Multi-stage heat exchange type side air intake cross flow cooling tower and multi-stage heat exchange method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower and its multi-stage heat exchange method, belonging to the field of cooling tower technology. It includes a main cooling tower body, a main fan, a water distribution mechanism, packing material, an internal circulation auxiliary tower, a water collection tank, an internal circulation cooling module, and an auxiliary fan. One side of the main cooling tower body has an air inlet, and the other side of the main cooling tower body is connected to the side wall of the internal circulation auxiliary tower. The main fan, water distribution mechanism, and packing material are arranged from top to bottom within the main cooling tower body. The main cooling tower body is located below the packing material. The system includes a conical liquid collecting hopper, the upper end of which is sealed to the inner wall of the main cooling tower. The lower end of the hopper is equipped with a gas-liquid mixed-flow heat exchange pipe containing a spiral channel for gas-liquid mixed-flow heat exchange. The main cooling tower and the internal circulation auxiliary tower are located at the top of the water collection tank and are sealed to it. An auxiliary fan is located at the exhaust port of the internal circulation auxiliary tower. The internal circulation cooling module is located inside the auxiliary tower to circulate and cool the cooling water in the water collection tank within the auxiliary tower. This invention employs a multi-stage gas-liquid heat exchange cooling method, significantly improving cooling efficiency. In particular, the combination of multi-stage gas-liquid heat exchange with in-tower cooling water circulation gas-liquid heat exchange technology enables the cooling tower to achieve even better cooling performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to cooling equipment for industrial circulating water, specifically to a multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower and its multi-stage heat exchange method. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial applications, cooling or condensing process media typically requires low-temperature circulating water. After absorbing heat, the circulating water needs to be cooled by evaporation in a cooling tower before being sent back to a heat exchanger to absorb heat from the process media. Cooling towers are broadly classified into open and closed types. In open cooling towers, the circulating water directly contacts the ambient air for heat transfer, resulting in poorer water quality. In closed cooling towers, the circulating water does not come into contact with the ambient air, ensuring clean water quality. Under the suction of a fan, ambient air is drawn into the tower and convects with the circulating water in the coils for heat exchange.

[0003] Existing cooling towers have the following drawbacks: First, they generally use single-stage gas-liquid heat exchange, resulting in low cooling efficiency. Second, the cooling tower packing typically needs to be replaced every three years. Current replacement methods involve manually removing the old packing and installing new packing, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming, disrupting normal production operations. Third, they have poor adaptability to varying circulating water flow rates. When the flow rate is low, uneven distribution occurs, preventing the water from reaching the packing and reducing heat exchange efficiency. Fourth, existing cooling towers use a water-circulating cooling system between the tower and the refrigerated unit, while the cooling water within the tower uses a unidirectional, non-circulating system, leading to poor heat exchange and low efficiency. Some cooling towers even waste water resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower with high cooling efficiency and good refrigeration effect, as well as its multi-stage heat exchange method.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower includes a main cooling tower body, a main fan, a water distribution mechanism, packing material, an internal circulation auxiliary tower, a water collection tank, an internal circulation cooling module, and an auxiliary fan. One side of the main cooling tower body has an air inlet, and the other side of the main cooling tower body is connected to the side wall of the internal circulation auxiliary tower. The main fan, water distribution mechanism, and packing material are arranged from top to bottom within the main cooling tower body. A conical liquid collection hopper is located within the main cooling tower body and below the packing material. The upper port of the cone-shaped liquid collection hopper is sealed to the inner wall of the main cooling tower. The lower port of the cone-shaped liquid collection hopper is provided with a gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe. The gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe is provided with a gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange spiral channel. The main cooling tower and the inner circulation auxiliary tower are located on the top of the water collection pool and are sealed to the water collection pool. The auxiliary fan is located at the exhaust port of the inner circulation auxiliary tower. The inner circulation cooling module is located inside the inner circulation auxiliary tower and is used to circulate and cool the cooling water in the water collection pool within the inner circulation auxiliary tower.

