Hybrid broussonetia papyrifera secondary fermentation feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a secondary fermentation feed for hybrid broussonetia papyrifera and a preparation method of the secondary fermentation feed, and belongs to the technical field of plant fermentation. The secondary fermentation feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is prepared from the following raw materials: 20 to 40 parts of a hybrid broussonetia papyrifera fermentation product, 5 to 15 parts of a feed additive, 0.05 to 0.1 part of a compound probiotic preparation and 0.03 to 0.15 part of a compound enzyme preparation. The fermentation method of the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera secondary fermentation feed comprises the following steps: primary fermentation: crushing broussonetia papyrifera, adding lactobacillus plantarum, and adopting wrapping for rapid fermentation, so that the problem that fresh broussonetia papyrifera is easy to rot is effectively solved, and resource waste is avoided; and secondary fermentation: according to the nutritional requirements of different animals, adding corresponding feed additives, compound probiotic preparations and compound enzyme preparations for fermentation so as to provide targeted high-quality broussonetia papyrifera feed and improve the animal feeding effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant fermentation, and in particular relates to a hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Paper mulberry, also known as paper mulberry, is a plant of the mulberry family with multiple biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant and immunity-enhancing. The crude protein content of ordinary paper mulberry is about 7.0-11%, and the crude protein content of hybrid paper mulberry is 14-20%. It can partially replace traditional protein feed resources such as soybean meal and fish meal, and has important value in animal breeding. As a protein feed resource, the appropriate addition of paper mulberry can not only improve the production performance of livestock and poultry, but also contains a large amount of flavonoids and alkaloids, which have a positive effect on improving animal immunity and antioxidant properties as well as meat quality and flavor. Related paper mulberry feed has been widely used in livestock, poultry and aquatic animals.

[0003] In the southern subtropical region, hybrid paper mulberry grows rapidly and has high yields, but in the hot and rainy season, a large number of harvested paper mulberry need to be processed quickly, otherwise it is easy to heat up and rot, resulting in waste of resources and reduced feeding effect. At present, common processing methods for paper mulberry include hot water sterilization, ordinary silage fermentation and dry granulation, but these methods are difficult to meet the needs of rapid processing when processing a large number of fresh paper mulberry. The patent with publication number CN111418736A discloses a fermented paper mulberry grass carp feed and its preparation method and application, wherein the fermented paper mulberry is obtained by mixing lactic acid bacteria with paper mulberry for anaerobic fermentation, and the fermented paper mulberry grass carp feed described in the invention has a high crude protein content and is also rich in nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, carbohydrates and trace elements. However, the invention has low requirements for the water content of the fermented paper mulberry and cannot solve the problem of rapid processing of fresh paper mulberry. The patent with publication number CN112493361A discloses a preparation method, feed, preparation method and application of hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product. The patent mixes paper mulberry, bran and water to obtain a mixed material; after inoculating lactic acid bacteria into the mixed material, ferment it into hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product. The patent granulates and dries the obtained mixture in sequence, and the process is relatively long and also cannot meet the needs of rapid processing.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can quickly process fresh paper mulberry and provide high-quality, highly targeted paper mulberry feed and fermentation method for improving the quality and flavor of animal meat. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed and a preparation method thereof. By fermenting fresh paper mulberry twice, it is possible to quickly process fresh paper mulberry and provide customized fermented products according to the nutritional needs of different animals, thereby avoiding waste of resources and improving the effect of feeding animals.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed, wherein the raw materials for preparing the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed include, by weight: 20-40 parts of hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, 5-15 parts of feed additives, 0.05-0.1 parts of compound probiotic preparations, and 0.03-0.15 parts of compound enzyme preparations;

[0007] The preparation method of the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, first fermentation: harvest fresh paper mulberry with a length of 30-50 cm, cut the fresh paper mulberry into a length of 5.0-8.0 cm, inoculate Lactobacillus plantarum to obtain a mixture, the water content of the mixture is 70%-85%; then put the mixture into packaging bags, each bag has 60-70 kg, seal and ferment, and obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product;

[0009] S2, second fermentation: the hybrid paper mulberry fermented material obtained in step S1 is crushed and kneaded to a length of 0.5-1.0 cm, and mixed with feed additives, compound probiotic preparations and compound enzyme preparations according to the formula to obtain a mixture, the water content of the mixture is 55%-65%; then the mixture is put into fermentation bags for fermentation, each bag has 18-22 kg, and when the pH drops to 3.3-4.5, the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed is obtained;

[0010] The composite probiotic preparation comprises plant lactobacillus, yeast and bacillus subtilis; and the composite enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase and pectinase.

