Plug-in type hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding steel arch

Abstract

The application discloses a plug-in type hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding steel arch, which is composed of a plurality of steel arch assemblies, and is connected through butt cylinders and hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding devices between two adjacent steel arch assemblies; the upper assembly of the multi-stage yielding device comprises a sleeve, a connecting rod and a spherical end, the inner wall of the side plate provided with two wing plates facing the steel arch in the sleeve is provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves at intervals, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, and the spherical end is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod; the lower assembly of the multi-stage yielding device comprises a lower end plate and a multi-stage yielding damper, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one multi-stage yielding damper is installed in each through hole. The application has the advantages that the hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding damper is used to realize the multi-stage yielding of the steel arch, the steel arch can adapt to the large deformation of different surrounding rocks, and the safety of the steel arch and the tunnel is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of efficient support of tunnels and control of large deformation of soft rock, and in particular to a plug-in type multi-stage threaded multi-stage yielding steel arch. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel excavation, when the tunnel passes through a fault fracture zone or soft surrounding rock, etc., the problem of large deformation of the surrounding rock caused by extrusion will occur. The pressure of the surrounding rock caused by large deformation will cause serious damage to the internal support of the tunnel, affecting the construction progress, and in severe cases, leading to the destruction of the tunnel and even threatening the safety of the construction personnel.

[0003] Existing research shows that yielding support is an effective technical measure to deal with the problem of large deformation of the surrounding rock caused by extrusion. In the prior art, the steel arch device for inhibiting large deformation of a tunnel with publication number CN214997711 U sets an adapter device between the steel arches, which is composed of a box body, a top plate, a yielding rod, a steel arch adapter plate and a spring. A plurality of yielding rods are provided on the top plates at both ends of the box body, and a spring is nested on the yielding rod. One end of the spring is connected with the yielding rod, and the other end is connected with the top plate. The deformation of the adapter device replaces the deformation of the steel arch, thereby reducing the stress on the steel arch and protecting the steel arch. Patent ZL 201910995638.6 "Plug-in type spherical hinge type quantifiable yielding steel arch connecting component and use method" sets a connecting component between two steel arches, which includes a connecting rod and a sleeve. The connecting rod includes a spherical end, a threaded end and a rod body. The sleeve is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open. An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve near the closed end, and a one-way clamping part is provided on the inner wall of the open end of the sleeve. By inserting the connecting rod into the sleeve, the internal thread of the sleeve and the spherical end are extruded and sheared to generate resistance, thereby realizing deformation yielding. However, the existing technology has the following problems: (1) In fact, different geological conditions have different surrounding rock deformations, and the steel arch lacks the setting of self-adaptation to different surrounding rocks; (2) The large deformation of the surrounding rock is divided into several stages, and the steel arch lacks real-time self-adjustment and matching of the yielding deformation setting of each stage of the surrounding rock deformation; (3) The traditional yielding connecting rod is not firmly connected with the steel arch, which cannot effectively ensure the stability of the steel arch; (4) The yielding device is placed between the steel arches, and the yielding deformation amount is limited. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims at providing an instant plug-in type hierarchical thread multi-stage compression steel arch based on the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The instant plug-in type hierarchical thread multi-stage compression steel arch is composed of a plurality of steel arch components, the steel arch component is an I-shaped steel structure, two adjacent steel arch components are connected by a hierarchical thread multi-stage compression device, the two adjacent steel arch components are an upper steel arch component and a lower steel arch component, the hierarchical thread multi-stage compression device is composed of a multi-stage compression device upper component and a multi-stage compression device lower component, the multi-stage compression device upper component and the multi-stage compression device lower component are installed on the upper steel arch component and the lower steel arch component by a butt joint cylinder, the butt joint cylinder is provided with an I-shaped groove matched with the steel arch component, and the two butt joint cylinders are an upper butt joint cylinder and a lower butt joint cylinder; the multi-stage compression device upper component includes a sleeve, a connecting rod and a spherical end, the sleeve is a rectangular structure with a cover assembled by an upper end plate and four side plates, the inner wall of the side plate provided on the two wings of the sleeve facing the steel arch component is provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves, the connecting rod is provided with a plurality of connecting rods, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, the spherical end is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the multi-stage compression device lower component includes a lower end plate and a multi-stage compression damper, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one multi-stage compression damper is installed in each through hole, the multi-stage compression device lower component and the lower steel arch component are installed in the sleeve, and the connecting rod and the spherical end are installed in the multi-stage compression damper.

