A gear-shifting reducer with disengageable gears and method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear and a method thereof, and the present invention relates to the technical field of reducers. The shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear and the method thereof, through the cooperation of an input shaft, a shifting gear mechanism, a lubricating oil filtering mechanism, and a lubricating oil pumping mechanism, can shift the shifting gear mechanism in advance to complete the switching operation of different gears. Under the drive of the electric motor for a new energy vehicle, the input shaft rotates. During the process, the lubricating oil pumping mechanism can use the power of the input shaft to complete the repeated pumping and draining of the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil circulates. During the process, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism can filter the lubricating oil in time and intercept impurities, which helps to maintain the performance of the lubricating oil. Moreover, each time the shifting gear mechanism switches gears, it can timely drive the lubricating oil filtering mechanism to work, so that the lubricating oil filtering mechanism automatically adjusts different internal positions to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil in the lower casing, thereby ensuring the normal filtering effect of the lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, and in particular to a shifting gear speed reducer with detachable gears and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the power system of new energy vehicles, the electric motor is the core component responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle forward, while the shifting gear reducer plays a vital role in this process. It can adjust the speed and torque output by the electric motor, so that new energy vehicles can maintain efficient and smooth driving under different speed and load conditions.

[0003] A gear reducer with a shifting function disclosed in a patent application with reference publication number CN103410931A adopts gear reduction to lower the base speed, better reduce the overload of the engine, achieve adjustable speed, and realize different transmission speeds in the two gears. The high gear can reach 150-180 rpm, achieving the purpose of collecting light, effectively avoiding high temperature and heat generation of the reducer, and can work continuously, reduce power loss, and improve work efficiency.

[0004] A comprehensive analysis of the above reference patents reveals the following defects:

[0005] Existing shifting gear reducers and methods with disengageable gears are usually injected with lubricating oil inside to lubricate the internal gears. With the continuous use of the lubricating oil, impurities will gradually accumulate inside. A filter plate is usually set in the reducer to filter the lubricating oil. However, the surface of the filter plate will become clogged after long-term use, affecting the filtering effect. It is difficult to use the power when switching gears to switch the filter plate and clean the surface of the filter plate in time, resulting in limited filtering effect of the lubricating oil and affecting the performance of the reducer. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a shifting gear reducer with disengageable gears and a method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a shifting gear reducer and method with detachable gears, which solves the problem that lubricating oil is usually injected inside to lubricate the internal gears. With the continuous use of the lubricating oil, impurities will gradually accumulate inside. A filter plate is usually set in the reducer to filter the lubricating oil. However, the surface of the filter plate will become clogged after long-term use, affecting the filtering effect. It is difficult to utilize the power when switching gears to switch the filter plate and clean the surface of the filter plate in time, resulting in limited filtering effect of the lubricating oil and affecting the performance of the reducer.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A shifting gear reducer with a detachable gear comprises a lower housing and an upper housing mounted on top of the lower housing by bolts, and further comprises:

[0008] An input shaft is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the left inner cavity of the lower casing, the front end of the input shaft rotates and passes through the front wall of the lower casing, a connecting shaft is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the middle inner cavity of the lower casing, a front fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the connecting shaft is provided with a front gear, a rear fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the connecting shaft is provided with a rear gear, a middle fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the connecting shaft is provided with a connecting gear, an output shaft is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the right inner cavity of the lower casing, an external fixed sleeve of the output shaft is provided with a large gear meshing with the connecting gear, a protective cover is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the lower casing, the rear end of the output shaft rotates and passes through the rear wall of the protective cover and is fixedly provided with a universal transmission shaft, and the rear fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the output shaft is provided with a small gear located in the protective cover;

[0009] The shift gear mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the input shaft and is used to engage with the front gear or the rear gear respectively to complete the switching operation of different gears;

[0010] The lubricating oil filter mechanism is arranged at the bottom left side of the lower housing and is used to filter impurities in the lubricating oil in the lower housing. The lubricating oil filter mechanism is adjusted to different positions inside the lubricating oil filter mechanism to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil by utilizing the power when the gear shift mechanism switches gears.

