-voltage section and low-voltage section are at the two ends of the porcelain insulator string, and their field strength is relatively high. The medium-voltage section is in the middle of the porcelain insulator string, and its field strength is relatively low.

[0064] The overall field strength distribution curve is "U" shaped, with high voltage at both ends of the insulator string and low voltage in the middle (there are stray capacitances at both ends), and the first insulator close to the conductor side has the highest voltage.

[0065] The high pressure section, medium pressure section and low pressure section are the head section, middle section and tail section of the string;

[0066] When the field strength decreases and increases, the field strength value at the first position of the medium voltage section is the same, and the spacing between the first insulator piece in the medium voltage section and the first insulator piece in the first insulator string should be the same.

[0067] Segmented comparison is beneficial to improving the accuracy of degraded part detection and preventing the difference in reference thresholds from affecting detection accuracy.

[0068] S106, comparing the similarity between the field strength distribution curve to be tested and the field strength distribution curve, and confirming whether the insulator to be tested is deteriorated by determining whether the difference segment exceeds a reference threshold.

[0069] The field strength distribution curve to be measured is generated based on the corresponding field strength data and the reference curvature. When the field strength distribution curve to be measured is compared with the non-degraded field strength distribution curve, if the difference is greater than the reference threshold, it indicates that the insulator piece is degraded, otherwise the insulator piece is not degraded.

[0070] The field strength distribution curve to be measured and the field strength distribution curve are displayed in the same coordinate space, and each segment where the two curves differ is a difference segment (suspected degradation segment);

[0071] The difference section (suspected deteriorated section) is compared with the reference threshold. If it exceeds the reference threshold, it is determined that the insulator is deteriorated.

[0072] Furthermore, the field intensity distribution curve is divided into three sections, and the section similarity comparison of the high-pressure section, the medium-pressure section and the low-pressure section (the first section of the string, the middle section of the string and the tail section of the string) is performed;

[0073] Taking the high voltage end as an example, the local field strength distribution curve to be measured and the field strength distribution curve are zoomed in and out;

[0074] The coordinate positions of the two are confirmed at a certain point. When the longitudinal coordinate positions of the two are attached, it is confirmed that they are not degraded. If the two are close and within the range of the reference threshold, it means that the insulator is not degraded. Otherwise, if they exceed the range of the reference threshold, it means that the insulator is degraded.

[0075] S107. Perform an acoustic wave test on the difference segment that exceeds the reference threshold. The acoustic wave test includes an axial test and a comparative test. The number of degraded insulators in the difference segment is confirmed by combining the two test results.

[0076] When it is determined that the deteriorated insulator is in a difference section exceeding the fault threshold in any section of the high voltage section, the medium voltage section and the low voltage section, acoustic wave detection is performed on each insulator in the difference section;

[0077] When conducting an axial test, the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge are received by a sound wave receiving device to obtain multi-point sound waves at 360° in the axial direction. If there is a difference in the multi-point sound waves in the axial direction, it is marked as a deteriorated insulator.

[0078] When conducting comparative tests, the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge are received by the sound wave receiving device, and radial sound waves are obtained, which are compared with the sound waves emitted by the normal insulator discharge to mark the deteriorated insulators. It can be understood that adding sound wave detection for re-inspection does not require the entire string of insulators to be fully inspected compared to direct sound wave detection. The detection range can be narrowed directly by confirming the difference section, and based on the detection data, it can be determined whether the insulator is deteriorated and the number of deteriorated pieces can be confirmed.

[0079] In this embodiment, in order to realize the live detection of the porcelain insulator string, the porcelain insulator string is first simulated in two conditions, namely, undegraded and degraded, and the reference thresholds of the field strength change in the three sections of the porcelain insulator string, high, medium and low, are confirmed. During the detection, each insulator between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the porcelain insulator string to be tested is detected axially by a broadband electric field sensor based on the Pockels electro-optical effect. The detected field strength data generates an axial field strength distribution curve through a pre-simulated reference curvature. By comparing the curves, the fault location is intuitively displayed and the faulty piece is confirmed. In combination with the acoustic wave detection of the difference section, the number of degraded insulators in the difference section can be confirmed, and the detection accuracy is improved by combining the segmented comparison.

[0080] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a porcelain insulator degradation detection system based on photoelectric field sensing technology, the system is a system used by the aforementioned porcelain insulator degradation detection method based on photoelectric field sensing technology, and is characterized in that it includes:

[0081] Visualization processing module, used to obtain potential and field intensity distribution curves;

[0082] Photoelectric sensor device, used to detect the field strength data of each insulator piece in the porcelain insulator string to be tested;

[0083] The sound wave receiving device is used to receive the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge point.