[0007] The multi-stage compression damper includes a damping cylinder and a bottom end plate, the damping cylinder is internally provided with a multi-stage thread, the inner diameter of each thread of the multi-stage thread decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom end plate is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder and used for closing the bottom end of the damping cylinder.

[0008] The damping cylinder top is provided with a one-way clamping buckle.

[0009] The one-way clamping buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates arranged along the inner periphery of the opening end of the damping cylinder, the outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected to the damping cylinder through a rotatable member, and a hole allowing the connecting rod to pass through is formed between the inner sides of the plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates.

[0010] The upper butt joint cylinder is connected to the upper end plate of the upper assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device, and the lower butt joint cylinder is connected to the lower end plate of the lower assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device.

[0011] The positions and numbers of the spherical end heads of the upper assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device correspond to the positions and numbers of the multi-stage pressure releasing dampers of the lower assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device.

[0012] The spherical end heads of the upper assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device and the multi-stage pressure releasing dampers of the lower assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device are arranged in an array, and the numbers of the spherical end heads are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the upper steel arch assembly, and the numbers of the multi-stage pressure releasing dampers are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the lower steel arch assembly.

[0013] The advantages of the present application are:

[0014] (1) The spherical end head abuts and shears the first graded thread, when the deformation of the steel arch reaches a certain critical value, the spherical end head abuts and shears the second graded thread, automatically starting the secondary deformation, and the spherical end head abuts and shears the third graded thread, automatically starting the tertiary deformation, realizing multi-stage pressure releasing of large deformation of the steel arch;

[0015] (2) The graded thread can adapt to different surrounding rocks according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformation, protecting the steel arch;

[0016] (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the multi-stage pressure releasing device can reduce the deformation of the steel arch itself, preventing the steel arch from being twisted and crushed;

[0017] (4) The butt joint cylinder of the graded thread multi-stage pressure releasing device can realize fast connection between steel arches, the formed steel arch is firm and reliable, the initial support construction efficiency is accelerated, the support opportunity is ensured, the tunnel deformation is effectively controlled, and the safety of tunnel construction is ensured;

[0018] (5) The steel arch inserted into the sleeve and the plurality of connecting rods inserted into the damping cylinder not only guide the deformation direction of the steel arch, but also increase the overall stability between the steel arch and the pressure releasing device, and when the pressure releasing device deforms, the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch can be reduced through the balls arranged on the side plate of the sleeve;

[0019] (6) The multi-stage pressure damper is set at the bottom of the lower end plate. When the deformation of the multi-stage pressure damper reaches the limit, the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the steel arch frame can be completely fitted together, which can make full use of the small space between the steel arch frames, increase the deformation of the steel arch frame, and enhance the stability of the steel arch frame. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steel arch frame of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the graded thread multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the components on the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the components of the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB);

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0028] like Figures 1-8 As shown in the figure, the labels represent:

[0029] a. Steel arch frame;

[0030] 1. Multi-stage pressure relief device with graded thread; 2. Steel arch frame assembly;

[0031] 11. Upper component of the multi-stage pressure relief device; 12. Lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device;

[0032] 111. Sleeve, 112. Upper end plate, 113. Side plate, 114. Connecting rod, 115. Spherical end, 116. Slide groove, 117. Ball bearing, 118. Connecting sleeve, 119. I-shaped groove;

[0033] 121. Lower end plate; 122. Through hole; 123. Multi-stage pressure damper; 124. Damping cylinder; 125. Bottom sealing end plate; 126. First stage thread; 127. Second stage thread; 128. Third stage thread; 129. One-way snap-fit.

[0034] 21. Upper steel arch frame assembly; 22. Lower steel arch frame assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0036] Example: Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment relates to an insertable graded threaded multi-stage pressure relief steel arch frame. The steel arch frame a is composed of multiple steel arch frame components 2. The steel arch frame components 2 are I-beam structures. Adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are connected by graded threaded multi-stage pressure relief devices 1. The two adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are respectively the upper steel arch frame component 21 and the lower steel arch frame component 22.

[0037] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the graded threaded multi-stage pressure relief device 1 consists of an upper multi-stage pressure relief device component 11 and a lower multi-stage pressure relief device component 12 that cooperate with each other. The upper multi-stage pressure relief device component 11 and the lower multi-stage pressure relief device component 12 are respectively installed on the upper steel arch frame component 21 and the lower steel arch frame component 22 through connecting cylinders 118. The connecting cylinder 118 is provided with an I-shaped groove 119 that cooperates with the steel arch frame component 2. The steel arch frame component 2 can be inserted into the I-shaped groove 119 of the connecting cylinder 118 to complete the quick connection between the steel arch frame component 2 and the graded threaded multi-stage pressure relief device 1. The two connecting cylinders 118 are the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder, respectively. The upper connecting cylinder is connected to the upper end plate 112 of the upper multi-stage pressure relief device component 11, and the lower connecting cylinder is connected to the lower end plate 121 of the lower multi-stage pressure relief device component 12.

