Landslide weak grating sensing array monitoring method

Abstract

The invention provides a landslide weak grating sensing array monitoring method, and relates to the field of high-position landslide deep dynamic monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: building a landslide weak grating deformation and vibration sensing monitoring array; acquiring landslide surface deformation information and deep rock mass vibration information; carrying out analysis and research on the obtained earth surface deformation information and deep rock mass vibration information; designing a landslide deformation and vibration information identification analysis model; optimizing and correcting parameters of the identification analysis model; acquiring long-time-sequence deformation and vibration information, and dynamically observing the deformation state of the landslide rock mass. The characteristics of large range and high precision of the weak grating sensing arrays are fully utilized, the weak grating sensing arrays are respectively deployed in the landslide deep part and the earth surface key area, dynamic detection of the landslide deep part rock mass is realized, an information identification analysis model is integrated, landslide earth surface deformation information and vibration information of the deep part rock mass are effectively detected, and the landslide deep part rock mass and the landslide deep part rock mass are accurately detected. The specific position of dynamic deformation of the deep rock mass is accurately judged, and the deformation development trend of the landslide is analyzed and judged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of deep dynamic monitoring of high-position landslides, and in particular to a landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] High-level landslides are one of the more common types of geological disasters at this stage. They are characterized by suddenness, strong concealment and great destructive power, which seriously threatens the safety of life and property of the people in the affected area. Therefore, continuous real-time dynamic monitoring of high-level landslides will help to timely understand the dynamic evolution trend of high-level landslides, and the deformation and vibration information in the deep part of high-level landslides is crucial for identifying and analyzing the evolution trend. Traditional deep deformation and vibration monitoring of high-level landslides adopts the monitoring method of borehole inclinometers and fiber grating sensors. The borehole inclinometer measures the inclination changes of rock and soil at different depths by deploying inclination sensors at a certain interval inside the borehole. When the mountain deforms in the deep part, the inclinometer can sense the change in inclination angle, thereby realizing the monitoring of the deep deformation of the landslide. However, the borehole inclinometer can only monitor the inclination changes of the monitoring positions specifically deployed in the deep part of the borehole, and cannot achieve full coverage monitoring of the deep borehole of the landslide. Deformation of other positions without monitoring sensors will lead to insufficient information acquisition. In addition, when the rock and soil deep in the landslide deforms, the deformation and vibration information of the rock deep in the landslide can be sensed by the fiber optic Bragg grating buried in the landslide borehole. However, due to the limitations of the detection pulse width and the bandwidth of the detector, it is usually difficult to simultaneously achieve high spatial resolution and high temperature and strain resolution deep in the landslide borehole. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems and to address the shortcomings of existing monitoring technical means, the present invention proposes a landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method, which fully utilizes the large range and high precision characteristics of the weak grating sensor array, and deploys the weak grating sensor array in the deep part of the landslide and in key areas on the surface respectively, so as to realize dynamic detection of the deep rock mass of the landslide, and integrate the information recognition and analysis model to effectively detect the surface deformation information of the landslide and the vibration information of the deep rock mass, accurately determine the specific location of the dynamic deformation of the deep rock mass, and analyze and judge the deformation development trend of the landslide.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Deploy weak grating deformation sensor array units and weak grating vibration sensor array units for landslides, set up data transmission optical cable units and weak grating demodulation units, solar charging control units, and wireless network transmission units;

[0007] S2. Observe the landslide deformation and vibration changes in real time through the weak grating vibration sensing array unit and the weak grating deformation sensing array unit, and obtain and analyze the landslide deformation information and vibration observation information through the weak grating demodulation unit;

[0008] S3. Analyze and study the landslide deformation and vibration observation information obtained in S2, and derive the calculation model of landslide surface deformation and the calculation model of deep rock mass vibration information respectively;

[0009] S4. Obtaining a landslide deformation and vibration information identification and analysis model based on the landslide surface deformation calculation model and the deep rock mass vibration information calculation model of S3;

[0010] S5. Carry out accuracy test on the deformation development trend calculated by the identification analysis model parameters of the landslide deformation and vibration information identification analysis model, analyze the identification analysis model parameters verified by the test and verified and the model parameters obtained by actual observation, and optimize and correct the identification analysis model parameters;

[0011] S6. Based on the landslide surface deformation observation information and deep rock mass vibration observation information obtained under long-term observation, the landslide deformation and vibration information identification and analysis model is continuously adjusted and optimized according to S3-S4, thereby improving the accuracy of the identification and analysis model parameters and effectively analyzing and judging the deformation development trend of the landslide.

