Antenna module, laminated assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna module, a laminated assembly and a vehicle. The antenna module comprises a feed terminal used for accessing an excitation signal corresponding to a target frequency band; the feed arm is connected with the feed terminal, and the size of the feed arm is larger than half of the wavelength of the target frequency band; and a plurality of radiation arms, the plurality of radiation arms are annularly distributed at intervals, and the plurality of radiation arms are coupled with the feed arm to excite the annular current flowing along the plurality of radiation arms, so that the antenna module supports omnidirectional radiation of a target frequency band. The antenna module is small in size and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle-mounted communication technology, and in particular to an antenna module, a laminated component and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In vehicle-mounted applications, the demand for omnidirectional communication of antennas is increasing. For example, using Bluetooth antennas for 360-degree omnidirectional ranging, in traditional technology, multiple Bluetooth modules are often deployed on the vehicle to achieve the 360-degree ranging requirement in the horizontal direction of the vehicle. Each module contains an antenna. In this way, the antenna for omnidirectional communication is large in size and high in cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an antenna module, a laminated component and a vehicle that are small in size and low in cost.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna module is provided, comprising:

[0005] Feeding terminal, used to access the excitation signal corresponding to the target frequency band;

[0006] A feeding arm connected to the feeding terminal, wherein the size of the feeding arm is larger than half of the wavelength of the target frequency band;

[0007] Multiple radiating arms are distributed in a circular pattern and are coupled with a feeding arm to excite a circular current flowing along the multiple radiating arms, so that the antenna module supports omnidirectional radiation in a target frequency band.

[0008] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the feeding arm is arranged in a serpentine shape.

[0009] In one embodiment, two ends of the feeding arm are respectively connected to two different radiating arms.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first end of the feeding arm is coupled to a gap between one radiating arm, and the second end of the feeding arm is coupled to a gap between another radiating arm.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first end of the feed arm has a first coupling branch, and the angle between the first coupling branch and the radiating arm coupled to the slot is less than 90 degrees; and / or the second end of the feed arm has a second coupling branch, and the angle between the second coupling branch and the radiating arm coupled to the slot is less than 90 degrees.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, an impedance structure is further provided on the feeding arm, and the resonant frequency of the impedance structure matches the target frequency band.

[0013] In one embodiment, the size of the radiating arm is matched to half the wavelength of the target frequency band to support a half-wavelength resonant mode in the target frequency band.

[0014] In a second aspect, a laminated component is provided, including: the antenna module as described above.

[0015] In one embodiment, the feeding arm and the radiating arm are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked component, or the feeding arm and the radiating arm are arranged on the same layer of the stacked component.

[0016] In one embodiment, the stacked assembly further comprises:

[0017] a first transparent substrate;

[0018] A second transparent substrate is disposed on the first transparent substrate, and the second transparent substrate is farther away from the ambient light side than the first transparent substrate;

[0019] The antenna module is arranged between the second transparent substrate and the first transparent substrate.

[0020] In one embodiment, the stacked assembly further comprises:

[0021] A functional layer, the functional layer being sandwiched between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate;

[0022] When the feeding arm and the radiating arm are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked assembly, the feeding arm and the feeding terminal are arranged on a side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate, and the radiating arm is arranged on the functional layer.

[0023] In a third aspect, a means of transportation is provided, comprising:

[0024] Car body;

[0025] The above-mentioned laminated component is installed on the vehicle body.

[0026] The above antenna module, laminated assembly and vehicle have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] By connecting the feed arm and the feed terminal, the current on the feed arm is unidirectionally distributed, and based on the electromagnetic coupling effect between the feed arm and the circularly distributed radiating arm, when the excitation signal is connected, a circular current distribution can be formed on the radiating arm to support omnidirectional radiation, and the feed arm is designed to be larger than half the wavelength of the target frequency band. At this time, the feed arm mainly plays the role of transmitting the excitation signal and does not affect the circular current, thereby ensuring omnidirectional radiation performance. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, only one antenna module is required to achieve omnidirectional high-quality communication in the target frequency band, reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0030] Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0031] Figure 3 The third structural diagram of the antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0032] Figure 4 The fourth structural diagram of the antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0033] Figure 5 The fifth structural diagram of the antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0034] Figure 6 The sixth structural diagram of the antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0035] Figure 7 The seventh structural diagram of the antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0036] Figure 8 is a return loss curve of an antenna module of an embodiment;

