Solar cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules. Comprising a battery piece body, the battery piece body is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, and the battery piece body comprises a substrate, a doping layer and a passivation layer which are stacked in sequence; the first grid line pattern area is arranged on the first surface, and first fine grids and second fine grids which extend in the first direction and are alternately arranged in the second direction are arranged in the first grid line pattern area; the protection layer comprises a first protection layer and a second protection layer which extend along a first direction and are alternately arranged along a second direction, the first protection layer comprises a plurality of first protection blocks which are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the second protection layer comprises a plurality of second protection blocks which are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the plurality of first protection blocks are overlapped with the first fine grid, and the second protection blocks are overlapped with the second fine grid; the plurality of second protection blocks are overlapped with the second fine gates; and the overlapped part of the first fine grid and the first protection block penetrates through the passivation layer and is in contact with the doping layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells are the core components of photovoltaic modules, which can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The cell includes a substrate, a doping layer and a passivation layer stacked from bottom to top. The fine grid is at least partially disposed in the passivation layer, and the fine grid can pass through the passivation layer to connect to the doping layer, forming an ohmic contact with the doping layer to collect the current generated by the cell.

[0003] In the prior art, screen printing is usually used to print fine grids on the surface of the passivation layer. The material used for printing the fine grids is a sintered material, which can burn through the passivation layer into the doping layer and form an ohmic contact with the doping layer to collect the current generated by the battery cell.

[0004] However, in the process of preparing photovoltaic modules, it is necessary to weld the welding ribbon to the fine grid to collect the current collected by the fine grid through the welding ribbon. However, when the welding ribbon is welded to the fine grid, the fine grid will be affected by heat, causing the fine grid to pass through the doping layer to reach the substrate, causing damage to the substrate and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module to solve or at least partially solve the problem existing in the prior art that when a welding ribbon is welded to a fine grid, the fine grid is easily affected by heat, causing the fine grid to pass through the doping layer to reach the substrate, causing damage to the substrate and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a solar cell, the solar cell comprising a cell body, the cell body having a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, and the cell body comprising a substrate, a doping layer and a passivation layer stacked in sequence along the direction from the second surface to the first surface; a first gate line pattern area, the first gate line pattern area is arranged on the first surface, and the first gate line pattern area has a first fine grid and a second fine grid extending along the first direction and alternately arranged along the second direction; a protective layer, the protective layer comprising a first protective layer and a second protective layer extending along the first direction and alternately arranged along the second direction, the first protective layer comprising a plurality of first protective blocks arranged at intervals along the first direction, the second protective layer comprising a plurality of second protective blocks arranged at intervals along the first direction, a plurality of the first protective blocks overlap with the first fine grid, and a plurality of the second protective blocks overlap with the second fine grid; wherein the portion where the first fine grid overlaps with the first protective block passes through the passivation layer and contacts the doping layer, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application further discloses a photovoltaic assembly, which includes an electrical connector and the solar cell sheet described in the first aspect, wherein the solar cell sheet extends along the second direction and is bonded to the protective layer.

[0009] The present application discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, wherein the solar cell comprises a cell body, wherein the cell body has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, and along the direction from the second surface to the first surface, the cell body comprises a substrate, a doping layer and a passivation layer stacked in sequence; a first grid line pattern region, wherein the first grid line pattern region is arranged on the first surface, and wherein the first grid line pattern region comprises a first fine grid and a second fine grid extending along a first direction and arranged alternately along a second direction; a protective layer, wherein the protective layer comprises a first protective layer and a second protective layer extending along the first direction and arranged alternately along the second direction, wherein the first protective layer comprises a plurality of first protective blocks arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the second protective layer comprises a plurality of second protective blocks arranged at intervals along the first direction, wherein a plurality of the first protective blocks are stacked with the first fine grid, and a plurality of the second protective blocks are stacked with the second fine grid; wherein the portion where the first fine grid and the first protective block overlap passes through the passivation layer and contacts the doping layer, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

[0010] In the solar cell disclosed in the present application, a plurality of first protection blocks overlap with the first fine grid, and the overlapped portion of the first fine grid and the first protection block passes through the passivation layer and contacts the doping layer. The overlapped portion of the first fine grid and the first protection block is protected by the first protection block to reduce the degree of heat influence on the first fine grid when the welding ribbon is welded to the first fine grid, thereby preventing the first fine grid from passing through the doping layer to reach the substrate and causing damage to the substrate, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 The structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0012] Figure 2 The structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0013] Figure 3 The structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0014] Figure 4 The structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 4 ;

[0015] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the first protection block and the first fine grid in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the first gate line pattern area in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 7 express Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at AA;

[0018] Figure 8 express Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0019] Fig. 9 A partial cross section of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Fig.10 A partial cross section of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Fig.11 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the metal particles described in the embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Fig.12 express Figure 3A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0023] Fig.13 express Fig.12 Cross-section at DD;

[0024] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the photovoltaic module described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0025] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the photovoltaic module described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0026] Fig.16 express Fig.15 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0027] Fig.17 express Fig.16 Cross-section at FF.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 10: battery cell body; 11: substrate; 12: doping layer; 121: first doping layer; 122: second doping layer; 123: spacer; 13: oxide layer; 14: passivation layer;

[0030] 20: first grid line pattern area; 21: first fine grid; 211: first connecting section; 212: first disconnecting section; 213: metal particles; 22: second fine grid; 221: second connecting section; 222: second disconnecting section;

[0031] 30: protective layer; 31: first protective layer; 311: first protective block; 32: second protective layer; 321: second protective block;

[0032] 40: second grid line pattern area; 41: third fine grid; 42: fourth fine grid; 43: collection section; 431: collection point; 432: end line;

[0033] 50: electrical connector; 51: first electrical connector; 52: second electrical connector;

[0034] 60: first insulating block; 61: second insulating block;

