Data communication method and device, electronic equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a data communication method and device, electronic equipment and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: a sending end generates a first key sequence and a first polarization base group; obtaining a photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization base group; according to the photon polarization angle, the polarized photons are sent to a receiving end through a quantum channel; exchanging a first polarization base group and a second polarization base group with a receiving end through an Ethernet channel; determining the positions of different polarization bases in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group; and the first key sequence is processed according to the position to obtain communication key information, and the communication key information is used for data encryption communication between the sending end and the receiving end on the Ethernet channel. In the whole process, under the condition that both ends do not send the key sequence through a channel, the communication key information finally determined by the both ends can be ensured to be consistent, whether a monitoring condition exists or not can be judged, and the safety of the communication process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a data communication method, device, electronic equipment and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As cars become more and more intelligent, there is more and more data interaction between the autonomous driving domain, the smart cockpit domain, and the vehicle control domain. The transmission of massive data mostly relies on in-vehicle Ethernet. Therefore, attackers are likely to control the car and steal user data by decrypting the in-vehicle Ethernet data.

[0003] At present, the in-vehicle Ethernet communication encryption technology mostly uses asymmetric encryption technology, which transmits data through the Ethernet channel and agrees on the communication key of both parties. However, the security of this encryption technology depends on the complexity of mathematical calculation time. When faced with a computer with powerful computing power to solve it, the communication key will be cracked, and the communication process will lose security at this time. Therefore, this method will have the technical problem of poor communication security. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a data communication method, device, electronic device and vehicle. The main purpose is to propose a communication method based on quantum key encryption, which can improve the technical problem of poor communication security in the current existing technology.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a data communication method, which is applied to a sending end, wherein an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the sending end and a receiving end, and the method comprises:

[0006] generating a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set;

[0007] Acquire a photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set;

[0008] According to the photon polarization angle, the polarized photons are sent to the receiving end through the quantum channel, so that the receiving end uses a second polarization basis group to measure and analyze the received polarized photons, wherein the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group include polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon;

[0009] exchanging the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the receiving end through the Ethernet channel;

[0010] Determining positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group;

[0011] The first key sequence is processed according to the position to obtain communication key information, and the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a data communication method, which is applied to a receiving end, wherein an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the receiving end and the transmitting end, and the method comprises:

[0013] Receiving polarized photons sent by the transmitting end through the quantum channel, wherein the photon polarization angle of the polarized photons is determined based on a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set;

[0014] generating a second polarization basis set, wherein the first polarization basis set and the second polarization basis set comprise polarization bases for measuring angles of each of the polarized photons;

[0015] Using the second polarization basis set to measure and analyze the received polarized photons to obtain a second key sequence;

[0016] exchanging the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel;

[0017] Determining positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group;

[0018] The second key sequence is processed according to the position to obtain communication key information, and the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the sending end on the Ethernet channel.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present application provides a data communication device, applied to a transmitting end, wherein an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the device comprises:

[0020] A first generating unit, configured to generate a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set;

[0021] an acquisition unit, configured to acquire a photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set;

[0022] A sending unit is configured to send polarized photons to the receiving end through the quantum channel according to the polarization angle of the photons, so that the receiving end uses a second polarization basis group to measure and analyze the received polarized photons, wherein the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group include polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon;

[0023] A first exchange unit is configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the receiving end through the Ethernet channel;

[0024] A first identification unit is configured to determine positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group;

[0025] The first processing unit is configured to process the first key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information, where the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel.

[0026] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a data communication device, applied to a receiving end, wherein an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the receiving end and the transmitting end, and the device comprises:

[0027] A receiving unit, configured to receive polarized photons sent by the transmitting end through the quantum channel, wherein the photon polarization angle of the polarized photons is determined based on a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set;

[0028] A second generating unit is configured to generate a second polarization basis set, wherein the first polarization basis set and the second polarization basis set include polarization bases for measuring angles of each of the polarized photons;

[0029] a measuring unit, configured to measure and analyze the received polarized photons using the second polarization basis set to obtain a second key sequence;

[0030] A second exchange unit is configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel;

[0031] a second identification unit, configured to determine positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group;

[0032] The second processing unit is configured to process the second key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information, where the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the sending end on the Ethernet channel.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the data communication method described in the first aspect.

[0034] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides another computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the data communication method described in the second aspect.

[0035] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the data communication method described in the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0036] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides another electronic device, comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the data communication method described in the second aspect when executing the computer program.

[0037] In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a vehicle, comprising: the device as described in the third or fourth aspect, or the electronic device as described in the seventh or eighth aspect.