[0037] Fig. 9 is a radiation pattern of an antenna module in one embodiment;

[0038] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stacked assembly of one or more embodiments;

[0039] Fig.11 A cross-sectional view of a stacked assembly according to one or more embodiments;

[0040] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a vehicle structure of one or more embodiments;

[0041] Fig.13 One of the schematic diagrams of the distribution of antenna modules of one or more embodiments on the sunroof glass of a vehicle;

[0042] Fig.14The second schematic diagram of the distribution of antenna modules of one or more embodiments on the sunroof glass of a vehicle;

[0043] Fig.15 The third schematic diagram of the distribution of antenna modules of one or more embodiments on the sunroof glass of a vehicle;

[0044] Fig.16 The fourth schematic diagram is a distribution diagram of antenna modules on a sunroof glass of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 100, laminated component; 110, antenna module; 10, feeding terminal; 20, feeding arm; 20a, first coupling branch; 20b, second coupling branch; 21, impedance structure; 30, radiation arm; 120, first transparent substrate; 130, second transparent substrate; 200, vehicle body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0049] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application can be used in this article to describe various elements / parts, but these elements / parts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element / part from another element / part. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first coupling branch can be referred to as a second coupling branch, and similarly, a second coupling branch can be referred to as a first coupling branch. Both the first coupling branch and the second coupling branch are coupling branches, but they are not the same coupling branch.

[0050] It is understood that “plurality” refers to two or more than two, and “at least a portion of an element” refers to a portion or all of an element.

[0051] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" may also include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" and the like specify the presence of stated features, wholes, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. At the same time, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, an antenna module 110 is provided, including: a feeding terminal 10 , a feeding arm 20 , and a plurality of radiation arms 30 .

[0053] Among them, the feed terminal 10 is used to access the excitation signal corresponding to the target frequency band. The feed terminal 10 can support the access of the excitation signal, and its signal access implementation method can achieve the access of the excitation signal by connecting the feed line to the feed source (not shown), and the feed line can be arranged such as a coaxial line. The feed source refers to a device or circuit that can provide an excitation signal. For example, in the vehicle-mounted field, the feed source can be provided by the vehicle-mounted equipment.

[0054] The feeding arm 20 is connected to the feeding terminal 10, and the size of the feeding arm 20 is larger than half of the wavelength of the target frequency band. The feeding arm 20 can be implemented by silver paste printing, copper foil patch, etc.

[0055] The plurality of radiating arms 30 are distributed in a circular interval, and the plurality of radiating arms 30 are coupled with the feeding arm 20 to excite the circular current flowing along the plurality of radiating arms 30, so that the antenna module 110 supports omnidirectional radiation of the target frequency band. The circular interval distribution means that the plurality of radiating arms 30 are distributed around the feeding arm 20, which can support the formation of a circular current when the excitation signal is transmitted. The circular current refers to the distribution of the current in a circular shape along the plurality of radiating arms 30. The current starts to flow in one direction, passes through each radiating arm 30, and then returns to the starting point. At this time, omnidirectional radiation of the surface where the radiating arm 30 is located can be achieved.

[0056] Specifically, Figure 1 Taking the structure as an example, a feeding terminal 10 is provided in the feeding arm 20, and an excitation signal I is connected through the feeding terminal 10. The excitation signal is fed from the feeding terminal 10 into the feeding arm 20 and transmitted on the feeding arm 20 (such as Figure 1 The current I distribution is shown by the dotted line in the figure. The current transmission on the feeding arm and the radiating arm follows the principle that the current flows out from the positive electrode of the feeding terminal, then disappears, and then transmits in the reverse direction.