[0007] Furthermore, the water distribution mechanism is a scattering water distribution mechanism, which includes a pressurizing vertical pipe, a spherical shell, a pipe joint, a shaft mounting bracket, a vertical shaft, a turbine, a pressure reducing expansion pipe, and a scattering disk. The pipe joint is connected to the top of the spherical shell, the bottom of the spherical shell is connected to the upper end of the pressurizing vertical pipe, and the lower end of the pressurizing vertical pipe is connected to the pressure reducing expansion pipe. The shaft mounting bracket is installed in the spherical shell, and the vertical shaft is installed inside the pressurizing vertical pipe. The upper end of the vertical shaft passes through the upper port of the pressurizing vertical pipe and is mounted on the shaft mounting bracket through a bearing. The lower end of the vertical shaft passes through the pressurizing vertical pipe and the pressure reducing expansion pipe and is connected to the center of the scattering disk. The turbine is installed on the vertical shaft and is located near the lower port of the pressurizing vertical pipe. The pipe joint is connected to the circulating water conveying pipe, and a circulating water conveying pump is installed on the circulating water conveying pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the internal circulation cooling module includes an internal circulation pump, a cooling water delivery pipe, a planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil, a cooling water collection tray, and internal circulation cooling packing. The planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil is installed at the connection between the main cooling tower and the internal circulation auxiliary tower. One end of the cooling water delivery pipe is located in the collection tank, and the other end of the cooling water delivery pipe is connected to the inlet end of the planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil. The outlet end of the planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil extends into the cooling water collection tray. The internal circulation pump is located on the cooling water delivery pipe, and a spray mechanism is connected to the bottom of the cooling water collection tray. The spray mechanism is located above the internal circulation cooling packing.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide channel is provided inside the cooling main tower and below the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube, the guide channel being used to guide cooling water into the cooling water collection tray.

[0010] Furthermore, the packing in the main cooling tower body adopts nested cylindrical modular packing, which includes multiple cylindrical packings of different diameters and a mandrel. The multiple cylindrical packings of different diameters are nested in a concentric circle manner, and an annular air-liquid heat exchange channel is formed between adjacent cylindrical packings. The mandrel is inserted into the innermost cylindrical packing, and the mandrel has an air-liquid heat exchange channel along the axis. The height of the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing gradually decreases from the outermost cylindrical packing to the innermost cylindrical packing, and the top surface forms a groove-shaped structure with a high edge and a low center.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner surface of the cylindrical packing has multiple rows of elongated protrusions distributed from top to bottom. Each elongated protrusion is composed of multiple spaced elongated protrusions. The elongated protrusions are inclined and are neither parallel nor perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical packing. The inclination direction of the upper row of elongated protrusions is opposite to that of the adjacent lower row of elongated protrusions.

[0012] Furthermore, the nested cylindrical modular packing is installed in the protective mesh frame, and the bottom of the protective mesh frame is provided with rollers; the tower wall of the cooling main tower is provided with a packing replacement door, the outer side of the cooling main tower is provided with a maintenance platform, the body of the cooling main tower is provided with a bearing guide rail, and the protective mesh frame is supported on the bearing guide rail by rollers. When the packing replacement door is opened, the protective mesh frame can move along the bearing guide rail to the maintenance platform under the action of external force.

[0013] Furthermore, a water guiding mechanism is provided between the water distribution mechanism and the packing in the cooling tower body. The water guiding mechanism is an annular structure with a figure-eight cross section. The large opening at the upper end of the annular ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling tower body and is sealed to the inner wall of the cooling tower body. The small opening at the lower end of the annular ring is flush with the inner wall of the outermost cylindrical packing of the nested cylindrical modular packing.

[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the scattering disk is provided with multiple radially distributed circulating water scattering stripes.

[0015] The cooling method for a multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower includes the following steps:

[0016] Step A: Guide the air heat exchange medium in the cooling main tower and the internal circulation auxiliary tower: Start the main fan and the auxiliary fan. The outside air heat exchange medium enters the cooling main tower through the air inlet on the side wall of the cooling main tower. Part of the airflow enters the conical liquid collection hopper through the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe, and then flows through the various annular air-liquid heat exchange channels on the nested cylindrical modular packing. Finally, it is discharged from the cooling main tower through the main fan. The other part of the airflow, under the action of the auxiliary fan, enters the internal circulation auxiliary tower through the planar wall-type detour heat exchange coil in sequence, and then passes through the internal circulation cooling packing before being discharged from the exhaust port of the internal circulation auxiliary tower.

[0017] Step B, Cooling water flow in the main cooling tower: Start the circulating water delivery pump. Under the action of the circulating water delivery pump, the cooling water in the circulating water delivery pipe flows downward through the pipe joint, shaft mounting bracket, and spherical shell of the scattering water distribution mechanism, and flows into the pressurized vertical pipe. After pressurization, it flows to the turbine of the vertical shaft. Under the impact of the cooling water, the turbine drives the vertical shaft to rotate, and the vertical shaft drives the scattering disk to rotate. The cooling water flows downward through the turbine and through the pressure reducing expansion pipe to the scattering disk. The rotating scattering disk scatters the circulating water onto the inner wall of the main cooling tower.