[0038] By means of the above technical scheme, the present application provides a data communication method, device, electronic device and vehicle, wherein an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end generates a first key sequence and a first polarization basis group; according to the photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis group, the polarized photons are sent to the receiving end through the quantum channel, so that the receiving end uses the second polarization basis group to measure and analyze the received polarized photons, wherein the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group contain polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon; then the transmitting end exchanges the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the receiving end through the Ethernet channel; the transmitting end processes the first key sequence according to the positions of different polarization bases in the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group, and obtains communication key information, which is used for data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel. The present application uses the photon polarization angle as a carrier, and transmits the first key sequence to the receiving end through the first polarization basis group in the form of polarization angle using a quantum channel, so that the receiving end can obtain the second key sequence by measuring the photon polarization angle through the second polarization basis group. Then, the two parties exchange the sequence information of the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group to determine the different bits in the first key sequence and the second key sequence and process the different bits, thereby obtaining the communication key information used for data communication. In the case where both ends do not send the key sequence through the channel during the whole process, the present application can ensure that the communication key information finally determined by both ends is consistent, which can effectively reduce the possibility of the communication key being cracked, thereby ensuring the security and uniformity of the communication key, and greatly improving the security of the communication process.

[0039] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a data communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a flow chart of another data communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an application scenario architecture of data communication provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an interaction process of a data communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing a flow chart of another data communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the photon polarization angle and the polarization basis provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a data communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another data communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0051] In order to improve the technical problems of poor communication security in the existing technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a data communication method, which is applied to the sending end side, and an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the sending end and the receiving end. The method includes:

[0052] S101. A transmitting end generates a first key sequence and a first polarization basis group.

[0053] The first key sequence can be generated by the transmitting end and can include several bits, such as "1001 0100". It is also necessary to generate a first polarization basis set including several bits (if it already exists, it can be directly selected). The first polarization basis set can include a polarization basis for measuring the angle of each polarized photon, such as in Represents the polarization basis for measuring 0° and 90° polarized photons, Represents the polarization basis for measuring 45° and 135° polarized photons. The measurement results follow Figure 6 Rules, when the polarization basis Measuring 0° and 90° polarized photons will give the results 1 and 0, while measuring 45° and 135° polarized photons will give the results 1 or 0, with a probability of 50% each. Measuring 45° and 135° polarized photons will produce results of 1 and 0, while measuring 0° and 90° polarized photons will produce results of 1 or 0, with a probability of 50% each.

[0054] It should be noted that the polarization basis type of each bit in the polarization basis set is not limited here, as long as the number of polarization basis bits is consistent with the number of sequence bits.

[0055] S102: The transmitting end obtains a photon polarization angle corresponding to a first key sequence and a first polarization basis group.

[0056] The polarization angle of each corresponding photon in the polarized photon is determined according to a preset mapping relationship through the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set. The correspondence here means that if the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set are both n bits (n is a positive integer), a polarized photon containing n bits of polarized light can be determined, and the polarization angle of each photon is determined by the corresponding sequence and basis set according to a preset relationship.

[0057] S103, the transmitting end sends the polarized photon to the receiving end through the quantum channel according to the polarization angle of the photon.

[0058] Furthermore, the receiving end uses the second polarization basis set to measure and analyze the received polarized photons.

[0059] The second polarization basis group may include polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon. At the receiving end, the polarized photons are measured and analyzed by the second polarization basis group to obtain an n-bit sequence with the same number of bits, that is, the second key sequence.

[0060] S104: The transmitting end exchanges the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the receiving end through an Ethernet channel.

[0061] The sequence information of the first polarization basis group is sent to the receiving end through the Ethernet channel, and the sequence information of the second polarization basis group sent by the receiving end is received.

[0062] S105: The transmitting end determines positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group.

[0063] Taking the transmitting end as an example, after receiving the sequence information of the second polarization basis group sent by the receiving end, it is compared with the sequence information of the first polarization basis group, that is, the positions of different polarization bases in the two polarization basis groups are compared. Similarly, after receiving the sequence information of the first polarization basis group sent by the transmitting end, the receiving end is compared with the sequence information of the second polarization basis group to determine the positions of different polarization bases.

[0064] S106, the transmitting end processes the first key sequence according to the positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group to obtain communication key information.

[0065] The communication key information is used for data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel. After determining the positions of different polarization bases, the first key sequence is processed according to the positions of different polarization bases to obtain the communication key information for data encryption communication.