[0057] To better illustrate the working process of the antenna module 110, Figure 1Take the structure shown as an example to illustrate:

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , the radiating arm 30 includes a radiating arm 30a connected to the feeding arm 20 and a passive radiating arm 30b not directly connected to the feeding arm 20. After the excitation signal is fed into the feeding arm 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the current is transmitted on the feeding arm 10, and is transmitted from the connection position (end a and end b) between the feeding arm 10 and the radiating arm 30a toward the free end of the radiating arm 30a. At the free end (end c and end d) of the radiating arm 30a, the excitation signal on the radiating arm 30a is coupled to the adjacent radiating arm 30b based on the slot coupling, and is further transmitted on the radiating arm 30b to the end of the radiating arm 30b, so that the current distribution on the radiating arm 30 is a circular current distribution. Based on the right-hand rule, it can be known that at this time, omnidirectional radiation in the plane direction where the radiating arm 30 is located can be formed.

[0059] But it should be noted that Figure 1 It is only one form of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the actual protection scope of the present application, especially the routing method of the radiation arm 30 and the feeding arm 20 in the figure. Other routing methods that meet the above-mentioned technical feature constraints also fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0060] The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes unidirectional current distribution on the feed arm by connecting the feed arm and the feed terminal, and based on the electromagnetic coupling effect between the feed arm and the circularly distributed radiating arm, a circular current distribution can be formed on the radiating arm when the excitation signal is connected, supporting omnidirectional radiation, and the feed arm is designed to be larger than half the wavelength of the target frequency band. At this time, the feed arm mainly plays the role of transmitting the excitation signal and does not affect the circular current, thereby ensuring omnidirectional radiation performance. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, only one antenna module is required to realize omnidirectional high-quality communication in the target frequency band, reducing costs.

[0061] It should be noted that in the drawings provided in the embodiments of the present application, the direction of the induced current I is intended to provide a schematic diagram of the current distribution at a certain moment, but does not limit the current distribution direction of the radiating arm. For example, if a square wave current with positive and negative changes is passed through the feed terminal, as the direction of the current fed into the feed arm through the feed terminal changes, the current direction on the radiating arm will also change accordingly. For another example, if an alternating sinusoidal current is passed through the feed terminal, then according to the right-hand rule and Lenz's law, the direction of the induced current excited on the radiating arm will also be different during the increase or decrease of the excitation signal. Based on this, when understanding the embodiments provided by the present application, those skilled in the art should understand that the distribution of the current I given in the figure is mainly to reflect the distribution of the circular current on the radiating arm, and does not limit whether the circular current is clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0062] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, at least part of the feed arm is in a serpentine routing. By designing at least part of the feed arm as a serpentine routing, the length D along the extension direction of the feed arm can be reduced while the size is greater than half the wavelength (i.e., the feed arm is inhibited from radiating signals in the target frequency band), thereby reducing the overall volume of the antenna module, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna module.

[0063] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, two ends of the feeding arm are respectively connected to two different radiation arms.

[0064] by Figure 2 and Figure 3 The following structure is used to illustrate the distribution of the circular current:

[0065] The multiple radiating arms 30 include: a radiating arm 30a1 connected to the end a of the feeding arm 20, a radiating arm 30a2 connected to the end b of the feeding arm 20, a passive radiating arm 30b1 and a passive radiating arm 30b2. When the feeding terminal 10 is connected to an excitation signal, the excitation signal is fed from the feeding terminal 10 to the feeding arm 20, and a current distribution from the end a to the end b is formed on the feeding arm 20, and the following current distribution is formed on the radiating arm 30:

[0066] From the connection point between the radiating arm 30a1 and the a-end of the feeding arm 20 to the free end of the radiating arm 30a1, from the free end of the radiating arm 30a2 to the connection point between the radiating arm 30a2 and the b-end of the feeding arm 20, from the coupled end where the radiating arm 30b1 and the radiating arm 30a2 are coupled to the free end of the radiating arm 30b1, and from the coupled end between the radiating arm 30b2 and the radiating arm 30b1 to the other end of the radiating arm 30b2.

[0067] Under this current distribution, a circular current distribution is formed on the circularly distributed radiation arm 30, supporting omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band.

[0068] The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts a dipole antenna structure in conjunction with a parasitic radiating arm. The radiating arm part does not need to be provided with a separate excitation source, thereby reducing the excessive size of the antenna module caused by the arrangement of the excitation source or the wiring of the feeder. That is, the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application has simple excitation and small size.

