Power distribution network voltage reduction and load shedding operation method and system based on crown porcupine optimization algorithm

Abstract

The invention discloses a power distribution network voltage reduction and load shedding operation method and system based on a crown porcupine optimization algorithm. The method comprises the steps of determining an objective function of a power distribution network voltage reduction and load shedding operation multi-objective optimization problem and system operation constraint conditions of the objective function; a crown porcupine optimization algorithm is adopted to simulate visual threatening, sound threatening, smell attack and physical defense behaviors of crown porcupines; and iteratively optimizing the population on the premise of meeting the system operation constraint condition to minimize the target function of the multi-target optimization problem so as to determine the optimal OLTC regulation gear, the operation output of the distributed power generation resource set DGs and the network structure state, and issuing and executing the optimal OLTC regulation gear, the optimal operation output of the distributed power generation resource set DGs and the optimal network structure state. The method aims at solving the multi-objective optimization problem of effectively reducing the operation cost of the power grid, reducing the loss and guaranteeing the voltage quality in the load peak period, and the solving accuracy of the multi-objective optimization problem is improved, so that the additional investment cost is reduced, and the economical efficiency of power grid operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of voltage optimization and regulation of distribution networks, and in particular to a method and system for voltage reduction and load reduction operation of distribution networks based on a crowned porcupine optimization algorithm. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy and the growth of energy demand, the distribution network, as an important part of the power system, undertakes the task of transmitting electric energy from the high-voltage power grid to the end user. In modern distribution networks, distributed power sources such as solar photovoltaic and wind power generation provide clean and flexible energy supplements for the power grid, but also bring new challenges. The traditional distribution network design and operation methods are mainly aimed at the centralized power supply mode. With the widespread access of distributed power sources, the operation and management of the power grid become more complicated. Especially during the peak load period, how to effectively reduce the operating cost of the power grid, reduce losses, and ensure voltage quality has become an urgent problem to be solved. At present, the optimization operation methods for distribution networks mainly focus on network reconstruction, load scheduling, power supply configuration, etc. In addition, with the increasing severity of environmental problems, voltage reduction and energy-saving measures have also been gradually valued, in order to meet the supply voltage deviation and not damage the electrical equipment, operate within a lower voltage range to achieve energy consumption reduction. At present, some scholars have studied the use of on-load tap-changing transformers, substation capacitor banks, and line capacitor banks for reactive power compensation to achieve voltage reduction and energy saving in the context of high penetration photovoltaic access distribution systems. Some researchers have also proposed a voltage reduction and energy saving technology that integrates voltage reactive power optimization control, distribution system control, and active participation of distributed power sources. However, the above methods are less economical and may have problems of poor adaptability and insufficient solution accuracy when solving multi-objective optimization. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical problem to be solved by the present invention: In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, a method and system for reducing voltage and load in a distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm are provided. The present invention aims to solve the multi-objective optimization problem of effectively reducing the operating cost of the power grid, reducing losses, and ensuring voltage quality during peak load periods, and to improve the accuracy of solving the multi-objective optimization problem, so as to reduce additional investment costs and improve the economy of power grid operation.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for reducing voltage and load in a distribution network based on a crowned porcupine optimization algorithm comprises the following steps: S1, determine the objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem of voltage reduction and load reduction operation of the distribution network and its system operation constraints; S2, taking the OLTC adjustment gear of the distribution network's on-load tap-changing transformer, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state as the control objects, adopts the crested porcupine optimization algorithm to simulate the visual intimidation, sound intimidation, odor attack and physical defense behaviors of the crested porcupine, and iteratively optimizes the population to minimize the objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem under the premise of meeting the system operation constraints to determine the optimal OLTC adjustment gear of the on-load tap-changing transformer, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state and sends them for execution.

[0005] Optionally, the objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem of voltage reduction and load reduction operation of the distribution network in step S1 includes an objective function of minimizing network loss, an objective function of minimizing load energy consumption, and an objective function of minimizing voltage deviation.

[0006] Optionally, the function expression of the objective function of minimizing the network loss is: , in, is the objective function of minimizing network loss, is the network loss, is the network branch set; For branch The switch state, 1 represents closed, 0 represents open; For branch The resistance, For branch The current amplitude of the load; the function expression of the objective function of minimizing the load energy consumption is: , in, is the objective function of minimizing load energy consumption, is the load energy consumption, is the set of network nodes, For Node The load active power; the function expression of the objective function with the minimum voltage deviation is: , in, is the objective function of minimizing voltage deviation, is the voltage deviation, is the set of network nodes, For Node The actual voltage, is the rated voltage of the distribution network.