[0018] Step C: Guide the cooling water to the nested cylindrical modular packing inside the cooling tower: The cooling water flows down the inner wall of the cooling tower to the water guiding mechanism, and then flows to the top edge of the nested cylindrical modular packing.

[0019] Step D, Cooling water flow distribution on nested cylindrical modular packing: Cooling water flows from the edge of the groove-shaped structure at the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing along the groove wall to the center of the groove, and the circulating water is distributed to each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel;

[0020] Step E, First gas-liquid heat exchange in the cooling tower body: In the cooling tower body, the cooling water flows in a meandering manner along the long strip protrusions in the long strip protrusion group in each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel of the nested cylindrical modular packing. During the flow, the cooling water undergoes the first gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium.

[0021] Step F, Second gas-liquid heat exchange within the cooling tower: Within the cooling tower, the cooling water after the first gas-liquid heat exchange flows out from the various annular gas-liquid heat exchange channels of the nested cylindrical modular packing and collects downwards onto the conical liquid collecting hopper. The cooling water then flows from the conical liquid collecting hopper into the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube. As the cooling water flows along the spiral channel of the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube, it undergoes a second gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium, which carries away the heat carried by the cooling water.

[0022] Step G: Guide the cooling water in the cooling main tower to the circulating water collection tray in the internal circulation auxiliary tower: The cooling water in the cooling main tower after the second gas-liquid heat exchange discharged from the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe is guided to the cooling water collection tray in the internal circulation auxiliary tower through the guide channel.

[0023] Step H, Third gas-liquid heat exchange in the internal circulation auxiliary tower: The cooling water after the second gas-liquid heat exchange in the cooling water collection pan in the internal circulation auxiliary tower flows downward into the internal circulation cooling packing through the spray mechanism. The cooling water undergoes a third gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium in the internal circulation cooling packing. The heat carried by the cooling water is carried away by the air heat exchange medium. The cooling water discharged from the internal circulation cooling packing flows downward into the water collection pool.

[0024] Step M: Repeated internal circulation gas-liquid heat exchange within the internal circulation auxiliary tower: Start the internal circulation pump. Under the action of the internal circulation pump, the cooling water in the water collection tank flows back to the water collection tank in sequence through the cooling water delivery pipe, the planar wall-type detour heat exchange coil, the cooling water collection tray, the spray mechanism, and the internal circulation cooling packing, forming an internal circulation channel for cooling water. The cooling water circulates repeatedly in the internal circulation channel, and internal circulation gas-liquid heat exchange occurs through the planar wall-type detour heat exchange coil and the internal circulation cooling packing.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] This invention employs a multi-stage gas-liquid heat exchange cooling method, which greatly improves cooling efficiency. In particular, the technical solution that combines the multi-stage gas-liquid heat exchange method with the gas-liquid heat exchange technology of the cooling water circulation in the tower enables the cooling tower to have a better cooling effect.

[0027] The packing material of this invention adopts nested cylindrical modular packing. When replacing the packing, the nested cylindrical modular packing can be directly removed from the cooling tower body as a whole, solving the problem of large workload and long replacement time caused by replacing individual packing in the narrow cooling tower body. In particular, installing the nested cylindrical modular packing in a protective mesh frame, which is supported on the bearing guide rail by rollers, further improves the replacement efficiency. After opening the packing replacement door, the staff can move the protective mesh frame along the bearing guide rail to the maintenance platform, remove the old nested cylindrical modular packing with a crane, and move the new nested cylindrical modular packing to the maintenance platform. The staff then pushes it into the cooling tower body and closes the packing replacement door. The replacement time of this invention does not exceed 3 minutes, which is significantly advantageous compared with the prior art that requires several hours for replacement. It basically does not affect the normal operation of the cooling tower and can ensure the continuous operation of the production equipment cooled by the cooling tower.

[0028] The top surface of the nested cylindrical modular packing of this invention adopts a groove-shaped structure. Circulating water flows from the edge of the groove-shaped structure at the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing along the groove wall to the center of the groove. The circulating water is distributed to each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel. This structure results in more uniform water distribution.