[0011] The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed of the present invention is prepared by secondary fermentation, which can quickly process fresh paper mulberry on the one hand; on the other hand, the paper mulberry fermented feed can be customized according to demand by secondary fermentation, thereby improving the nutritional value of paper mulberry. The secondary fermentation method of the present invention effectively improves the nutritional content, functional characteristics and fermentation effect of the paper mulberry fermentation product through preliminary fermentation and subsequent fermentation treatment, making it more suitable for further use or processing.

[0012] In the preparation method of the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed of the present invention, plant lactobacillus is selected for the first fermentation, which is suitable for rapid fermentation of plant materials to avoid rotting and deterioration. The second fermentation prepares a fermentation raw material that is easier to handle, and adds a composite probiotic preparation, including plant lactobacillus, yeast and bacillus subtilis, wherein the yeast can improve the fermentation efficiency, and bacillus subtilis produces cellulase, protease, amylase and the like to accelerate the decomposition of the mixture, and the three probiotics work synergistically, which helps to decompose the complex organic substances in the paper mulberry, promote further fermentation inside the paper mulberry, and release more functional small molecules. Moderate moisture content can ensure that the paper mulberry is not too dry or wet during the fermentation process, thereby optimizing the growth environment and fermentation effect of microorganisms. Only plant lactobacillus can be added in the first fermentation to achieve a rapid fermentation effect, saving the cost of probiotics. In the second fermentation, a combination of cellulase, xylanase and pectinase is added, which can comprehensively decompose polysaccharides and other complex organic substances in the paper mulberry, and improve the texture and nutritional content of the fermentation product. The addition of different feed additives contains additional nutrients and substances that promote fermentation, further improving the nutritional value of the final product.

[0013] Preferably, the packaging bag for the first fermentation is a large wrapping bag; the fermentation bag for the second fermentation is a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve. The use of a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve for the second fermentation can effectively control gas emissions during the fermentation process, prevent excessive internal pressure, and maintain suitable conditions for the fermentation environment, which helps to improve the efficiency and quality of the fermentation.

[0014] Preferably, the amount of Lactobacillus plantarum added in the first fermentation is 0.05%-0.1% of the mass of the mixture; the number of Lactobacillus plantarum in the first fermentation is 1×10 7 -1×10 9 CFU / g.

[0015] Preferably, the fermentation temperature of the first fermentation is 25-35°C and the time is 10-20 days. The temperature range of 25-35°C described in the present invention is suitable for the growth of most probiotics, and 10-20 days is sufficient for the fermentation to proceed fully. By optimizing the fermentation conditions, sufficient fermentation is ensured without excessive consumption of nutrients.

[0016] Preferably, the second fermentation adds a composite probiotic preparation, wherein the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and Bacillus subtilis in the composite probiotic preparation is 5-6:2-3:1-2; the number of Lactobacillus plantarum is 1×10 7 -1×10 9 CFU / g, the yeast count is 1×10 7 -1×10 8 CFU / g, the bacterial count of Bacillus subtilis is 1×10 7-1×10 8 CFU / g, the activity and quantity are sufficient, and a higher bacterial count can quickly ferment the raw materials, make the fermentation process more stable, and release more functional small molecules in the paper mulberry.

[0017] The present invention selects the probiotic preparation of suitable addition amount to provide enough flora to maintain the fermentation process, while avoiding the cost increase and other negative effects that may be caused by excessive addition. In the concentration range, it can be ensured that the strains can be effectively propagated and play their role. As the main fermentation strain, Lactobacillus plantarum can effectively ferment sugars to produce lactic acid, thereby reducing the pH value, which is conducive to inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms. Its addition amount is relatively high and it dominates in the early stage of fermentation to quickly change environmental conditions and promote the fermentation process. Yeast is second only to Lactobacillus plantarum. As an important auxiliary strain, it can decompose complex carbohydrates, provide additional nutrients, and generate alcohol and carbon dioxide during the fermentation process to improve the flavor and taste of the fermented product. At the same time, yeast has a strong tolerance to acidic environments, which helps to maintain stability during the fermentation process. Bacillus subtilis has strong heat resistance and stability, helps to decompose indigestible substances such as cellulose, can survive and play a role under various conditions, improves the nutritional value of fermented products and improves product quality. Different strains achieve functional complementarity, produce synergistic effects, and improve the flavor, texture and nutritional value of fermented products.