[0007] Optionally, the system operation constraint in step S1 includes an operation equation constraint, and the operation equation constraint is a power flow equation of the distribution network and an on-load tap changer OLTC regulation constraint as shown in the following equation: , in, Node is the network branch set at the head end, For branch The first active power of For Node The load active power, Node is the network branch set at the end, For branch The first active power of For branch The resistance, For branch The first section reactive power, For Node The actual voltage, For Node The active power generated by distributed generation resources DG; For branch The first section reactive power, For Node The load reactive power, For branch The reactance, For Node The reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, For Node The actual voltage, The substation voltage after being adjusted by the on-load voltage regulator OLTC. The substation voltage before regulation by the on-load voltage regulator OLTC. It is the adjustment gear of the on-load voltage regulating transformer OLTC. Adjust the voltage for each gear of the on-load voltage regulating transformer OLTC.

[0008] Optionally, the system operation constraint in step S1 includes an operation inequality constraint, and the operation inequality constraint includes a node voltage constraint, a branch current constraint, a single distributed generation resource DG output constraint, an on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC gear constraint, and a network topology branch switch state constraint as shown in the following formula: , in, For the The voltage of the node, and Respectively The lower and upper voltage limits of each node, For branch The current between and Branch The current lower and upper limits between For the The active power generated by the distributed generation resources DG, and Respectively The lower and upper limits of the active power generated by the distributed generation resources DG, For the The reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, and Respectively The lower and upper limits of reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, It is the OLTC gear position of the on-load voltage regulating transformer. and They are the lower and upper limits of the OLTC gear position of the on-load tap-changing transformer respectively; For branch The switch state, 1 represents closed, 0 represents open; is the network branch set; is the number of disconnectable branches.

[0009] Optionally, step S2 includes: S2.1, initialize and generate the crested porcupine population. The attributes of the crested porcupine individuals in the crested porcupine population include the adjustment gear of the on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state. The iteration variable t is 0, and the number of iterations is T; S2.2, respectively, calculate the power flow of the power grid according to the OLTC adjustment gear of the crowned porcupine individual in the crowned porcupine population, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state, and calculate the function value of the objective function as the fitness of the crowned porcupine individual; S2.3, generating five random numbers, including: random number r1 to random number r5; S2.4, determine whether the random number r1 is greater than the random number r2, if not, jump to step S2.5, otherwise jump to step S2.6; S2.5, determine whether the random number r3 is greater than the random number r4. If not, enter the visual intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals. Otherwise, enter the sound intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals, and jump to step S2.7; S2.6, determine whether the random number r5 is greater than the preset weight percentage T fIs it true? If not, then enter the odor intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals. Otherwise, enter the physical defense stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals and jump to step S2.7; S2.7, judging whether the crested porcupine individuals in the crested porcupine population meet the system operation constraint conditions, eliminating invalid crested porcupine individuals that do not meet the system operation constraint conditions, and obtaining a new crested porcupine population; S2.8, save the value of the optimal objective function in the new crested porcupine population obtained in this round; S2.9, determine whether the iteration variable t is equal to the number of iterations T. If so, the on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC adjustment gear of the crowned porcupine individual corresponding to the optimal value of the objective function, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state are used as the optimal on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC adjustment gear, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state and sent down for execution, and the process ends and exits; otherwise, add 1 to the iteration variable t and jump to step S2.2.

[0010] Optionally, the function expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the visual intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: , , in, for and The average value of is the current solution represented by the current crested porcupine individual, is the random solution represented by a random crested porcupine individual other than the current crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population, is a random number, The global optimal solution represented by the best crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population; The function expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the voice intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: , in, is a random matrix between 0 and 1, 、 is a random solution represented by a random crested porcupine individual other than the current crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population; The functional expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the odor intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: , , , in, for The fitness of For decimals used to avoid division by zero errors, is the strategic factor in the odor intimidation stage, is the time decay factor, is the search intensity; The function expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the physical defense stage of the crested porcupine population is: , , , , in, is the strategy factor of the physical defense phase, is the search direction, To control the search intensity, is a random matrix between 0 and 1.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also provides a distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation system based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm, including an interconnected microprocessor and a memory, and the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm.