[0011] The lubricating oil extraction mechanism is arranged at the rear end bottom of the lower casing and located inside the protective cover. It is used to use the power of the input shaft to complete the extraction and drainage of the lubricating oil inside the lower casing, so as to complete the circulation flow of the lubricating oil between the lower casing, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism and the lubricating oil extraction mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the shift gear mechanism includes a connecting sleeve, the side wall of the input shaft is fixedly provided with a convex strip, the connecting sleeve is slidably sleeved between the input shaft and the outside of the convex strip, the front part of the outer wall of the connecting sleeve is fixedly sleeved with a front detachable gear, and the rear part of the outer wall of the connecting sleeve is fixedly sleeved with a rear detachable gear, and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve and the front part of the front detachable gear are rotatably sleeved with a shift paddle, a through slot is provided on the upper left side of the lower housing, the left end of the shift paddle slides through the through slot and extends to the outside of the lower housing, the external fixed sleeve of the shift paddle is provided with two sealing plates, the two sealing plates are respectively located on the left and right sides of the through slot and are tightly attached to the inner and outer walls of the lower housing, the external rotatable sleeve of the connecting sleeve is provided with a connecting frame located between the front detachable gear and the rear detachable gear, and a rack is fixedly provided on the rear end bottom of the connecting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism includes a Huitong box, which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the left bottom of the lower casing, and the rack slides through the front and rear walls of the Huitong box. A load-bearing gear is rotatably provided on the upper left part of the inner cavity of the Huitong box, and the top of the load-bearing gear is engaged with the bottom of the rack. An oil outlet is provided at the left bottom of the Huitong box.

[0014] Preferably, a slag collecting cover is fixedly provided on the left side of the Huitong box and located to the left of the oil outlet, the left side of the slag collecting cover is fixedly connected to a connecting cover, the left side of the connecting cover is fixedly connected to the Huitong cover, a semicircular baffle is fixedly provided on the bottom right side of the inner cavity of the connecting cover, and a filtering mechanism is rotatably provided between the connecting cover and the interior of the Huitong box.

[0015] Preferably, the filtering mechanism includes a horizontal axis, the right end of the horizontal axis is provided with a gear ring through a bracket fixing sleeve, the top of the gear ring is engaged with the bottom of the load-bearing gear, a placement ring is rotatably provided between the inner walls of the connecting cover, and a partition is fixedly provided between the front and rear walls of the inner cavity of the placement ring.

[0016] Preferably, two semicircular filter screens are fixedly passed through the interior of the placement ring, and the two semicircular filter screens are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the partition. The left end of the horizontal axis rotates through the semicircular baffle and is fixedly connected between the partition and the right side of the semicircular filter screen.

[0017] Preferably, the lubricating oil extraction mechanism includes a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the rear wall of the lower casing by two clamps and is located in the protective cover. The left end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a suction elbow, and the left end of the suction elbow is fixedly connected to the left end of the confluence cover. The left front end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to an extrusion pipe, and the extrusion pipe is fixedly connected to the lower casing. A liquid inlet valve is fixedly provided on the right part of the suction elbow, and a liquid outlet valve is fixedly provided on the rear part of the extrusion pipe.

[0018] Preferably, a piston rod is slidably provided inside the cylinder, the right end of the piston rod slides through the right wall of the cylinder and is fixedly provided with a square rod, a vertical plate is fixedly provided between the rear wall of the lower shell and the inner wall of the protective cover, and the square rod slides through the vertical plate.

[0019] Preferably, a rectangular guide frame is fixedly provided at the right end of the square rod, and a driven gear located directly below the pinion is provided on the rear wall of the lower housing through rotation of a short shaft, and a support plate is fixedly provided at the rear end of the short shaft, and a convex column is fixedly provided on the side of the rear end of the support plate away from the short shaft, and the convex column slides through the interior of the rectangular guide frame, and the top of the driven gear is engaged with the bottom of the pinion.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for using a shifting gear reducer with a detachable gear. The method comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: When the output power needs to be adjusted, the external driving mechanism is used to move the shift gear mechanism in the forward and backward directions so that the shift gear mechanism engages with the front gear or the rear gear to complete the shifting operation to the desired gear. When the shift gear mechanism switches gears, the lubricating oil filter mechanism is driven to work, so that the lubricating oil filter mechanism automatically adjusts to different internal positions to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil in the lower casing;

[0022] Step 2: Since the front end of the input shaft is connected to the external electric motor for new energy vehicles, the input shaft and the shifting gear mechanism rotate rapidly under the drive of the electric motor for new energy vehicles. Since the front gear is larger and has more teeth than the rear gear, the connecting gear is smaller and has fewer teeth than the front gear, and the large gear is larger and has more teeth than the connecting gear, the shifting gear mechanism is engaged with the front gear or the rear gear. As the shifting gear mechanism rotates rapidly, the connecting shaft and the connecting gear rotate, thereby driving the large gear and the output shaft to rotate at a low speed to achieve the purpose of deceleration. The output shaft drives the universal joint shaft to rotate at a low speed. Under the action of the universal joint shaft, the purpose of changing the transmission direction is finally achieved;

