Crop growth monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a crop growth monitoring system and method, and the system comprises a control host which is connected with a soil moisture content monitoring module, a water pumping module, a dispensing mechanism, a crop disease monitoring module, and a crop growth monitoring module. The medicine dispensing mechanism is connected with mixing equipment and a farmland spraying mechanism, the water pumping module is connected with a conveying pipeline, the water conveying pipeline is connected with the mixing equipment and the farmland spraying mechanism, and electromagnetic valves are arranged between the water conveying pipeline and the mixing equipment and between the water conveying pipeline and the farmland spraying mechanism. The monitoring system is connected with a soil moisture content monitoring module, a crop disease monitoring module and a crop growth monitoring module, the soil moisture content can be monitored in real time through the soil moisture content monitoring module, and timely treatment is carried out when the soil moisture content goes wrong; meanwhile, the crop disease monitoring module can judge whether the crops suffer from diseases or not and treat the crops according to the disease conditions, so that the crops can grow healthily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop monitoring, and in particular to a crop growth monitoring system and method. Background Art

[0002] In order to better grasp the growth status of crops, the growth status of crops is now monitored in some high-standard farmlands, so that staff can understand the growth status of crops in real time through terminal equipment and formulate scientific response measures based on the growth status of crops.

[0003] The Chinese patent authorization announcement number CN209690956U discloses a crop growth monitoring system based on RFID. On the one hand, multiple RFID tags are used at different heights of the pole, and the RFID module is used to obtain the RSSI values ​​of tags at different heights to describe the growth status of the plant. Plants are planted between the pole with the RFID tag and the RFID antenna. It has strong operability and low cost. The terminal server uses a computer to process the RSSI value data of the RFID tag to monitor the growth of the plant in real time. According to the RSSI value of each plant in different time periods, the RSSI value is made into a chart, a curve chart, etc. by a computer to show the growth status of the plants at the monitoring point, so as to analyze and predict the growth trend of the plants. This crop growth monitoring system has low cost, simple and fast operation, studies the correlation between the change of the RSSI value of the RFID tag and the growth status of the crop, realizes the timely monitoring of the growth status of the crop, and provides technical support for agricultural production decision-making.

[0004] The growth status of crops is closely related to their light intensity, temperature, soil moisture and whether they are diseased. Although the crop growth monitoring system provided by the above patent can monitor the growth status of crops in real time, it cannot monitor the light intensity, temperature, soil moisture and whether the crops are diseased. It has a monitoring lag and cannot help production personnel formulate response measures in time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crop growth monitoring system and method, aiming to improve the problem that the existing monitoring system cannot monitor the light intensity, temperature, soil moisture and whether there are diseases on the crops, and has a monitoring lag.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a crop growth monitoring system, including a control host, the control host is connected to a soil moisture monitoring module, a pumping module, a dispensing mechanism, a crop disease monitoring module and a crop growth monitoring module; the dispensing mechanism is connected to a mixing device and a farmland spraying mechanism, the pumping module is connected to a delivery pipeline, the water delivery pipeline is connected to the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism, and solenoid valves are provided between the water delivery pipeline and the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the control host is connected to a light intensity monitoring module and an air temperature monitoring module, and the light intensity monitoring module and the air temperature monitoring module are used to monitor the light intensity and air temperature of the area where the farmland is located.

[0009] Preferably, the control host is connected to a battery, the battery is connected to a photovoltaic power generation mechanism, the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation mechanism is stored inside the battery, and the battery is supplied to the control host.

[0010] Preferably, the crop disease monitoring module includes a picture feature extraction unit, a picture data processing unit, a disease processing database and an image acquisition device; the image acquisition device is used to acquire images of crops, the picture feature extraction unit is used to extract features in the crop images, the disease processing database is used to store image data of crop diseases and corresponding processing solutions, and the picture data processing unit is used to process the extracted image features and compare them with the disease image data in the disease processing database to determine the type of disease acquired by the crop.

[0011] Preferably, the crop growth monitoring module includes a remote sensing satellite monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, an NDVI image value processing unit and a crop growth database. The remote sensing satellite monitoring unit cooperates with the image acquisition unit to perform remote sensing monitoring of crops in a certain area and to acquire images of the monitored area. The NDVI image value processing unit is used to calculate the NDVI image value in the acquired picture. The crop growth database stores the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years. The NDVI image values ​​in the acquired pictures are compared with the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years to determine whether the crop growth is within a normal range.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for monitoring crop growth is provided, and the specific steps of the monitoring method are as follows:

[0013] S100, soil moisture monitoring modules and crop disease monitoring modules are evenly arranged in the area where the farmland is located; and a spraying mechanism is laid in the farmland, and a dispensing mechanism and a mixing device are installed at the feeding end of the spraying mechanism; and at the same time, a pumping module cooperates with a water delivery pipeline to be connected with the mixing device and the feeding end of the farmland spraying mechanism;

[0014] S200, after each module and mechanism is installed in place, the soil moisture monitoring module and the crop disease monitoring module, the pumping module, the dispensing mechanism and the mixing device are connected to the control host, and the control host and each module and mechanism are powered on, and each module and mechanism is debugged by the control host to see if it is operating normally;

[0015] S300, after debugging is completed, the control host is used to monitor the moisture of the farmland soil and whether the crops are diseased in real time through the soil moisture monitoring module and the crop disease monitoring module; at the same time, the control host is used to cooperate with the crop growth monitoring module to perform remote sensing monitoring of the crops through remote sensing technology; and the monitoring data is fed back to the control host;

[0016] S400, when the data monitored by the soil moisture monitoring module is lower than the threshold, the data will be transmitted to the control host, and the staff will control the pumping module through the control host and transport it to the farmland spraying mechanism through the water pipeline, and irrigate the farmland through the farmland spraying mechanism;

[0017] S500. When the crop disease monitoring module detects that the crops are suffering from diseases, it will determine the situation of the crops suffering from diseases. The staff controls the dispensing mechanism, the mixing equipment and the farmland spraying mechanism to spray pesticides on the crop tray according to the situation of the crop diseases through the control host.

