High-resistance precast block, hanging type dam bullet shielding layer and preparation method of hanging type dam bullet shielding layer

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-resistance precast block, a draped dam bullet shielding layer and a preparation method of the draped dam bullet shielding layer, and the high-resistance precast block is formed by arranging more than one layer of high-strength and high-hardness ceramic balls in the high-resistance precast block, pre-burying lifting bars and then pouring ultra-high performance concrete. The hanging type dam bullet shielding layer is formed by splicing prefabricated blocks of the same structure. Semicircular grooves are formed in the side faces of the precast blocks or round steel pipes are evenly welded to the bottom faces of the precast blocks to serve as reserved anchoring holes, and rivets penetrate through the holes to anchor the precast blocks to the dam. The anti-impact performance of the dam can be remarkably improved, meanwhile, the assembling complexity is reduced, and improvement of construction convenience and economical efficiency is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention application relates to a bullet-proof layer in a dam protection structure, and specifically to a high-resistance prefabricated block, a draped dam bullet-proof layer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid advancement of modern warfare technology, precision-guided weapons and high-efficiency bunker-buster bombs with strong penetrating power and explosive power are becoming more and more widely used. Such bunker-buster bombs can easily penetrate traditional protective measures based on thickness and material strength, directly threatening critical infrastructure. The protective capabilities of traditional water conservancy facilities such as dams are facing unprecedented severe tests.

[0003] Faced with this urgent situation, traditional protection strategies seem to be powerless. Simply relying on increasing the thickness of the structure is not only costly and complex to construct, but also difficult to effectively resist the penetration of modern bunker-buster bombs. At the same time, the performance of ordinary concrete drops sharply under extreme impact and pressure, and it cannot serve as a reliable protective barrier.

[0004] In order to effectively resist the powerful penetration and explosive destructive power of high-performance bunker-buster bombs, adding a high-resistance bullet-proof layer to the dam is one of the most effective methods at present. The stability, reliability and convenience of construction of the bullet-proof layer are crucial.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new type of dam bullet-proof layer that can be quickly constructed and has reliable quality assurance, so as to effectively resist the attack of new bunker-penetrating bombs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-resistance prefabricated block, a draped dam bullet-proof layer and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the mechanical performance guarantee of the ultra-high performance concrete bullet-proof layer, while reducing the assembly complexity and promoting the improvement of construction convenience and economy.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-resistance prefabricated block, wherein one or more layers of ceramic balls are arranged in the prefabricated block, lifting bars are embedded in the prefabricated block, and the prefabricated block is cast by concrete;

[0008] The concrete is ultra-high performance concrete.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a double layer of ceramic balls is arranged in the prefabricated block.

[0010] The double-layer ceramic balls can be arranged in parallel or in staggered arrangement.

[0011] The diameter of the ceramic ball may be 100 to 250 mm.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the ceramic ball has the characteristics of high strength (2000-3000 MPa) and high hardness (1000-3500 HV).

[0013] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a semicircular groove is reserved on a side surface of the prefabricated block.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the prefabricated block is in a rectangular shape.

[0015] Furthermore, the prefabricated block comprises a prefabricated block body and an external constraint frame, wherein the external constraint frame is arranged outside the prefabricated block body and serves as a template for preparing the prefabricated block body.

[0016] Furthermore, the external constraint frame is a rectangular constraint frame, which includes four side surfaces and a bottom surface, and the four side surfaces form a rectangle and are arranged on the bottom surface.

[0017] Furthermore, round steel pipes are evenly welded on the bottom surface of the rectangular constraint frame as reserved anchor holes.

[0018] Alternatively, further, semicircular grooves are evenly (equidistantly) arranged on four sides of the rectangular constraint frame.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the prefabricated block is hexagonal in shape.

[0020] Furthermore, the prefabricated block comprises a prefabricated block body and an external constraint frame, wherein the external constraint frame is arranged outside the prefabricated block body and serves as a template for preparing the prefabricated block body.