[0023] Step 3. During the rotation of the output shaft, the pinion rotates accordingly, thereby driving the lubricating oil pumping mechanism to work. The lubricating oil pumping mechanism repeatedly pumps and discharges the lubricating oil inside the lower casing, so that the lubricating oil circulates between the lower casing, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism and the lubricating oil pumping mechanism. During the process of the lubricating oil passing through the lubricating oil filtering mechanism, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism filters the impurities in the lubricating oil and intercepts the impurities.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] The present invention provides a shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear and a method thereof. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. A shift gear reducer with a disengageable gear and a method thereof. Through the mutual cooperation among an input shaft, a shift gear mechanism, a lubricating oil filtering mechanism, and a lubricating oil pumping mechanism, the shift gear mechanism is shifted in advance so that the shift gear mechanism engages with the front gear or the rear gear, thereby completing the switching operation between different gears. Ultimately, the input speed can be adjusted to a desired state to complete the deceleration. Driven by an electric motor for a new energy vehicle, the input shaft rotates. During this process, the lubricating oil pumping mechanism can use the power of the input shaft to repeatedly pump out the lubricating oil inside the lower housing, so that the lubricating oil circulates among the lower housing, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism, and the lubricating oil pumping mechanism. During this process, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism can timely filter the lubricating oil in the lower housing and intercept impurities, which helps to maintain the performance of the lubricating oil and extend its service life. In addition, each time the shift gear mechanism switches gears, it can timely drive the lubricating oil filtering mechanism to work, so that the lubricating oil filtering mechanism automatically adjusts different internal positions to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil in the lower housing, ensuring a normal filtering effect of the lubricating oil.

[0027] 2. A shifting gear reducer and method with a disengageable gear, wherein the coupling sleeve, the front disengageable gear, the rear disengageable gear, the rack, the bearing gear and the filter mechanism cooperate with each other, and an external driving mechanism is used to move the shift paddle in the front-to-back direction, so that the coupling sleeve, the front disengageable gear and the rear disengageable gear move accordingly, so that the front disengageable gear meshes with the front gear, or the rear disengageable gear meshes with the rear gear. The front disengageable gear is smaller in size and has fewer teeth than the rear disengageable gear, so the shifting operation to the desired gear can be completed quickly, and the use is more convenient. The coupling sleeve is in the process of moving the set distance. In the process, the rack moves forward and backward, thereby driving the load-bearing gear to rotate the set angle, and the filtering mechanism rotates 180 degrees, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the positions of the two semicircular filter plates up and down. In the process of the upper semicircular filter plate rotating to the lower part, the top side wall of the semicircular baffle cleans the side wall of the semicircular filter plate in time, and the impurities adhering to the right side of the semicircular filter plate are scraped off in time. At the same time, the lower semicircular filter plate rotates to the upper part to filter the passing lubricating oil. When switching gears, the semicircular filter plates can be switched at the same time, and the surface of the semicircular filter plates can be scraped in time to ensure good subsequent filtering effect on the lubricating oil.

[0028] 3. A shifting gear reducer and method with a detachable gear. Through the mutual cooperation among the cylinder, piston rod, square rod, rectangular guide frame, driven gear and boss, the small gear rotates, driving the driven gear to rotate, and the boss rotates accordingly. Since the boss always slides in the rectangular guide frame, the rectangular guide frame is driven to move back and forth in the left and right directions during the process, thereby driving the piston rod to move back and forth left and right. During the process, the lubricating oil in the lower casing is sucked into the cylinder through the oil outlet and the suction elbow, and then squeezed into the lower casing again through the extrusion tube, so that the lubricating oil circulates. In the process of circulation, the semicircular filter plate is timely and automatically filtered, and impurities in the lubricating oil are intercepted in the slag collecting cover. The sealing cover at the bottom of the slag collecting cover is opened regularly to clean out the impurities in the slag collecting cover, thereby ensuring the subsequent stable operation of the reducer.