[0035] X: first direction; Y: second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be understood that the references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics associated with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the references to "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 , showing the structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;reference Figure 2 , showing the structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;reference Figure 3 , showing the structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;reference Figure 4 , showing the structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;reference Figure 5 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protection block and the first fine grid in an embodiment of the present application; referring to Figure 6 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first gate line pattern area in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 , showing Figure 6 Cross-section at AA; see Figure 8 , showing Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; see Fig. 9 , showing a partial cross section of a solar cell in another embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;reference Fig.10 , showing a partial cross section of a solar cell in another embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;reference Fig.11 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal particles described in the embodiment of the present application; Fig.12 , showing Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the C position in the middle; see Fig.13 , showing Fig.12 Cross-sectional view at DD in the middle.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a solar cell, the solar cell comprising a cell body 10, the cell body 10 having a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, along the direction from the second surface to the first surface, the cell body 10 comprises a substrate 11, a doping layer 12 and a passivation layer 14 stacked in sequence; a first grid line pattern area 20, the first grid line pattern area 20 is arranged on the first surface, and the first grid line pattern area 20 has a first fine grid 21 and a second fine grid 22 extending along a first direction X and alternately arranged along a second direction Y; a protective layer 30, the protective layer 30 includes a first protective layer 31 and a second protective layer 32 extending along the first direction X and alternately arranged along the second direction Y, the first protective layer 31 includes a plurality of first protective blocks 311 arranged at intervals along the first direction X, the second protective layer 32 includes a plurality of second protective blocks 321 arranged at intervals along the first direction X, the plurality of first protective blocks 311 overlap with the first fine gates 21, and the plurality of second protective blocks 321 overlap with the second fine gates 22; wherein the overlapping portion of the first fine gates 21 and the first protective blocks 311 passes through the passivation layer 14 and contacts the doping layer 12, and the second direction Y intersects with the first direction X.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a solar cell, which is the core part of a photovoltaic module and can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cell includes a cell body 10, and the cell body 10 has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other. The first surface can be the side of the cell body 10 facing the sunlight, that is, the front side. The first surface can also be the side of the cell body 10 facing away from the sunlight, that is, the back side.

[0041] When the first surface is the front side of the battery cell body 10, the second surface is the back side of the battery cell body 10. When the first surface is the back side of the battery cell body 10, the second surface is the front side of the battery cell body 10. In this regard, the embodiment of the present application does not make specific restrictions, and in actual applications, technicians can set it as needed.

[0042] The following description will be made by taking the first surface as the back side of the cell body 10 and the second surface as the front side of the cell body 10 as an example to explain the present application. In other words, the following description will be made by taking the solar cell as a back contact solar cell as an example.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, along the direction from the second surface to the first surface, the cell body 10 includes a substrate 11, a doping layer 12 and a passivation layer 14 stacked in sequence. The first grid line pattern area 20 is arranged on the first surface of the cell body 10, that is, the first grid line pattern area 20 is arranged on the passivation layer 14, so as to collect and aggregate the current generated at the corresponding position of the cell body 10 through the first grid line pattern area 20.

[0044] It can be understood that the first grid line pattern area 20 in the embodiment of the present application is arranged on the back side of the cell body 10 to avoid the front side of the cell body 10 being blocked and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell body 10. The first grid line pattern area 20 has first fine grids 21 and second fine grids 22 extending along the first direction X and arranged alternately along the second direction Y, and the first fine grids 21 and the second fine grids 22 have opposite polarities. The current generated by the cell body 10 is collected and aggregated through the first fine grids 21 and the second fine grids 22.

[0045] It should be noted that the first grid line pattern area 20 in the embodiment of the present application refers to the area occupied by the first fine grid 21 and the second fine grid 22 on the first surface of the battery cell body 10 .

[0046] The battery cell body 10 in the embodiment of the present application may be a rectangular structure, a square structure, or a quasi-rectangular structure. The quasi-rectangular structure refers to a rectangular structure with a rounded chamfer or a square chamfer, and the rounded chamfer or the square chamfer is directly connected to one side of the battery cell body 10. Of course, the battery cell body 10 may also be other shapes. In the embodiment of the present application, there are no excessive restrictions on the specific structure of the battery cell body 10.

[0047] The following will take the battery cell body 10 as a rectangular structure as an example to explain the embodiments of the present application. The first direction X can be the length direction of the battery cell body 10, or the width direction of the battery cell body 10. When the first direction X is the length direction of the battery cell body 10, the second direction Y is the width direction of the battery cell body 10. When the first direction X is the width direction of the battery cell body 10, the second direction Y is the length direction of the battery cell body 10.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the solar cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present application also includes a protective layer 30, the protective layer 30 includes a first protective layer 31 and a second protective layer 32 extending along the first direction X and alternately arranged along the second direction Y, the first protective layer 31 includes a plurality of first protective blocks 311 arranged at intervals along the first direction X, and the second protective layer 32 includes a plurality of second protective blocks 321 arranged at intervals along the first direction X.

[0049] It should be noted that the first protection block 311 and the second protection block 321 in the embodiment of the present application are both made of non-burn-through slurry and are conductive. Exemplarily, the first protection block 311 and the second protection block 321 can be made of non-burn-through silver slurry, can be made of non-burn-through copper slurry, or can be made of other conductive non-burn-through metal materials. Of course, in the embodiment of the present application, there are no excessive restrictions on the specific materials of the first protection block 311 and the second protection block 321. In actual applications, technicians can choose according to their needs.

