Incineration device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of combustible solid waste heat treatment, and discloses an incineration device. The incineration device comprises a gasification incinerator, a cyclone dust collector and a deslagging device. The gasification incinerator comprises a feeding device, a fuel gas combustion chamber, a pyrolysis gasification chamber and an ash chamber; the feeding device is communicated with the pyrolysis gasification chamber, the fuel gas combustion chamber is located above the pyrolysis gasification chamber and communicated with the pyrolysis gasification chamber, the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is communicated with the ash chamber and connected with the slag discharging device, a gasified gas outlet is formed in the top of the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and a high-temperature flue gas outlet is formed in the side face of the fuel gas combustion chamber. The high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected with a gas inlet of the cyclone dust collector, a gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector is used for discharging flue gas, an ash outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the slag discharging device, and the slag discharging device is used for discharging residues after combustion and dust particles in the flue gas. According to the incineration device, efficient heat energy utilization and accurate airflow control are achieved through waste heat recovery and self-sustaining combustion, the combustion and gasification efficiency is improved, and the incineration device is an efficient and reliable waste treatment scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of combustible solid waste thermal treatment equipment, and in particular to an incineration device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the problem of solid waste disposal has become increasingly prominent. Incineration, as an important waste disposal method, can not only reduce the amount of garbage and make it harmless, but also realize resource utilization through heat recovery. Among them, gasification incineration technology has attracted much attention due to its good adaptability to wastes of different forms and compositions.

[0003] At present, in the existing technology, gasification incinerators usually adopt a fixed bed thick material layer pyrolysis gasification method, and solid waste materials undergo drying, pyrolysis, gasification and burnout processes in sequence. Although this technology has been widely used, it still has the following shortcomings in actual operation: low thermal efficiency: during the gasification process, the pyrolysis reaction takes a long time, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency and failure to fully utilize the heat generated by combustion; tar blockage problem: the tar generated during the pyrolysis process will be discharged with the gasification gas, and it is very easy to condense in the gas pipeline and burner, causing blockage, seriously affecting the stability and operation efficiency of the system; structural separation leads to high costs: the traditional gasification incinerator is designed separately from the pyrolysis gasification chamber, which not only increases the complexity of material and gas transmission, but also increases the operation and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: low tar treatment efficiency, the need to improve thermal efficiency and limited space.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an incineration device comprising: a gasification incinerator, a cyclone dust collector and a slag discharge device;

[0006] The gasification incinerator includes a feeding device, a gas combustion chamber, a pyrolysis gasification chamber and an ash chamber; the feeding device is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber, the gas combustion chamber is located above the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the two are interconnected, the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is connected to the ash chamber and is connected to the slag discharge device, the top of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is provided with a gasification gas outlet, the side of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, the high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected to the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector, the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is used to discharge the flue gas, the ash outlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is connected to the slag discharge device, the ash outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the slag discharge device, and the slag discharge device is used to discharge the residue after combustion and dust particles in the flue gas.

[0007] Furthermore, the incineration device also includes a blower, and the gasification incinerator also includes a pressure equalizing component, which is arranged on the periphery of the gas combustion chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The pressure equalizing component is connected to the gas combustion chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and the blower is connected to the pressure equalizing component.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressure equalizing chamber includes a first pressure equalizing chamber and a second pressure equalizing chamber. The first pressure equalizing chamber is arranged at the periphery of the gas combustion chamber and is connected to the gas combustion chamber. The second pressure equalizing chamber is arranged at the periphery of the pyrolysis gasification chamber and is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure equalizing component is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing holes, the plurality of pressure equalizing holes are circumferentially spaced apart, and the pressure equalizing component is connected with the gas combustion chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the plurality of pressure equalizing holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the gasification incinerator also includes a heat dissipation device, which is arranged around the outer peripheral wall of the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and the heat dissipation device is used to adjust the temperature in the pyrolysis gasification chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the incineration device also includes a flue gas pipe, one end of which is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector, and the other end of the flue gas pipe is used to discharge the flue gas, and a section of the flue gas pipe is arranged inside the heat dissipation device.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas combustion chamber, the pyrolysis gasification chamber, the dust collector and the flue gas pipe are provided with a plurality of valves, a plurality of thermometers and a plurality of pressure transmitters.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat dissipation device includes a heat storage material and a plurality of heat sinks, the plurality of heat sinks are arranged at intervals, and the heat storage material is filled between two adjacent heat sinks.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat storage material is a phase change heat storage material or a heat transfer oil, and the phase change heat storage material is KNO 3 -NaNO 2 -NaNO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 At least one of the heat transfer oils, the heat transfer oil being at least one of an alkyl diphenyl ether type heat transfer oil and a mineral type heat transfer oil.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer peripheral walls of the gas combustion chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber are provided with a fire-resistant wall insulation layer.