[0029] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a first stereogram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a second perspective view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a cutaway perspective view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a first assembly drawing of the input shaft, shift gear mechanism, lubricating oil filter mechanism, connecting shaft and output shaft of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a second assembly diagram of the input shaft, shift gear mechanism, lubricating oil filter mechanism, connecting shaft and output shaft of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is an assembly diagram of the input shaft, the shift gear mechanism, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism and the lubricating oil pumping mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the shift gear mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 An exploded view of the shift gear mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 A perspective view of the lubricating oil filtering mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the lubricating oil filtering mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 A perspective view of the filter mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 A perspective view of the lubricating oil pumping mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 An exploded view of the lubricating oil pumping mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 It is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. Lower housing; 2. Upper housing; 3. Input shaft; 4. Shift gear mechanism; 41. Connecting sleeve; 42. Front detachable gear; 43. Rear detachable gear; 44. Shift paddle; 45. Connecting frame; 46. Rack; 5. Lubricating oil filter mechanism; 51. Conveyor box; 52. Carrying gear; 53. Oil outlet; 54. Slag collecting cover; 55. Connecting cover; 56. Conveyor cover; 57. Semicircular baffle; 58. Filter mechanism; 581. Horizontal shaft; 582. Gear ring; 583. Placement ring; 584, partition; 585, semicircular filter plate; 6, lubricating oil extraction mechanism; 61, cylinder; 62, suction elbow; 63, extrusion tube; 64, piston rod; 65, vertical plate; 66, square rod; 67, rectangular guide frame; 68, driven gear; 69, support plate; 610, boss; 7, connecting shaft; 8, front gear; 9, rear gear; 10, connecting gear; 11, output shaft; 12, large gear; 13, small gear; 14, protective cover; 15, universal joint shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The present invention provides two technical solutions:

[0047] like Figures 1 to 6 The first embodiment is shown: a shift gear reducer with a disengageable gear, comprising a lower housing 1 and an upper housing 2 mounted on top of the lower housing 1 by bolts, and further comprising:

[0048] The input shaft 3 is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the left inner cavity of the lower casing 1. The front end of the input shaft 3 rotates and passes through the front wall of the lower casing 1. A connecting shaft 7 is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the middle inner cavity of the lower casing 1. A front gear 8 is provided on the front fixed sleeve of the outer wall of the connecting shaft 7. A rear gear 9 is provided on the rear fixed sleeve of the outer wall of the connecting shaft 7. A connecting gear 10 is provided on the middle fixed sleeve of the outer wall of the connecting shaft 7. An output shaft 11 is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the right inner cavity of the lower casing 1. The outer fixed sleeve of the output shaft 11 is provided with a large gear 12 meshing with the connecting gear 10. A protective cover 14 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the lower casing 1. The rear end of the output shaft 11 rotates and passes through the rear wall of the protective cover 14 and is fixedly provided with a universal transmission shaft 15. The rear fixed sleeve of the outer wall of the output shaft 11 is provided with a small gear 13 located in the protective cover 14.

[0049] The shift gear mechanism 4 is sleeved on the outside of the input shaft 3 and is used to engage with the front gear 8 or the rear gear 9 respectively to complete the switching operation of different gears;

[0050] The lubricating oil filter mechanism 5 is provided at the left bottom of the lower housing 1 and is used to filter impurities in the lubricating oil in the lower housing 1. The lubricating oil filter mechanism 5 is used to filter impurities in the lubricating oil in the lower housing 1 and to filter the lubricating oil at different positions by utilizing the power when the shift gear mechanism 4 switches gears.

[0051] The lubricating oil extraction mechanism 6 is arranged at the rear end bottom of the lower casing 1 and is located inside the protective cover 14. It is used to use the power of the input shaft 3 to complete the extraction and drainage of the lubricating oil inside the lower casing 1, so as to complete the circulation of the lubricating oil between the lower casing 1, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 and the lubricating oil extraction mechanism 6.

[0052] Through the mutual cooperation between the input shaft 3, the shift gear mechanism 4, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 and the lubricating oil pumping mechanism 6, the shift gear mechanism 4 is shifted in advance so that the shift gear mechanism 4 is engaged with the front gear 8 or the rear gear 9, and the switching operation of different gears can be completed, and finally the input speed can be adjusted to the desired state to complete the deceleration. Under the drive of the electric motor for new energy vehicles, the input shaft 3 rotates. During this process, the lubricating oil pumping mechanism 6 can use the power of the input shaft 3 to repeatedly pump out the lubricating oil inside the lower housing 1, so that the lubricating oil circulates between the lower housing 1, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 and the lubricating oil pumping mechanism 6. During this process, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 can filter the lubricating oil in the lower housing 1 in a timely manner and intercept impurities, which helps to maintain the performance of the lubricating oil and extend its service life. In addition, each time the shift gear mechanism 4 switches gears, it can timely drive the lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 to work, so that the lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 automatically adjusts different internal positions to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil in the lower housing 1, ensuring the normal filtering effect of the lubricating oil.