[0050] Preferably, the metal material of the first protection block 311 and the second protection block 321 is the same as the metal material of the first fine grid 21 and the second fine grid 22 , for example, at least one of silver and copper.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of first protection blocks 311 overlap with the first fine grid 21, and the overlapped portion of the first fine grid 21 and the first protection block 311 passes through the passivation layer 14 and contacts the doping layer 12. The overlapped portion of the first fine grid 21 and the first protection block 311 is protected by the first protection block 311 to reduce the degree of heat influence on the first fine grid 21 when the first electrical connection member 51 is welded to the first fine grid 21, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0052] The first fine gate 21 in the embodiment of the present application can be made of a burn-through metal paste and has conductivity. The first fine gate 21 can burn through the passivation layer 14 and directly contact the doping layer 12 to form a metal silicide, which can make the first fine gate 21 and the doping layer 12 form an ohmic contact, thereby collecting the current generated by the substrate 11. Exemplarily, the first fine gate 21 is made of a burn-through silver paste, or the first fine gate 21 is made of a burn-through copper paste.

[0053] It should be noted that the plurality of second protection blocks 321 in the embodiment of the present application overlap with the second fine grid 22, and the portion where the second fine grid 22 overlaps with the second protection block 321 may also pass through the passivation layer 14 and contact the doping layer 12. The portion where the second fine grid 22 overlaps with the second protection block 321 is protected by the second protection block 321 to reduce the degree of heat influence on the second fine grid 22 when the second electrical connection member 52 is welded to the second fine grid 22, thereby preventing the second fine grid 22 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0054] The second fine gate 22 in the embodiment of the present application can also be made of a burn-through metal paste and has conductivity. The second fine gate 22 can burn through the passivation layer 14 and directly contact the doping layer 12 to form a metal silicide, which can make the second fine gate 22 and the doping layer 12 form an ohmic contact, thereby collecting the current generated by the substrate 11. Exemplarily, the second fine gate 22 is made of a burn-through silver paste, and the second fine gate 22 is made of a burn-through copper paste.

[0055] Optionally, the first protection block 311 in the embodiment of the present application is disposed on the passivation layer 14 and does not pass through the passivation layer 14 .

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, the first protection block 311 is arranged on the passivation layer 14 and does not pass through the passivation layer 14, so that the first protection block 311 protects the first fine grid 21 and the overlapping portion of the first protection block 311, thereby reducing the degree of heat influence on the first fine grid 21 when the first electrical connection member 51 is welded to the first fine grid 21, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0057] It can be understood that the first protection block 311 in the embodiment of the present application can be made of non-burn-through metal slurry.

[0058] Alternatively, if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, a plurality of first protection blocks 311 are arranged at intervals, a plurality of second protection blocks 321 are arranged at intervals, and the second protection blocks 321 and the first protection blocks 311 are arranged alternately.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the first fine grid 21 and the second fine grid 22 in the embodiment of the present application extend along the first direction X and are arranged alternately along the second direction Y. Along the second direction Y, a plurality of first protection blocks 311 are arranged at intervals, and each first protection block 311 overlaps with a first fine grid 21. During the preparation of the photovoltaic module, the first electrical connector 51 extends along the second direction Y and covers the plurality of first protection blocks 311, so as to protect the overlapping portion of the first fine grid 21 and the first protection block 311 through the plurality of first protection blocks 311, reduce the degree of heat influence on the first fine grid 21 when the first electrical connector 51 is welded to the first fine grid 21, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11, causing damage to the substrate 11, and ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0060] Along the second direction Y, a plurality of second protection blocks 321 are arranged at intervals, and each second protection block 321 overlaps with a second thin grid 22. During the preparation of the photovoltaic module, the second electrical connector 52 extends along the second direction Y and covers the plurality of second protection blocks 321, so that the overlapping portion of the second thin grid 22 and the second protection block 321 is protected by the plurality of second protection blocks 321, and the degree of heat influence on the second thin grid 22 when the second electrical connector 52 is welded to the second thin grid 22 is reduced, thereby preventing the second thin grid 22 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0061] During the preparation of the photovoltaic module, the first electrical connector 51 and the second electrical connector 52 both extend along the second direction Y and are alternately arranged along the first direction X. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, the second protection block 321 and the first protection block 311 are staggered and alternately arranged so that the first protection block 311 is correspondingly arranged with the first electrical connector 51, and the second protection block 321 is correspondingly arranged with the second electrical connector 52.

[0062] Alternatively, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, along the direction from the second surface toward the first surface, the first protection block 311 is stacked on the first fine gate 21 .

[0063] As an optional implementation, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, along the direction from the second surface to the first surface, the first protection block 311 can be stacked on the first fine grid 21. The first protection block 311 protects the portion of the first fine grid 21 that overlaps with the first protection block 311. The degree of heat influence on the first fine grid 21 is reduced, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0064] It should be noted that the second protection block 321 in the embodiment of the present application can also be stacked on the second fine gate 22, so that the second protection block 321 protects the overlapping portion of the second fine gate 22 and the second protection block 321, thereby reducing the degree of heat influence on the second fine gate 22, avoiding the second fine gate 22 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, it should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the overlapped portion of the first fine gate 21 and the first protection block 311 is continuous and uninterrupted. The overlapped portion of the second fine gate 22 and the second protection block 321 is continuous and uninterrupted.

[0066] Alternatively, if Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the first fine gate 21 is stacked on the first protection block 311 along the direction from the second surface to the first surface; the overlapping portion of the first fine gate 21 and the first protection block 311 passes through the first protection layer 31 and the passivation layer 14 and contacts the doping layer 12.

[0067] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, along the direction from the second surface to the first surface, the first fine grid 21 is stacked on the first protection block 311. Exemplarily, the first fine grid 21 is made of a burn-through paste, and the first protection block 311 is made of a non-burn-through material.

[0068] During the preparation of the photovoltaic module, the first fine grid 21 can burn through the first protection block 311 and the passivation layer 14, and be electrically connected to the doping layer 12 to collect the current generated by the cell body 10. Further, in the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the first protection block 311 between the first fine grid 21 and the passivation layer 14, the depth of the first fine grid 21 sintered into the doping layer 12 is less than the depth of the first fine grid 21 directly located on the passivation layer 14 sintered into the doping layer 12, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0069] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the present application, the second fine gate 22 may also be stacked on the second protective block 321 along the direction from the second surface toward the first surface, and the portion where the second fine gate 22 overlaps the second protective block 321 passes through the second protective layer 32 and the passivation layer 14 and contacts the doping layer 12.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, the second fine grid 22 is stacked on the second protection block 321 along the direction from the second surface to the first surface. Exemplarily, the second fine grid 22 is made of a burn-through slurry, and the second protection block 321 is made of a non-burn-through material.