[0069] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first end (end a) of the feeding arm 20 is slot-coupled with a radiation arm 30b1, and the second end (end b) of the feeding arm 20 is slot-coupled with another radiation arm 30b2.

[0070] The energy transfer between the feeding arm and the radiating arm can be realized based on slot coupling, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the excitation signal forms current distributions with different directions at the end a and the end b of the feeding arm 20. When the excitation signal changes, the magnetic field generated at the end a and the end b changes with the change of the excitation signal. At this time, the changing magnetic field will cause the corresponding coupled radiation arm 30b1 and the radiation arm 30b2 to generate induced currents. For example, at a certain moment, the radiation arm 30 generates the following Figure 4 and Figure 5 The counterclockwise induced current distribution shown in the figure, based on the right-hand rule, the circular current distribution on the multiple radiation arms 30 can omnidirectionally radiate in the direction of the surface where the radiation arm 30 is located. Under the slot coupling setting, it is beneficial to improve the flexibility of the position setting of the radiation arm 30. For example, it can be as follows Figure 6 As shown, the radiating arm 30 and the feeding arm 20 can be arranged in different layers, and energy transfer can be achieved based on electromagnetic coupling in the projection direction, so as to stimulate the radiating arm 30 to communicate radio frequency signals in the target frequency band. Under this arrangement, it is beneficial to reduce the total projection area of ​​the antenna module 110 on the plane where the radiating arm 30 is located.

[0071] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first end (end a) of the feeding arm 20 has a first coupling branch 20a, and the angle between the first coupling branch 20a and the radiating arm 30b1 coupled to the slot is less than 90 degrees; and / or, the second end (end b) of the feeding arm 20 has a second coupling branch 20b, and the angle between the second coupling branch 20b and the radiating arm 30b2 coupled to the slot is less than 90 degrees.

[0072] The angle between the first coupling branch 20a and the slot-coupled radiation arm 30b1 is less than 90 degrees, and at this time, the energy transfer efficiency between the first coupling branch 20a and the radiation arm 30b1 is relatively high. Similarly, the angle between the second coupling branch 20b and the slot-coupled radiation arm 30b2 is less than 90 degrees, which is conducive to improving the energy transfer efficiency between the second coupling branch 20b and the radiation arm 30b2, thereby achieving the improvement of the radiation performance of the antenna module 110 under the same intensity of the excitation signal, thereby improving the communication quality.

[0073] Optionally, when the angle between the first coupling branch 20a and the slot-coupled radiation arm 30b1 is 0 degree, that is, the first coupling branch 20a and the slot-coupled radiation arm 30b1 are parallel.

[0074] Optionally, when the included angle between the second coupling branch 20b and the slot-coupled radiation arm 30b2 is 0 degree, the second coupling branch 20b is parallel to the slot-coupled radiation arm 30b2.

[0075] In the embodiments described above, by providing a coupling branch (a first coupling branch 20a and / or a second coupling branch 20b) at the end of the feed arm and arranged parallel to the radiating arm, the size of the coupling between the feed arm and the radiating arm can be increased to ensure that the energy provided by the excitation signal can be better transmitted to the radiating arm through the feed arm, thereby improving the energy transfer efficiency, which is conducive to achieving high-quality communication driven by a low-power excitation signal and improving the communication performance of the antenna module.

[0076] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the feed arm 20 is also provided with an impedance structure 21, and the resonant frequency of the impedance structure 21 matches the target frequency band. The impedance structure 21 may be a rectangular structure (e.g. Figure 1 The invention can be a rectangular block in the figure), at least one of a circular, elliptical and polygonal structure, which is not limited here.

[0077] By forming an impedance structure on the feed arm, the feed arm can be supported to better transmit the excitation signal corresponding to the target frequency band, so that it mainly transmits the excitation signal, suppresses the transmission of other excitation signals, and improves the anti-interference ability of the antenna module.

[0078] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiating arms are generally circular (eg Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 as shown), ellipse, rectangle (as Figure 3 and Figure 5 as shown) or a polygon surrounding the feed arm.