[0012] In addition, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instruction, and the computer program or instruction is programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm through a processor.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which are programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm through a processor.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction optimization operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm of the present invention constructs a corresponding optimization search mechanism by simulating the visual intimidation, sound intimidation, odor attack and physical defense behaviors of the crown porcupine, thereby determining the optimal on-load tap-changing transformer (OLTC) adjustment gear, the operating output of the distributed power source (DGs) and the network structure state under the premise of satisfying the constraint conditions, realizing the minimization of network loss, load energy consumption and voltage deviation, effectively maintaining the voltage quality of the terminal bus, and further improving the economy and reliability of the distribution network. The present invention searches for the optimal solution through the crown porcupine optimization algorithm for the multi-objective optimization problem of effectively reducing the operating cost of the power grid, reducing losses and ensuring the voltage quality during the peak load period, effectively improving the accuracy of the algorithm; it can reduce additional investment costs and improve the economy of power grid operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the basic flow of the method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the solution process of the crested porcupine optimization algorithm in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In modern distribution networks, distributed power sources such as solar photovoltaic and wind power generation provide clean and flexible energy supplements for the power grid, but also bring new challenges. Traditional distribution network design and operation methods are mainly aimed at centralized power supply mode. When distributed power sources are widely connected, the operation and management of the power grid becomes more complicated. Especially during peak load periods, how to effectively reduce the operation cost of the power grid, reduce losses, and ensure voltage quality has become an urgent problem to be solved. At present, the optimization operation methods for distribution networks are mainly focused on network reconstruction, load scheduling, power supply configuration, etc. With the increasing severity of environmental problems, voltage reduction and energy-saving measures have also been gradually valued. Under the premise of meeting the supply voltage deviation and not damaging the electrical equipment, it operates within a lower voltage range to achieve energy consumption reduction. At present, some scholars have studied the background of high penetration photovoltaic access distribution system, considering the realization of voltage reduction and energy saving through reactive compensation through on-load tap-changing transformers, substation capacitor groups, and line capacitor groups. Some researchers have also proposed a voltage reduction and energy-saving technology that integrates voltage reactive optimization control, distribution system control, and active participation of distributed power sources. However, the above methods are less economical, and may have problems of poor adaptability and insufficient solution accuracy when solving multi-objective optimization. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the operation of a distribution network by reducing voltage and load based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm. The crown porcupine optimization algorithm is used to search for the optimal solution, which effectively improves the accuracy of the algorithm. This method can reduce additional investment costs and improve the economic efficiency of power grid operation. Figure 1 As shown, the voltage reduction and load reduction operation method of the distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1, determine the objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem of voltage reduction and load reduction operation of the distribution network and its system operation constraints; S2, taking the OLTC adjustment gear of the distribution network's on-load tap-changing transformer, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state as the control objects, adopts the crested porcupine optimization algorithm to simulate the visual intimidation, sound intimidation, odor attack and physical defense behaviors of the crested porcupine, and iteratively optimizes the population to minimize the objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem under the premise of meeting the system operation constraints to determine the optimal OLTC adjustment gear of the on-load tap-changing transformer, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state and sends them for execution.

[0019] In step S1 of this embodiment, the objective functions of the multi-objective optimization problem of the voltage reduction and load reduction operation of the distribution network include an objective function of minimizing network loss, an objective function of minimizing load energy consumption, and an objective function of minimizing voltage deviation.

[0020] The functional expression of the objective function of minimizing network loss in this embodiment is: , in, is the objective function of minimizing network loss, is the network loss, is the network branch set; For branch The switch state, 1 represents closed, 0 represents open; For branch The resistance, For branch The current amplitude of the load; the function expression of the objective function of minimizing the load energy consumption is: , in, is the objective function of minimizing load energy consumption, is the load energy consumption, is the set of network nodes, For Node The load active power; the function expression of the objective function with the minimum voltage deviation is: , in, is the objective function of minimizing voltage deviation, is the voltage deviation, is the set of network nodes, For Node The actual voltage, is the rated voltage of the distribution network.