[0066] In this embodiment, the above introduction takes the transmitting end as the main body and the photon polarization angle as the carrier, and transmits the first key sequence to the receiving end in the form of polarization angle through the first polarization basis group using the quantum channel, so that the receiving end can obtain the second key sequence by measuring the photon polarization angle through the second polarization basis group. Then, the two parties exchange the sequence information of the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group to determine the different bits in the first key sequence and the second key sequence and process the different bits, so as to obtain the communication key information used for data communication. It should be noted that in this embodiment, even if both ends do not send the key sequence through the traditional channel or the quantum channel during the whole process, it can also ensure that the communication key information finally determined by both ends is consistent, thereby ensuring the security and unification of the communication key, and greatly improving the security of the communication process.

[0067] Optionally, S106 may specifically include: discarding the elements corresponding to the positions in the first key sequence to obtain a third key sequence; sending partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence to the receiving end through the Ethernet channel; upon receiving a communication permission instruction from the receiving end, using the third key sequence as communication key information, or processing the third key sequence to obtain a fourth key sequence, and using the fourth key sequence as communication key information.

[0068] Further, the third key sequence is processed to obtain a fourth key sequence, including: discarding elements corresponding to part of the bit sequence information in the third key sequence to obtain the fourth key sequence.

[0069] In this embodiment, how to process the first key sequence to obtain the communication key information is described. First, after determining the positions of different polarization bases, the elements measured at the positions corresponding to the different polarization bases in the second key sequence of the receiving end may also be different from the elements at the corresponding positions in the first key sequence. Therefore, the transmitting end needs to discard the elements corresponding to the positions of different polarization bases in the first key sequence to obtain the third key sequence. At this time, after discarding the elements corresponding to the positions of different polarization bases, the sequences obtained by both ends are consistent, because the elements in the first key sequence are first determined by a certain polarization base to determine the polarization angle of the photon, and the polarization angle is then analyzed and measured by the same polarization base to obtain the same elements. This ensures that the same communication key information can be determined even when the key sequence is not sent through the channel at both ends, thereby improving the security of the communication process.

[0070] Furthermore, in the above method, only the consistency of both ends is reflected, but it does not judge whether there is eavesdropping on the Ethernet channel. Therefore, after determining the third key sequence, the sending end can also disclose some bit sequence information in the remaining key sequences, and send it to the receiving end through the traditional Ethernet channel. The receiving end compares the sequence information of the received public partial bits with the fifth key sequence determined by the receiving end (obtained by discarding the elements of different polarization base positions in the second key sequence), and judges whether the elements in the public partial bits are consistent with the elements of the corresponding bits in the fifth key sequence. If they are consistent, the instruction that communication can be fed back to the sending end. Among them, the comparison here includes two functions, one is to verify the consistency of the third key sequence determined by the sending end and the fifth key sequence of the receiving end after executing the above method, and the other is that it can also be used to judge whether there is someone eavesdropping on the Ethernet at present. The quantum key determines the key through the quantum channel, and then encrypts and decrypts the communication data of the traditional channel. Based on quantum non-cloning and Heisenberg uncertainty principle, any eavesdropping in the communication process will destroy the quantum state, so that both parties of the transmission can perceive whether the communication is eavesdropped in real time.

[0071] After the partial bit sequence is disclosed and verified through the above method, the two parties can use the third key sequence (corresponding to the sending end) and the fifth key sequence (corresponding to the receiving end) of the partial bit sequence that has not been discarded as their respective communication key information, or they can discard the elements corresponding to the disclosed partial bits and obtain the fourth key sequence (corresponding to the sending end) and the sixth key sequence (corresponding to the receiving end) as their respective communication key information. The two parties only need to negotiate and choose the same processing method.

[0072] It is worth noting that the polarization bases of the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group can be randomly selected without limitation, and the number of bits only needs to be the same as that of the first key sequence. In some special cases, for example, the n-bit polarization bases selected by the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group are different, which results in the n-bit second sequence information parsed by the receiving end being basically inconsistent with the n-bit first sequence information or even completely inconsistent. Therefore, in this case, if it is determined that the polarization base of the second polarization base group is inconsistent with the polarization base of the first polarization base group, the steps starting from S101 need to be re-executed.

[0073] Optionally, obtaining the photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set includes: obtaining the photon polarization angle corresponding to each bit of the n-bit polarized photons from a preset mapping relationship based on the n-bit first key sequence and the n-bit first polarization basis set; wherein n is a positive integer.

[0074] In this embodiment, the elements in the key sequence have a one-to-one mapping relationship with the polarization basis in the polarization basis set and the photon polarization angle. Therefore, if there is a first key sequence with n-bit elements, the polarization angle of each bit in the n-bit polarized photon can be determined through the n-bit polarization basis set. So that the receiving end can measure it and obtain the corresponding second key sequence.