[0071] During the preparation of the photovoltaic module, the second fine grid 22 can burn through the second protection block 321 and the passivation layer 14, and be electrically connected to the doping layer 12 to collect the current generated by the cell body 10. Further, in the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the second protection block 321 between the second fine grid 22 and the passivation layer 14, the depth of the second fine grid 22 sintered into the doping layer 12 is less than the depth of the second fine grid 22 directly located on the passivation layer 14 sintered into the doping layer 12, thereby preventing the second fine grid 22 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0072] Optionally, the first fine gate 21 in the embodiment of the present application passes through the passivation layer 14 and is at least partially embedded in the doping layer 12; the depth of the portion of the first fine gate 21 overlapping with the first protection block 311 embedded in the doping layer 12 is less than the depth of the other portions of the first fine gate 21 embedded in the doping layer 12.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, the first fine gate 21 is made of a burn-through metal material, so that the first fine gate 21 can pass through the passivation layer 14 and be at least partially embedded in the doping layer 12 .

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the depth of the portion where the first fine gate 21 overlaps with the first protection block 311 and is embedded in the doping layer 12 is set to be less than the depth where the other portions of the first fine gate 21 are embedded in the doping layer 12. This prevents the portion where the first fine gate 21 overlaps with the first protection block 311 from passing through the doping layer 12 and reaching the substrate 11, thereby damaging the substrate 11 and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In other words, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be ensured through the above-mentioned setting.

[0075] Alternatively, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first fine grid 21 in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of first connecting segments 211 spaced apart along the first direction X, a first disconnecting portion 212 is provided between two adjacent first connecting segments 211, and each first disconnecting portion 212 is arranged opposite to a second protection block 321 along the second direction Y; the second fine grid 22 includes a plurality of second connecting segments 221 spaced apart along the first direction X, a second disconnecting portion 222 is provided between two adjacent second connecting segments 221, and each second disconnecting portion 222 is arranged opposite to a first protection block 311 along the second direction Y.

[0076] As an optional implementation, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first fine grid 21 in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of first connection segments 211 spaced apart along the first direction X, and a first disconnecting portion 212 is disposed between two adjacent first connection segments 211. And along the second direction Y, each first disconnecting portion 212 is disposed opposite to a second protection block 321. In the preparation process of the photovoltaic module, the second electrical connector 52 needs to be joined to the second protection block 321, and the first disconnecting portion 212 is disposed opposite to the second protection block 321, so as to avoid the second electrical connector 52 being connected to the first fine grid 21, resulting in a short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0077] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the second fine grid 22 in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of second connection segments 221 spaced apart along the first direction X, and a second disconnecting portion 222 is disposed between two adjacent second connection segments 221. And along the second direction Y, each second disconnecting portion 222 is disposed opposite to a first protection block 311. In the preparation process of the photovoltaic module, it is necessary to engage the first electrical connector 51 with the first protection block 311, and to dispose the second disconnecting portion 222 opposite to the first protection block 311, so as to avoid the first electrical connector 51 being connected to the second fine grid 22, resulting in a short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0078] Optionally, along the first direction X, a length of the first protection block 311 and / or the second protection block 321 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the length of the first protection block 311 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm along the first direction X. In this way, the length of the first protection block 311 along the first direction X can be greater than the width of the first electrical connector 51, so as to avoid excessive thermal influence of the first electrical connector 51 on the first fine grid 21, thereby affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0080] Typically, along the first direction X, the width of the first electrical connector 51 is greater than or equal to 0.15 mm and less than or equal to 0.6 mm. Exemplarily, along the first direction X, the width of the first electrical connector 51 is 0.15 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, etc. And along the first direction X, the length of the first protective block 311 is 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the length of the second protection block 321 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm along the first direction X. In this way, the length of the second protection block 321 along the first direction X can be greater than the width of the second electrical connector 52, so as to avoid excessive thermal influence of the second electrical connector 52 on the second fine grid 22, thereby affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0082] Typically, the width of the second electrical connector 52 is greater than or equal to 0.15 mm and less than or equal to 0.6 mm along the first direction X. Exemplarily, the width of the second electrical connector 52 is 0.15 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, etc. along the first direction X. And the length of the second protective block 321 is 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc. along the first direction X.

[0083] Alternatively, if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, along the second direction Y, the width of the first protection block 311 is greater than the width of the first fine gate 21 , and the width of the second protection block 321 is greater than the width of the second fine gate 22 .

[0084] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, the width of the first protection block 311 is set to be greater than the width of the first fine grid 21, and the projection of the portion where the first fine grid 21 and the first protection block 311 overlap on the plane where the first protection block 311 is located falls into the first protection block 311. The first protection block 311 protects the first fine grid 21, reduces the degree of heat influence on the first fine grid 21, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11, causing damage to the substrate 11, and ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, the width of the second protection block 321 is set to be greater than the width of the second fine gate 22, and the projection of the portion where the second fine gate 22 and the second protection block 321 overlap on the plane where the second protection block 321 is located falls into the second protection block 321. The second protection block 321 protects the second fine gate 22, reduces the degree of heat influence on the second fine gate 22, and prevents the second fine gate 22 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11, thereby preventing the substrate 11 from being damaged, and ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0086] Optionally, along the second direction Y, the width of the first fine gate 21 and / or the second fine gate 22 is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 40 μm; the width of the first protection block 311 and / or the second protection block 321 is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 200 μm.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, the width of the first fine grid 21 is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 40 μm, and the width of the first protection block 311 is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 200 μm. Exemplarily, along the second direction Y, the width of the first fine grid 21 is 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, etc. Along the second direction Y, the width of the first protection block 311 is 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm, 160 μm, 180 μm, etc.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, the width of the second fine grid 22 is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 40 μm, and the width of the second protection block 321 is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 200 μm. Exemplarily, along the second direction Y, the width of the second fine grid 22 is 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, etc. Along the second direction Y, the width of the second protection block 321 is 80 μm, 110 μm, 130 μm, 150 μm, 170 μm, 180 μm, etc.