[0016] The present invention also provides an application method of the above-mentioned incineration device, which is implemented by the above-mentioned incineration device and includes:

[0017] The material is fed into the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the feeding device, and the material is dried, pyrolyzed and gasified to generate gasification gas;

[0018] The generated gasified gas is input into the gas combustion chamber through the gasified gas outlet and is fully mixed with the air provided by the pressure equalizing component;

[0019] The mixed gasification gas is burned in the gas combustion chamber to generate high-temperature flue gas;

[0020] The high-temperature flue gas is heat recovered by a heat dissipation device, so that the recovered heat is used to maintain a high-temperature environment of the pyrolysis gasification chamber or to preheat materials for a feeding device;

[0021] The carbon slag generated at the bottom enters the ash chamber through the slag discharge port, and the carbon slag residue in the ash chamber is discharged through the slag discharge device;

[0022] The high-temperature flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector through the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas is removed by the cyclone dust collector, and the high-temperature flue gas with the particulate matter removed is discharged after heat exchange through the heat dissipation device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the incineration device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) This device arranges the gas combustion chamber above the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The pyrolysis gasification and combustion processes are integrated by connecting the upper and lower parts, which greatly shortens the transmission path of the gasified gas and reduces energy loss. The gasified gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification chamber directly enters the gas combustion chamber, avoiding the problems of cooling and tar condensation in the pipeline, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the gasified gas and improving the combustion efficiency and thermal energy utilization rate. The residue and dust are effectively separated in the cyclone dust collector, and the materials in the gas combustion chamber are fully reacted to achieve complete combustion of the residual carbon, further improving the overall efficiency of pyrolysis and combustion.

[0025] (2) Cyclone separation is used to efficiently remove particulate matter from flue gas, reduce dust emissions, and ensure that flue gas emissions meet environmental standards. The slag discharge device centrally processes the residues after combustion and the separated dust, effectively reducing the impact of the residues on the incineration process and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the system.

[0026] (3) The gasified gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification chamber passes through the cyclone dust collector and directly enters the gas combustion chamber for combustion, thus avoiding the heat energy loss caused by the long-distance transportation of the gasified gas. The upper and lower layout design of the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the gas combustion chamber utilizes the principle of natural rise of heat flow, so that part of the heat required in the pyrolysis gasification process comes from the thermal radiation of the gas combustion chamber, thereby reducing the demand for external energy input and achieving self-sustaining combustion.

[0027] (4) The cyclone dust collector effectively separates dust and particulate matter from the flue gas, avoiding the wear and blockage of subsequent equipment by dust, thereby reducing maintenance workload and maintenance costs.

[0028] (5) The efficient integrated design of the gas combustion chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber significantly reduces the tar content in the gasification gas, avoids the pollution of tar to the pipeline and burner, and ensures the clean operation of the system. The efficient separation of the cyclone dust collector makes the dust content of the discharged flue gas meet the environmental protection standards. At the same time, the ash is centrally processed to reduce the risk of secondary pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure, 1. Gasification incinerator;

[0031] 11. Feeding device; 12. Gas combustion chamber; 13. Pyrolysis gasification chamber; 14. Ash chamber; 15. Pressure equalizing assembly; 151. First pressure equalizing chamber; 152. Second pressure equalizing chamber; 16. Heat dissipation device; 17. Refractory wall insulation layer;

[0032] 2. Cyclone dust collector; 3. Slag discharge device; 4. Blower; 5. Flue gas pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, an incineration device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises: a gasification incinerator 1, a cyclone dust collector 2 and a slag discharge device 3;

[0037] The gasification incinerator 1 includes a feeding device 11, a gas combustion chamber 12, a pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 and an ash chamber 14; the feeding device 11 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, the gas combustion chamber 12 is located above the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 and the two are connected to each other, the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 is connected to the ash chamber 14 and is connected to the slag discharge device 3, the top of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 is provided with a gasification gas outlet, the side of the gas combustion chamber 12 is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, the high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected to the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector 2, the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector 2 is used to discharge the flue gas, the ash outlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 is connected to the slag discharge device 3, the ash outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the slag discharge device 3, and the slag discharge device 3 is used to discharge the residue after combustion and the dust particles in the flue gas.