[0075] In order to combine the solutions of the above embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes a data communication method, which is applied to the receiving end side, and an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the sending end and the receiving end. The method includes:

[0076] S201, a receiving end receives polarized photons sent by a transmitting end through a quantum channel.

[0077] The photon polarization angle of the polarized photon is determined based on the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set.

[0078] S202: The receiving end generates a second polarization basis group.

[0079] The first polarization basis set and the second polarization basis set contain polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon. The sequence and type of the second polarization basis set can be generated at will, as long as the number of polarization bases is consistent with that of the first polarization basis set.

[0080] S203, the receiving end uses the second polarization basis set to measure and analyze the received polarized photons to obtain a second key sequence.

[0081] In this step, since the polarization basis of the second polarization basis group can be randomly selected, the second key sequence obtained by measuring and analyzing polarized photons through different polarization basis groups is also different from the first key sequence, which reflects the advantage of discarding the corresponding bits of different polarization bases. Therefore, even if someone is eavesdropping on the channel at this time, it is impossible to determine what the final communication key information is based on the n-bit polarized photons emitted at this time and the first and second polarization basis groups exchanged subsequently, thereby reflecting security.

[0082] S204: The receiving end exchanges the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through an Ethernet channel.

[0083] The sequence information of the second polarization basis group is sent to the sending end through the Ethernet channel, and the sequence information of the first polarization basis group sent by the sending end is received.

[0084] S205: The receiving end determines positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group.

[0085] S206: The receiving end processes the second key sequence according to the positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group to obtain communication key information.

[0086] Among them, the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the sending end on the Ethernet channel. In this embodiment, the receiving end is taken as the main body for explanation. After obtaining the polarized photons with n different polarization angles sent by the sending end, the polarized photons are measured by the randomly generated n-bit second polarization basis group to obtain the n-bit second key sequence. Then the information of the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group is exchanged, and the positions of the different polarization bases are determined, and the second key sequence is processed. Thereby, the communication key information for data communication is obtained. In this embodiment, even if both ends do not send the key sequence through the traditional channel or the quantum channel during the whole process, it can also ensure that the communication key information finally determined by both ends is consistent, and it can be judged whether there is monitoring, thereby ensuring the security and unification of the communication key, and greatly improving the security of the communication process.

[0087] Optionally, the second key sequence is processed according to the position to obtain communication key information, including: discarding the elements corresponding to the positions in the second key sequence to obtain a fifth key sequence; receiving partial bit sequence information in a third key sequence sent by the sending end through an Ethernet channel, the third key sequence being obtained by discarding the elements corresponding to the positions in the first key sequence; judging whether the partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence is consistent with the corresponding partial bit sequence information in the fifth key sequence; if the partial bit sequence information is consistent, feeding back a communication permission instruction to the sending end, and using the fifth key as the communication key information, or processing the fifth key sequence to obtain a sixth key sequence, and using the sixth key sequence as the communication key information.

[0088] Further, the fifth key sequence is processed to obtain a sixth key sequence, including: discarding elements corresponding to part of the bit sequence information in the fifth key sequence to obtain the sixth key sequence.

[0089] In this embodiment, after determining the positions of different polarization bases, it is necessary to discard the elements corresponding to the positions of different polarization bases in the second key sequence, and the fifth key sequence can be obtained. At this time, since the elements in the first key sequence are first determined by a certain polarization base to determine the polarization angle of the photon, the polarization angle is then analyzed and measured by the same polarization base to obtain the same elements, and the fifth key sequence should be consistent with the third key sequence. This ensures that the same communication key information can be determined even when the two ends do not send the key sequence through the channel, thereby improving the security of the communication process.

[0090] Furthermore, after the receiving end determines the fifth key sequence, the sending end sends the information of the public partial bit sequence from the third key sequence to the receiving end. The receiving end compares the sequence information of the received public partial bits with the fifth key sequence determined by the receiving end, and determines whether the elements in the public partial bits are consistent with the elements of the corresponding bits in the fifth key sequence. If they are consistent, the sending end is fed back with instructions for communication. Among them, the comparison here includes two functions. One is to verify the consistency of the third key sequence determined by the sending end and the fifth key sequence of the receiving end after executing the above method, and the other is that it can also be used to determine whether there is someone eavesdropping on the Ethernet at present. The quantum key determines the key through the quantum channel, and then encrypts and decrypts the communication data of the traditional channel. Based on quantum non-cloning and Heisenberg uncertainty principle, any eavesdropping during the communication process will destroy the quantum state, so that both parties of the transmission can perceive in real time whether the communication is eavesdropped.