[0089] Optionally, the first protective layer 31 and / or the second protective layer 32 is one of a silver layer, a copper layer, a silver alloy layer and a copper alloy layer.

[0090] The first protective layer 31 and the second protective layer 32 in the embodiment of the present application are both conductive and made of non-burn-through metal paste. For example, the first protective layer 31 and the second protective layer 32 can be made of non-burn-through silver paste, non-burn-through copper paste, non-burn-through silver alloy paste, or non-burn-through copper alloy.

[0091] Of course, the above are only individual examples of specific materials for the first protective layer 31 and the second protective layer 32, and are not intended to be limiting of the present application. In actual applications, technicians can also select other non-burn-through metal slurries as needed.

[0092] Alternatively, if Figure 6 As shown, the doping layer 12 in the embodiment of the present application includes a first doping layer 121 and a second doping layer 122 extending along the first direction X and alternately arranged along the second direction Y, and along the second direction Y, there is a spacing area 123 between adjacent first doping layers 121 and second doping layers 122; each first fine gate 21 is arranged corresponding to a first doping layer 121, the first fine gate 21 passes through the passivation layer 14 and contacts with the first doping layer 121, each second fine gate 22 is arranged corresponding to a second doping layer 122, the second fine gate 22 passes through the passivation layer 14 and contacts with the second doping layer 122.

[0093] like Figure 6As shown, the doping layer 12 in the embodiment of the present application includes a first doping layer 121 and a second doping layer 122 extending along a first direction X and alternately arranged along a second direction Y, and a spacing region 123 is provided between adjacent first doping layers 121 and second doping layers 122. Among them, the first doping layer 121 is connected to an area of ​​the substrate 11, and the second doping layer 122 is connected to another area of ​​the substrate 11, so as to collect the current generated by the substrate 11 through the first doping layer 121 and the second doping layer 122. It can be understood that the first doping layer 121 and the second doping layer 122 are electrodes of the substrate 11, and the polarities of the first doping layer 121 and the second doping layer 122 are opposite.

[0094] Furthermore, the spacer 123 is disposed between the adjacent first doping layer 121 and the second doping layer 122 , and the first doping layer 121 and the second doping layer 122 can be separated by the spacer 123 to avoid a short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0095] like Figure 6 As shown, each first fine gate 21 in the embodiment of the present application is arranged corresponding to a first doping layer 121, and the first fine gate 21 can pass through the passivation layer 14 and contact the first doping layer 121 to collect the current in the first doping layer 121. Each second fine gate 22 is arranged corresponding to a second doping layer 122, and the second fine gate 22 can pass through the passivation layer 14 and contact the second doping layer 122 to collect the current in the second doping layer 122.

[0096] Alternatively, if Fig.11 As shown, there are a plurality of metal particles 213 between the overlapping portion of the first fine grid 21 and the first protection block 311 and the doping layer 12; along the thickness direction of the solar cell, one end of the metal particles 213 is embedded in the first fine grid 21, and the other end is embedded in the doping layer 12. In other words, one end of the metal particles 213 is embedded in the first fine grid 21, and the other end is embedded in the first doping layer 121.

[0097] like Fig.11 As shown, during the preparation process of the photovoltaic module, a plurality of metal particles 213 are provided between the overlapped portion of the first fine grid 21 and the first protection block 311 and the first doping layer 121, and one end of the metal particles 213 is embedded in the first fine grid 21, and the other end is embedded in the first doping layer 121. However, the metal particles 213 will not enter the substrate 11, and therefore, the metal particles 213 will not damage the substrate 11 and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0098] It should be noted that the material of the metal particles 213 in the embodiment of the present application is the same as the material of the first fine gate 21. It can be understood that the material of the first fine gate 21 is agglomerated and embedded in the first doping layer 121 to form the metal particles 213. Exemplarily, the metal particles 213 can be metal crystals. The metal particles 213 can also include the silicon material of the first doping layer 121 to form a metal silicide. In addition, the metal particles in the embodiment of the present application can be connected to the first fine gate 21, or can be separated from the first fine gate 21.

[0099] As an optional implementation, there are also multiple metal particles between the overlapping portion of the second fine gate 22 and the second protection block 321 and the doping layer 12; along the thickness direction of the solar cell, one end of the metal particles can be embedded in the second fine gate 22, and the other end can be embedded in the second doping layer 122.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, during the preparation of the photovoltaic module, metal particles are also present between the overlapped portion of the second fine grid 22 and the second protection block 321 and the second doping layer 122, and one end of the metal particles is embedded in the second fine grid 22, and the other end is embedded in the second doping layer 122. However, the metal particles will not enter the substrate 11, and therefore, the metal particles will not damage the substrate 11 and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0101] It should be noted that the material of the metal particles in the embodiment of the present application is the same as the material of the second fine gate 22. It can be understood that the material of the second fine gate 22 is agglomerated and embedded in the second doping layer 122 to form metal particles. Exemplarily, the metal particles can be metal crystals. The metal particles can also include the silicon material of the second doping layer 122 to form metal silicide. In addition, the metal particles in the embodiment of the present application can be connected to the second fine gate 22, or separated from the second fine gate 22.

[0102] Alternatively, if Fig.11 As shown, along the thickness direction of the solar cell, the metal particles 213 do not penetrate the doping layer 12 , and / or, at least an oxide layer 13 is spaced between the metal particles 213 and the substrate 11 .