[0038] Based on the above scheme, the device arranges the gas combustion chamber 12 above the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, and the pyrolysis gasification and combustion processes are integrated by connecting up and down, which greatly shortens the transmission path of the gasified gas and reduces energy loss. The gasified gas generated by the gas combustion chamber 12 directly enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, avoiding the cooling and tar condensation problems in the pipeline, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the gasified gas and improving the combustion efficiency and thermal energy utilization rate. The residue and dust are effectively separated in the cyclone dust collector 2, and the materials in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 are fully reacted to achieve complete combustion of the residual carbon, further improving the overall efficiency of pyrolysis and combustion. Through cyclone separation, efficient removal of particulate matter in the flue gas is achieved, dust emissions are reduced, and flue gas emissions are ensured to meet environmental protection standards. The slag discharge device 3 centrally processes the residue after combustion and the separated dust, effectively reducing the impact of the residue on the incineration process and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the system. The gasified gas generated in the gas combustion chamber 12 passes through the cyclone dust collector 2 and directly enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 for combustion, thus avoiding the heat energy loss caused by the long-distance transportation of the gasified gas. The upper and lower arrangement design of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 and the gas combustion chamber 12 utilizes the principle of natural rise of heat flow, so that part of the heat required in the pyrolysis gasification process comes from the thermal radiation of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, thereby reducing the demand for external energy input and achieving self-sustaining combustion. The cyclone dust collector 2 effectively separates the dust and particulate matter in the flue gas, avoiding the wear and blockage of the subsequent equipment by the dust, thereby reducing the maintenance workload and maintenance costs. The efficient integrated design of the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 significantly reduces the tar content in the gasified gas, avoids the pollution of the pipeline and the burner by tar, and ensures the clean operation of the system. The efficient separation of the cyclone dust collector 2 makes the dust content of the discharged flue gas meet the environmental protection standards, and the ash is centrally processed to reduce the risk of secondary pollution.

[0039] Preferably, the incineration device also includes a blower 4, and the gasification incinerator 1 also includes a pressure equalizing component 15, which is arranged on the periphery of the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, and the pressure equalizing component 15 is connected to the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, and the blower 4 is connected to the pressure equalizing component 15.

[0040] Based on the above scheme, the pressure equalizing component 15 is arranged on the periphery of the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13. By connecting with the blower 4, the airflow can be evenly distributed to ensure that the air pressure and flow entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 and the gas combustion chamber 12 are stable. Through the uniform and stable air supply, the reaction conditions in the pyrolysis gasification and combustion process are more stable, and the oxygen distribution is more uniform, which effectively avoids the problem of incomplete combustion or reduced gasification efficiency caused by airflow fluctuations. The blower 4 cooperates with the pressure equalizing component 15 to provide sufficient oxygen through stable airflow, promote the complete combustion of the gasified gas in the gas combustion chamber 12, and maximize the heat generated by combustion. The blower 4 can ensure that the temperature in the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 operates within the ideal range by adjusting the airflow pressure and flow. In this preferred embodiment, the preferred temperature of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 is 300°C to 600°C, and the preferred temperature of the gas combustion chamber 12 is greater than or equal to 850°C, thereby optimizing the chemical reaction conditions in the gasification and combustion process.

[0041] Preferably, the pressure equalizing assembly 15 includes a first pressure equalizing chamber 151 and a second pressure equalizing chamber 152. The first pressure equalizing chamber 151 is arranged on the periphery of the gas combustion chamber 12, and the first pressure equalizing chamber 151 is connected to the gas combustion chamber 12. The second pressure equalizing chamber 152 is arranged on the periphery of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, and the second pressure equalizing chamber 152 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13.

[0042] Based on the above scheme, the first equalizing chamber 151 and the second equalizing chamber 152 can adjust the gas flow and pressure respectively according to different material characteristics and reaction requirements to meet various waste treatment needs. The flexible adjustment capability improves the operational adaptability of the incineration device and ensures efficient treatment performance under various operating conditions.

[0043] Preferably, the pressure equalizing component 15 is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing holes, the plurality of pressure equalizing holes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the pressure equalizing component 15 is connected to the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 through the plurality of pressure equalizing holes. The pressure equalizing component 15 is connected to the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 through the plurality of pressure equalizing holes to ensure uniform distribution of airflow, avoid excessively fast or too slow local airflow, and ensure uniform mixing of gases during combustion and gasification.

[0044] Preferably, the gasification incinerator 1 further comprises a heat dissipation device 16 , which is disposed around the outer peripheral wall of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 , and is used to adjust the temperature in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 .

[0045] Based on the above scheme, when the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 is running in a high temperature environment, the heat dissipation device 16 can dissipate excess heat in time to prevent equipment damage or material aging caused by local overheating, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs. The heat dissipation device 16 is arranged around the periphery of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, which can achieve uniform distribution of the temperature inside the combustion chamber and avoid local high and low temperature problems caused by uneven temperature.