[0012] Beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention is mainly suitable for monitoring multi-parameter physical information of deep high-level landslides. Weak grating vibration sensor array units and weak grating deformation sensor array units are respectively deployed in the boreholes of high-level landslides and in key areas on the surface. By effectively calculating the deformation information and vibration information of the deep part and the surface of the high-level landslide, and using the high-level landslide deformation and vibration information identification and analysis model, the deformation development trend of the landslide under the current monitoring state is calculated, thereby realizing real-time dynamic observation of the state information of the high-level landslide, and having the characteristics of multiple monitoring parameters and wide coverage.

[0014] Compared with Rayleigh scattering in traditional fiber optic sensing, weak fiber Bragg grating can generate high-power and stable reflection signals, making the sensor more sensitive to tiny changes in physical quantities and can detect weaker signal changes, thereby improving the precision and accuracy of the measurement. Therefore, through the weak grating sensor array detection technology, it is possible to realize the dual monitoring of the deep deformation and vibration of high-level landslides, effectively obtain the deep physical parameter information of high-level landslides, overcome the shortcomings of the existing deep landslide monitoring technology that obtains single parameters and cannot achieve full coverage monitoring of the deep landslide, thereby providing effective and reliable data reference for real-time monitoring and early warning of high-level landslides. The present invention makes full use of the large range and high precision characteristics of the weak grating sensor array, and realizes the dynamic detection of the deep rock mass of the landslide by deploying the weak grating sensor array in the deep part of the landslide and the key areas on the surface, and integrates the information recognition and analysis model to effectively detect the surface deformation information of the landslide and the vibration information of the deep rock mass, accurately determine the specific location of the dynamic deformation of the deep rock mass, and analyze and judge the deformation development trend of the landslide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the deployment of the weak grating sensor array for landslides involved in the weak grating sensor array monitoring method for landslides of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method of the present invention.

[0017] Among them, the figures are marked as: weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1, weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2, sensor array traction unit 3, deformation sensor 4, vibration sensor 5, data transmission optical cable unit 6, weak grating demodulation unit 7, solar charging control unit 8, wireless network transmission unit 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0019] like Figure 2 As shown, the landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Deploy the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 of the landslide, set up the data transmission optical cable unit 6 and the weak grating demodulation unit 7, the solar charging control unit 8, and the wireless network transmission unit 9.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 are deployed in the key areas of the high-position landslide surface and inside the borehole. The weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 is an optical cable with an interval of 1m (that is, the interval between adjacent weak grating deformation sensors is 1m), wherein a deformation sensor 4 is arranged at every 1m interval; the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 is an optical cable with an interval of 5m (that is, the interval between adjacent weak grating vibration sensors is 5m), wherein a vibration sensor 5 is arranged at every 5m interval, and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 is an optical cable with an interval of 5m (that is, the interval between adjacent weak grating vibration sensors is 5m), wherein a vibration sensor 5 is arranged at every 5m interval, and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 is an optical cable with an interval of 5m The deformation sensor array unit 1 and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 are lowered into the landslide borehole by the sensor array traction unit 3, and the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 arranged in the deep borehole of the landslide are backfilled and sealed in the form of quartz stones or clay balls; the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 arranged in the key area of ​​surface deformation of the landslide are mainly arranged inside the rock and soil body, and backfilled through weak grating optical cable clamps or original rock and soil body.

[0022] The key areas refer to areas within the range of high-level landslides that show certain signs of deformation, such as crack tension, rock and soil block collapse, local collapse of slopes, etc. The appearance of the above phenomena in the landslide means that the landslide has deformed and requires special attention.

[0023] The weak grating demodulation unit 7 is used to obtain deformation information of key areas on the landslide surface and deep rock mass;

[0024] The data transmission optical cable unit 6 is used to connect the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2, the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 and the weak grating demodulation unit 7;

[0025] The weak grating demodulation unit 7 is used to interpret and analyze the data of the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 and the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1;

[0026] The solar charging control unit 8 is used to provide power supply for the data transmission optical cable unit 6, the weak grating demodulation unit 7 and the wireless network transmission unit 9;

[0027] The wireless network transmission unit 9 is used to transmit the data interpreted by the weak grating demodulation unit 7 to a remote data center.