[0079] Among them, when multiple radiation arms are circular or elliptical as a whole and surround the feeding arm, there is no sharp inflection point, which can suppress the current from gathering at the inflection point. The circular current is evenly distributed, and a uniform radiation field can be formed in all directions, ensuring high-quality communication of the antenna module in all directions.

[0080] When multiple radiating arms are arranged in a rectangular shape around the feed arm, the length of the radiating arms in the directions of the two sides of the rectangle can be set more flexibly to adapt to the installation requirements of the antenna module in different scenarios. For example, the antenna module is used in a long strip installation area (for example, the black edge area of ​​the glass). In this case, the feed arm can be set along the length direction of the installation area, and most of the radiating arms are also placed in the length direction of the installation area (for example, Figure 7 As shown in the figure), at this time, the communication needs of omnidirectional radiation can be taken into account, and the installation area can be adapted more flexibly.

[0081] In addition, the radiating arm may also be in a polygonal shape surrounding the feeding arm to adapt to the layout requirements in different application scenarios.

[0082] In one embodiment, a plurality of radiating arms are symmetrically arranged around the feeding arm. Under this arrangement, the uniformity of current distribution on the feeding arm can be ensured.

[0083] In one embodiment, some of the multiple radiating arms may be linear and some may be arc-shaped and distributed around the feeding arm. Specifically, the arrangement may be made according to the shape of the object to which the antenna module is applied.

[0084] In one embodiment, the target frequency band includes but is not limited to at least one frequency band under at least one network standard of Bluetooth communication, WiFi communication, 2G communication, 3G communication, radio communication, 4G communication and 5G communication. For example, the target frequency band may include the 2.4GHz frequency band of Bluetooth communication. For another example, the target frequency band may also include the 1.8GHz frequency band to support vehicles equipped with antenna modules to establish a vehicle-to-ground wireless communication network at radio frequency. The target frequency band may be determined according to the application scenario of the antenna module.

[0085] In one embodiment, the size of the radiating arm is matched to half of the wavelength of the target frequency band to support a half-wavelength resonance mode in the target frequency band. The radiating arm operates in the half-wavelength mode, and its communication quality is excellent. For the radiating arm that is not directly connected to the feeding arm, no additional feed source excitation is required to achieve magnetic field radiation.

[0086] In order to better illustrate the functional implementation process of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application, an example is given here:

[0087] As Figure 2 Take the structure shown in the figure as an example, and test it when the target frequency band is 2.4GHz. Figure 8 From the response curve shown in the figure, it can be seen that the port reflection coefficient S11 of the antenna module is less than -10dB in the 2.4-2.5GHz frequency band, that is, the effective bandwidth of the antenna module covers the 2.4GHz frequency band. Fig. 9 From the radiation diagram, it can be seen that the antenna module supports omnidirectional radiation in the 2.4GHz frequency band.

[0088] Therefore, the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band, and has a small size and low cost. When the antenna module is applied to laminated component products such as glass, in the process of realizing omnidirectional communication, it can be achieved by laying out one antenna module, which can further reduce the cost of the laminated component.

[0089] In one embodiment, if Fig.10 As shown, a laminated component 100 is provided, including: the antenna module 110 as described above.

[0090] The laminated component 100 equipped with the antenna module 110 can support omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band, thereby achieving omnidirectional communication. Since the antenna module 110 is small in size and low in cost, the cost of the laminated component 100 equipped with the antenna module 110 is also low. In addition, the area occupied by the laminated component body during the arrangement of the antenna module 110 can be reduced.

[0091] In one embodiment, the feeding arm and the radiating arm are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked component.

[0092] As described in the above embodiment, the feed arm and the radiating arm can be arranged on different layers of the laminated component. In this arrangement, the feed arm and the radiating arm transfer energy through slot coupling, and there is no need to drill holes in the laminated component. Figure 6 As shown, the space in the stacking direction is used to realize the coupling between the feeding arm and the radiating arm. In the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, compared with Figure 5 Under the same-layer structure shown, the total projected area of ​​the antenna module is reduced, that is, it can further facilitate miniaturized design.