[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and Bacillus subtilis is 5: 3: 2. Selecting the ratio can maintain the stability and balance of the fermentation process and improve efficiency and product quality.

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of cellulase, xylanase and pectinase in the composite enzyme preparation of the second fermentation is 40-50:30-40:10-20, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is ≥300U / g, the enzyme activity of the xylanase is ≥500U / g, and the enzyme activity of the pectinase is ≥300U / g.

[0020] The dosage of the composite enzyme preparation selected by the present invention roughly corresponds to the content of different polysaccharide components in the paper mulberry raw material. The cellulase is mainly used to decompose cellulose and improve the availability of fermentation raw materials; xylanase is used to decompose xylan, which helps to release more sugars and provide necessary nutrients for the fermentation process; pectinase decomposes pectin, improves the fluidity and texture of the mixture, and makes the fermentation more uniform. Through reasonable enzyme ratio and activity control, the polysaccharide components in paper mulberry can be more comprehensively degraded, fermentation can be accelerated, and the fermentation time can be shortened.

[0021] Preferably, the fermentation temperature of the second fermentation is 30-35°C and the time is 10-30 days.

[0022] Preferably, the feed additive for the second fermentation is one or more of corn flour, bran, soybean meal powder, rice husk powder, seaweed powder, and organic trace elements.

[0023] The corn flour in the feed additive of the present invention provides energy, bran increases fiber and improves digestion, soybean meal powder is a high-quality protein source, and rice husk powder helps to increase fiber and minerals; seaweed powder can provide rich natural nutrients and immunomodulatory substances to enhance the disease resistance of animals; organic trace elements help the immune system and metabolic function of animals, thereby promoting their overall health. Among them, the organic trace elements are one or more of ferric citrate, yeast selenium, and amino acid zinc. The combination of ingredients in the feed additive can supplement the nutrients that paper mulberry may lack, and improve the nutritional value and palatability of the final product.

[0024] Preferably, the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of corn flour, 10-20 parts of bran, 4-30 parts of soybean meal powder, 10-20 parts of rice bran powder, 8-10 parts of seaweed powder, and 0.5-1 part of organic trace elements. This feed additive formula is suitable for feeding pigs.

[0025] Preferably, the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of rice husk powder, 10-20 parts of seaweed powder, and 0.5-1 part of organic trace elements. This feed additive formula is suitable for feeding cattle and sheep.

[0026] Preferably, the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of corn flour, 20-40 parts of bran, 20-40 parts of rice husk powder, 5-10 parts of seaweed powder, and 0.5-1 part of organic trace elements. This feed additive formula is suitable for feeding chickens and ducks.

[0027] The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed of the present invention can select feed additives according to different target animals, so as to obtain high-quality and highly targeted hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed. The hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed has high nutritional value and high bioavailability, and animals can more easily absorb the nutrients therein.

[0028] The hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed of the present invention not only improves the nutritional value of paper mulberry by optimizing the fermentation process, but also improves its digestibility. The probiotics and enzymes contained in the fermentation product help improve the intestinal health and overall digestive system function of animals, which can not only improve the health and growth of animals, but also enhance the quality and flavor of meat. In animal breeding, the use of this feed helps to produce higher quality meat products while meeting consumers' demand for meat taste and nutrition.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] (1) The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed of the present invention has high nutritional value and high bioavailability, and animals can more easily absorb the nutrients therein. The hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed uses a two-fermentation process. The first fermentation quickly processes fresh paper mulberry, effectively solving the problem of fresh paper mulberry being easily perishable; during the second fermentation, a variety of probiotics are used to work synergistically to ferment more efficiently. By precisely regulating the enzyme preparation formula, the texture and nutritional components of the fermentation product are improved, ensuring high digestibility and utilization of the feed. Through the two-fermentation formula design, a high-efficiency, environmentally friendly, and highly functional hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed and a preparation method thereof are provided, which have significant technical advantages and application prospects.