[0028] S2. Observe the landslide deformation and vibration changes in real time through the weak grating vibration sensing array unit 2 and the weak grating deformation sensing array unit 1, and obtain and analyze the landslide deformation and vibration observation information through the weak grating demodulation unit 7;

[0029] S3. Analyze and study the landslide deformation and vibration observation information obtained in S2, and derive the calculation model of landslide surface deformation and the calculation model of deep rock mass vibration information respectively. The weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 deployed in the deep borehole of the landslide can sense the deep displacement deformation of the landslide. The weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 has its own specific central wavelength. (The optical cable has its own characteristic parameters during the manufacturing process, and the wavelength value range of the optical cable is 1528 nm~1568 nm). The strain of the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 Mainly affected by the change of the central wavelength of the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 and changes in outside temperature Under the dual influence of the landslide geological structure and the external temperature, the strain of the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 It can be calculated by the formula, that is, the landslide surface deformation calculation model is:

[0030] (1)

[0031] in, is the thermo-optic coefficient of the weak grating deformation sensing array unit 1, is the thermal expansion coefficient of the weak grating deformation sensing array unit 1, is the strain influence coefficient of the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1.

[0032] When the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 is affected by external vibration, the length of two separated grating scattering points in the weak grating vibration sensor array unit will change. , This leads to deep rock mass vibration information changes, the deep rock mass vibration information The calculation model is:

[0033] (2)

[0034] in, is the refractive index of the weak grating vibration sensor array unit.

[0035] S4. Obtaining a recognition and analysis model for landslide deformation and vibration information, including: calculating a landslide deformation and vibration information recognition and analysis model based on the landslide surface deformation calculation model and the deep rock mass vibration information calculation model, the landslide deformation and vibration information Identification analysis model The details are as follows:

[0036] (3)

[0037] The identification and analysis model f of landslide deformation and vibration information is an identification and analysis algorithm for calculating deformation and vibration information, which mainly determines the specific deformation and vibration size of the deep rock mass of the landslide and the specific area where the deformation and vibration occur by obtaining the specific information of the deep rock mass deformation and vibration.

[0038] The landslide deformation and landslide vibration information calculated by formula (1) and formula (2) in S3 are imported into formula (3) in S4 for calculation, and then the deformation development trend of the landslide under the current monitoring state is calculated.

[0039] S5. Optimize and correct the identification and analysis model parameters, conduct accuracy test on the deformation development trend calculated by the identification and analysis model parameters of the landslide deformation and vibration information identification and analysis model, conduct analysis based on the verified identification and analysis model parameters and the model parameters obtained by actual observation, and optimize and correct the identification and analysis model parameters;

[0040] S6. Obtain long-term deformation and vibration information, and dynamically observe the deformation state of the landslide rock mass, including: based on the landslide surface deformation observation information and deep rock mass vibration observation information obtained under long-term observation, continuously adjust and optimize the landslide deformation and vibration information identification and analysis model according to S3-S4, thereby improving the accuracy of the identification and analysis model parameters, and effectively analyzing and judging the deformation development trend of the landslide.

[0041] Preferably, the weak grating vibration sensing array unit 2 is a UWB vibration sensing optical cable, and the weak grating deformation sensing array unit 1 is a prestressed internal fixed-point grating array sensing optical cable.

[0042] Preferably, the weak grating vibration sensor array unit 2 is arranged in a deep borehole of the landslide and can cover the key area of ​​the landslide, and the weak grating deformation sensor array unit 1 is also arranged in a deep borehole of the landslide and in the key deformation area of ​​the landslide. The key area refers to an area within the range of a high-level landslide with certain signs of deformation, such as crack stretching, block collapse, etc.

[0043] Preferably, in S6, the landslide deformation information includes deep deformation of the landslide and surface deformation of the landslide, and the landslide vibration information includes but is not limited to vibration information caused by coal mining, quarrying, blasting, transportation or artificial activities.