[0053] like Figures 7 to 14The second embodiment is shown, which mainly differs from the first embodiment in that: a shift gear reducer with a disengageable gear, the shift gear mechanism 4 includes a connecting sleeve 41, the side wall of the input shaft 3 is fixedly provided with a convex strip, the connecting sleeve 41 is slidably sleeved between the input shaft 3 and the outside of the convex strip, the front part of the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 41 is fixedly sleeved with a front disengageable gear 42, the rear part of the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 41 is fixedly sleeved with a rear disengageable gear 43, the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 41 and the front part of the front disengageable gear 42 are rotatably sleeved with a shift paddle 44, a through groove is opened on the upper left side of the lower housing 1, the left end of the shift paddle 44 slides through the through groove and extends to the outside of the lower housing 1, and the outer fixed sleeve of the shift paddle 44 is provided with two sealing The two sealing plates are respectively located on the left and right sides of the through groove and are tightly attached to the inner and outer walls of the lower casing 1. The shift paddle 44 can move in the forward and backward directions along the through groove. During the forward and backward movement of the shift paddle 44, the two sealing plates move accordingly, and the two sealing plates always cover the through groove to prevent the lubricating oil in the lower casing 1 from leaking out through the through groove. The outer rotating sleeve 41 is provided with a connecting frame 45 located between the front detachable gear 42 and the rear detachable gear 43. A rack 46 is fixedly provided at the bottom rear end of the connecting frame 45. The lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 includes a connecting box 51, which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the left bottom of the lower casing 1. The rack 46 slides through the front and rear walls of the connecting box 51. The upper left part of the inner cavity of the connecting box 51 is rotated. A load-bearing gear 52 is provided, and the top of the load-bearing gear 52 is meshed with the bottom of the rack 46. An oil outlet 53 is provided at the bottom left of the Huitong box 51. A slag collecting cover 54 is fixedly provided on the left side of the Huitong box 51 and to the left of the oil outlet 53. A sealing cover is provided at the bottom of the slag collecting cover 54 by bolts. The left side of the slag collecting cover 54 is fixedly connected to a connecting cover 55, and the left side of the connecting cover 55 is fixedly connected to a Huitong cover 56. A semicircular baffle 57 is fixedly provided at the bottom right side of the inner cavity of the connecting cover 55. A filtering mechanism 58 is rotatably provided between the connecting cover 55 and the inside of the Huitong box 51. The filtering mechanism 58 includes a horizontal shaft 581, and the right end of the horizontal shaft 581 is fixedly sleeved with a gear ring 582 through a bracket. The top of the gear ring 582 is meshed with the bottom of the load-bearing gear 52 The inner wall of the connecting cover 55 is rotatably provided with a placement ring 583, and the front and rear walls of the inner cavity of the placement ring 583 are fixedly provided with a partition 584. The interior of the placement ring 583 is fixedly penetrated by two semicircular filter screens 585, and the two semicircular filter screens 585 are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the partition 584. The left end of the horizontal axis 581 rotates through the semicircular baffle 57 and is fixedly connected between the partition 584 and the right side of the semicircular filter screen 585. The left side wall of the semicircular baffle 57 is in close contact with the right side wall of the semicircular filter screen 585 located at the lower part. The lubricating oil pumping mechanism 6 includes a cylinder 61, which is fixedly connected to the rear wall of the lower casing 1 through two clamps and is located in the protective cover 14. The left end of the cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the suction elbow 62.The left end of the suction elbow 62 is fixedly connected to the left end of the confluence cover 56, the front left side of the cylinder 61 is fixedly connected with an extrusion pipe 63, the extrusion pipe 63 is fixedly connected to the lower casing 1, the right part of the suction elbow 62 is fixedly provided with a liquid inlet valve, the rear part of the extrusion pipe 63 is fixedly provided with a liquid outlet valve, the interior of the cylinder 61 is slidingly provided with a piston rod 64, the right end of the piston rod 64 slides through the right wall of the cylinder 61 and is fixedly provided with a square rod 66, the rear wall of the lower casing 1 is fixedly provided with the inner wall of the protective cover 14 A vertical plate 65 is fixedly provided, and a square rod 66 slides through the vertical plate 65. A rectangular guide frame 67 is fixedly provided at the right end of the square rod 66. A driven gear 68 is provided on the rear wall of the lower housing 1, which is located directly below the pinion 13 and is rotated by a short shaft. A support plate 69 is fixed to the rear end of the short shaft. A protrusion 610 is fixed to the side of the rear end of the support plate 69 away from the short shaft. The protrusion 610 slides through the interior of the rectangular guide frame 67, and the top of the driven gear 68 meshes with the bottom of the pinion 13.