[0091] After the partial bit sequence is disclosed and verified through the above method, the two parties can use the third key sequence (corresponding to the sending end) and the fifth key sequence (corresponding to the receiving end) of the partial bit sequence that has not been discarded as their respective communication key information, or delete the elements corresponding to the disclosed partial bits to obtain the fourth key sequence (corresponding to the sending end) and the sixth key sequence (corresponding to the receiving end) as their respective communication key information. The two parties only need to negotiate and choose the same processing method.

[0092] Optionally, the received polarized photons are measured and analyzed using a second polarization basis set to obtain a second key sequence, including: using a generated n-bit second polarization basis set, measuring and analyzing the polarization angle of each bit of the n-bit polarized photons according to a preset mapping relationship to obtain an n-bit second key sequence; wherein n is a positive integer.

[0093] In this embodiment, the elements in the key sequence have a one-to-one mapping relationship with the polarization basis in the polarization basis set and the photon polarization angle. Therefore, by measuring the polarization angle of each photon in the polarized photon through the randomly determined second polarization basis set, the second sequence information can be obtained.

[0094] The following will describe a data communication method proposed in this embodiment in conjunction with a specific practical application scenario. Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle-mounted host A is used as the transmitting end and the vehicle-mounted host B is used as the receiving end. An Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the vehicle-mounted host A and the vehicle-mounted host B. The vehicle-mounted host A and the vehicle-mounted host B communicate on the Ethernet channel through the physical interface transceiver (PortPhysical Layer, PHY) transceiver A and the physical interface transceiver B. The vehicle-mounted host A and the vehicle-mounted host B communicate on the quantum channel through the quantum communication unit A and the quantum communication unit B. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate subsequent use, the polarization basis group A and the polarization basis group B used for measurement are first generated as the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group, respectively, so that they can be directly selected in the subsequent process.

[0095] Combination Figure 3 Application scenarios, Figure 4 Another data communication method proposed in this embodiment is shown, and reference is made to Figure 5 , as a schematic diagram corresponding to the steps of the method. The method includes:

[0096] S301, the vehicle-mounted host A sends a communication connection request through the PHY transceiver A.

[0097] See also Figure 5 In the sequence number 1 of the "Establish Communication" part, for example, through PHY transceiver A, the communication request sent to the receiving end is 1010 (there is no requirement for the number of bits and base of the communication request).

[0098] S302, the vehicle-mounted host B allows the establishment of a preliminary communication connection according to the user settings.

[0099] See also Figure 5 In the sequence number 2 of the "Establish Communication" section, the receiving end may feedback 0101 (for example only) to the sending end through the PHY transceiver B as a feedback instruction for allowing the establishment of a preliminary communication connection. In this step, if no instruction from the user is received within the preset time period t, or a rejection instruction from the user is received, an instruction for rejecting the establishment of communication is fed back.

[0100] S303, the vehicle-mounted host A randomly generates an 8-bit first key sequence, and randomly selects a first polarization basis group A including an 8-bit polarization basis, to determine the 8-bit polarization photon angle.

[0101] See also Figure 5 In the serial number 3-5 of the "Quantum Key Determination" part, in this embodiment, the first key sequence is 01100110 (8 bits). By selecting the measurement basis set A, the photon polarization angle corresponding to the 8 bits can be determined.

[0102] S304, the vehicle host A sends the polarized photon to the vehicle host B through the quantum channel.

[0103] S305, the vehicle-mounted host B randomly selects an 8-bit second polarization basis set, analyzes the polarized photons, and obtains an 8-bit second key sequence.

[0104] See also Figure 5 In the sequence number 6-7 of the "Quantum Key Determination" part, the polarized photons are measured by a randomly selected second polarization basis set to obtain a second key sequence.

[0105] Combination Figure 6 It is worth mentioning that, at the positions of bit3, bit5 and bit7, different bases are selected from the corresponding polarization bases in the first polarization base group, and the measurement results are 0 or 1, and may also be the same as the first key sequence. Therefore, after the subsequent exchange of polarization base groups, the bits corresponding to different polarization bases will be discarded.

[0106] S306, the vehicle-mounted hosts A and B exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group through the Ethernet channel.

[0107] S3071, the vehicle-mounted host A determines the positions of different polarization bases, and discards the corresponding bits in the first key sequence according to the positions to obtain a 5-bit third key sequence.

[0108] S3072, the vehicle-mounted host B determines the positions of different polarization bases, and discards the corresponding bits in the second key sequence according to the positions to obtain a 5-bit fifth key sequence.

[0109] See also Figure 5 The serial number 8 of the "Quantum Key Determination" part determines that the positions of bit3, bit5 and bit7 have different polarization bases, so these 3 bits are discarded. The corresponding third key sequence and fifth key sequence are (01-0-1-0, where "-" represents a placeholder).