[0038] The upper component 11 of the multi-stage pressure relief device includes a sleeve 111, a connecting rod 114, and a spherical end 115. The sleeve 111 is a rectangular structure with a cover on the upper part, assembled from an upper end plate 112 and four side plates 113. The inner wall of the two side plates 113 facing the wing plates of the steel arch frame assembly 2 in the sleeve 111 is provided with multiple parallel sliding grooves 116. Multiple self-rotating balls 117 are spaced apart in the sliding grooves 116. That is, the balls 117 cannot move along the vertical direction of the sliding grooves 116, but can rotate. There are four connecting rods 114, which are arranged in an array. The connecting rods 114 are installed on the upper end plate 112 and located in the sleeve 111. The spherical end 115 is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 114. The four spherical ends 115 are located on both sides of the web of the upper steel arch frame assembly.

[0039] The lower assembly 12 of the multi-stage pressure relief device comprises a lower end plate 121 and multi-stage pressure relief dampers 123. The cross-sectional size of the lower assembly 12 (the lower end plate 121), the cross-sectional size of the lower steel arch assembly, and the cross-sectional size inside the sleeve 111 correspond to each other. The lower assembly 12 and the lower steel arch assembly are both installed inside the sleeve 111 and move along the extension direction inside the sleeve 111. Four through holes 122 are formed in the lower end plate 121, and one multi-stage pressure relief damper 123 is welded or threadedly connected and installed in each through hole 122. The positions and numbers of the spherical end heads 115 of the upper assembly 11 correspond to the positions and numbers of the multi-stage pressure relief dampers 123 of the lower assembly 12, respectively. The four multi-stage pressure relief dampers 123 are located on both sides of the web of the lower steel arch assembly, respectively. The multi-stage pressure relief damper 123 comprises a damping cylinder 124 and a bottom sealing end plate 125. The damping cylinder 124 is internally provided with multi-stage threads. The inner diameter of each stage of threads decreases from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the multi-stage threads are three-stage threads, which comprise a first sub-stage thread 126, a second sub-stage thread 127, and a third sub-stage thread 128 arranged from top to bottom. The inner diameter of the first sub-stage thread 126 is greater than that of the second sub-stage thread 127, and the inner diameter of the second sub-stage thread 127 is greater than that of the third sub-stage thread 128. The bottom sealing end plate 125 is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124 and is used to seal the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124. The connecting rod 114 and the spherical end head 115 are both installed in the damping cylinder 124 of the multi-stage pressure relief damper 123. In addition, the top of the damping cylinder 124 is provided with a one-way clamping buckle 129. The one-way clamping buckle 129 can limit the spherical end head 115 and prevent the spherical end head 115 from moving out of the damping cylinder 124. The one-way clamping buckle 129 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, which are arranged along the inner periphery of the opening end of the damping cylinder 124. In this embodiment, there are four arc-shaped rotating plates. The outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected to the damping cylinder 124 through a rotatable member (a torsional spring can be used). A hole through which the connecting rod 114 passes is formed between the inner sides of the four arc-shaped rotating plates. Under normal conditions, the arc-shaped rotating plates are in a horizontal state. When the arc-shaped rotating plates are subjected to a downward force, the arc-shaped rotating plates rotate downward. When the downward force disappears, the arc-shaped rotating plates rotate back to the horizontal state. When the arc-shaped rotating plates are subjected to an upward force, they remain in the horizontal state and do not rotate upward.

[0040] As shown in Figures 1-8 The working method of the multi-stage pressure relief device 1 is as follows:

[0041] When the spherical end head 115 presses the one-way snap buckle 129 downward, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates downward, so that the spherical end head 115 enters the damping cylinder 124, when the spherical end head 115 completely enters the damping cylinder 124, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates to the horizontal state, the connecting rod 114 is located in the hole formed between the inner side of the arc-shaped rotating plate, the one-way snap buckle 129 can limit the spherical end head 115 from separating from the damping cylinder 124, and the hole formed between the inner side of the arc-shaped rotating plate guides the connecting rod 114. The spherical end head 115 abuts and shears the first stepped thread 126, when the steel arch a deforms to a certain critical value, the spherical end head 115 abuts and shears the second stepped thread 127, and automatically starts the secondary deformation, and the spherical end head 115 abuts and shears the third stepped thread 128, and automatically starts the tertiary deformation, so as to realize the multi-stage pressure relief of the large deformation of the steel arch a. When the multi-stage pressure relief damper 123 deforms to the limit, the upper end plate 112 and the lower end plate 121 can be completely attached, the small space between the steel arches a can be fully utilized, the deformation amount of the steel arches a is increased, and the stability of the steel arches a is enhanced. In this process, the friction between the sleeve 111 and the lower steel arch assembly can be reduced by the balls 117 arranged on the side plate 113 of the sleeve 111.