[0029] In order to adapt to the structural changes of nested cylindrical modular packing, the present invention has also specially developed a matching scattering water distribution mechanism. This scattering water distribution mechanism does not require electric drive, has no new energy loss, and has the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the water scattering mechanism.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the scattering disk.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The longitudinal section of the packing shown;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the packing material shown;

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the unfolded shape of the cylindrical packing material.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the multi-stage heat exchange method of the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Cooling main tower; 2. Main fan; 3. Water distribution mechanism; 4. Packing material; 5. Internal circulation auxiliary tower; 6. Water collection tank; 7. Internal circulation cooling module; 8. Auxiliary fan; 9. Conical liquid collection hopper; 10. Gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube; 11. Gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange spiral channel; 12. Exhaust outlet; 13. Air inlet; 14. Internal circulation pump; 15. Cooling water delivery pipe; 16. Planar wall-mounted detour heat exchange coil; 17. Cooling water collection tray; 18. Internal circulation cooling packing material; 19. Spray mechanism; 20. Guide channel; 21. Pressurization riser; 22. Spherical shell 23. Pipe fitting; 24. Shaft mounting bracket; 25. Vertical shaft; 26. Turbine; 27. Pressure reducing expansion pipe; 28. Scattering disc; 29. ​​Bearing; 30. Circulating water conveying pipeline; 31. Circulating water conveying pump; 32. Circulating water scattering strip; 33. Protective mesh frame; 34. Roller; 35. Packing replacement door; 36. Maintenance platform; 37. Bearing guide rail; 38. Water guiding mechanism; 39. Cylindrical packing; 40. Mandrel; 41. Annular air-liquid heat exchange channel; 42. Gas-liquid heat exchange channel; 43. Groove structure; 44. Long strip protrusion group; 45. Long strip protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper surface," "lower surface," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "forward," "reverse," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 3, a multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower includes a main cooling tower body 1, a main fan 2, a water distribution mechanism 3, packing 4, an internal circulation auxiliary tower 5, a water collection tank 6, an internal circulation cooling module 7, and an auxiliary fan 8. One side of the main cooling tower body 1 has an air inlet 13, and the other side of the main cooling tower body 1 is connected to the side wall of the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5. The main fan 2, water distribution mechanism 3, and packing 4 are arranged from top to bottom inside the main cooling tower body 1. A conical liquid collection hopper 9 is located inside the main cooling tower body 1 and below the packing 4. The upper port of the liquid hopper 9 is sealed to the inner wall of the cooling main tower body 1. The lower port of the conical liquid collecting hopper 9 is provided with a gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe 10. The gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe 10 is provided with a gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange spiral channel 11. The cooling main tower body 1 and the inner circulation auxiliary tower 5 are located on the top of the water collection pool 6 and are sealed to the water collection pool 6. The auxiliary fan 8 is located at the exhaust port 12 of the inner circulation auxiliary tower 5. The inner circulation cooling module 7 is located inside the inner circulation auxiliary tower 5 and is used to circulate and cool the cooling water in the water collection pool 6 inside the inner circulation auxiliary tower 5.

[0042] The gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube 10 has two functions: first, to carry out gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange; second, after the airflow enters the cooling main tower 1 from the air inlet 13, it flows upward through the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube 10 in the middle of the cooling main tower 1, which can change the airflow distribution in the cooling main tower 1 and make the airflow distribution in the packing more uniform.

[0043] The internal circulation cooling module 7 includes an internal circulation pump 14, a cooling water delivery pipe 15, a planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil 16, a cooling water collection tray 17, and internal circulation cooling packing 18. The planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil 16 is installed at the connection between the main cooling tower 1 and the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5. One end of the cooling water delivery pipe 15 is located in the water collection pool 6, and the other end of the cooling water delivery pipe 15 is connected to the water inlet end of the planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil 16. The water outlet end of the planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil 16 extends into the cooling water collection tray 17. The internal circulation pump 14 is mounted on the cooling water delivery pipe 15. A spray mechanism 19 is connected to the bottom of the cooling water collection tray 17 and is located above the internal circulation cooling packing 18. A guide channel 20 is provided inside the main cooling tower body 1 and below the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe 10. The guide channel 20 is used to guide the cooling water flowing out of the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe 10 into the cooling water collection tray 17. This invention adopts a multi-stage gas-liquid heat exchange refrigeration method, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency. In particular, the technical solution that combines the multi-stage gas-liquid heat exchange method with the in-tower cooling water circulation gas-liquid heat exchange technology enables the cooling tower to have a better cooling effect.

