Full-automatic roasting tunnel kiln and roasting method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel kilns, and particularly relates to a full-automatic roasting tunnel kiln and a roasting method.The tunnel kiln comprises a kiln body, a track for a kiln car to walk is laid in the kiln body, an equipment groove is formed in the bottom of the kiln body, a driving device for the kiln car to advance is installed in the equipment groove, and the kiln car is connected end to end and passes through the kiln body along the track; the bottom of the kiln car is provided with a downwards-protruding droop edge in the advancing direction, the driving device is symmetrically provided with push-pull rods, swing arms and driving telescopic cylinders on the two sides of the droop edge, and the push-pull rods are in intermittent transmission fit with the kiln car through the swing arms. According to the tunnel kiln and the roasting method of the tunnel kiln, the mode that the drooping edge is additionally arranged at the bottom of the kiln car and the driving device clamps the drooping edge is adopted for driving the kiln car, the cost of arranging the driving device on the kiln car is reduced, the difficulty of equipment maintenance is lowered, the weight of a kiln car body is reduced, and the cargo carrying capacity of the kiln car is improved; and the production efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel kilns, and in particular relates to a full-automatic baking tunnel kiln and a baking method. Background Art

[0002] The carbon block electrodes used in electrolytic aluminum plants need to be baked at high temperature after being pressed into shape. The current practice is to use an underground baking furnace to bury the carbon block electrodes in the furnace for baking. This method occupies a large area, has a long production cycle, and has low turnover efficiency.

[0003] The tunnel kiln is a continuous firing equipment. A small amount of carbon block electrodes can be fired using the tunnel kiln. However, the carbon block electrodes are large in size and have a solid structure with a large weight. When the carbon block electrode workpieces to be fired are stacked on the kiln car, the operation of the tunnel kiln car will be difficult. Therefore, the only way is to reduce the number of workpieces stacked on a single kiln car, which reduces the production efficiency of the tunnel kiln. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a fully automatic baking tunnel kiln and a baking method, which can effectively improve the carrying capacity of the kiln car in the tunnel kiln, and cooperate with the temperature control during baking to improve the working efficiency of the tunnel kiln when used for baking carbon block electrodes.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln comprises a kiln body of the tunnel kiln, wherein a track for a kiln car to travel is laid in the kiln body, an equipment slot is arranged at the bottom of the kiln body, a driving device for the kiln car to move forward is installed in the equipment slot, the kiln cars are connected end to end and pass through the kiln body along the track, a downwardly protruding drooping edge is arranged at the bottom of the kiln car along the advancing direction, the driving device is symmetrically provided with push-pull rods, swing arms and driving telescopic cylinders on both sides of the drooping edge, the push-pull rods have the freedom to reciprocate along the length direction of the drooping edge with the help of the driving telescopic cylinder, the swing arms form a clamping and loosening fit with the drooping edge with the help of the reciprocating motion of the push-pull rods, and the push-pull rods form an intermittent transmission fit with the kiln car with the help of the swing arms.

[0007] A drag seat is also provided in the equipment slot below the drooping edge. The drag seat forms a sliding and translational fit with the equipment slot by means of a slide rail provided at the bottom. One end of the swing arm is hinged to the push-pull rod, the middle part of the swing arm is hinged to the drag seat, and the other end of the swing arm abuts against the side of the drooping edge. The swing arms symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drooping edge form a clamping fit with the drooping edge.

[0008] A filling block is provided on the side of the swing arm that contacts the drooping edge, and the filling block includes a hinged portion and a filling portion. The filling portion is a wedge-shaped structure that is wide at one end and narrow at the other end. The hinged portion is cantilevered on both sides of the filling portion and is hinged to the end of the swing arm. The end arc surface of the swing arm contacts the inner surface of the filling portion and both are arc-shaped structures, and the centers of the two arc-shaped structures are located on the hinge axis between the hinged portion and the end of the swing arm. The outer surface of the filling block is also an arc-shaped structure.