[0031] (2) For different target animals, the feed additive not only improves the nutritional value of the hybrid paulownia fermented feed product, but also improves the quality and flavor of animal meat, more comprehensively improves the feed quality, improves animal health, and has a wider practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is an optical photograph of the first fermentation product in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an optical photograph of the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical process steps, and the specific implementation conditions. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the art without paying creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The probiotic preparations and enzyme preparations used in the present invention are commercially available.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 7.0 cm and inoculated with 0.08% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 75%, put the mixture into a wrapping bag, each bag is 65 kg, and ferment at 30°C for 15 days to obtain the hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use. The outer packaging is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0037] The package was opened, 30 parts of hybrid papyrus fermented products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 0.8 cm, 10 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 7 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of bran, 8 parts of soybean meal powder, 10 parts of rice bran powder, 8 parts of seaweed powder, 0.8 parts of organic trace elements) were added, and 0.08 parts of composite probiotic preparation (based on Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g: Yeast (5×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus subtilis (5×10 7 CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 5:3:2), 0.1 part of compound enzyme preparation (composition: cellulase (350U / g): xylanase (550U / g): pectinase (350U / g) in a mass ratio of 45:35:15) to obtain a mixture, and adjust the water content of the mixture to 60%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 20 kg per bag, and fermented at 32°C for 20 days. When the pH drops to 3.9, the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented pig feed is obtained, and the outer packaging is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 7.0 cm and inoculated with 0.05% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 70%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 70 kg per bag, and seal and ferment at 25°C for 20 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0040] The package was opened, 40 parts of hybrid papyrus fermented products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 0.8 cm, 5 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 5 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of bran, 30 parts of soybean meal powder, 10 parts of rice bran powder, 10 parts of seaweed powder, 0.5 parts of organic trace elements) were added, and 0.1 parts of composite probiotic preparation (Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g: Yeast (1×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus subtilis (1×10 7 CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 6:2:1), 0.15 parts of a compound enzyme preparation (composed of cellulase (300U / g): xylanase (500U / g): pectinase (300U / g) in a mass ratio of 40:30:20) to obtain a mixture, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to 65%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 18 kg per bag, and fermented at 30°C for 25 days. When the pH drops to 3.5, the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented pig feed is obtained.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 7.0 cm and inoculated with 0.1% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 9 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 85%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 60 kg per bag, and seal and ferment at 35°C for 10 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0043] The package was opened, 20 parts of hybrid paper mulberry fermentation products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 0.8 cm, 15 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 7 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of bran, 4 parts of soybean meal powder, 20 parts of rice husk powder, 8 parts of seaweed powder, 1 part of organic trace elements) were added, 0.05 parts of composite probiotic preparation were added, and Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 9 CFU / g: Yeast (1×10 8 CFU / g: Bacillus subtilis (1×10 8 The mixture is prepared by mixing 0.03 parts of compound enzyme preparation (composition: cellulase (300U / g): xylanase (500U / g): pectinase (300U / g) in a mass ratio of 50:40:10) with 1.5:2.5:1.5 CFU / g), and adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to 55%. The mixture is put into fermentation bags with one-way exhaust valves, 22 kg per bag, and fermented at 35°C for 15 days. When the pH drops to 3.3, hybrid papyrus secondary fermented pig feed is obtained.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 8.0 cm and inoculated with 0.08% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 75%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 65 kg per bag, and ferment them at 30°C for 15 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0046] The package was opened, 30 parts of hybrid papyrus fermented products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 1.0 cm, 10 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 50 parts of rice husk powder, 15 parts of seaweed powder, 0.8 parts of organic trace elements), 0.08 parts of composite probiotic preparation (Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g: Yeast (5×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus subtilis (5×10 7CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 5:3:2), 0.1 part of a compound enzyme preparation (composed of cellulase (350U / g): xylanase (550U / g): pectinase (350U / g) in a mass ratio of 45:35:15) to obtain a mixture, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 20 kg per bag, and fermented at 30°C for 30 days. When the pH drops to 4.5, the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented cattle and sheep feed is obtained.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 8.0 cm and inoculated with 0.08% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 75%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 65 kg per bag, and seal and ferment at 30°C for 30 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0049] The package was opened, 30 parts of hybrid papyrus fermented products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 1.0 cm, 10 parts of feed additives (by weight: 80 parts of rice husk powder, 10 parts of seaweed powder, 0.5 parts of organic trace elements), 0.08 parts of composite probiotic preparation (by weight: Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g: Yeast (1×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus (1×10 8 CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 5:3:2), 0.1 part of a compound enzyme preparation (composed of cellulase (350U / g): xylanase (550U / g): pectinase (350U / g) in a mass ratio of 45:35:15) to obtain a mixture, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 20 kg per bag, and fermented at 30°C for 30 days. When the pH drops to 4.1, hybrid papyrus secondary fermented cattle and sheep feed is obtained.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 8.0 cm and inoculated with 0.08% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 7 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 75%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 65 kg per bag, and ferment them at 30°C for 15 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0052] The package was opened, 30 parts of hybrid papyrus fermented products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 1.0 cm, 10 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 40 parts of rice husk powder, 20 parts of seaweed powder, 1 part of organic trace elements), 0.08 parts of composite probiotic preparation (Lactobacillus plantarum (5×10 7 CFU / g: Yeast (1×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus subtilis (1×10 7 CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 5:3:2), 0.1 part of a compound enzyme preparation (composed of cellulase (350U / g): xylanase (550U / g): pectinase (350U / g) in a mass ratio of 45:35:15) to obtain a mixture, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 20 kg per bag, and fermented at 30°C for 20 days. When the pH drops to 4.3, hybrid papyrus secondary fermented cattle and sheep feed is obtained.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 5.0 cm and inoculated with 0.08% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 75%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 65 kg per bag, and ferment them at 30°C for 15 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0055] The package was opened, 30 parts of hybrid papyrus fermented products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 0.5 cm, 10 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 10 parts of corn flour, 30 parts of bran, 30 parts of rice bran powder, 8 parts of seaweed powder, 0.8 parts of organic trace elements) were added, and 0.08 parts of composite probiotic preparation (based on Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g: Yeast (1×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus (1×10 8 CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 5:3:2), 0.1 part of a compound enzyme preparation (composed of cellulase (350U / g): xylanase (550U / g): pectinase (350U / g) in a mass ratio of 45:35:15) to obtain a mixture, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 20 kg per bag, and fermented at 30°C for 20 days. When the pH drops to 3.8, hybrid papyrus fermented chicken and duck feed is obtained.