[0093] In one embodiment, the feed arm and the radiation arm are arranged on the same layer of the laminated component. Under this design, omnidirectional radiation can be achieved by using a single-layer structure. Since it is a single-layer structure, there is no need to punch holes across the layers when it is applied to a laminated component, and it can be set on a variety of laminated component products with only different numbers of layers. For example, it can be applied to a laminated component with only two layers, and it can be set in the interlayer of the two layers or embedded in one of the layers. Optionally, the laminated component can be a car glass. The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be set on a single layer of glass.

[0094] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the antenna module is disposed in a non-lighting area of ​​the stacked component.

[0095] For stacked components with lighting requirements, in order to avoid the negative impact of the antenna module on the lighting effect, at least a portion of the antenna module can be set in the non-lighting area of ​​the stacked component, taking into account both the antenna setting and the lighting effect.

[0096] In one embodiment, all antenna modules may be disposed in the non-lighting area of ​​the stacked assembly.

[0097] Among them, the understanding of the non-lighting area can be understood in conjunction with the lighting area expected by the user when using the stacked component. The non-lighting area can be understood as other areas outside the lighting area on the stacked component.

[0098] In one embodiment, the non-lighting area includes a black border area located at the edge of the laminated component, and the shape of the portion of the radiating arm close to the edge of the laminated component matches the shape of the edge. For example, if the black border area of ​​the edge is an arc, the radiating arm close to the edge can be set in the same arc shape. Under this routing setting, it is more conducive to setting the antenna module in the black border area, reducing or avoiding the occupation of the lighting area by the antenna module.

[0099] In one embodiment, if Fig.11 As shown, the stacked component 100 further includes: a first transparent substrate 120 and a second transparent substrate 130 .

[0100] The second transparent substrate 130 is disposed on the first transparent substrate 120 , and the second transparent substrate 130 is farther from the ambient light side than the first transparent substrate 120 ; the antenna module is disposed between the second transparent substrate 130 and the first transparent substrate 120 .

[0101] The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate refer to substrates that are light-transmissive and can provide a certain support. For example, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate can be, but are not limited to, a glass plate or a transparent polyimide (PI) plate or a transparent plastic plate, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) substrate.

[0102] The antenna module can be arranged on the first transparent substrate or on the second transparent substrate. When it is arranged between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate can protect the antenna module to prevent damage to the antenna module and increase the service life of the antenna module.

[0103] The understanding that the antenna module is disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate may include the following situations:

[0104] The antenna module is arranged on the side of the first transparent substrate close to the second transparent substrate. The antenna module is arranged on the side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate. The antenna module is embedded in the blind groove opened on the side of the first transparent substrate close to the second transparent substrate. The antenna module is embedded in the blind groove opened on the side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate. Under these settings, both the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate can protect the antenna module.

[0105] In one embodiment, when the feeding arm and the radiating arm are arranged on the same layer of the stacked component, the feeding arm, the feeding terminal and the radiating arm are all arranged on a side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate.

[0106] The feed device is usually arranged on the side of the stacked component away from the ambient light. Therefore, by placing the antenna module on the second transparent substrate on the side away from the ambient light, it is beneficial to connect with the feed source in the stacked component (the side away from the ambient light), which is beneficial to reducing the length of the feed line connecting the feed source and the feeding terminal.

[0107] The feeder can also be arranged in a non-lighting area. Optionally, the feeder can be made of transparent or semi-transparent material to reduce the negative impact on the lighting effect.

[0108] In one embodiment, the laminated component further includes: a functional layer (not shown).

[0109] The functional layer is sandwiched between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The functional layer refers to a layer structure that can support at least one function. The functional layer may include but is not limited to a dimming layer, a temperature adjustment layer, a display layer, etc.

[0110] When the feeding arm and the radiating arm are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked assembly, the feeding arm and the feeding terminal are arranged on a side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate, and the radiating arm is arranged on the functional layer.

[0111] By arranging a radiation arm on the functional layer and arranging a feeding terminal and a feeding arm on the side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate, on the one hand, it is beneficial to connect the feed source to the feeding terminal, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to reduce the distribution area of ​​the antenna module and reduce the impact on the lighting effect of the transparent stacked component.