[0009] The swing arm is arranged tilted, and the tilting direction of the swing arm is along the forward direction of the tilted downward edge of the push-pull rod.

[0010] The hinge shaft between the swing arm and the stuffing block is provided with a coil spring, and the stuffing part of the stuffing block has the freedom to swing toward the gap between the swing arm and the hanging edge by means of the coil spring.

[0011] The push-pull rod is arranged in the equipment groove with the help of a pull rod support, and the swing arm is hinged with the push-pull rod at one end and is arranged with an oblong hole. A pin is arranged on the push-pull rod and passes through the oblong hole. With the help of the cooperation between the oblong hole and the pin, the swing arm has the freedom to swing relative to the push-pull rod.

[0012] The equipment slots are arranged in groups at intervals at the bottom of the kiln body.

[0013] The present invention also includes a roasting method for a tunnel kiln, including the following temperature control method, wherein the kiln body is divided into preheating ab sections from the entrance to the exit, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 150°C, the temperature of the preheating bc section is 150°C-750°C, the temperature of the preheating cd section is 750°C-850°C, the temperature of the preheating de section is 850°C-1100°C, the temperature of the preheating ef section is 1100°C-1250°C, the temperature of the firing fg section is 1250°C for insulation, the temperature of the slow cooling gh section is 1250°C-1200°C, the temperature of the cooling wind hi section is 1200°C-900°C, the temperature of the re-cooling ij section is 900°C-220°C, and the kiln is discharged from the exit.

[0014] The total length of the tunnel kiln is 106 units, the preheating ab section coordinate segment is 3-7, the preheating bc section coordinate segment is 7-23, the preheating cd section coordinate segment is 23-25, the preheating de section coordinate segment is 25-31, the preheating ef section coordinate segment is 31-37, the firing fg section coordinate segment is 37-61, the slow cooling gh section coordinate segment is 61-63, the cooling wind hi section coordinate segment is 63-69, and the re-cooling ij section coordinate segment is 69-106. The kiln car moves from the entrance to the exit for 90 hours.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention drives the kiln car by adding a drooping edge to the bottom of the kiln car and clamping the drooping edge through a driving device, thereby reducing the cost of arranging the driving device on the kiln car, reducing the difficulty of equipment maintenance, and helping to reduce the weight of the kiln car body, improving the kiln car's cargo capacity, and helping to improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the side view direction;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the equipment slot in the top view;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the driving device in action;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of temperature control during tunnel kiln firing;

[0022] In the attached drawings, 1, kiln body, 2, kiln car, 3, track, 4, equipment slot, 5, sagging edge, 6, push-pull rod, 7, swing arm, 8, driving telescopic cylinder, 9, drag seat, 10, slide rail, 11, filling block, 1101, hinged part, 1102, filling part, 1103, hinged shaft, 12, oblong hole, 13, pin shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] Specific implementation examples Figure 1 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses a fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln, comprising a kiln body 1 of the tunnel kiln, wherein a track 3 for a kiln car 2 to travel is laid in the kiln body 1, an equipment slot 4 is arranged at the bottom of the kiln body 1, a driving device for the kiln car 2 to move forward is installed in the equipment slot 4, the kiln car 2 is connected end to end and passes through the kiln body 1 along the track 3, the bottom of the kiln car 2 is provided with a downwardly protruding drooping edge 5 along the advancing direction, the driving device is symmetrically provided with push-pull rods 6, swing arms 7 and driving telescopic cylinders 8 on both sides of the drooping edge 5, the push-pull rod 6 has the freedom to reciprocate along the length direction of the drooping edge 5 by means of the driving telescopic cylinder 8, the swing arm 7 forms a clamping and loosening fit with the drooping edge 5 by means of the reciprocating motion of the push-pull rod 6, and the push-pull rod 6 forms an intermittent transmission fit with the kiln car 2 by means of the swing arm 7.