[0042] The beneficial technical effects of the embodiment are:

[0043] (1) The spherical end head abuts and shears the first stepped thread, when the steel arch deforms to a certain critical value, the spherical end head abuts and shears the second stepped thread, and automatically starts the secondary deformation, and the spherical end head abuts and shears the third stepped thread, and automatically starts the tertiary deformation, so as to realize the multi-stage pressure relief of the large deformation of the steel arch;

[0044] (2) The stepped thread can adapt to different surrounding rocks according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformation, and protect the steel arch;

[0045] (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the multi-stage pressure relief device can reduce the deformation of the steel arch itself, and prevent the steel arch from being twisted and crushed;

[0046] (4) The steel arch is inserted into the sleeve, and the plurality of connecting rods are inserted into the damping cylinder, which not only guides the deformation direction of the steel arch, but also increases the overall stability between the steel arch and the pressure relief device, and when the pressure relief device deforms, the balls arranged on the side plate of the sleeve can reduce the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch;

[0047] (5) The multi-stage pressure relief damper is arranged below the lower end plate, when the multi-stage pressure relief damper deforms to the limit, the upper end plate and the lower end plate can be completely attached, the small space between the steel arches is fully utilized, the deformation amount of the steel arches is increased, and the stability of the steel arches is enhanced.

[0048] Although the above embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein, but that various modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the application as set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A plug and play stepped threaded multi-stage yieldable steel arch, characterized in that: The steel arch is composed of a plurality of steel arch assemblies, the steel arch assembly is an I-shaped steel structure, two adjacent steel arch assemblies are connected by a hierarchical thread multi-stage pressure device, the two adjacent steel arch assemblies are an upper steel arch assembly and a lower steel arch assembly, the hierarchical thread multi-stage pressure device is composed of a multi-stage pressure device upper assembly and a multi-stage pressure device lower assembly, the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly and the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly are respectively installed on the upper steel arch assembly and the lower steel arch assembly through butt joints, the butt joint is provided with an I-shaped groove matched with the steel arch assembly, and the two butt joints are an upper butt joint and a lower butt joint.

2. A plug-in type hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable steel arch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage pressure device upper assembly includes a sleeve, a connecting rod and a spherical end, the sleeve is an upper rectangular structure with a cover assembled by an upper end plate and four side plates, the inner walls of the side plates provided on two wing plates of the sleeve facing the steel arch assembly are provided with a plurality of sliding grooves arranged in parallel, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves at intervals, the connecting rod is provided with a plurality of connecting rods, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, and the spherical end is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod.

3. A plug-in type hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable steel arch as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage pressure device lower assembly includes a lower end plate and a multi-stage pressure damper, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one multi-stage pressure damper is arranged in each through hole.

4. A plug-in type hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable steel arch as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-stage pressure damper includes a damping cylinder and a bottom end plate, a plurality of hierarchical threads are arranged in the damping cylinder, the inner diameters of the hierarchical threads decrease from top to bottom, and the bottom end plate is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder and used for sealing the bottom end of the damping cylinder.

5. The plug and play hierarchical threaded multi-level yieldable steel arch as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The top of the damping cylinder is provided with a one-way clamping buckle.

6. A plug-in type hierarchical threaded multi-level yieldable steel arch as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The one-way clamping buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, the arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged along the inner circumferences of the opening ends of the damping cylinder, the outer sides of the arc-shaped rotating plates are connected with the damping cylinder through rotatable members, and a hole allowing the connecting rod to pass through is formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plates.

7. A plug-in type hierarchical threaded multi-stage yieldable steel arch as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The upper butt joint is connected with the upper end plate of the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly, and the lower butt joint is connected with the lower end plate of the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly. The positions and numbers of the spherical ends of the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly correspond to the positions and numbers of the multi-stage pressure dampers of the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly. The spherical ends of the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly and the multi-stage pressure dampers of the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly are arranged in an array, the numbers of the spherical ends are arranged on both sides of the web of the upper steel arch assembly, and the numbers of the multi-stage pressure dampers are arranged on both sides of the web of the lower steel arch assembly.

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