[0103] like Fig.11 As shown, along the thickness direction of the solar cell, the metal particles 213 do not penetrate the doping layer 12 to prevent the metal particles 213 from passing through the doping layer 12 and reaching the substrate 11, thereby damaging the substrate 11 and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0104] Alternatively, along the thickness direction of the solar cell, an oxide layer 13 is spaced between the metal particles 213 and the substrate 11. The thickness of the oxide layer 13 is greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 3 nm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the oxide layer 13 is 1 nm, 1.5 nm, 2 nm, 2.5 nm, 3 nm, etc.

[0105] like Fig.11 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, one end of the metal particle 213 is embedded in the first fine grid 21, and the other end is embedded in the first doping layer 121, and the oxide layer 13 is spaced between the other end of the metal particle 213 and the substrate 11. In other words, the other end of the metal particle 213 is spaced from the substrate 11 by the oxide layer 13, and the metal particle 213 will not damage the substrate 11, so that the metal particle 213 can be prevented from affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0106] Optionally, the thickness of the first doping layer 121 and / or the second doping layer 122 is greater than or equal to 60 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the first doping layer 121 is greater than or equal to 60 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the first doping layer 121 is 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 140 nm, 150 nm, etc.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the second doping layer 122 is greater than or equal to 60 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm. For example, the thickness of the first doping layer 121 is 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 140 nm, 150 nm, etc.

[0109] Alternatively, if Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.12 As shown, the solar cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present application also includes: a second grid line pattern area 40, the second grid line pattern area 40 is arranged on the first surface, and along the second direction Y, the second grid line pattern area 40 is adjacent to the first grid line pattern area 20, and the second grid line pattern area 40 is located closer to the edge of the first surface; the second grid line pattern area 40 has a third fine grid 41 and a fourth fine grid 42 extending along the first direction X and alternately arranged along the second direction Y, and the second grid line pattern area 40 also has a collecting section 43, the collecting section 43 extends along the second direction Y, and the collecting section 43 is connected to the third fine grid 41 or the fourth fine grid 42; the collecting section 43 is arranged on the passivation layer and is not in direct contact with the doping layer 12.

[0110] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.12As shown, the second gridline pattern area 40 in the embodiment of the present application is also arranged on the first surface of the battery cell body 10, and along the second direction Y, the second gridline pattern area 40 is arranged adjacent to the first gridline pattern area 20. Exemplarily, along the second direction Y, the second gridline pattern area 40 is located in an area closer to the edge of the battery cell body 10 than the first gridline pattern area 20.

[0111] The second gate line pattern region 40 in the embodiment of the present application has third fine gates 41 and fourth fine gates 42 extending along the first direction X and arranged alternately along the second direction Y. The third fine gates 41 and the fourth fine gates 42 can pass through the passivation layer 14 and contact the doping layer 12 to collect the current generated by the battery cell body 10. The third fine gates 41 and the fourth fine gates 42 have opposite polarities.

[0112] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.12 As shown, the second grid line pattern area 40 also has a collection section 43, which extends along the second direction Y, and is disposed on the passivation layer 14, and the collection section 43 is not in direct contact with the doping layer 12. The collection section 43 is not in direct contact with the doping layer 12 because the collection section 43 has a large width and a large area, and cannot be disposed on a large area such as the protective layer 30 of the first grid line pattern area 20. Therefore, it is necessary that the collection section 43 does not burn through the passivation layer 14.

[0113] The collecting section 43 can be connected to the third fine grid 41 to collect the current collected by the third fine grid 41. In addition, there is a gap between the collecting section 43 and the fourth fine grid 42 to prevent the solar cell from short-circuiting. In other words, the fourth fine grid 42 is in a disconnected state at the location of the collecting section 43.

[0114] The collecting segments 43 in the embodiment of the present application include a plurality of collecting segments 43, which extend along the second direction Y and are arranged at intervals along the first direction X. When a collecting segment 43 is connected to the third fine grid 41, there is a gap between the collecting segment 43 and the fourth fine grid 42. Another collecting segment 43 adjacent to the collecting segment 43 can be connected to the fourth fine grid 42, and there is a gap between the collecting segment 43 and the third fine grid 41. Thus, the current collected by the third fine grid 41 and the fourth fine grid 42 is collected by the plurality of collecting segments 43.

[0115] The collecting section 43 in the embodiment of the present application does not burn through the passivation layer 14, so as to protect the third fine grid 41 or the fourth fine grid 42 through the collecting section 43, and reduce the degree of heat influence on the third fine grid 41 and the fourth fine grid 42 when the electrical connection member 50 is welded to the third fine grid 41 or the fourth fine grid 42, thereby preventing the third fine grid 41 or the fourth fine grid 42 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0116] Alternatively, if Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.12 As shown, the collecting section 43 includes a collecting point 431 and an end line 432 connected to the collecting point 431, and the end line 432 is connected to the side of the collecting point 431 away from the first gate line graphic area 20; the third fine gate 41 is connected to the collecting point 431 and the end line 432, and there is a gap between the fourth fine gate 42 and the collecting point 431 and the end line 432; the end line 432 and the collecting point 431 are both arranged on the passivation layer 14 and are not in direct contact with the doping layer 12.

[0117] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.12 As shown, the collection section 43 in the embodiment of the present application includes a collection point 431 and a terminal line 432 connected to the collection point 431, and the collection point 431 and the terminal line 432 are arranged along the second direction Y. Along the second direction Y, the collection point 431 is located on a side of the second grid line pattern area 40 close to the first grid line pattern area 20, and the terminal line 432 is located on a side of the second grid line pattern area 40 away from the first grid line pattern area 20.

[0118] The third fine grid 41 and the fourth fine grid 42 in the embodiment of the present application both extend along the first direction X and are alternately arranged along the second direction Y. The third fine grid 41 and the fourth fine grid 42 have different polarities. It can be understood that when the third fine grid 41 is a positive grid line, the fourth fine grid 42 is a negative grid line. When the third fine grid 41 is a negative grid line, the fourth fine grid 42 is a positive grid line.