[0021] Furthermore, the external constraint frame is a hexagonal constraint frame, which includes six side surfaces and a bottom surface. The six side surfaces form a hexagon and are arranged on the bottom surface. Round steel pipes are evenly welded on the bottom surface of the hexagonal constraint frame as reserved anchor holes.

[0022] Alternatively, further, semicircular grooves are evenly (equidistantly) arranged on the six sides of the hexagonal constraint frame.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a high-resistance prefabricated block, which is applied to the preparation of a prefabricated block without an external constraint frame, and the preparation method comprises:

[0024] Step a1, erecting the formwork: installing the combined side formwork on the bottom formwork, applying a release agent on the inner surface of the formwork, installing a steel bar fixing frame on the formwork, and fixing the oppositely arranged side formworks through the formwork limiting strips on the steel bar fixing frame;

[0025] Step a2, arranging ceramic balls and lifting bars: arranging more than one layer of ceramic balls in the template, and fixing the lifting bars at the designated position of the steel bar fixing frame;

[0026] Step a3, pouring concrete: preparing ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength, pouring concrete and vibrating it;

[0027] Step a4, formwork removal and curing: after a certain period of time, remove the steel bar fixing frame, remove the formwork, and carry out curing.

[0028] Among them, the demolding time is determined according to the strength achieved by the ultra-high performance concrete and the design strength.

[0029] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, in the step a2, a double layer of ceramic balls is arranged in the template, and the upper and lower layers are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a high-resistance prefabricated block, which is applied to the preparation of a prefabricated block provided with an external constraint frame with reserved anchor holes, and the preparation method comprises:

[0031] Step b1, welding the reserved anchor holes of the external constraint frame: welding round steel pipes at preset positions in the external constraint frame as reserved anchor holes;

[0032] Step b2, arranging ceramic balls and lifting bars: arranging one or more layers of ceramic balls in the external constraint frame, installing a steel bar fixing frame on the external constraint frame, and fixing the lifting bars at the designated positions of the steel bar fixing frame;

[0033] Step b3, pouring concrete: preparing ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength, pouring concrete and vibrating it;

[0034] Step b4, demolding and curing: after a certain period of time, remove the steel bar fixing frame and carry out curing.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a high-resistance prefabricated block, which is applied to the preparation of a prefabricated block having a semicircular groove on the side of an external constraint frame, and the preparation method comprises:

[0036] Step c1, arranging ceramic balls and lifting bars: arranging more than one layer of ceramic balls in the external constraint frame, installing a steel bar fixing frame on the external constraint frame, and fixing the lifting bars at the specified position of the steel bar fixing frame; wherein, semicircular grooves are evenly (equidistantly) arranged on the side of the external constraint frame

[0037] Step c2, pouring concrete: preparing ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength, pouring concrete and vibrating it;

[0038] Step c3, demolding and curing: after a certain period of time, remove the steel bar fixing frame and carry out curing.

[0039] In combination with the third aspect, in an implementation manner of the third aspect, in the step b2, a double layer of ceramic balls is arranged in the template, and the upper and lower layers are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a dam bulletproof layer, which is formed by splicing the prefabricated blocks of the first aspect;

[0041] All prefabricated blocks have the same structure and there are no joints between adjacent prefabricated blocks.

[0042] In combination with the fourth aspect, in an implementation of the second aspect, the semicircular grooves between the connected surfaces of different prefabricated blocks are combined into a circular groove for rivets to pass through to anchor the prefabricated blocks to the dam.

[0043] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a draped dam bulletproof layer, the bulletproof layer being formed by splicing prefabricated blocks with semicircular grooves reserved on the sides, the method comprising:

[0044] Fix the rope on the lifting rod set on the prefabricated block, lift the prefabricated block to the designated position through the rope, so that the semicircular grooves between adjacent prefabricated blocks are enclosed to form a circular groove, and use rivets to pass through the circular groove to anchor the prefabricated block to the dam; lay the prefabricated blocks in order from the lower part of the dam to the upper part of the dam to form a draped dam bullet-proof layer.