[0021] In step S1 of this embodiment, the system operation constraint condition includes an operation equation constraint, and the operation equation constraint is the distribution network forward-backward power flow equation and the on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC regulation constraint shown in the following equation: , in, Node is the network branch set at the head end, For branch The first active power of For Node The load active power, Node is the network branch set at the end, For branch The first active power of For branch The resistance, For branch The first section reactive power, For Node The actual voltage, For Node The active power generated by distributed generation resources DG; For branch The first section reactive power, For Node The load reactive power, For branch The reactance, For Node The reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, For Node The actual voltage, The substation voltage after being adjusted by the on-load voltage regulator OLTC. The substation voltage before regulation by the on-load voltage regulator OLTC. It is the adjustment gear of the on-load voltage regulating transformer OLTC. The above distribution network forward-backward power flow equation and the OLTC regulation constraint of the on-load tap-changing transformer contain four equations. The first equation represents the outflow j The active power of the node is j The sum of the active power of the loads at the node is equal to the current flowing into j The active power of the point j The sum of the active power output of the node DG, the second formula represents the outflow j The reactive power of the node is j The sum of the reactive power of the loads at the node is equal to the power flowing into j The reactive power of the point j The sum of the reactive power output of the node DG, the third equation is the voltage distribution equation, and the fourth equation is the OLTC regulation constraint.

[0022] In step S1 of this embodiment, the system operation constraint condition includes an operation inequality constraint, which includes a node voltage constraint, a branch current constraint, a single distributed generation resource DG output constraint, an on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC gear constraint, and a network topology branch switch state constraint as shown in the following formula: , in, For the The voltage of the node, and Respectively The lower and upper voltage limits of each node, For branch The current between and Branch The current lower and upper limits between For the The active power generated by the distributed generation resources DG, and Respectively The lower and upper limits of the active power generated by the distributed generation resources DG, For the The reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, and Respectively The lower and upper limits of reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, It is the OLTC gear position of the on-load voltage regulating transformer. and They are the lower and upper limits of the OLTC gear position of the on-load tap-changing transformer respectively; For branch The switch state, 1 represents closed, 0 represents open; is the network branch set; is the number of disconnectable branches.

[0023] The crested porcupine optimization algorithm simulates four defense strategies of crested porcupines when facing predators: visual intimidation, sound intimidation, odor attack, and physical defense. Each strategy corresponds to a specific set of search or movement rules, which are used to update the position of candidate solutions and finally determine the optimal solution. Figure 2 As shown, step S2 of this embodiment includes: S2.1, initialize and generate the crested porcupine population. The attributes of the crested porcupine individuals in the crested porcupine population include the adjustment gear of the on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state. The iteration variable t is 0, and the number of iterations is T; S2.2, respectively, calculate the power flow of the power grid according to the OLTC adjustment gear of the crowned porcupine individual in the crowned porcupine population, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state, and calculate the function value of the objective function as the fitness of the crowned porcupine individual; S2.3, generating five random numbers, including: random number r1 to random number r5; S2.4, determine whether the random number r1 is greater than the random number r2, if not, jump to step S2.5, otherwise jump to step S2.6; S2.5, determine whether the random number r3 is greater than the random number r4. If not, enter the visual intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals. Otherwise, enter the sound intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals, and jump to step S2.7; S2.6, determine whether the random number r5 is greater than the preset weight percentage T fIs it true? If not, then enter the odor intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals. Otherwise, enter the physical defense stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals and jump to step S2.7; S2.7, judging whether the crested porcupine individuals in the crested porcupine population meet the system operation constraint conditions, eliminating invalid crested porcupine individuals that do not meet the system operation constraint conditions, and obtaining a new crested porcupine population; S2.8, save the value of the optimal objective function in the new crested porcupine population obtained in this round; S2.9, determine whether the iteration variable t is equal to the number of iterations T. If so, the on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC adjustment gear of the crowned porcupine individual corresponding to the optimal value of the objective function, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state are used as the optimal on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC adjustment gear, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state and sent down for execution, and the process ends and exits; otherwise, add 1 to the iteration variable t and jump to step S2.2.

[0024] Visual intimidation is the crested porcupines showing their bright colors and thorns to scare away predators. In the algorithm, it can be understood as individuals moving significantly in the direction of the optimal solution, and the population diversity is increased by randomly perturbing the candidate solutions. In this embodiment, the function expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the visual intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: , , in, for and The average value of is the current solution represented by the current crested porcupine individual, is the random solution represented by a random crested porcupine individual other than the current crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population, is a random number, The global optimal solution represented by the best crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population.