[0025] When the present invention is in use, the workpiece to be fired is placed on the empty kiln car 2 with the help of an overhead crane, and then the kiln car 2 is pushed into the furnace body with the help of a pushing cylinder located at the entrance of the kiln body 1. The kiln cars 2 already in the furnace body are driven by a driving device to move forward one parking space in sequence, and after waiting for a production cycle, the next kiln car 2 is sent in. When the carbon block electrode used in the electrolytic aluminum plant is fired, it takes 90 hours from the time when the kiln car 2 enters the kiln body 1 to the time when the kiln car 2 is pushed out of the kiln body 1.

[0026] Further, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a drag seat 9 is also provided in the equipment slot 4 below the drooping edge 5, and the drag seat 9 forms a sliding and translational fit with the equipment slot 4 by means of a slide rail 10 provided at the bottom, one end of the swing arm 7 is hinged to the push-pull rod 6, the middle part of the swing arm 7 is hinged to the drag seat 9, and the other end of the swing arm 7 abuts against the side of the drooping edge 5, and the swing arms 7 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drooping edge 5 form a clamping fit with the drooping edge 5.

[0027] By driving the extension of the telescopic cylinder 8, Figure 4 As shown in a1, by means of the leftward movement of the push-pull rod 6, the swing arm 7 swings clockwise, and at the same time, the swing arm 7 pulls the drag seat 9, so that the drag seat 9 is dragged to the left side of the figure on the slide rail 10. At this time, the overhanging end of the swing arm 7 is separated from the hanging edge 5; when the telescopic cylinder 8 is driven to retract, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in b1, with the help of the rightward movement of the push-pull rod 6, due to the existence of the friction resistance between the drag seat 9 and the slide rail 10, the swing arm 7 swings counterclockwise, and the overhanging end of the swing arm 7 contacts the drooping edge 5 to form a clamping fit. The angle between the side of the swing arm 7 and the drooping edge 5 satisfies the self-locking angle of contact between the two, so that the push-pull rod 6 can clamp the drooping edge 5 and drive the kiln car 2 to step forward one parking space length when it continues to move right with the driving telescopic cylinder 8.

[0028] Furthermore, a filling block 11 is provided on the side of the swing arm 7 that contacts the drooping edge 5, and the filling block 11 includes a hinged portion 1101 and a filling portion 1102, and the filling portion 1102 is a wedge-shaped structure that is wide at one end and narrow at the other end, and the hinged portion 1101 is cantilevered on both sides of the filling portion 1102 and is hinged to the end of the swing arm 7, and the end arc surface of the swing arm 7 is in contact with the inner surface of the filling portion 1102 and both are in a circular arc structure, and the center of the two circular arc structures is located on the hinge shaft 1103 between the hinged portion 1101 and the end of the swing arm 7, and the outer surface of the filling block 11 is also in a circular arc structure.

[0029] The swing arm 7 is tilted, and the tilting direction of the swing arm 7 is tilted along the push-pull rod 6 toward the advancing direction of the drooping edge 5 .