[0056] Example 8

[0057] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 5.0 cm and inoculated with 0.08% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 7 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 75%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 65 kg per bag, and ferment them at 30°C for 15 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0058] The package was opened, 30 parts of hybrid papyrus fermentation products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 0.5 cm, 10 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 5 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of rice bran powder, 10 parts of seaweed powder, 1 part of organic trace elements) were added, and 0.08 parts of composite probiotic preparation (based on Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 7 CFU / g: Yeast (1×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus (1×10 7 CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 5:3:2), 0.1 part of a compound enzyme preparation (composed of cellulase (350U / g): xylanase (550U / g): pectinase (350U / g) in a mass ratio of 45:35:15) to obtain a mixture, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 20 kg per bag, and fermented at 30°C for 20 days. When the pH drops to 4.1, hybrid papyrus fermented chicken and duck feed is obtained.

[0059] Example 9

[0060] Fresh paper mulberry with a harvest length of 30-50 cm was cut to an average length of 5.0 cm and inoculated with 0.08% Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g) to obtain a mixture, adjust the water content of the mixture to 75%, put the mixture into packaging bags, 65 kg per bag, and ferment them at 30°C for 15 days to obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, which can be stored for one year for use.

[0061] The package was opened, 30 parts of hybrid paper mulberry fermentation products were crushed and kneaded to an average length of 0.5 cm, 10 parts of feed additives (composition by weight: 15 parts of corn flour, 40 parts of bran, 40 parts of rice bran powder, 5 parts of seaweed powder, 0.5 parts of organic trace elements) were added, and 0.08 parts of composite probiotic preparation (based on Lactobacillus plantarum (1×10 8 CFU / g: Yeast (5×10 7 CFU / g: Bacillus (1×10 8CFU / g) in a mass ratio of 5:3:2), 0.1 part of a composite enzyme preparation (composed of cellulase (350U / g): xylanase (550U / g): pectinase (350U / g) in a mass ratio of 45:35:15) to obtain a mixture, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. The mixture is put into a fermentation bag with a one-way exhaust valve, 20 kg per bag, and fermented at 30°C for 20 days. When the pH drops to 3.6, hybrid papyrus fermented chicken and duck feed is obtained.

[0062] The crude protein of the fermentation product was determined with reference to GB / T 6432-94 "Method for determination of crude protein in feed", the acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in the fermentation product were determined with reference to the method in GB / T17815-2018, and the plant lactobacillus in the fermentation product was determined with reference to GB 4789.35-2016. Table 1 shows the relevant performance indicators of the hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product in Example 1. Table 2 shows the components and proportions of the feed additives in the second fermentation. Table 3 shows the performance indicators of the hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed after the second fermentation in all examples.