[0025] Sound intimidation is a warning sound made by crested porcupines to scare away potential dangers. In the algorithm, it can be regarded as a small adjustment of the individual position to maintain the stability of the population and avoid falling into the local optimum. In this embodiment, the function expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the sound intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: , in, is a random matrix between 0 and 1, 、 is a random solution represented by a random crested porcupine individual other than the current crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population.

[0026] Odor attack is the release of gas by crested porcupines as a defense mechanism. In optimization, it can be regarded as information exchange between individuals to explore new solution space areas. In this embodiment, the function expression for updating crested porcupine individuals in the odor intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: , , , in, for The fitness of For decimals used to avoid division by zero errors, is the strategic factor in the odor intimidation stage, is the time decay factor, For search intensity.

[0027] Physical defense is the use of thorns by crested porcupines as a last resort. In the optimization algorithm, this can represent strict protection of the current best solution while exploring other solutions. In this embodiment, the function expression for updating crested porcupine individuals in the physical defense phase of the crested porcupine population is: , , , , in, is the strategy factor of the physical defense phase, is the search direction, To control the search intensity, is a random matrix between 0 and 1.

[0028] In summary, the core of the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm in this embodiment is to simulate the four defense strategies of the crown porcupine facing predators, and transform the mathematical models of these strategies into the search process of optimization problems. The algorithm constructs a corresponding optimization search mechanism by simulating the visual intimidation, sound intimidation, odor attack and physical defense behaviors of the crown porcupine, so as to determine the optimal OLTC adjustment gear, the operating output of distributed generation resources (DGs) and the network structure state under the premise of meeting the constraints, so as to optimize the objective function including network loss, load energy consumption and voltage deviation. The application of the present invention can effectively maintain the voltage quality of the terminal bus during peak load periods, while realizing the optimized operation of the distribution network, minimizing the total energy consumption, and improving the economy and reliability of the power grid.

[0029] In addition, this embodiment also provides a distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation system based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm, including an interconnected microprocessor and a memory, and the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm.

[0030] In addition, this embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instruction, and the computer program or instruction is programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm through a processor.

[0031] In addition, this embodiment also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which are programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm through a processor.

[0032] Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may be in the form of methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes. The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific way, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including an instruction device, which implements the functions specified in the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide for implementing the process in the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0033] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reducing voltage and load in a distribution network based on a crown porcupine optimization algorithm, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, determine the objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem of voltage reduction and load reduction operation of the distribution network and its system operation constraints; S2, taking the OLTC adjustment gear of the distribution network's on-load tap-changing transformer, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state as the control objects, adopts the crested porcupine optimization algorithm to simulate the visual intimidation, sound intimidation, odor attack and physical defense behaviors of the crested porcupine, and iteratively optimizes the population to minimize the objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem under the premise of meeting the system operation constraints to determine the optimal OLTC adjustment gear of the on-load tap-changing transformer, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state and sends them for execution.

2. The method for reducing voltage and load of distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective functions of the multi-objective optimization problem of voltage reduction and load reduction operation of the distribution network in step S1 include an objective function of minimizing network loss, an objective function of minimizing load energy consumption, and an objective function of minimizing voltage deviation.

3. The method for reducing voltage and load of distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The functional expression of the objective function with the minimum network loss is: ， in, is the objective function of minimizing network loss, is the network loss, is the network branch set; For branch The switch state, 1 represents closed, 0 represents open; For branch The resistance, For branch The current amplitude of the load; the function expression of the objective function of minimizing the load energy consumption is: ， in, is the objective function of minimizing load energy consumption, is the load energy consumption, is the set of network nodes, For Node The load active power; the function expression of the objective function with the minimum voltage deviation is: ， in, is the objective function of minimizing voltage deviation, is the voltage deviation, is the set of network nodes, For Node The actual voltage, is the rated voltage of the distribution network.