[0110] S308, the vehicle host A selects part of the bit sequence information in the third key sequence and sends it to the vehicle host B.

[0111] See also Figure 5 The serial number 9 in the "Quantum Key Determination" part sends the sequence information of the bit2 and bit4 positions to the vehicle host B.

[0112] S309, the vehicle host B compares the partial bit sequence information with the elements of the corresponding bits in the fifth key sequence, and if they are consistent, it feeds back a communication permission instruction.

[0113] See also Figure 5 In the sequence number 10 of the "Quantum Key Determination" part, after comparing the partial bit sequence information with the elements of the corresponding bits in the fifth key sequence, if they are consistent, the communication permission instruction is fed back to the sending end. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the elements corresponding to the public partial bits are discarded to obtain the fourth key sequence (corresponding to the sending end) and the sixth key sequence (corresponding to the receiving end) as their respective communication key information (such as 0----1-0 in the figure). It is also possible not to discard the public partial bit sequence, and use the third key sequence (corresponding to the sending end) and the fifth key sequence (corresponding to the receiving end) as their respective communication key information.

[0114] This embodiment uses the polarization angle of photons as a carrier, and transmits the first key sequence to the receiving end in the form of polarization angle through the first polarization basis group, so that the receiving end can obtain the second key sequence by measuring the polarization angle of photons through the second polarization basis group. Then, the two parties exchange the sequence information of the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group to determine the different bits in the first key sequence and the second key sequence and process the different bits, thereby obtaining the communication key information used for data communication. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, even if both ends do not send the key sequence through the traditional channel or the quantum channel during the whole process, it can also ensure that the communication key information finally determined by both ends is consistent, and it can be determined whether there is eavesdropping, thereby ensuring the security and unification of the communication key, and greatly improving the security of the communication process.

[0115] The above is an explanation of how both ends determine the quantum key in this embodiment. Further, both ends can use the key to perform data encryption communication. For example, vehicle host A sends encrypted communication data (such as 10101010, see Figure 5Sequence number 11), and then the vehicle host B uses the key to decrypt the data (for example, the key is used to invert the data to obtain 0010 1011, see Figure 5 Serial number 12). How to encrypt data with the key and decrypt data with the key is something that can be done by those skilled in the art and will not be further explained here.

[0116] Further, as Figure 1 The specific implementation of the method shown in this embodiment provides a data communication device, such as Figure 7 As shown, the device includes: a first generating unit 71, an acquiring unit 72, a sending unit 73, a first exchanging unit 74, a first identifying unit 75, and a first processing unit 76.

[0117] An acquisition unit 71 is configured to generate a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set;

[0118] A processing unit 72 is configured to obtain a photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set;

[0119] The sending unit 73 is configured to send the polarized photons to the receiving end through the quantum channel according to the polarization angle of the photons, so that the receiving end uses a second polarization basis group to measure and analyze the received polarized photons, wherein the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group include polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon;

[0120] A first exchange unit 74 is configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the receiving end through the Ethernet channel;

[0121] A first identification unit 75 is configured to determine positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group;

[0122] The first processing unit 76 is configured to process the first key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information, where the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel.

[0123] In a specific application scenario, the first processing unit 76 is specifically configured to discard the element corresponding to the position in the first key sequence to obtain a third key sequence; send part of the bit sequence information in the third key sequence to the receiving end through the Ethernet channel; upon receiving a communication permission instruction sent by the receiving end, use the third key sequence as the communication key information, or process the third key sequence to obtain a fourth key sequence, and use the fourth key sequence as the communication key information.

[0124] In a specific application scenario, the first processing unit 76 is further configured to discard the elements corresponding to the partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence to obtain the fourth key sequence.

[0125] In a specific application scenario, the acquisition unit 72 is further configured to acquire the photon polarization angle corresponding to each bit of the n-bit polarized photons from a preset mapping relationship based on an n-bit first key sequence and an n-bit first polarization basis set; wherein n is a positive integer.

[0126] It should be noted that for other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the data communication device provided in this embodiment, reference can be made to Figure 1 The corresponding description in will not be repeated here.

[0127] Further, as Figure 2 The specific implementation of the method shown in this embodiment provides a data communication device, such as Figure 8 As shown, the device includes: a receiving unit 81, a second generating unit 82, a measuring unit 83, a second exchanging unit 84, a second identifying unit 85, and a second processing unit 76.