[0044] The water distribution mechanism 3 is a scattering water distribution mechanism, which includes a pressurizing vertical pipe 21, a spherical shell 22, a pipe joint 23, a shaft mounting bracket 24, a vertical shaft 25, a turbine 26, a pressure reducing expansion pipe 27, and a scattering disk 28. The pipe joint 23 is connected to the top of the spherical shell 22, the bottom of the spherical shell 22 is connected to the upper end of the pressurizing vertical pipe 21, and the lower end of the pressurizing vertical pipe 21 is connected to the pressure reducing expansion pipe 27. The shaft mounting bracket 24 is located inside the spherical shell 22, and the pressurizing vertical pipe 21 contains... The vertical shaft 25 has its upper end passing through the upper port of the booster vertical pipe 21 and mounted on the shaft mounting bracket 24 via a bearing 29. The lower end of the vertical shaft 25 passes through the booster vertical pipe 21 and the pressure reducing expansion pipe 27 and connects to the center of the scattering disk 28. The turbine 26 is mounted on the vertical shaft 25 near the lower port of the booster vertical pipe 21. The pipe joint 23 connects to the circulating water delivery pipe 30, which is equipped with a circulating water delivery pump 31. Multiple circulating water scattering strips 32 are radially distributed on the surface of the scattering disk. To adapt to the structural changes of the nested cylindrical modular packing, this invention also features a specially developed scattering water distribution mechanism. This mechanism does not require electrical drive, has no new energy loss, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0045] The packing 4 in the main cooling tower body is a nested cylindrical modular packing, which is installed in a protective mesh frame 33. The bottom of the protective mesh frame 33 is equipped with rollers 34. The tower wall of the main cooling tower body 1 is equipped with a packing replacement door 35. A maintenance platform 36 is located on the outer side of the main cooling tower body 1. A bearing guide rail 37 is located inside the main cooling tower body 1. The protective mesh frame 33 is supported on the bearing guide rail 37 by the rollers 34. When the packing replacement door 35 is opened, the protective mesh frame 33 can move along the bearing guide rail 37 to the maintenance platform 36 under external force. A water guiding mechanism 38 is also provided between the water distribution mechanism 3 and the packing 4 in the main cooling tower body 1. The water guiding mechanism 38 is an annular structure with a figure-eight cross-section. The large opening at the upper end of the annular ring is tightly attached to and sealed to the inner wall of the main cooling tower body 1. The small opening at the lower end of the annular ring is flush with the inner wall of the outermost cylindrical packing 39 of the nested cylindrical modular packing. The packing material of this invention adopts nested cylindrical modular packing. When replacing the packing, the nested cylindrical modular packing can be directly removed from the cooling tower body as a whole, solving the problem of large workload and long replacement time caused by replacing individual packing in the narrow cooling tower body. In particular, installing the nested cylindrical modular packing in a protective mesh frame, which is supported on the bearing guide rail by rollers, further improves the replacement efficiency. After opening the packing replacement door, the staff can move the protective mesh frame along the bearing guide rail to the maintenance platform, remove the old nested cylindrical modular packing with a crane, and move the new nested cylindrical modular packing to the maintenance platform. The staff then pushes it into the cooling tower body and closes the packing replacement door. The replacement time of this invention does not exceed 3 minutes, which is significantly advantageous compared with the prior art that requires several hours for replacement. It basically does not affect the normal operation of the cooling tower and can ensure the continuous operation of the production equipment cooled by the cooling tower.

[0046] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the nested cylindrical modular packing includes multiple cylindrical packings 39 of different diameters and a mandrel 40. The multiple cylindrical packings 39 of different diameters are nested concentrically, forming an annular air-liquid heat exchange channel 41 between adjacent cylindrical packings 39. The mandrel 40 is inserted into the innermost cylindrical packing 39, and an air-liquid heat exchange channel 42 is provided along the axial position on the mandrel 40. The height of the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing gradually decreases from the outermost to the innermost cylindrical packing, forming a groove-shaped structure 43 with a high edge and a low center. The nested cylindrical modular packing of this invention uses a groove-shaped structure on its top surface. Circulating water flows from the edge of the groove-shaped structure at the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing along the groove wall to the center of the groove, distributing the circulating water into each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel. This structure results in more uniform water distribution.

[0047] The inner surface of the cylindrical packing 39 has multiple rows of elongated protrusions 44 distributed from top to bottom. Each elongated protrusion 44 is composed of multiple spaced elongated protrusions 45. The elongated protrusions 45 are inclined and are neither parallel nor perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical packing 39. The upper row of elongated protrusions 44 is inclined in the opposite direction to the adjacent lower row of elongated protrusions 44.