[0063] Table 1 Performance indexes of hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product in Example 1 (calculated as dry matter)

[0064]

[0065] Table 2 Composition and ratio of feed additives in the second fermentation

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Table 3 Performance indexes of hybrid papyrus fermented feed after the second fermentation

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] The above embodiments respectively designed fermentation formulas of different types according to the feed requirements of pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens and ducks. Embodiments 1-3 selected a moderate degree of crushing and fermentation time based on the digestive characteristics of pigs; Embodiments 4-6 increased the crude fiber content and fermentation time and reduced the degree of crushing in consideration of the rumination characteristics of cattle; Embodiments 7-9 provided higher energy and appropriate amounts of fiber based on the nutritional requirements of chickens and ducks. These embodiments demonstrate the flexibility and applicability of the fermentation method of the hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed of the present invention, and are capable of adjusting process parameters according to the needs of different animals to produce highly targeted hybrid paper mulberry fermented feed products. As can be seen from Table 1, after the first fermentation, the number of Lactobacillus plantarum was maintained at 10 5 -10 7, indicating that the fermentation is good. At the same time, the crude protein content reaches 15.40-18.00%, and the nutritional value is improved. As shown in Table 3, the hybrid paulownia feed after secondary fermentation has a higher number of lactic acid bacteria, a moderate volatile fatty acid content, a higher crude protein level, and a lower pH value, indicating a good fermentation effect. The presence of the main organic acids produced during the feed fermentation process: acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid indicates the microbial activity in the fermentation process, especially the role of lactic acid bacteria and other fermentation bacteria. Higher levels of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid can indicate the effectiveness of fermentation and the potential benefits of feed to the animal intestinal environment. The number of plant lactobacillus after the secondary fermentation is generally around 10 6 -10 9 , fermented well, and the crude protein content was between 14% and 18.5%. This shows that the fermentation process not only successfully retains the nutrients, but also improves the preservation and probiotic properties of the feed, which has a positive impact on animal health and production.

[0072] Technical personnel should note that although the present invention has been described according to the above specific implementation methods, the inventive concept of the present invention is not limited to this invention, and any modification using the inventive concept will be included in the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed include, by weight: 20-40 parts of hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product, 5-15 parts of feed additive, 0.05-0.1 parts of compound probiotic preparation, and 0.03-0.15 parts of compound enzyme preparation; The preparation method of the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermentation feed comprises the following steps: S1, first fermentation: harvest fresh paper mulberry with a length of 30-50 cm, cut it to a length of 5.0-8.0 cm, inoculate Lactobacillus plantarum to prepare a mixture, the water content of the mixture is 70%-85%; then put the mixture into packaging bags, each bag is 60-70 kg, seal and ferment, and obtain hybrid paper mulberry fermentation product; S2, second fermentation: the hybrid paper mulberry fermented material obtained in step S1 is crushed and kneaded to a length of 0.5-1.0 cm, and mixed with feed additives, compound probiotic preparations and compound enzyme preparations according to the formula to obtain a mixture, the water content of the mixture is 55%-65%; then the mixture is put into fermentation bags for fermentation, each bag has 18-22 kg, and when the pH drops to 3.3-4.5, the hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed is obtained; The composite probiotic preparation comprises plant lactobacillus, yeast and bacillus subtilis; and the composite enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase and pectinase.

2. The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of Lactobacillus plantarum added in the first fermentation is 0.05%-0.1% of the mass of the mixture, and the number of Lactobacillus plantarum in the first fermentation is 1×10 7 -1×10 9 CFU / g.

3. The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature of the first fermentation is 25-35°C and the time is 10-20 days.

4. The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and Bacillus subtilis in the composite probiotic preparation of the second fermentation is 5-6:2-3:1-2; the number of Lactobacillus plantarum is 1×10 7 -1×10 9 CFU / g, the yeast count is 1×10 7 -1×10 8 CFU / g, the bacterial count of Bacillus subtilis is 1×10 7 -1×10 8 CFU / g.

5. The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of cellulase, xylanase and pectinase in the composite enzyme preparation of the second fermentation is 40-50:30-40:10-20, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is ≥300 U / g, the enzyme activity of the xylanase is ≥500 U / g, and the enzyme activity of the pectinase is ≥300 U / g.

6. The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature of the second fermentation is 30-35°C and the time is 10-30 days.

7. The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed additive for the second fermentation is one or more of corn flour, bran, soybean meal powder, rice husk powder, seaweed powder and organic trace elements.

8. The hybrid paper mulberry secondary fermented feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of corn flour, 10-20 parts of bran, 4-30 parts of soybean meal powder, 10-20 parts of rice husk powder, 8-10 parts of seaweed powder and 0.5-1 part of organic trace elements.

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