[0128] A receiving unit 81 is configured to receive polarized photons sent by the transmitting end through the quantum channel, wherein the photon polarization angle of the polarized photons is determined based on a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set;

[0129] A second generating unit 82 is configured to generate a second polarization basis set, wherein the first polarization basis set and the second polarization basis set include polarization bases for measuring angles of each of the polarized photons;

[0130] The measuring unit 83 is configured to measure and analyze the received polarized photons using the second polarization basis set to obtain a second key sequence;

[0131] A second exchange unit 84 is configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel;

[0132] A second identification unit 85 is configured to determine positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group;

[0133] The second processing unit 86 is configured to process the second key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information, where the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the sending end on the Ethernet channel.

[0134] In a specific application scenario, the second processing unit 86 is specifically configured to discard the element corresponding to the position in the second key sequence to obtain a fifth key sequence; receive partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence sent by the sending end through the Ethernet channel, and the third key sequence is obtained by discarding the element corresponding to the position in the first key sequence; determine whether the partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence is consistent with the corresponding partial bit sequence information in the fifth key sequence; when the partial bit sequence information is consistent, feedback a communication permission instruction to the sending end, and use the fifth key as the communication key information, or process the fifth key sequence to obtain a sixth key sequence, and use the sixth key sequence as the communication key information.

[0135] In a specific application scenario, the second processing unit 86 is further configured to discard the elements corresponding to the partial bit sequence information in the fifth key sequence to obtain the sixth key sequence.

[0136] In a specific application scenario, the measurement unit 83 is further configured to use the generated n-bit second polarization basis set to measure and analyze the polarization angle of each photon in the n-bit polarized photons according to a preset mapping relationship to obtain an n-bit second key sequence; wherein n is a positive integer.

[0137] It should be noted that for other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the data communication device provided in this embodiment, reference can be made to Figure 2 The corresponding description in will not be repeated here.

[0138] Based on the above Figure 1 or Figure 2 The method shown in the embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned Figure 1 or Figure 2 The method shown.

[0139] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, etc.), including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various implementation scenarios of the present application.

[0140] Based on the above Figure 1 or Figure 2 The method shown, and Figure 7 or Figure 8In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which can be configured on a computer side or a vehicle side, etc. The device includes a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to execute the computer program to achieve the above-mentioned Figure 1 or Figure 2 The method shown.

[0141] Optionally, the above-mentioned physical device may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, a radio frequency (RF) circuit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a WI-FI module, etc. The user interface may include a display, an input unit such as a keyboard, etc., and the optional user interface may also include a USB interface, a card reader interface, etc. The network interface may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface), etc.

[0142] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned physical device structure provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the physical device, and may include more or fewer components, or a combination of certain components, or different arrangements of components.

[0143] The storage medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages the hardware and software resources of the above-mentioned physical device, and supports the operation of the information processing program and other software and / or programs. The network communication module is used to realize the communication between the components inside the storage medium, and the communication with other hardware and software in the information processing physical device.

[0144] Based on the above electronic device, the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which may specifically include: Figure 7 or Figure 8 The device shown in the figure or the electronic device as described above. The vehicle can be a new energy vehicle or a traditional vehicle.

[0145] Based on the above content, further, this embodiment also provides a data communication system, which includes a transmitting end and a receiving end.

[0146] The sending end can be used to perform Figure 1 The method shown in the figure can be used by the receiving end to perform the following steps: Figure 2 The method shown.

[0147] The transmitting end can be configured to generate a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set; obtain a photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set; and send the polarized photon to the receiving end through the quantum channel according to the photon polarization angle.

[0148] The receiving end can be configured to receive polarized photons sent by the transmitting end through the quantum channel; generate a second polarization basis set; and use the second polarization basis set to measure and analyze the received polarized photons to obtain a second key sequence.

[0149] The transmitting end may also be configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel.

[0150] The receiving end may also be configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel.

[0151] The transmitting end can also be configured to determine the positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group; process the first key sequence according to the positions to obtain communication key information, and the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel.

[0152] The receiving end can also be configured to determine the positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group; process the second key sequence according to the positions to obtain communication key information, and the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the sending end on the Ethernet channel.

[0153] Through the description of the above implementation mode, the technicians in this field can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, or by hardware. By applying the scheme of this embodiment, with the photon polarization angle as the carrier, the first key sequence is transmitted to the receiving end in the form of polarization angle through the first polarization basis group using the quantum channel, so that the receiving end can obtain the second key sequence by measuring the photon polarization angle through the second polarization basis group. Then the two parties exchange the sequence information of the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group to determine the different bits in the first key sequence and the second key sequence and process the different bits, so as to obtain the communication key information for data communication. In this embodiment, when both ends do not send the key sequence through the channel during the whole process, it can also ensure that the communication key information finally determined by both ends is consistent, and it can be judged whether there is a monitoring situation, thereby ensuring the security and unification of the communication key, and greatly improving the security of the communication process.