[0119] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.12 As shown, the third fine grid 41 is connected to the collection point 431 or the terminal line 432 to collect the current collected by the third fine grid 41 through the collection point 431 and the terminal line 432. There is a gap between the fourth fine grid 42 and the collection point 431 and the terminal line 432 to prevent the solar cell from short circuiting.

[0120] It should be noted that the end wire 432 and the collection point 431 in the embodiment of the present application are both arranged on the passivation layer 14 and are not in direct contact with the doping layer 12, that is, the end wire 432 and the collection point 431 do not burn through the passivation layer 14. Therefore, the third fine grid 41 can be protected by the end wire 432 and the collection point 431, and the degree of heat influence on the third fine grid 41 when the electrical connection member 50 is welded to the third fine grid 41 is reduced, thereby preventing the third fine grid 41 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11 and causing damage to the substrate 11, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0121] Reference Fig.14 , showing a schematic diagram of the local structure of the photovoltaic module described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;reference Fig.15 , showing a schematic diagram of the local structure of the photovoltaic module described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;reference Fig.16 , showing Fig.15 The local enlarged view of E in the middle; refer to Fig.17 , showing Fig.16 Cross-section at FF.

[0122] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, an embodiment of the present application discloses a photovoltaic assembly, which includes an electrical connector 50 and the solar cell sheet in the above embodiment. The electrical connector 50 extends along the second direction Y and is bonded to the protective layer 30 .

[0123] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, the photovoltaic module disclosed in the embodiment of the present application includes the solar cell sheet and the electrical connector 50 described in the above embodiment, and the electrical connector 50 extends along the second direction Y and is connected to the protective layer 30. The portion where the first fine grid 21 overlaps with the protective layer 30 is protected by the protective layer 30, and the portion where the second fine grid 22 overlaps with the protective layer 30 is protected by the protective layer 30, so as to reduce the degree of heat influence on the first fine grid 21 or the second fine grid 22 when the electrical connector 50 is welded to the first fine grid 21 or the second fine grid 22, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 or the second fine grid 22 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11, causing damage to the substrate 11, and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0124] It should be noted that the electrical connector 50 in the embodiment of the present application is conductive, and the electrical connector 50 can transmit the current generated by the solar cell to the external circuit. Exemplarily, the electrical connector 50 can be a welding strip, and the cross-section of the welding strip can be a circular, oval, rectangular, or quasi-rectangular structure.

[0125] Alternatively, if Figures 14 to 17As shown, the electrical connector 50 in the embodiment of the present application includes a first electrical connector 51 and a second electrical connector 52. The first electrical connector 51 and the second electrical connector 52 both extend along the second direction Y and are alternately arranged along the first direction X. The first electrical connector 51 is connected to the first protective block 311, and the second electrical connector 52 is connected to the second protective block 321.

[0126] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, the first electrical connector 51 and the second electrical connector 52 in the embodiment of the present application both extend along the second direction Y and are arranged alternately along the first direction X. The first electrical connector 51 is coupled to the first protection block 311 so as to protect the portion of the first fine grid 21 overlapping the first protection block 311 through the first protection block 311. When the first electrical connector 51 is welded to the first fine grid 21, the degree of heat influence on the first fine grid 21 is reduced, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11, causing damage to the substrate 11 and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0127] Furthermore, the second electrical connector 52 is joined to the second protection block 321, so as to protect the overlapped portion of the second fine grid 22 and the second protection block 321 through the second protection block 321. When the second electrical connector 52 is welded to the second fine grid 22, the heat effect on the second fine grid 22 is reduced, thereby preventing the second fine grid 22 from passing through the doping layer 12 to reach the substrate 11, causing damage to the substrate 11, and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0128] Alternatively, if Figures 14 to 17 As shown, a first insulating block 60 is provided at the connection between the first fine grid 21 and the second electrical connector 52 , and a second insulating block 61 is provided at the connection between the second fine grid 22 and the first electrical connector 51 .

[0129] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, a first insulating block 60 is provided at the connection between the first fine grid 21 and the second electrical connector 52, so as to block the first fine grid 21 and the second electrical connector 52 through the first insulating block 60, thereby preventing the first fine grid 21 from being connected to the second electrical connector 52, thereby preventing a short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present application, a second insulating block 61 is provided at the connection between the second fine grid 22 and the first electrical connector 51 to block the second fine grid 22 and the first electrical connector 51 through the second insulating block 61, thereby preventing the second fine grid 22 from being connected to the first electrical connector 51 and causing a short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0131] Alternatively, if Figures 14 to 17As shown, along the second direction Y, the second insulating block 61 is located between two adjacent first protection blocks 311, and the width of the second insulating block 61 is less than or equal to the distance between the two adjacent first protection blocks 311; along the second direction Y, the first insulating block 60 is located between two adjacent second protection blocks 321, and the width of the first insulating block 60 is less than or equal to the distance between the two adjacent second protection blocks 321.

[0132] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, the second insulating block 61 is located between two adjacent first protection blocks 311, and along the second direction Y, the width of the second insulating block 61 is less than or equal to the distance between two adjacent first protection blocks 311. This prevents the second insulating block 61 from affecting the reliability of the connection between the first fine grid 21 and the first electrical connector 51, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photoelectric component.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction Y, the first insulating block 60 is located between two adjacent second protection blocks 321, and along the second direction Y, the width of the first insulating block 60 is less than or equal to the distance between two adjacent second protection blocks 321. This prevents the arrangement of the first insulating block 60 from affecting the reliability of the connection between the second fine grid 22 and the second electrical connector 52, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0134] Alternatively, if Figures 14 to 17 As shown, along the first direction X, the length of the first protection block 311 is greater than the width of the first electrical connector 51 , and the length of the second protection block 321 is greater than the width of the second electrical connector 52 .