[0045] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a draped dam bulletproof layer, the method comprising:

[0046] Fix the rope on the lifting rod installed on the prefabricated block, lift the prefabricated block to the designated position through the rope, pass the rivets through the reserved anchor holes arranged in the prefabricated block to anchor the prefabricated block to the dam body, and pass the rivets through the circular groove to anchor the prefabricated block to the dam; lay the prefabricated blocks in order from the lower part of the dam to the upper part of the dam to form a draped dam bulletproof layer.

[0047] The high-resistance prefabricated block provided by the present invention is arranged with one or more layers of high-strength and high-hardness ceramic balls, and pre-buried lifting bars, and then cast with ultra-high performance concrete. The high strength (2000-3000MPa) and high hardness (1000-3500HV) of ceramics give them excellent anti-bullet performance, but they have the disadvantages of being brittle and not convenient for large-volume block use. Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has become an ideal basic material choice for the bullet-proof layer due to its excellent mechanical properties (such as compressive strength of up to 200MPa, high tensile strength, and easy construction to make prefabricated blocks of various shapes). The present invention adds ceramic balls to ultra-high performance concrete to prepare a shielding layer, which can combine the advantages of both and exert high resistance to earth-penetrating bombs.

[0048] Taking into account the complex and changeable construction conditions when pouring a large volume of UHPC bullet-proof layer on site, it is difficult to effectively guarantee the on-site mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete, resulting in the mechanical properties of the ultra-high performance concrete bullet-proof layer poured on site often differing greatly from those of the standard curing specimens. The present invention innovatively proposes a method of modularizing the bullet-proof layer and factory-producing prefabricated blocks, which can then be quickly hoisted and spliced ​​at the construction site to construct a high-strength dam bullet-proof layer with reliable quality assurance. Compared with the traditional method of pouring large volumes of ultra-high-strength concrete on site, this method significantly improves the construction speed, ensures the reliability and consistency of the mechanical properties of the material, and maintains the overall competitiveness of the construction cost. In short, the present invention realizes the construction of a dam bullet-proof layer that is efficient, economical and quality-controlled.

[0049] Compared with traditional prefabricated blocks, the present invention arranges more than one layer of ceramic balls in the prefabricated blocks and uses ultra-high performance concrete for casting. During the process of the projectile invading the prefabricated blocks, the projectile and the ceramic balls interact strongly. Due to the different strengths of the ceramic balls and the concrete, non-uniform stress fields and strong local stress fields are generated during the collision, causing the projectile to break or deflect, thereby significantly reducing the penetration depth.

[0050] The prefabricated block of the bullet-proof layer in the present invention can be used in combination with a constraint frame (steel frame). Directly prefabricating the bullet-proof layer through the steel frame can reduce the use of templates, simplify production, and improve the anti-penetration ability of the prefabricated block.

[0051] In view of the above advantages, the present invention has broad application prospects in the field of protection of facilities such as dams. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] Figure 1 to Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process and assembly of a rectangular prefabricated block according to Example 1 of the present application;

[0054] in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular prefabricated block mold according to Example 1 of the present application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of arranging lifting bars and ceramic balls and pouring the rectangular prefabricated block of Example 1 of the present application. Figure 3 The rectangular prefabricated block of Example 1 of the present application is demoulded and cured. Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rectangular prefabricated block according to Example 1 of the present application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular prefabricated block in Example 1 of the present application equipped with a bullet-proof layer. Figure 6 This is an overall schematic diagram of a rectangular prefabricated block bullet-proof layer of Example 1 of the present application;

[0055] Figure 7 to Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process and assembly of the hexagonal prefabricated block of Example 2 of the present application;

[0056] in, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hexagonal prefabricated block mold setting in Example 2 of the present application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of arranging lifting bars and ceramic balls and casting the hexagonal prefabricated block of Example 2 of the present application. Fig. 9 For the hexagonal prefabricated blocks of Example 2 of the present application, Fig.10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hexagonal prefabricated block according to Example 2 of the present application. Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of assembling a bullet-proof layer on a hexagonal prefabricated block according to Example 2 of the present application. Fig.12 This is an overall schematic diagram of the hexagonal prefabricated block bullet-proof layer of Example 2 of the present application;