[0030] The hinge shaft 1103 between the swing arm 7 and the stuffing block 11 is provided with a coil spring, and the stuffing portion 1102 of the stuffing block 11 has the freedom to swing toward the gap between the swing arm 7 and the drooping edge 5 by means of the coil spring.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown in a2, when the telescopic cylinder 8 is extended, that is, the swing arm 7 is in the relaxation stage, the filling portion 1102 is pressed against the front side of the swing arm 7 by means of the coil spring. When the telescopic cylinder 8 is retracted, that is, the clamping stage of the swing arm 7, the swing arm 7 swings counterclockwise, so that the cantilevered end of the swing arm 7 leans against the side wall of the drooping edge 5, and the outer side surface of the filling portion 1102 contacts the side wall of the drooping edge 5. The outer side surface of the filling portion 1102 is provided with a concave friction pattern to increase the friction force between the drooping edge 5 and the filling portion 1102. After the filling portion 1102 contacts the drooping edge 5, due to the continued counterclockwise swinging trend of the swing arm 7, the cantilevered end of the swing arm 7 begins to move toward the filling portion 110 2 moves from the raised part of the wedge surface, so that the clamping force increases rapidly, and the end length of the swing arm 7 is extended by means of the wedge-shaped filling portion 1102, and no clamping occurs when the filling portion 1102 contacts the drooping edge 5, and other swing arms 7 still have room to move, so that even after the end surface of the drooping edge 5 is uneven due to long-term work, it can still be clamped by as many swing arms 7 as possible at the same time to avoid slipping. Even if only a few swing arms 7 apply force under extreme conditions and a certain degree of slipping occurs, the displacement caused by the slipping also allows the filling portion 1102 to enter the gap between the swing arm 7 and the drooping edge 5, so that the swing arm 7 that is not clamped at the first time enters the clamping working state, thereby avoiding the subsequent slipping.

[0032] Furthermore, the push-pull rod 6 is arranged in the equipment slot 4 by means of a pull rod support, and one end of the swing arm 7 hinged with the push-pull rod 6 is provided with an oblong hole 12, and a pin 13 is provided on the push-pull rod 6 to pass through the oblong hole 12. By means of the cooperation between the oblong hole 12 and the pin 13, the swing arm 7 has the freedom to swing relative to the push-pull rod 6. By means of the oblong hole 12, the displacement of the pin 13 when the swing arm 7 swings is avoided to avoid interference and jamming.

[0033] The equipment slots 4 are arranged in groups at intervals at the bottom of the kiln body 1 .

[0034] The present invention also includes a roasting method for a tunnel kiln, including the following temperature control method, wherein the kiln body 1 is divided into a preheating ab section from the entrance to the exit, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 150°C, the temperature of the preheating bc section is 150°C-750°C, the temperature of the preheating cd section is 750°C-850°C, the temperature of the preheating de section is 850°C-1100°C, the temperature of the preheating ef section is 1100°C-1250°C, the temperature of the firing fg section is 1250°C for insulation, the temperature of the slow cooling gh section is 1250°C-1200°C, the temperature of the cooling wind hi section is 1200°C-900°C, the temperature of the re-cooling ij section is 900°C-220°C, and the kiln is discharged from the exit.

[0035] The total length of the tunnel kiln is 106 units, the coordinates of the preheating ab section are 3-7, the coordinates of the preheating bc section are 7-23, the coordinates of the preheating cd section are 23-25, the coordinates of the preheating de section are 25-31, the coordinates of the preheating ef section are 31-37, the coordinates of the firing fg section are 37-61, the coordinates of the slow cooling gh section are 61-63, the coordinates of the cooling wind hi section are 63-69, and the coordinates of the re-cooling ij section are 69-106. The kiln car 2 moves from the entrance to the exit for 90 hours. One unit represents 1-3 meters.

Claims

1. A fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln, comprising a kiln body (1) of the tunnel kiln, wherein a track (3) for a kiln car (2) to travel is laid in the kiln body (1), an equipment slot (4) is arranged at the bottom of the kiln body (1), a driving device for the kiln car (2) to move forward is installed in the equipment slot (4), the kiln cars (2) are connected end to end and pass through the kiln body (1) along the track (3), characterized in that: The bottom of the kiln car (2) is provided with a downwardly protruding drooping edge (5) along the forward direction. The driving device is symmetrically provided with push-pull rods (6), swing arms (7) and driving telescopic cylinders (8) on both sides of the drooping edge (5). The push-pull rods (6) have the freedom to move back and forth along the length direction of the drooping edge (5) with the help of the driving telescopic cylinder (8). The swing arms (7) form a clamping and loosening fit with the drooping edge (5) with the help of the reciprocating motion of the push-pull rods (6). The push-pull rods (6) form an intermittent transmission fit with the kiln car (2) with the help of the swing arms (7).