[0135] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, along the first direction X, the length of the first protection block 311 is set to be greater than the width of the first electrical connector 51 to avoid the first electrical connector 51 from contacting the first fine grid 21, resulting in excessive thermal impact of the first electrical connector 51 on the first fine grid 21, thereby affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0136] In the embodiment of the present application, along the first direction X, the length of the second protection block 321 is set to be greater than the width of the second electrical connector 52 to prevent the second electrical connector 52 from contacting the second fine grid 22, resulting in excessive thermal impact of the second electrical connector 52 on the second fine grid 22, thereby affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0137] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0138] Although the optional embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including optional embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity from another entity, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or terminal device including the elements.

[0140] The technical solution provided by the present invention is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation mode of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the principle and implementation mode of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: include: A cell body, the cell body having a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, and in a direction from the second surface to the first surface, the cell body comprising a substrate, a doping layer and a passivation layer stacked in sequence; A first gate line pattern region, the first gate line pattern region is disposed on the first surface, and the first gate line pattern region has first fine grids and second fine grids extending along a first direction and alternately arranged along a second direction; a protective layer, the protective layer comprising a first protective layer and a second protective layer extending along the first direction and alternately arranged along the second direction, the first protective layer comprising a plurality of first protective blocks arranged at intervals along the first direction, the second protective layer comprising a plurality of second protective blocks arranged at intervals along the first direction, a plurality of the first protective blocks overlapping the first fine gates, and a plurality of the second protective blocks overlapping the second fine gates; The portion where the first fine gate overlaps with the first protection block passes through the passivation layer and contacts the doping layer, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protection block is disposed on the passivation layer and does not pass through the passivation layer.

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, a plurality of the first protection blocks are arranged at intervals, a plurality of the second protection blocks are arranged at intervals, and the second protection blocks and the first protection blocks are arranged alternately and staggered.

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along a direction from the second surface toward the first surface, the first protection block is stacked on the first fine grid.

5. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction from the second surface to the first surface, the first fine grid is stacked on the first protection block; A portion of the first fine gate overlapping the first protection block passes through the first protection layer and the passivation layer and contacts the doping layer.

6. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fine gates all pass through the passivation layer and are at least partially embedded in the doping layer; A portion of the first fine gate overlapping the first protection block is embedded in the doping layer at a depth that is less than a depth of other portions of the first fine gate embedded in the doping layer.

7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fine grid includes a plurality of first connecting segments spaced apart along the first direction, a first disconnecting portion is disposed between two adjacent first connecting segments, and each of the first disconnecting portions is disposed opposite to one of the second protection blocks along the second direction; The second fine grid includes a plurality of second connecting segments spaced apart along the first direction, a second disconnecting portion is disposed between two adjacent second connecting segments, and each second disconnecting portion is disposed opposite to one of the first protection blocks along the second direction.

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the first direction, a length of the first protection block and / or the second protection block is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm.

9. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, the width of the first protection block is greater than the width of the first fine grid, and the width of the second protection block is greater than the width of the second fine grid.

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the second direction, a width of the first fine grid and / or the second fine grid is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 40 μm; A width of the first protection block and / or the second protection block is greater than or equal to 80 μm and less than or equal to 200 μm.

11. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective layer and / or the second protective layer is one of a silver layer, a copper layer, a silver alloy layer and a copper alloy layer.

12. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The doping layer comprises a first doping layer and a second doping layer extending along the first direction and arranged alternately along the second direction, and a spacing region is provided between adjacent first doping layers and second doping layers along the second direction; Each of the first fine gates is arranged corresponding to one of the first doped layers, passes through the passivation layer and contacts the first doped layer, and each of the second fine gates is arranged corresponding to one of the second doped layers, passes through the passivation layer and contacts the second doped layer.

13. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of metal particles between the overlapping portion of the first fine gate and the first protection block and the doping layer; Along the thickness direction of the solar cell sheet, one end of the metal particles is embedded in the first fine grid, and the other end is embedded in the doping layer.

14. The solar cell according to claim 13, characterized in that: Along the thickness direction of the solar cell, the metal particles do not penetrate the doping layer, and / or there is at least an oxide layer between the metal particles and the substrate.

15. The solar cell according to claim 14, characterized in that: The thickness of the oxide layer is greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 3 nm.

16. The solar cell according to claim 12, characterized in that: The thickness of the first doping layer and / or the second doping layer is greater than or equal to 60 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm.

17. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar cell further comprises: a second grid line pattern region, the second grid line pattern region being disposed on the first surface, the second grid line pattern region being disposed adjacent to the first grid line pattern region along the second direction, and the second grid line pattern region being located closer to an edge of the first surface; The second grid line pattern region includes a third fine grid and a fourth fine grid extending along the first direction and arranged alternately along the second direction, and the second grid line pattern region also includes a collecting segment, the collecting segment extending along the second direction, and the collecting segment is connected to the third fine grid or the fourth fine grid; The collecting section is disposed on the passivation layer and is not in direct contact with the doping layer.

18. The solar cell according to claim 17, characterized in that: The collecting section includes a collecting point and a terminal line connected to the collecting point, wherein the terminal line is connected to a side of the collecting point away from the first grid line pattern area; The third fine grid is connected to the collection point and the terminal line, and there is a gap between the fourth fine grid and the collection point and the terminal line; The terminal line and the collection point are both arranged on the passivation layer and are not in direct contact with the doping layer.

19. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrical connector and the solar cell sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the electrical connector extends along the second direction and is bonded to the protective layer.

20. The photovoltaic module according to claim 19, characterized in that: The electrical connector includes a first electrical connector and a second electrical connector, The first electrical connector and the second electrical connector both extend along the second direction and are alternately arranged along the first direction. The first electrical connector is connected to the first protection block, and the second electrical connector is connected to the second protection block.

21. The photovoltaic module according to claim 20, characterized in that: A first insulating block is disposed at a connection between the first fine grid and the second electrical connector, and a second insulating block is disposed at a connection between the second fine grid and the first electrical connector.

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