[0057] Figure 13 to Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process and assembly of the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block of Example 3 of the present application;

[0058] in, Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular steel frame of Example 3 of the present application. Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of arranging lifting bars and ceramic balls and casting the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block of Example 3 of the present application. Fig.15 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rectangular steel frame prefabricated block according to Example 3 of the present application. Fig.16 The rectangular steel frame prefabricated block of Example 3 of the present application is demoulded and maintained. Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of assembling a bullet-proof layer on a rectangular steel frame prefabricated block according to Example 3 of the present application. Fig.18 This is an overall schematic diagram of the bullet-proof layer of the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block of Example 3 of the present application;

[0059] Figure 19 to Figure 24 The preparation process and assembly diagram of the hexagonal steel frame prefabricated blocks of Examples 4 and 5 of the present application;

[0060] in, Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the hexagonal steel frame of Example 4 and Example 5 of the present application, Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of arranging lifting bars and ceramic balls and casting the hexagonal steel frame prefabricated blocks of Examples 4 and 5 of the present application. Fig.21 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hexagonal steel frame prefabricated block of Example 4 and Example 5 of the present application, Fig. 22 For the demoulding and curing of the hexagonal steel frame prefabricated blocks of Examples 4 and 5 of the present application, Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of assembling a bullet-proof layer on a hexagonal steel frame prefabricated block in Example 4 and Example 5 of the present application. Fig.24 This is an overall schematic diagram of the bullet-proof layer of the hexagonal steel frame prefabricated blocks of Examples 4 and 5 of the present application.

[0061] Numbers in the figure: 1-prefabricated block; 11-rectangular prefabricated block; 12-hexagonal prefabricated block; 13-rectangular steel frame prefabricated block; 131-reserved anchor hole; 132-rectangular steel frame; 14-hexagonal steel frame prefabricated block; 141-hexagonal steel frame; 101-semicircular groove; 102-ceramic ball; 110-slurry hopper; 111-concrete slurry;

[0062] 2-template; 21-rebar fixing frame; 22-template limiting strip; 23-heightening frame;

[0063] 3-connecting reinforcement; 31-lifting reinforcement;

[0064] 4-Rope; 5-Rivet; 6-Dam body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] Several embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are merely some typical examples, rather than all possible applications or implementations of the invention.

[0067] The various embodiments provided by the present invention are described in detail below.

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a hanging type bullet-proof layer, the basic constituent unit of the hanging type bullet-proof layer is a single-layer prefabricated block 1, the prefabricated block 1 is a rectangular prefabricated block 11, wherein a double layer of ceramic balls 102 with high strength (2000-3000MPa) and high hardness (1000-3500HV) are pre-embedded, the diameter of the ceramic balls 102 is selected to be 100-250mm, and the upper and lower layers of ceramic balls 102 are arranged in staggered seams; the rectangular prefabricated block 11 is provided with lifting ribs 31 at the gaps between the upper ceramic balls 102, and the exposed part of the lifting ribs 31 is the same length as the embedded part; a semicircular groove 101 is reserved at a preset position on the side of the rectangular prefabricated block 11, and the semicircular grooves 101 of adjacent rectangular prefabricated blocks 11 are spliced ​​to form a circular groove. The semicircular groove 101 and the lifting rib 31 are designed according to the size of the rectangular prefabricated block 11.

[0070] In order to facilitate transportation and hoisting assembly, the design volume of the rectangular prefabricated block 11 of this embodiment is 0.2-10m 3 , preferably 1 to 6 m 3 The distance between the opposite edges is 0.5~3m and the thickness is 0.2m~2m.

[0071] The specific preparation steps are:

[0072] (1) Moulding: Figure 1As shown, firstly, four modular side formworks are installed on the bottom formwork, a release agent is applied to the inner surface of the formwork 2, and the oppositely arranged side formworks are fixed by the formwork limiting strips 22 on the steel bar fixing frame 21 to prevent the concrete slurry from squeezing out the formwork and leaking.