2. A fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drag seat (9) is also arranged in the equipment slot (4) below the drooping edge (5). The drag seat (9) forms a sliding and translational fit with the equipment slot (4) by means of a slide rail (10) arranged at the bottom. One end of the swing arm (7) is hinged to the push-pull rod (6), the middle part of the swing arm (7) is hinged to the drag seat (9), the other end of the swing arm (7) is in contact with the side surface of the drooping edge (5), and the swing arms (7) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drooping edge (5) form a clamping fit with the drooping edge (5).

3. The fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stuffing block (11) is provided on the side of the swing arm (7) in contact with the drooping edge (5), and the stuffing block (11) comprises a hinged portion (1101) and a stuffing portion (1102), wherein the stuffing portion (1102) is a wedge-shaped structure with one end being wide and the other end being narrow, and the hinged portion (1101) is cantilevered on both sides of the stuffing portion (1102) and is hinged to the end of the swing arm (7), and the arc surface of the end of the swing arm (7) is in contact with the inner surface of the stuffing portion (1102) and both are in an arc-shaped structure, and the centers of the two arc-shaped structures are located on the hinge axis (1103) between the hinged portion (1101) and the end of the swing arm (7), and the outer surface of the stuffing block (11) is also in an arc-shaped structure.

4. A fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing arm (7) is arranged tilted, and the tilting direction of the swing arm (7) is tilted downward along the push-pull rod (6) toward the forward direction of the vertical axis (5).

5. The fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hinge shaft (1103) between the swing arm (7) and the stuffing block (11) is provided with a coil spring, and the stuffing portion (1102) of the stuffing block (11) has the freedom to swing toward the gap between the swing arm (7) and the drooping edge (5) by means of the coil spring.

6. The fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that: The push-pull rod (6) is arranged in the equipment slot (4) by means of a pull rod support, and one end of the swing arm (7) hinged with the push-pull rod (6) is arranged as an oblong hole (12), and a pin shaft (13) is arranged on the push-pull rod (6) to pass through the oblong hole (12). By means of the cooperation between the oblong hole (12) and the pin shaft (13), the swing arm (7) has the freedom to swing relative to the push-pull rod (6).

7. The fully automatic roasting tunnel kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment troughs (4) are arranged in multiple groups at intervals at the bottom of the kiln body (1).

8. A roasting method based on the tunnel kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control method comprises the following steps: the kiln body (1) is divided into a preheating ab section from the entrance to the exit, the temperature of which is raised from room temperature to 150°C; the temperature of which is 150°C-750°C in the preheating bc section; the temperature of which is 750°C-850°C in the preheating cd section; the temperature of which is 850°C-1100°C in the preheating de section; the temperature of which is 1100°C-1250°C in the preheating ef section; the temperature of which is 1250°C for heat preservation in the firing fg section; the temperature of which is 1250°C-1200°C in the slow cooling gh section; the temperature of which is 1200°C-900°C in the cooling wind hi section; the temperature of which is 900°C-220°C in the re-cooling ij section; and the kiln is discharged from the exit.

9. The roasting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The total length of the tunnel kiln is 106 units, the coordinate segments of the preheating ab segment are 3-7, the coordinate segments of the preheating bc segment are 7-23, the coordinate segments of the preheating cd segment are 23-25, the coordinate segments of the preheating de segment are 25-31, the coordinate segments of the preheating ef segment are 31-37, the coordinate segments of the firing fg segment are 37-61, the coordinate segments of the slow cooling gh segment are 61-63, the coordinate segments of the cooling wind hi segment are 63-69, and the coordinate segments of the re-cooling ij segment are 69-106. The kiln car (2) takes 90 hours to move from the entrance to the exit.

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