4. The method for reducing voltage and load of distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The system operation constraint conditions in step S1 include operation equation constraints, which are the forward and backward power flow equations of the distribution network and the OLTC regulation constraints shown in the following equations: ， in, Node is the network branch set at the head end, For branch The first active power of For Node The load active power, Node is the network branch set at the end, For branch The first active power of For branch The resistance, For branch The first section reactive power, For Node The actual voltage, For Node The active power generated by distributed generation resources DG; For branch The first section reactive power, For Node The load reactive power, For branch The reactance, For Node The reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, For Node The actual voltage, The substation voltage after being adjusted by the on-load voltage regulator OLTC. The substation voltage before regulation by the on-load voltage regulator OLTC. It is the adjustment gear of the on-load voltage regulating transformer OLTC. Adjust the voltage for each gear of the on-load voltage regulating transformer OLTC.

5. The method for reducing voltage and load of distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The system operation constraints in step S1 include operation inequality constraints, which include node voltage constraints, branch current constraints, single distributed generation resource DG output constraints, on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC gear constraints, and network topology branch switch state constraints as shown in the following formula: ， in, For the The voltage of the node, and Respectively The lower and upper voltage limits of each node, For branch The current between and Branch The current lower and upper limits between For the The active power generated by the distributed generation resources DG, and Respectively The lower and upper limits of the active power generated by the distributed generation resources DG, For the The reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, and Respectively The lower and upper limits of reactive power generated by distributed generation resources DG, It is the OLTC gear position of the on-load voltage regulating transformer. and They are the lower and upper limits of the OLTC gear position of the on-load tap-changing transformer respectively; For branch The switch state, 1 represents closed, 0 represents open; is the network branch set; is the number of disconnectable branches.

6. The method for reducing voltage and load of distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S2 includes: S2.1, initialize and generate the crested porcupine population. The attributes of the crested porcupine individuals in the crested porcupine population include the adjustment gear of the on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state. The iteration variable t is 0, and the number of iterations is T; S2.2, respectively, calculate the power flow of the power grid according to the OLTC adjustment gear of the crowned porcupine individual in the crowned porcupine population, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state, and calculate the function value of the objective function as the fitness of the crowned porcupine individual; S2.3, generating five random numbers, including: random number r1 to random number r5; S2.4, determine whether the random number r1 is greater than the random number r2, if not, jump to step S2.5, otherwise jump to step S2.6; S2.5, determine whether the random number r3 is greater than the random number r4. If not, enter the visual intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals. Otherwise, enter the sound intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals, and jump to step S2.7; S2.6, determine whether the random number r5 is greater than the preset weight percentage T f Is it true? If not, then enter the odor intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals. Otherwise, enter the physical defense stage of the crested porcupine population to update the crested porcupine individuals and jump to step S2.7; S2.7, judging whether the crested porcupine individuals in the crested porcupine population meet the system operation constraint conditions, eliminating invalid crested porcupine individuals that do not meet the system operation constraint conditions, and obtaining a new crested porcupine population; S2.8, save the value of the optimal objective function in the new crested porcupine population obtained in this round; S2.9, determine whether the iteration variable t is equal to the number of iterations T. If so, the on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC adjustment gear of the crowned porcupine individual corresponding to the optimal value of the objective function, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state are used as the optimal on-load tap-changing transformer OLTC adjustment gear, the operating output of the distributed generation resource set DGs and the network structure state and sent down for execution, and the process ends and exits; otherwise, add 1 to the iteration variable t and jump to step S2.

2.

7. The method for reducing voltage and load in distribution network based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The functional expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the visual intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: ， ， in, for and The average value of is the current solution represented by the current crested porcupine individual, is the random solution represented by a random crested porcupine individual other than the current crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population, is a random number, The global optimal solution represented by the best crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population; The function expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the voice intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: ， in, is a random matrix between 0 and 1, 、 is a random solution represented by a random crested porcupine individual other than the current crested porcupine individual in the crested porcupine population; The functional expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the odor intimidation stage of the crested porcupine population is: ， ， ， in, for The fitness of For decimals used to avoid division by zero errors, is the strategic factor in the odor intimidation stage, is the time decay factor, is the search intensity; The function expression for updating the crested porcupine individuals in the physical defense stage of the crested porcupine population is: ， ， ， ， in, is the strategy factor of the physical defense phase, is the search direction, To control the search intensity, is a random matrix between 0 and 1.

8. A distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation system based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm, comprising a microprocessor and a memory connected to each other, characterized in that: The microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crested porcupine optimization algorithm as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored therein, characterized in that: The computer program or instruction is programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 through a processor.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that The computer program or instruction is programmed or configured to execute the distribution network voltage reduction and load reduction operation method based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 through a processor.

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