[0046] Preferably, the incineration device further comprises a flue gas pipe 5 , one end of which is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector 2 , and the other end of the flue gas pipe 5 is used to discharge the flue gas, and a section of the flue gas pipe 5 is arranged inside the heat dissipation device 16 .

[0047] Based on the above scheme, a section of the flue gas pipe 5 is arranged inside the heat dissipation device 16, and the waste heat of the flue gas is effectively recovered through the heat exchange between the high-temperature flue gas and the heat dissipation device 16. The recovered waste heat can be used to maintain the high-temperature environment of the gas combustion chamber 12, thereby improving the overall energy utilization rate of the system and achieving energy saving and consumption reduction. The high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas pipe 5 is cooled by the heat dissipation device 16, which reduces the temperature of the flue gas and reduces the burden of subsequent flue gas emission treatment. The temperature of the cooled flue gas is more in line with the operating requirements of environmentally friendly emissions, thereby improving the environmental performance of the incineration device and ensuring that the flue gas emissions meet the standards.

[0048] Preferably, the gas combustion chamber 12 , the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 , the dust collector and the flue gas pipe 5 are provided with a plurality of valves, a plurality of thermometers and a plurality of pressure transmitters.

[0049] Based on the above scheme, multiple thermometers and pressure transmitters are arranged on the gas combustion chamber 12, the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, the dust collector and the flue gas pipe 5, so that the temperature and pressure changes of each key part can be monitored in real time. Accurate temperature and pressure monitoring enables the device to maintain the optimal operating state of the pyrolysis and combustion process, and optimize the gasification efficiency, combustion efficiency and dust removal effect. The setting of multiple valves facilitates real-time adjustment of the flow and distribution of airflow, fuel gas and flue gas, and ensures the stability of the incineration device under different operating conditions. The real-time data provided by the thermometer and pressure transmitter can be used for safety monitoring to prevent safety hazards caused by abnormal temperature or pressure in the incineration device.

[0050] Preferably, the heat dissipation device 16 includes a heat storage material and a plurality of heat sinks, the plurality of heat sinks are arranged at intervals, and the heat storage material is filled between two adjacent heat sinks.

[0051] Based on the above scheme, multiple heat sinks are arranged at intervals, which increases the surface area of ​​the heat sink 16 and greatly improves the heat conduction and dissipation efficiency. The heat storage material is filled between adjacent heat sinks to make full use of the heat conduction effect, further improve the heat dissipation efficiency, effectively control the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, and avoid overheating.

[0052] Preferably, the heat storage material is a phase change heat storage material or a heat transfer oil, and the phase change heat storage material is KNO 3 -NaNO 2 -NaNO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 At least one of the heat transfer oils, the heat transfer oil being at least one of an alkyl diphenyl ether type heat transfer oil and a mineral type heat transfer oil.

[0053] Based on the above scheme, the optimal temperature of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 can be effectively maintained, the occurrence of incomplete combustion can be reduced, and the emission of unburned organic matter and CO can be reduced. The reuse of waste heat also reduces the dependence on external energy, reduces carbon emissions, and achieves a more environmentally friendly operation mode.

[0054] Preferably, the outer peripheral walls of the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 are provided with a fire-resistant wall insulation layer 17 so that the outer wall temperature of the fire-resistant wall insulation layer 17 does not exceed 50°C.

[0055] Based on the above scheme, the outer wall of the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 is provided with a fire-resistant wall insulation layer 17, which effectively reduces the heat loss through the outer wall, makes the heat energy more concentrated for the pyrolysis and combustion process, and improves the overall thermal efficiency of the device. The fire-resistant wall insulation layer 17 controls the outer wall temperature below 50°C, avoids the risk of direct scalding of the operator by the high-temperature outer wall, and improves the safety of equipment operation. Reduce the heat radiation to the surrounding environment when the incineration device is in operation, and improve the working environment comfort in the operation and maintenance area.

[0056] Based on all the above schemes, the working process of the present invention is as follows: the material is fed into the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 through the feeding device 11. In the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, the material undergoes drying, pyrolysis and gasification processes to generate gasified gas. The generated gasified gas directly enters the gas combustion chamber 12 through the gasification gas outlet and is fully mixed with the air provided by the pressure equalization component 15. In the gas combustion chamber 12, the gasified gas burns efficiently to generate high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion passes through the heat dissipation device 16, and the heat is recovered by the heat storage material. The waste heat can be used to maintain the high-temperature environment of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, or to preheat the material for the feeding device 11, thereby further improving the thermal efficiency of the incineration device. The carbon slag at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 enters the ash chamber 14 through the slag discharge port, and the residue in the ash chamber 14 is discharged through the slag discharge device 3. The high-temperature flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector 2 through the high-temperature flue gas outlet. The cyclone dust collector 2 removes particulate matter in the flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas pipe 5 will further exchange heat with the heat dissipation device 16 to reduce the flue gas temperature and ensure that the emission meets environmental protection standards.