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the cooling method of a multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower includes the following steps:

[0049] Step A: Guide the air heat exchange medium in the cooling main tower 1 and the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5: Start the main fan 2 and the auxiliary fan 8. The outside air heat exchange medium enters the cooling main tower 1 through the air inlet 13 on the side wall of the cooling main tower. Part of the airflow enters the conical liquid collection hopper 9 through the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe 10, and then flows through the various annular air-liquid heat exchange channels 41 on the nested cylindrical modular packing. Finally, it is discharged from the main fan 2 to the outside of the cooling main tower 1. The other part of the airflow, under the action of the auxiliary fan 8, enters the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5 through the planar wall-type detour heat exchange coil 16 in sequence, and then passes through the internal circulation cooling packing 18 before being discharged from the exhaust port of the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5.

[0050] Step B, Cooling water flow in the main cooling tower 1: Start the circulating water delivery pump 31. Under the action of the circulating water delivery pump 41, the cooling water in the circulating water delivery pipe 30 flows downward through the pipe joint 23, shaft mounting bracket 24, and spherical shell 22 of the scattering water distribution mechanism, and flows into the pressurizing vertical pipe 21 for pressurization. After pressurization, it flows to the turbine 26 of the vertical shaft 25. Under the impact of the cooling water, the turbine 26 drives the vertical shaft 25 to rotate, and the vertical shaft 25 drives the scattering disk 28 to rotate. The cooling water flows downward through the turbine 26 and through the pressure reducing expansion pipe 27 to the scattering disk 28. The rotating scattering disk 28 scatters the circulating water onto the inner wall of the main cooling tower 1.

[0051] Step C: Guide cooling water to the nested cylindrical modular packing inside the cooling tower body 1: The cooling water flows down the inner wall of the cooling tower body 1 to the water guiding mechanism 38, and then flows to the top edge of the nested cylindrical modular packing through the water guiding mechanism 38.

[0052] Step D: Flow distribution of cooling water on nested cylindrical modular packing: Cooling water flows from the edge of the groove-shaped structure 43 at the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing along the groove wall to the center of the groove, and the circulating water is distributed to each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel 41.

[0053] Step E, First gas-liquid heat exchange in the cooling main tower body 1: In the cooling main tower body 1, the cooling water flows in a meandering manner along the elongated protrusions 45 in the elongated protrusion group 44 in each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel 41 of the nested cylindrical modular packing. During the flow, the cooling water undergoes the first gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium.

[0054] Step F, Second gas-liquid heat exchange within the main cooling tower 1: Within the main cooling tower 1, the cooling water after the first gas-liquid heat exchange flows out from the various annular air-liquid heat exchange channels 41 of the nested cylindrical modular packing and collects downwards onto the conical liquid collecting hopper 9. The cooling water then flows from the conical liquid collecting hopper 9 into the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe 10. As the cooling water flows along the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange spiral channel 11 in the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe 10, it undergoes a second gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium, thereby carrying away the heat carried by the cooling water through the air heat exchange medium.

[0055] Step G: Guide the cooling water in the cooling main tower 1 to the circulating water collection tray in the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5: The cooling water in the cooling main tower 1 after the second gas-liquid heat exchange discharged from the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe is guided to the cooling water collection tray 17 in the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5 through the guide channel 20.

[0056] Step H, Third Gas-Liquid Heat Exchange in the Internal Circulation Auxiliary Tower: The cooling water after the second gas-liquid heat exchange in the cooling water collection pan 17 in the internal circulation auxiliary tower 5 flows downward into the internal circulation cooling packing 18 through the spray mechanism 19. The cooling water undergoes a third gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium in the internal circulation cooling packing 18. The heat carried by the cooling water is carried away by the air heat exchange medium. The cooling water discharged from the internal circulation cooling packing 18 flows downward into the water collection pool 6.

[0057] Step M: Repeated internal circulation gas-liquid heat exchange in the internal circulation auxiliary tower: Start the internal circulation pump 14. Under the action of the internal circulation pump 14, the cooling water in the water collection tank 6 flows back to the water collection tank 6 through the cooling water delivery pipe 15, the plane wall-type bypass heat exchange coil 16, the cooling water collection tray 17, the spray mechanism 19, and the internal circulation cooling packing 18, forming an internal circulation channel for cooling water. The cooling water circulates repeatedly in the internal circulation channel and undergoes internal circulation gas-liquid heat exchange through the plane wall-type bypass heat exchange coil 16 and the internal circulation cooling packing 18.