Claims

1. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Deploy weak grating deformation sensor array units and weak grating vibration sensor array units for landslides, set up data transmission optical cable units and weak grating demodulation units, solar charging control units, and wireless network transmission units; S2. Observe the landslide deformation and vibration changes in real time through the weak grating vibration sensing array unit and the weak grating deformation sensing array unit, and obtain and analyze the landslide deformation information and vibration observation information through the weak grating demodulation unit; S3. Analyze and study the landslide deformation and vibration observation information obtained in S2, and derive the calculation model of landslide surface deformation and the calculation model of deep rock mass vibration information respectively; S4. Obtaining a landslide deformation and vibration information identification and analysis model based on the landslide surface deformation calculation model and the deep rock mass vibration information calculation model of S3; S5. Carry out accuracy test on the deformation development trend calculated by the identification analysis model parameters of the landslide deformation and vibration information identification analysis model, analyze the identification analysis model parameters verified by the test and verified and the model parameters obtained by actual observation, and optimize and correct the identification analysis model parameters; S6. Based on the landslide surface deformation observation information and deep rock mass vibration observation information obtained under long-term observation, the landslide deformation and vibration information identification and analysis model is continuously adjusted and optimized according to S3-S4, thereby improving the accuracy of the identification and analysis model parameters and effectively analyzing and judging the deformation development trend of the landslide.

2. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 comprises: deploying the weak grating deformation sensor array unit and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit in the area with deformation signs on the surface of the high-level landslide and inside the borehole.

3. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weak grating deformation sensing array unit includes a plurality of deformation sensors, and the distance between adjacent deformation sensors is 1 m; the weak grating vibration sensing array unit 2 includes a plurality of vibration sensors, and the distance between adjacent vibration sensors is 5 m.

4. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weak grating deformation sensor array unit and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit are lowered into the deep borehole of the landslide by the sensor array traction unit. The weak grating deformation sensor array unit and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit arranged in the deep borehole of the landslide are backfilled and sealed with quartz stone or clay balls as materials.

5. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weak grating demodulation unit is used to obtain deformation information of areas with deformation signs on the landslide surface and deep rock mass; The data transmission optical cable unit is used to connect the weak grating vibration sensor array unit, the weak grating deformation sensor array unit and the weak grating demodulation unit; The weak grating demodulation unit is used to interpret and analyze the data of the weak grating vibration sensor array unit and the weak grating deformation sensor array unit; The solar charging control unit is used to provide power supply for the data transmission optical cable unit, the weak grating demodulation unit and the wireless network transmission unit; The wireless network transmission unit is used to transmit the data interpreted by the weak grating demodulation unit to a remote data center.

6. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: S3 includes: a weak grating deformation sensor array unit deployed in a deep borehole of the landslide to sense the deep displacement deformation of the landslide, and the weak grating deformation sensor array unit has a central wavelength , the strain of weak grating deformation sensor array unit The change of the central wavelength of the sensing array unit affected by weak grating deformation and changes in outside temperature Under the dual influence of landslide geological structure and external temperature, the strain of weak grating deformation sensor array unit The calculation model of landslide surface deformation is obtained by the formula: （1） in, is the thermo-optic coefficient of the weak grating deformation sensor array unit, is the thermal expansion coefficient of the weak grating deformation sensor array unit, is the strain influence coefficient of the weak grating deformation sensor array unit; When the weak grating vibration sensor array unit is affected by external vibration, the length of two separated grating scattering points in the weak grating vibration sensor array unit changes. , the change in the length of two grating scattering points separated by a weak grating vibration sensor array unit This leads to deep rock mass vibration information changes, the deep rock mass vibration information The calculation model is: （2） in, is the refractive index of the weak grating vibration sensor array unit.

7. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S4 includes: The landslide deformation and vibration information identification analysis model is calculated based on the landslide surface deformation calculation model and the deep rock mass vibration information calculation model. The details are as follows: （3）。 8. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weak grating vibration sensing array unit is a UWB vibration sensing optical cable, and the weak grating deformation sensing array unit is a prestressed internal fixed-point grating array sensing optical cable.

9. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The weak grating deformation sensor array unit and the weak grating vibration sensor array unit arranged in the area where the landslide shows deformation signs are arranged inside the rock and soil body, and backfill is performed through a weak grating optical cable clamp or the original rock and soil body.

10. A landslide weak grating sensor array monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, in S2, the landslide deformation information includes deep deformation of the landslide and surface deformation of the landslide, and the vibration observation information includes vibration information caused by coal mining, quarrying, blasting, transportation or artificial activities.

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