[0057] In summary, an embodiment of the present invention provides an incineration device, which utilizes a heat dissipation device 16 and a heat storage material to efficiently recover waste heat from flue gas, and reuses the heat energy in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 to maximize energy utilization. By precisely regulating the airflow, the pressure equalizing component 15, the gas combustion chamber 12, and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, sufficient combustion is ensured and energy waste is reduced. The compact integrated design of the gasification incinerator 1 effectively reduces heat transfer losses and improves equipment stability. Through the efficient linkage between the gas combustion chamber 12 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, the complete combustion of the gasified gas is utilized to provide a stable heat source, reducing external energy demand. The cyclone dust collector 2 efficiently separates particulate matter in the flue gas, and cooperates with waste heat cooling and efficient combustion processes to ensure that flue gas emissions meet environmental protection standards. Reduce the tar content in the gasified gas, avoid pipeline blockage and secondary pollution, and improve the environmental protection effect of the overall treatment.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An incineration device, characterized in that: include: A gasification incinerator (1), a cyclone dust collector (2) and a slag discharge device (3); The gasification incinerator (1) comprises a feeding device (11), a gas combustion chamber (12), a pyrolysis gasification chamber (13) and an ash chamber (14); the feeding device (11) is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13); the gas combustion chamber (12) is located above the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13) and the two are connected to each other; the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13) is connected to the ash chamber (14) and is connected to a slag discharge device (3); the top of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13) is provided with a gasification gas outlet; the side of the gas combustion chamber (12) is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet; the high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected to the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector (2); the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector (2) is used to discharge flue gas; the ash outlet of the cyclone dust collector (2) is connected to the slag discharge device (3); the slag discharge device (3) is used to discharge the residue after combustion and the dust particles in the flue gas.

2. The incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification incinerator (1) further comprises a blower (4), and the pressure equalizing component (15) is arranged on the periphery of the gas combustion chamber (12) and the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13), the pressure equalizing component (15) is connected to the gas combustion chamber (12) and the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13), the blower (4) is connected to the pressure equalizing component (15), and the blower (4) is used to transport air to the pressure equalizing component (15).

3. The incineration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure equalizing assembly (15) comprises a first pressure equalizing chamber (151) and a second pressure equalizing chamber (152); the first pressure equalizing chamber (151) is arranged at the periphery of the gas combustion chamber (12), and the first pressure equalizing chamber (151) is communicated with the gas combustion chamber (12); the second pressure equalizing chamber (152) is arranged at the periphery of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13), and the second pressure equalizing chamber (152) is communicated with the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13).

4. The incineration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure equalizing component (15) is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing holes, the plurality of pressure equalizing holes are arranged at circumferential intervals, and the pressure equalizing component (15) is connected to the gas combustion chamber (12) and the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13) via the plurality of pressure equalizing holes.

5. The incineration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gasification incinerator (1) further comprises a heat dissipation device (16), wherein the heat dissipation device (16) is arranged around the outer peripheral wall of the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13), and the heat dissipation device (16) is used to adjust the temperature in the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13).

6. The incineration device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a flue gas pipe (5), one end of which is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector (2), and the other end of which is used to discharge the flue gas, and a section of the flue gas pipe (5) is arranged inside the heat dissipation device (16).

7. The incineration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas combustion chamber (12), the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13), the cyclone dust collector (2) and the flue gas pipe (5) are provided with a plurality of valves, a plurality of thermometers and a plurality of pressure transmitters.

8. The incineration device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device (16) comprises a heat storage material and a plurality of heat dissipation fins, the plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged at intervals, and the heat storage material is filled between two adjacent heat dissipation fins.

9. The incineration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat storage material is a phase change heat storage material or a heat transfer oil. The phase change heat storage material is at least one of KNO3-NaNO2-NaNO3 and Li2CO3-K2CO3-Na2CO3. The heat transfer oil is at least one of an alkyl diphenyl ether type heat transfer oil and a mineral type heat transfer oil.

10. The incineration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer peripheral walls of the gas combustion chamber (12) and the pyrolysis gasification chamber (13) are provided with a fire-resistant wall insulation layer (17).

Images