[0073] (2) Arrangement of ceramic balls and lifting bars: Figure 2 As shown, a double layer of ceramic balls 102 are arranged in the template, with the upper and lower layers arranged in a staggered manner, and then the lifting bars 31 are clamped and fixed at a certain distance using a steel bar fixing frame 21, and the exposed part of the lifting bars 31 is the same length as the embedded part.

[0074] (3) Pouring concrete: Figure 2 As shown, ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength is configured, and the concrete is poured and vibrated;

[0075] (4) Demolding and maintenance: Figure 3 As shown, after 1 to 2 days, the steel bar fixing frame 21 is removed, the formwork 2 is removed, and standard curing is performed.

[0076] Furthermore, the concrete described in step 3 may be ultra-high performance concrete having a strength of not less than 140 MPa.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the above-prepared rectangular prefabricated block 11 is used as a basic assembly unit to assemble the bullet-proof layer. The specific preparation steps are:

[0078] (1) Lifting the rectangular prefabricated block 11: First, the rope 4 is fixed to the lifting rod 31 embedded in the upper surface of the rectangular prefabricated block 11, and the rectangular prefabricated block 11 is lifted to the designated position by the rope 4.

[0079] (2) Anchoring the rectangular prefabricated blocks 11: The semicircular grooves 102 of adjacent rectangular prefabricated blocks 11 form circular grooves at preset positions, and the rivets 5 are passed through the circular grooves to anchor the rectangular prefabricated blocks 11 to the dam body 6.

[0080] Step 1 and step 2 are performed alternately, that is, after the rectangular prefabricated block 11 is hoisted to the predetermined position, it is anchored and connected to the dam body 6 by rivets 5 until an assembled bullet-proof layer is formed.

[0081] Embodiment 2:

[0082] like Figure 7 to Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, and the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the prefabricated block 1 in this embodiment is a hexagonal prefabricated block 12. Considering the limitation of the hexagonal shape, the upper and lower layers of the ceramic balls 102 are staggered, and the ceramic balls 102 in the same layer are staggered. The preparation method of the hexagonal prefabricated block 12 is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the vertical mold uses six combined side templates installed on the bottom template, and the preparation of the assembled bullet-proof layer is also the same as that of the embodiment 1.

[0083] Embodiment 3:

[0084] like Figure 13 to Figure 18 As shown, this embodiment is based on Example 1, and differs from Example 1 in that the prefabricated block 1 of this embodiment adopts a rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13, wherein the diameter of the ceramic ball 102 is selected to be 100-250 mm, and the upper and lower layers of ceramic balls 102 are arranged in a staggered manner; the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 is provided with lifting ribs 31 at the gaps between the upper ceramic balls 102, and the exposed portion of the lifting ribs 31 is the same length as the embedded portion; the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 is provided with a rectangular constraint frame, and a round steel pipe is welded inside as a reserved anchor hole 131.

[0085] In order to facilitate transportation and hoisting assembly, the design volume of the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 of this embodiment is 0.2-10m 3 , preferably 1 to 6 m 3 The distance between the opposite edges is 0.5~3m and the thickness is 0.2m~2m.

[0086] The specific preparation steps are:

[0087] (1) Reserve anchor holes for welding constraint frame: Fig.13 As shown, a round steel pipe is welded at a preset position in the rectangular steel frame 132 as a reserved anchor hole 131;

[0088] (2) Arrangement of ceramic balls and lifting bars: Fig.14 As shown, a double-layer ceramic ball 102 is arranged in a rectangular steel frame 132, with the upper and lower layers aligned, and then the lifting bar 31 is fixed to the specified position of the steel bar fixing frame 21;

[0089] (3) Pouring concrete: Fig.14 As shown, ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength is configured, and the concrete is poured and vibrated;

[0090] (4) Demolding and maintenance: Figure 15-16 As shown, the steel bar fixing frame 21 is removed after 1 to 2 days for maintenance.