[0054] By the mutual cooperation among the connecting sleeve 41, the front disengageable gear 42, the rear disengageable gear 43, the rack 46, the load-bearing gear 52 and the filter mechanism 58, the external driving mechanism is used to toggle the shift paddle 44 in the front and rear directions, and the connecting sleeve 41, the front disengageable gear 42 and the rear disengageable gear 43 move accordingly, so that the front disengageable gear 42 is meshed with the front gear 8, or the rear disengageable gear 43 is meshed with the rear gear 9. The front disengageable gear 42 is smaller in size and has fewer teeth than the rear disengageable gear 43, so that the required gear can be quickly switched. The switching operation is convenient to use. When the connecting sleeve 41 moves the set distance, the rack 46 moves in the front-back direction, thereby driving the load-bearing gear 52 to rotate the set angle, and the filter mechanism 58 rotates 180 degrees to achieve the purpose of adjusting the positions of the two semicircular filter plates 585 up and down. When the upper semicircular filter plate 585 rotates to the lower part, the top side wall of the semicircular baffle 57 promptly scrapes the side wall of the semicircular filter plate 585, and the impurities adhering to the right side of the semicircular filter plate 585 are promptly scraped off. At the same time, the lower semicircular filter plate 585 rotates to the upper part. , filter the lubricating oil passing through. When switching gears, the semicircular filter plate 585 can be switched at the same time, and the surface of the semicircular filter plate 585 can be cleaned in time to ensure a good filtering effect on the lubricating oil in the future. Through the mutual cooperation between the cylinder 61, the piston rod 64, the square rod 66, the rectangular guide frame 67, the driven gear 68 and the boss 610, the pinion 13 rotates, driving the driven gear 68 to rotate, and the boss 610 rotates accordingly. Since the boss 610 always slides in the rectangular guide frame 67, the rectangular guide frame is driven in the process. 67 reciprocates along the left and right directions, thereby driving the piston rod 64 to reciprocate left and right. During the process, the lubricating oil in the lower casing 1 is sucked into the cylinder 61 through the oil outlet 53 and the suction elbow 62, and then squeezed back into the lower casing 1 through the extrusion tube 63, so that the lubricating oil circulates. During the circulation process, it is timely and automatically filtered by the semicircular filter plate 585, and the impurities in the lubricating oil are intercepted in the slag collecting cover 54. By regularly opening the sealing cover at the bottom of the slag collecting cover 54, the impurities in the slag collecting cover 54 can be cleaned out, thereby ensuring the subsequent stable operation of the reducer.

[0055] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for using a shifting gear reducer with a detachable gear. The method comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step 1. When it is necessary to adjust the output power, the external driving mechanism is used to move the shift gear mechanism 4 in the front-to-back direction, so that the shift gear mechanism 4 is engaged with the front gear 8 or the rear gear 9 to complete the switching operation of the required gear. During the process, the external driving mechanism is used to move the shift paddle 44 in the front-to-back direction, and the connecting sleeve 41, the front disengageable gear 42 and the rear disengageable gear 43 move accordingly, so that the front disengageable gear 42 is engaged with the front gear 8, or the rear disengageable gear 43 is engaged with the rear gear 9. The front disengageable gear 42 is smaller in size and has fewer teeth than the rear disengageable gear 43, so the switching operation of the required gear can be completed quickly. When the shift gear mechanism 4 moves to switch gears, the lubricating oil filter mechanism 5 is driven to work at the same time, so that the lubricating oil filter mechanism 5 The lubricating oil filtering mechanism 5 automatically adjusts different internal positions to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil in the lower casing 1, wherein the lubricating oil is used to lubricate the various gears in the lower casing 1 and the upper casing 2. During the process, as the connecting sleeve 41 moves a set distance, the rack 46 moves in the front-back direction, thereby driving the load-bearing gear 52 to rotate a set angle, and the filtering mechanism 58 rotates 180 degrees, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the positions of the two semicircular filter plates 585 up and down. During the process of the upper semicircular filter plate 585 rotating to the lower part, the top side wall of the semicircular baffle 57 promptly scrapes the side wall of the semicircular filter plate 585, and promptly scrapes off impurities adhering to the right side of the semicircular filter plate 585. At the same time, the lower semicircular filter plate 585 rotates to the upper part to filter the passing lubricating oil.