[0112] The radiation arm can be set on the side of the functional layer away from the second transparent substrate. At this time, when viewing the display layer and other real images from the side of the second transparent substrate away from the ambient light, only the feeding terminal and the feeding arm exist before the display image, thereby reducing the impact on the image, that is, the negative impact of the antenna module on the performance of the functional layer can be reduced.

[0113] In one embodiment, if Fig.12 As shown, a vehicle 1 is provided, comprising: a vehicle body 200 and the above-mentioned laminated assembly 100 . The laminated assembly 100 is installed on the vehicle body 200 .

[0114] In one embodiment, Fig.12 As shown, the laminated assembly 100 is a skylight glass, and the antenna module is installed on the skylight glass of the vehicle 1. Since the skylight glass is mostly installed horizontally, the antenna module is arranged on the skylight glass to achieve omnidirectional communication in the horizontal direction. For the vehicle 1, the whole vehicle coverage effect is good.

[0115] In one test case, the average gain of the antenna module on the sunroof glass in the horizontal plane (theta=90°) of the Bluetooth communication frequency band was >2dBi, the non-circularity was <4dB, and the omnidirectional communication quality was good.

[0116] In one embodiment, according to communication requirements, the laminated component 100 can also be a side window glass, a windshield, etc.

[0117] As described in the above embodiments, the antenna module provided in the embodiments of the present application only needs to be provided with one on the stacked component to achieve omnidirectional communication.

[0118] When the vehicle body is large, the omnidirectional communication range can be expanded by appropriately adding antenna modules. Fig.13 As shown, two antenna modules are set at the front and rear positions of the sunroof glass (which can be set correspondingly at the dot positions shown in the figure) to achieve full coverage of the vehicle body.

[0119] According to the requirements of communication distance, four antenna modules can be symmetrically arranged on the skylight glass. For example, Figure 14-15 The rectangular arrangement shown can also be Fig.16 The diamond arrangement shown in the figure (each dot in the figure represents the installation position of the antenna module).

[0120] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0121] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0122] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that: include: Feeding terminal, used to access the excitation signal corresponding to the target frequency band; A feeding arm connected to the feeding terminal, wherein a size of the feeding arm is larger than half of the wavelength of the target frequency band; A plurality of radiating arms are distributed in a circular pattern and are coupled with the feeding arm to excite a circular current flowing along the plurality of radiating arms, so that the antenna module supports omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least a portion of the feeding arm is arranged in a serpentine shape.

3. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two ends of the feeding arm are respectively connected to two different radiation arms.

4. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the feeding arm is coupled to a gap between one of the radiating arms, and the second end of the feeding arm is coupled to a gap between another of the radiating arms.

5. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first end of the feed arm has a first coupling branch, and the angle between the first coupling branch and the radiating arm coupled to the slot is less than 90 degrees; and / or the second end of the feed arm has a second coupling branch, and the angle between the second coupling branch and the radiating arm coupled to the slot is less than 90 degrees.

6. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An impedance structure is also provided on the feeding arm, and the resonant frequency of the impedance structure matches the target frequency band.

7. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The size of the radiating arm is matched to half of the wavelength of the target frequency band to support a half-wavelength resonance mode in the target frequency band.

8. A laminated assembly, characterized in that: include: The antenna module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The stacked assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feeding arm and the radiating arm are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked component, or the feeding arm and the radiating arm are arranged on the same layer of the stacked component.

10. The stacked assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that: The stacked assembly further comprises: a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate, wherein the second transparent substrate is disposed on the first transparent substrate, and the second transparent substrate is farther from the ambient light side than the first transparent substrate; The antenna module is arranged between the second transparent substrate and the first transparent substrate.

11. The stacked assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that: The stacked assembly further comprises: a functional layer, wherein the functional layer is sandwiched between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate; When the feeding arm and the radiating arm are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked component, the feeding arm and the feeding terminal are arranged on a side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate, and the radiating arm is arranged on the functional layer.

12. A means of transport, characterized in that: include: Car body; The laminated assembly as described in any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the laminated assembly is mounted on the vehicle body.

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