[0154] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0155] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A data communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a transmitting end, an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the method comprises: generating a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set; Acquire a photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set; According to the photon polarization angle, the polarized photons are sent to the receiving end through the quantum channel, so that the receiving end uses a second polarization basis group to measure and analyze the received polarized photons, wherein the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group include polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon; exchanging the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the receiving end through the Ethernet channel; Determining positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group; The first key sequence is processed according to the position to obtain communication key information, and the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Processing the first key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information includes: discarding the element corresponding to the position in the first key sequence to obtain a third key sequence; Sending partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence to the receiving end through the Ethernet channel; When receiving the communication permission instruction sent by the receiving end, the third key sequence is used as the communication key information, or the third key sequence is processed to obtain a fourth key sequence, and the fourth key sequence is used as the communication key information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Processing the third key sequence to obtain a fourth key sequence includes: The elements corresponding to the partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence are discarded to obtain the fourth key sequence.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The obtaining of the photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set comprises: According to the n-bit first key sequence and the n-bit first polarization basis set, the photon polarization angle corresponding to each bit of the n-bit polarized photons is obtained from a preset mapping relationship; Wherein, n is a positive integer.

5. A data communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a receiving end, an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the receiving end and the transmitting end, and the method comprises: Receiving polarized photons sent by the transmitting end through the quantum channel, wherein the photon polarization angle of the polarized photons is determined based on a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set; generating a second polarization basis set, wherein the first polarization basis set and the second polarization basis set comprise polarization bases for measuring angles of each of the polarized photons; Using the second polarization basis set to measure and analyze the received polarized photons to obtain a second key sequence; exchanging the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel; Determining positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group; The second key sequence is processed according to the position to obtain communication key information, and the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the sending end on the Ethernet channel.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The processing of the second key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information includes: discarding the element corresponding to the position in the second key sequence to obtain a fifth key sequence; receiving partial bit sequence information in a third key sequence sent by the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel, wherein the third key sequence is obtained by discarding an element corresponding to the position in the first key sequence; Determining whether partial bit sequence information in the third key sequence is consistent with corresponding partial bit sequence information in the fifth key sequence; When the partial bit sequence information is consistent, a communication permission instruction is fed back to the sending end, and the fifth key is used as the communication key information, or the fifth key sequence is processed to obtain a sixth key sequence, and the sixth key sequence is used as the communication key information.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The fifth key sequence is processed to obtain a sixth key sequence, including: The elements corresponding to the partial bit sequence information in the fifth key sequence are discarded to obtain the sixth key sequence.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that The step of measuring and analyzing the received polarized photons using the second polarization basis set to obtain a second key sequence includes: Using the generated n-bit second polarization basis set, the photon polarization angle of each of the n-bit polarized photons is measured and analyzed according to a preset mapping relationship to obtain an n-bit second key sequence; Wherein, n is a positive integer.

9. A data communication device, characterized in that: Applied to a transmitting end, an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the device comprises: A first generating unit, configured to generate a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set; an acquisition unit, configured to acquire a photon polarization angle corresponding to the first key sequence and the first polarization basis set; A sending unit is configured to send polarized photons to the receiving end through the quantum channel according to the polarization angle of the photons, so that the receiving end uses a second polarization basis group to measure and analyze the received polarized photons, wherein the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group include polarization bases for measuring the angles of each polarized photon; A first exchange unit is configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the receiving end through the Ethernet channel; A first identification unit is configured to determine positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group; The first processing unit is configured to process the first key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information, where the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the receiving end on the Ethernet channel.

10. A data communication device, characterized in that: Applied to a receiving end, an Ethernet channel and a quantum channel are established between the receiving end and the transmitting end, and the device comprises: A receiving unit, configured to receive polarized photons sent by the transmitting end through the quantum channel, wherein the photon polarization angle of the polarized photons is determined based on a first key sequence and a first polarization basis set; A second generating unit is configured to generate a second polarization basis set, wherein the first polarization basis set and the second polarization basis set include polarization bases for measuring angles of each of the polarized photons; a measuring unit, configured to measure and analyze the received polarized photons using the second polarization basis set to obtain a second key sequence; A second exchange unit is configured to exchange the first polarization basis group and the second polarization basis group with the transmitting end through the Ethernet channel; a second identification unit, configured to determine positions where different polarization bases exist in the first polarization base group and the second polarization base group; The second processing unit is configured to process the second key sequence according to the position to obtain communication key information, where the communication key information is used to perform data encryption communication with the sending end on the Ethernet channel.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 is implemented.

12. An electronic device comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored in the storage medium and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 is implemented.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The device according to claim 9 or 10, or the electronic device according to claim 12.

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