[0057] Step 2: Since the front end of the input shaft 3 is connected to the external new energy vehicle electric motor, under the drive of the new energy vehicle electric motor, the input shaft 3 and the shift gear mechanism 4 rotate rapidly, wherein the front gear 8 is larger in size and has more teeth than the rear gear 9, the connecting gear 10 is smaller in size and has fewer teeth than the front gear 8, and the large gear 12 is larger in size and has more teeth than the connecting gear 10. Since the front disengageable gear 42 is meshed with the front gear 8, or the rear disengageable gear 43 is meshed with the rear gear 9, wherein only one of the front disengageable gear 42 and the rear disengageable gear 43 is in a meshing transmission state at the same time, as the shift gear mechanism 4 rotates rapidly, the connecting shaft 7 and the connecting gear 10 rotate, thereby driving the large gear 12 and the output shaft 11 to rotate at a low speed to achieve the purpose of deceleration, and the output shaft 11 drives the universal joint 15 to rotate at a low speed. Under the action of the universal joint 15, the purpose of changing the transmission direction is finally achieved, and the rotational motion is reversed;

[0058] In step 3, during the rotation of the output shaft 11, the pinion 13 rotates accordingly. During the rotation of the pinion 13, the driven gear 68 is driven to rotate, and the boss 610 rotates accordingly. Since the boss 610 always slides in the rectangular guide frame 67, the rectangular guide frame 67 is driven to move back and forth in the left and right directions during the process, thereby driving the piston rod 64 to move back and forth left and right. During the process, the lubricating oil in the lower casing 1 is sucked into the cylinder 61 through the oil outlet 53 and the suction elbow 62, and then squeezed back into the lower casing 1 through the extrusion tube 63, so that the lubricating oil circulates. In the process of circulation, the semicircular filter plate 585 is filtered by the semicircular filter plate 585 in a timely and automatic manner, and the impurities in the lubricating oil are intercepted in the slag collecting cover 54. The sealing cover at the bottom of the slag collecting cover 54 is opened regularly to clean out the impurities in the slag collecting cover 54, thereby ensuring the subsequent stable operation of the reducer.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0060] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shift gear reducer with a detachable gear, comprising a lower housing and an upper housing mounted on top of the lower housing by bolts, characterized in that: Also includes: An input shaft is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the left inner cavity of the lower casing, the front end of the input shaft rotates and passes through the front wall of the lower casing, a connecting shaft is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the middle inner cavity of the lower casing, a front fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the connecting shaft is provided with a front gear, a rear fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the connecting shaft is provided with a rear gear, a middle fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the connecting shaft is provided with a connecting gear, an output shaft is rotatably arranged between the front and rear walls of the right inner cavity of the lower casing, an external fixed sleeve of the output shaft is provided with a large gear meshing with the connecting gear, a protective cover is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the lower casing, the rear end of the output shaft rotates and passes through the rear wall of the protective cover and is fixedly provided with a universal transmission shaft, and the rear fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the output shaft is provided with a small gear located in the protective cover; A shift gear mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the input shaft and is used to mesh with the front gear or the rear gear respectively to complete the shifting operation between different gears. The shift gear mechanism includes a connecting sleeve, a front detachable gear is fixedly sleeved on the front part of the outer wall of the connecting sleeve, a rear detachable gear is fixedly sleeved on the rear part of the outer wall of the connecting sleeve, a shift paddle is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve and located in front of the front detachable gear, a connecting frame is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the connecting sleeve and is located between the front detachable gear and the rear detachable gear, and a rack is fixedly installed on the rear end bottom of the connecting frame; The lubricating oil filter mechanism is arranged at the bottom left side of the lower housing and is used to filter impurities in the lubricating oil in the lower housing. The lubricating oil filter mechanism is adjusted to different positions inside the lubricating oil filter mechanism to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil by utilizing the power when the gear shift mechanism switches gears. The lubricating oil extraction mechanism is arranged at the rear end bottom of the lower casing and located inside the protective cover. It is used to use the power of the input shaft to complete the extraction and drainage of the lubricating oil inside the lower casing, so as to complete the circulation flow of the lubricating oil between the lower casing, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism and the lubricating oil extraction mechanism.

2. A shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: A convex strip is fixedly provided on the side wall of the input shaft, and the connecting sleeve is slidably sleeved between the input shaft and the outside of the convex strip. A through groove is opened on the upper left side of the lower housing, and the left end of the shift paddle slides through the through groove and extends to the outside of the lower housing. Two sealing plates are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the shift paddle, and the two sealing plates are respectively located on the left and right sides of the through groove and are tightly attached to the inner and outer walls of the lower housing.

3. The shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lubricating oil filtering mechanism includes a Huitong box, which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the left bottom of the lower casing. The rack slides through the front and rear walls of the Huitong box. A load-bearing gear is rotatably provided on the upper left part of the inner cavity of the Huitong box. The top of the load-bearing gear is engaged with the bottom of the rack. An oil outlet is provided at the left bottom of the Huitong box.