[0084] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

[0085] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the degradation detection of porcelain insulator strings is realized. First, the porcelain insulator strings are simulated in two conditions, namely, non-degraded and degraded conditions, and the reference thresholds of field strength changes in the three sections of the porcelain insulator strings, high, medium and low, are confirmed. During the detection, each insulator between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the porcelain insulator string to be tested is detected axially by a broadband electric field sensor based on the Pockels electro-optical effect. The detected field strength data generates an axial field strength distribution curve through a pre-simulated reference curvature. By comparing the curves, the fault location is intuitively displayed and the faulty piece is confirmed. In combination with the acoustic wave detection of the difference section, the number of degraded insulators in the difference section can be confirmed, and the detection accuracy is improved by combining the segmented comparison.

[0086] The present disclosure may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0087] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0088] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0089] The computer program instructions for performing the operation of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be customized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions, and the electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology, characterized in that: include: The simulation of the high-voltage line porcelain insulator string is carried out through COMSOL. The simulation models include the non-degraded model and the degraded model. Perform potential and electric field analysis on the non-degraded model and the degraded model to obtain the field intensity distribution curves of the two; The field intensity distribution curve of the undegraded model is calculated to obtain the reference curvature between adjacent insulator segments; The difference values ​​of the field strength distribution curves of the non-degraded model and the degraded model are counted, and the minimum difference value is retained as the reference threshold; The field strength data of each insulator piece in the porcelain insulator string to be tested is detected by a photoelectric sensor device, and the field strength data is combined with a reference curvature to generate a field strength distribution curve to be tested; Compare the similarity between the field strength distribution curve to be tested and the field strength distribution curve, and confirm whether the insulator to be tested is deteriorated by checking whether the difference segment exceeds the reference threshold; The difference section that exceeds the reference threshold is subjected to acoustic detection, which includes axial test and comparative test. The number of degraded insulators in the difference section is confirmed in combination with the test results.

2. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both the non-degraded model and the degraded model include an overall model and a sub-model, wherein the overall model includes a pole tower, connecting hardware, a conductor, a porcelain insulator string and a grading ring, and the sub-model only includes a porcelain insulator string.

3. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The potential and electric field analysis of the non-degraded model and the degraded model includes: Add initial loads, meshing, and calculation analysis to the non-degraded model and the degraded model.

4. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the reference curvature includes: numbering the insulator pieces, the numbers include A1-An, wherein the curvature of the adjacent A1-A2 pieces is the first curvature, the curvature of the A2-A3 pieces is the second curvature, and the curvature calculation method includes the vector cross multiplication method and the curvature formula method.

5. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The simulation of the porcelain insulator string is from a high voltage section to a low voltage section, and the detection of the porcelain insulator string to be tested is from a high voltage end to a low voltage end.

6. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: According to the electric field strength distribution curve of porcelain insulator, the porcelain insulator string is divided into high voltage section, medium voltage section and low voltage section. The high voltage section and low voltage section are at the two ends of the porcelain insulator string, and their electric field strength is higher. The medium voltage section is in the middle of the porcelain insulator string, and its electric field strength is lower. The minimum difference value between the insulator pieces corresponding to the high voltage section is the high voltage section reference threshold, the minimum difference value between the insulator pieces corresponding to the medium voltage section is the medium voltage section reference threshold, and the minimum difference value between the insulator pieces corresponding to the low voltage section is the low voltage section reference threshold.

7. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The photoelectric sensing device is a broadband electric field sensor based on the Pockels electro-optic effect; The broadband electric field sensor can move freely from the high voltage end to the low voltage end along the vertical direction of the porcelain insulator string. Its electric field probe can make a reciprocating linear motion between the high voltage end and the low voltage end along the axial direction of the porcelain insulator string. Each insulator is tested during the detection process, and the detected field strength data is saved in sequence according to the number of insulators to be tested.

8. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The field strength distribution curve to be measured is generated based on the corresponding field strength data and the reference curvature. When the field strength distribution curve to be measured is compared with the non-degraded field strength distribution curve, when the difference is greater than the reference threshold, it is determined that the insulator segment is degraded; when the difference is less than or equal to the reference threshold, it is determined that the insulator segment is not degraded.

9. The method for detecting porcelain insulator degradation based on photoelectric field sensing technology according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The performing acoustic wave detection on the difference segment exceeding the reference threshold comprises: When conducting axial testing, the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge are received by the sound wave receiving device to obtain multi-point sound waves at 360° in the axial direction. If there are differences in the multi-point sound waves in the axial direction, it is marked as a deteriorated insulator; When conducting comparative tests, the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge are received by the sound wave receiving device, and radial sound waves are obtained. The sound waves are compared with the sound waves emitted by the non-degraded insulator discharge to mark the degraded insulator.

10. A porcelain insulator degradation detection system based on photoelectric field sensing technology, the system being a system used in a porcelain insulator degradation detection method based on photoelectric field sensing technology as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Visualization processing module, used to obtain potential and field intensity distribution curves; Photoelectric sensor device, used to detect the field strength data of each insulator piece in the porcelain insulator string to be tested; The sound wave receiving device is used to receive the sound waves emitted by the insulator discharge point.

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