[0058] Furthermore, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described herein, as well as the features of those embodiments or examples, without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower, characterized in that: The system includes a main cooling tower, a main fan, a water distribution mechanism, packing material, an internal circulation auxiliary tower, a water collection tank, an internal circulation cooling module, and an auxiliary fan. One side of the main cooling tower wall has an air inlet, and the other side of the main cooling tower wall is connected to the side wall of the internal circulation auxiliary tower. The main fan, water distribution mechanism, and packing material are arranged from top to bottom within the main cooling tower. A conical liquid collection hopper is located within the main cooling tower and below the packing material. The upper end of the conical liquid collection hopper is sealed to the inner wall of the main cooling tower, and the lower end of the conical liquid collection hopper has a gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe with a spiral channel for gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange. The main cooling tower and the internal circulation auxiliary tower are located at the top of the water collection tank and are sealed to the water collection tank. The auxiliary fan is located at the exhaust port of the internal circulation auxiliary tower, and the internal circulation cooling module is located within the internal circulation auxiliary tower. Inside the auxiliary tower, cooling water from the collection tank is circulated and cooled within the inner circulation auxiliary tower. The water distribution mechanism is a scattering water distribution mechanism, which includes a booster vertical pipe, a spherical shell, a pipe joint, a shaft mounting bracket, a vertical shaft, a turbine, a pressure reducing expansion pipe, and a scattering disk. The pipe joint is connected to the top of the spherical shell, the bottom of the spherical shell is connected to the upper end of the booster vertical pipe, and the lower end of the booster vertical pipe is connected to the pressure reducing expansion pipe. The shaft mounting bracket is installed in the spherical shell. The vertical shaft is installed inside the booster vertical pipe. The upper end of the vertical shaft passes through the upper port of the booster vertical pipe and is mounted on the shaft mounting bracket via a bearing. The lower end of the vertical shaft passes through the booster vertical pipe and the pressure reducing expansion pipe and is connected to the center of the scattering disk. The turbine is installed on the vertical shaft and near the lower port of the booster vertical pipe. The pipe joint is connected to the circulating water delivery pipe, and a circulating water delivery pump is installed on the circulating water delivery pipe.

2. The multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal circulation cooling module includes an internal circulation pump, a cooling water delivery pipe, a planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil, a cooling water collection tray, and internal circulation cooling packing. The planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil is installed at the connection between the main cooling tower and the internal circulation auxiliary tower. One end of the cooling water delivery pipe is located in the collection tank, and the other end of the cooling water delivery pipe is connected to the inlet end of the planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil. The outlet end of the planar wall-type bypass heat exchange coil extends into the cooling water collection tray. The internal circulation pump is located on the cooling water delivery pipe, and a spray mechanism is connected to the bottom of the cooling water collection tray. The spray mechanism is located above the internal circulation cooling packing.

3. The multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide channel is provided inside the cooling main tower and below the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube. The guide channel is used to guide cooling water into the cooling water collection tray.

4. The multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The packing in the main cooling tower is a nested cylindrical modular packing, which includes multiple cylindrical packings of different diameters and a mandrel. The multiple cylindrical packings of different diameters are nested in a concentric circle manner, forming an annular air-liquid heat exchange channel between adjacent cylindrical packings. The mandrel is inserted into the innermost cylindrical packing, and the mandrel has an air-liquid heat exchange channel along its axis. The height of the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing gradually decreases from the outermost cylindrical packing to the innermost cylindrical packing, and the top surface forms a groove-shaped structure with a high edge and a low center.

5. The multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner surface of the cylindrical packing has multiple rows of elongated protrusions distributed from top to bottom. Each elongated protrusion is composed of multiple spaced elongated protrusions. The elongated protrusions are inclined and are neither parallel nor perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical packing. The inclination direction of the upper row of elongated protrusions is opposite to that of the adjacent lower row of elongated protrusions.

6. The multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nested cylindrical modular packing is installed in the protective mesh frame, and the bottom of the protective mesh frame is equipped with rollers; the tower wall of the cooling main tower is equipped with a packing replacement door, the outer side of the cooling main tower is equipped with a maintenance platform, the body of the cooling main tower is equipped with a bearing guide rail, and the protective mesh frame is supported on the bearing guide rail by rollers. When the packing replacement door is opened, the protective mesh frame can move along the bearing guide rail to the maintenance platform under the action of external force.