[0091] In this embodiment, the template adopts a rectangular steel frame 13, which can be directly cast into shape.

[0092] Furthermore, the concrete described in step 3 may be ultra-high performance concrete having a strength of not less than 140 MPa.

[0093] like Fig.17 As shown, the above-prepared rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 is used as a basic assembly unit to assemble the bullet-proof layer. The specific preparation steps are:

[0094] (1) Hoisting the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13: First, the rope 4 is fixed to the lifting rib 31 pre-buried on the upper surface of the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13, and the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 is hoisted to a designated position by the rope 4.

[0095] (2) Anchoring the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13: The reserved anchoring holes 131 arranged in the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 are used to anchor the rivets 5 through the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 to the dam body 6.

[0096] Step 1 and step 2 are performed alternately, that is, after the rectangular steel frame prefabricated block 13 is hoisted to the predetermined position, it is anchored and connected to the dam body 6 by rivets 5 until an assembled bullet-proof layer is formed.

[0097] Embodiment 4:

[0098] like Figure 19 to Figure 24 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 2, and the difference from embodiment 2 is that the prefabricated block 1 in this embodiment is a hexagonal steel frame prefabricated block 14. Considering the limitation of the hexagonal shape, the upper and lower layers of ceramic balls 102 are staggered, and the ceramic balls 102 in the same layer are staggered. The preparation method of the hexagonal steel frame prefabricated block 14 is similar to that of embodiment 2, and the template 2 is replaced with a hexagonal steel frame 141, and it is directly cast and formed; the preparation of the assembled bullet-proof layer is also the same as that of embodiment 1.

[0099] Embodiment 5:

[0100] like Figure 19 to Figure 24 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 3, and the difference from embodiment 3 is that the prefabricated block 1 in this embodiment is a hexagonal steel frame prefabricated block 14. Considering the limitation of the hexagonal shape, the upper and lower layers of ceramic balls 102 are staggered, and the ceramic balls 102 in the same layer are staggered. The preparation method of the hexagonal steel frame prefabricated block 14 is similar to that of embodiment 3, except that the rectangular steel frame 132 is replaced by a hexagonal steel frame 141; the preparation of the assembled bullet-proof layer is also the same as that of embodiment 3.

[0101] The present invention innovatively proposes a method of using prefabricated blocks 1 for factory production, followed by rapid hoisting and splicing at the construction site, to construct a high-strength dam bullet-proof layer. Compared with the traditional method of pouring ultra-high-strength concrete in large volumes on site, this method significantly improves the construction speed, ensures the reliability and consistency of the mechanical properties of the material, and maintains the overall competitiveness of the construction cost. In short, the present invention realizes the construction of a dam bullet-proof layer with high efficiency, economy and controllable quality.

[0102] Compared with traditional prefabricated blocks, the present invention arranges a double layer of ceramic balls 102 in ultra-high performance concrete. During the process of the projectile invading the prefabricated blocks, the projectile and the ceramic balls 102 interact strongly with each other. Since the strength of the ceramic balls 102 and the concrete are not equal, non-uniform stress fields and strong local stress fields are generated during the collision, causing the projectile to break or deflect, thereby significantly reducing the penetration depth.

[0103] The prefabricated block 1 in the present invention can be used in combination with a constraint frame (steel frame). Directly preparing the prefabricated block through the steel frame can reduce the use of templates, simplify production, and improve the anti-penetration ability of the prefabricated block.

[0104] In view of the above advantages, the present invention has broad application prospects in the field of protection of facilities such as dams.

[0105] The above are only some specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to them. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an act that infringes the protection scope of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments in any form according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-resistance prefabricated block, characterized in that: The prefabricated block is formed by placing more than one layer of ceramic balls, embedding lifting bars in advance, and pouring concrete; The concrete is ultra-high performance concrete.

2. The prefabricated block according to claim 1, characterized in that: A double layer of ceramic balls is arranged in the prefabricated block.