4. A shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slag collecting cover is fixedly provided on the left side of the Huitong box and on the left side of the oil outlet. The left side of the slag collecting cover is fixedly connected to a connecting cover. The left side of the connecting cover is fixedly connected to the Huitong cover. A semicircular baffle is fixedly provided on the bottom right side of the inner cavity of the connecting cover. A filtering mechanism is rotatably provided between the connecting cover and the interior of the Huitong box.

5. The shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism includes a horizontal axis, the right end of which is provided with a gear ring through a bracket fixing sleeve, the top of the gear ring is engaged with the bottom of the load-bearing gear, a placement ring is rotatably provided between the inner walls of the connecting cover, and a partition is fixedly provided between the front and rear walls of the inner cavity of the placement ring.

6. The shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two semicircular filter screens are fixedly passed through the interior of the placement ring. The two semicircular filter screens are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the partition. The left end of the horizontal axis rotates through the semicircular baffle and is fixedly connected between the partition and the right side of the semicircular filter screen.

7. The shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lubricating oil extraction mechanism includes a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the rear wall of the lower casing by two clamps and is located in the protective cover. The left end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a suction elbow, and the left end of the suction elbow is fixedly connected to the left end of the confluence cover. The front left side of the cylinder is fixedly connected to an extrusion pipe, and the extrusion pipe is fixedly connected to the lower casing. A liquid inlet valve is fixedly provided on the right part of the suction elbow, and a liquid outlet valve is fixedly provided on the rear part of the extrusion pipe.

8. The shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 7, characterized in that: A piston rod is slidably provided inside the cylinder, the right end of the piston rod slides through the right wall of the cylinder and is fixed with a square rod, a vertical plate is fixed between the rear wall of the lower shell and the inner wall of the protective cover, and the square rod slides through the vertical plate.

9. The shifting gear reducer with a disengageable gear according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rectangular guide frame is fixedly provided at the right end of the square rod, and a driven gear located directly below the pinion is provided on the rear wall of the lower housing through rotation of a short shaft. A support plate is fixedly provided at the rear end of the short shaft, and a convex column is fixedly provided on the side of the rear end of the support plate away from the short shaft. The convex column slides through the interior of the rectangular guide frame, and the top of the driven gear is engaged with the bottom of the pinion.

10. A method for using a shifting gear reducer with a detachable gear, characterized in that: Using the shifting gear reducer with disengageable gears according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: When the output power needs to be adjusted, the external driving mechanism is used to move the shift gear mechanism in the forward and backward directions so that the shift gear mechanism engages with the front gear or the rear gear to complete the shifting operation to the desired gear. When the shift gear mechanism switches gears, the lubricating oil filter mechanism is driven to work, so that the lubricating oil filter mechanism automatically adjusts to different internal positions to participate in the filtering operation of the lubricating oil in the lower casing; Step 2. Since the front end of the input shaft is connected to the external electric motor for new energy vehicles, the input shaft and the shifting gear mechanism rotate rapidly under the drive of the electric motor for new energy vehicles, wherein the gear outer diameter of the front gear is larger than the gear outer diameter of the rear gear, and the number of teeth of the front gear is more than the number of teeth of the rear gear, the gear outer diameter of the connecting gear is smaller than the gear outer diameter of the front gear, and the number of teeth of the connecting gear is less than the number of teeth of the front gear, the gear outer diameter of the large gear is larger than the gear outer diameter of the connecting gear, and the number of teeth of the large gear is more than the number of teeth of the connecting gear. Since the shifting gear mechanism is engaged with the front gear or the rear gear, as the shifting gear mechanism rotates rapidly, the connecting shaft and the connecting gear rotate, thereby driving the large gear and the output shaft to rotate at a low speed to achieve the purpose of deceleration, and the output shaft drives the universal transmission shaft to rotate at a low speed. Under the action of the universal transmission shaft, the purpose of changing the transmission direction is finally achieved; Step 3. During the rotation of the output shaft, the pinion rotates accordingly, thereby driving the lubricating oil pumping mechanism to work. The lubricating oil pumping mechanism repeatedly pumps and discharges the lubricating oil inside the lower casing, so that the lubricating oil circulates between the lower casing, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism and the lubricating oil pumping mechanism. During the process of the lubricating oil passing through the lubricating oil filtering mechanism, the lubricating oil filtering mechanism filters the impurities in the lubricating oil and intercepts the impurities.

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