7. The multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water guiding mechanism is also provided between the water distribution mechanism and the packing in the cooling tower body. The water guiding mechanism is an annular structure with a figure-eight cross section. The large opening at the upper end of the annular ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cooling tower body and is sealed to the inner wall of the cooling tower body. The small opening at the lower end of the annular ring is flush with the inner wall of the outermost cylindrical packing of the nested cylindrical modular packing.

8. The multi-stage heat exchange type side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The scattering disk has multiple circulating water scattering strips distributed radially on its surface.

9. The multi-stage heat exchange method for a side-inlet crossflow cooling tower according to claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step A: Guide the air heat exchange medium in the cooling main tower and the internal circulation auxiliary tower: Start the main fan and the auxiliary fan. The outside air heat exchange medium enters the cooling main tower through the air inlet on the side wall of the cooling main tower. Part of the airflow enters the conical liquid collection hopper through the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe, and then flows through the various annular air-liquid heat exchange channels on the nested cylindrical modular packing. Finally, it is discharged from the cooling main tower through the main fan. The other part of the airflow, under the action of the auxiliary fan, enters the internal circulation auxiliary tower through the planar wall-type detour heat exchange coil in sequence, and then passes through the internal circulation cooling packing before being discharged from the exhaust port of the internal circulation auxiliary tower. Step B, Cooling water flow in the main cooling tower: Start the circulating water delivery pump. Under the action of the circulating water delivery pump, the cooling water in the circulating water delivery pipe flows downward through the pipe joint, shaft mounting bracket, and spherical shell of the scattering water distribution mechanism, and flows into the pressurized vertical pipe. After pressurization, it flows to the turbine of the vertical shaft. Under the impact of the cooling water, the turbine drives the vertical shaft to rotate, and the vertical shaft drives the scattering disk to rotate. The cooling water flows downward through the turbine and through the pressure reducing expansion pipe to the scattering disk. The rotating scattering disk scatters the circulating water onto the inner wall of the main cooling tower. Step C: Guide the cooling water to the nested cylindrical modular packing inside the cooling tower: The cooling water flows down the inner wall of the cooling tower to the water guiding mechanism, and then flows to the top edge of the nested cylindrical modular packing. Step D, Cooling water flow distribution on nested cylindrical modular packing: Cooling water flows from the edge of the groove-shaped structure at the top of the nested cylindrical modular packing along the groove wall to the center of the groove, and the circulating water is distributed to each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel; Step E, First gas-liquid heat exchange in the cooling tower body: In the cooling tower body, the cooling water flows in a meandering manner along the long strip protrusions in the long strip protrusion group in each annular air-liquid heat exchange channel of the nested cylindrical modular packing. During the flow, the cooling water undergoes the first gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium. Step F, Second gas-liquid heat exchange within the cooling tower: Within the cooling tower, the cooling water after the first gas-liquid heat exchange flows out from the various annular gas-liquid heat exchange channels of the nested cylindrical modular packing and collects downwards onto the conical liquid collecting hopper. The cooling water then flows from the conical liquid collecting hopper into the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube. As the cooling water flows along the spiral channel of the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange tube, it undergoes a second gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium, which carries away the heat carried by the cooling water. Step G: Guide the cooling water in the cooling main tower to the circulating water collection tray in the internal circulation auxiliary tower: The cooling water in the cooling main tower after the second gas-liquid heat exchange discharged from the gas-liquid mixed flow heat exchange pipe is guided to the cooling water collection tray in the internal circulation auxiliary tower through the guide channel. Step H, Third gas-liquid heat exchange in the internal circulation auxiliary tower: The cooling water after the second gas-liquid heat exchange in the cooling water collection pan in the internal circulation auxiliary tower flows downward into the internal circulation cooling packing through the spray mechanism. The cooling water undergoes a third gas-liquid heat exchange with the air heat exchange medium in the internal circulation cooling packing. The heat carried by the cooling water is carried away by the air heat exchange medium. The cooling water discharged from the internal circulation cooling packing flows downward into the water collection pool. Step M: Repeated internal circulation gas-liquid heat exchange within the internal circulation auxiliary tower: Start the internal circulation pump. Under the action of the internal circulation pump, the cooling water in the water collection tank flows back to the water collection tank in sequence through the cooling water delivery pipe, the planar wall-type detour heat exchange coil, the cooling water collection tray, the spray mechanism, and the internal circulation cooling packing, forming an internal circulation channel for cooling water. The cooling water circulates repeatedly in the internal circulation channel, and internal circulation gas-liquid heat exchange occurs through the planar wall-type detour heat exchange coil and the internal circulation cooling packing.

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