3. The prefabricated block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated block is in a rectangular or hexagonal shape.

4. The prefabricated block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A semicircular groove is reserved on the side of the prefabricated block.

5. The prefabricated block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The prefabricated block comprises a prefabricated block body and an external constraint frame, wherein the external constraint frame is arranged outside the prefabricated block body and serves as a template for preparing the prefabricated block body.

6. The prefabricated block according to claim 5, characterized in that: Round steel pipes are evenly welded on the bottom surface of the external constraint frame as reserved anchor holes.

7. The prefabricated block according to claim 5, characterized in that: Semicircular grooves are evenly arranged on the side surfaces of the external constraint frame.

8. A method for preparing a high-resistance prefabricated block, applied to the preparation of the prefabricated block of claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: Step a1, erecting the formwork: installing the combined side formwork on the bottom formwork, applying a release agent on the inner surface of the formwork, installing a steel bar fixing frame on the formwork, and fixing the oppositely arranged side formworks through the formwork limiting strips on the steel bar fixing frame; Step a2, arranging ceramic balls and lifting bars: arranging more than one layer of ceramic balls in the template, and fixing the lifting bars at the designated position of the steel bar fixing frame; Step a3, pouring concrete: preparing ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength, pouring concrete and vibrating it; Step a4, formwork removal and curing: after a certain period of time, remove the steel bar fixing frame, remove the formwork, and carry out curing.

9. A method for preparing a high-resistance prefabricated block, applied to the preparation of the prefabricated block according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: Step b1, welding the reserved anchor holes of the external constraint frame: welding round steel pipes at preset positions in the external constraint frame as reserved anchor holes; Step b2, arranging ceramic balls and lifting bars: arranging one or more layers of ceramic balls in the external constraint frame, installing a steel bar fixing frame on the external constraint frame, and fixing the lifting bars at the designated positions of the steel bar fixing frame; Step b3, pouring concrete: preparing ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength, pouring concrete and vibrating it; Step b4, demolding and curing: after a certain period of time, remove the steel bar fixing frame and carry out curing.

10. A method for preparing a high-resistance prefabricated block, applied to the preparation of the prefabricated block according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: Step c1, arranging ceramic balls and lifting bars: arranging more than one layer of ceramic balls in the external constraint frame, installing a steel bar fixing frame on the external constraint frame, and fixing the lifting bars at the specified position of the steel bar fixing frame; wherein, semicircular grooves are evenly (equidistantly) arranged on the side of the external constraint frame Step c2, pouring concrete: preparing ultra-high performance concrete with a preset strength, pouring concrete and vibrating it; Step c3, demolding and curing: after a certain period of time, remove the steel bar fixing frame and carry out curing.

11. A hanging dam bulletproof layer, characterized in that: It is formed by splicing the prefabricated blocks described in any one of claims 1 to 7; all the prefabricated blocks have the same structure.

12. A method for preparing a draped dam bulletproof layer, the bulletproof layer being formed by splicing the prefabricated blocks according to claim 4 or 7, the method comprising: Fix the rope on the lifting rod set on the prefabricated block, lift the prefabricated block to the designated position through the rope, so that the semicircular grooves between adjacent prefabricated blocks are enclosed to form a circular groove, and use rivets to pass through the circular groove to anchor the prefabricated block to the dam; lay the prefabricated blocks in order from the lower part of the dam to the upper part of the dam to form a draped dam bullet-proof layer.

13. A method for preparing a draped dam bulletproof layer, the bulletproof layer being formed by splicing the prefabricated blocks according to claim 6, the method comprising: Fix the rope on the lifting rod installed on the prefabricated block, lift the prefabricated block to the designated position through the rope, pass the rivets through the reserved anchor holes arranged in the prefabricated block to anchor the prefabricated block to the dam body, and pass the rivets through the circular groove to anchor the prefabricated block to the dam; lay the prefabricated blocks in order from the lower part of the dam to the upper part of the dam to form a draped dam bulletproof layer.

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