[0018] Preferably, in step S100, when installing various components, the light intensity monitoring module and the air temperature monitoring module are also evenly installed in the farmland, and the cables of the light intensity monitoring module and the air temperature monitoring module are introduced near the host to wait for connection with the host.

[0019] Preferably, in step S200, before energizing the control host and each module and mechanism, it is necessary to first lay a photovoltaic power generation mechanism and connect the photovoltaic power generation mechanism to a battery. The photovoltaic power generation mechanism is installed in an area with sufficient sunlight, and the generated electricity is stored in the battery, and the entire monitoring system is powered by the battery.

[0020] Preferably, the triggering steps for farmland irrigation in S400 are as follows:

[0021] S410, the soil moisture monitoring module monitors the soil moisture in real time, and feeds back the measured soil moisture to the control host;

[0022] S420, the control host receives the soil moisture data and determines whether the soil relative humidity is lower than 40%. If the soil relative humidity is lower than 40%, the control host determines that the soil is dry;

[0023] S430, after the control host determines that the soil is dry, the control host controls the pumping module to start pumping water, and directly supplies water to the farmland spraying mechanism through the transmission pipeline, and the farmland spraying mechanism sprays the soil;

[0024] S440. During the spraying process, the soil moisture monitoring module still measures the soil moisture in real time and feeds back the soil moisture data to the control host. The control host determines whether the soil moisture is higher than 80%. When the soil moisture is lower than 80%, the pumping module will continue to operate. When the soil moisture is higher than 80%, the operation of the farmland spraying mechanism will be terminated and the pumping module will be stopped.

[0025] Preferably, the disease treatment steps in S500 are as follows:

[0026] S510, collecting images of crops through an image collection device of a crop disease monitoring module, extracting features from the collected images, and determining whether the crops have diseases based on the extracted features;

[0027] S520, substituting the area d1 of the disease feature extracted from the image and the area d2 on the crop leaf into the formula: Where A is the percentage of the disease on the crop leaves;

[0028] S530, when A is greater than 30%, the crop disease monitoring module will compare the disease image with the disease image in the disease processing database to determine the type of disease;

[0029] S540, extracting a treatment plan for the corresponding disease from a disease treatment database according to the type of the disease, and then feeding back the treatment plan to the control host;

[0030] S540, the control host controls the dispensing mechanism to dispense medicine according to the processing plan, and introduces the dispensed medicine into the mixing device. At the same time, the control host controls the pumping module to inject an appropriate amount of water into the mixing device, and fully mixes the medicine and water through the mixing device. Finally, the mixing device pumps the medicine to the farmland spraying mechanism, and sprays pesticides on crops through the farmland spraying mechanism to achieve the purpose of resisting crop diseases.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The monitoring system is connected with a soil moisture monitoring module, a crop disease monitoring module and a crop growth monitoring module. The soil moisture monitoring module can monitor the soil moisture in real time and deal with the soil moisture problem in a timely manner; at the same time, the crop disease monitoring module can determine whether the crops are diseased, and deal with the crops according to the disease situation to ensure that the crops can grow healthily; and the crop growth monitoring module can use the remote sensing WeChat monitoring unit to conduct large-scale remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area, and process the collected images as NDVI image values, and compare the NDVI image values ​​with the NDVI image values ​​of crops in previous years to determine whether the growth of crops is normal.

[0033] 2. The monitoring system control host is connected to a light intensity monitoring module and an air temperature monitoring module, which is convenient for monitoring the light intensity and air temperature within the growing range of crops, so as to serve as data for determining whether the crops are growing normally.

[0034] 3. The monitoring system is equipped with batteries and photovoltaic power generation mechanisms. The cooperation of photovoltaic power generation mechanisms and batteries can fully utilize solar energy for power generation and save energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the monitoring system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a crop disease monitoring module of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of the crop growth monitoring module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a flow chart of the monitoring method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the algorithm for farmland irrigation of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the algorithm for spraying pesticides on crops according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a crop growth monitoring system includes a control host, which is connected to a soil moisture monitoring module, a pumping module, a dispensing mechanism, a crop disease monitoring module and a crop growth monitoring module; the soil moisture monitoring module is convenient for real-time monitoring of soil moisture. The pumping module is convenient for pumping water to irrigate farmland. The crop disease monitoring module is convenient for monitoring and treating crop diseases; the crop growth monitoring module is convenient for real-time monitoring of crop growth. The dispensing mechanism is connected to a mixing device and a farmland spraying mechanism, the pumping module is connected to a delivery pipeline, the water delivery pipeline is connected to the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism, and solenoid valves are provided between the water delivery pipeline and the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism; the dispensing mechanism is convenient for dispensing medicine according to the disease situation, and spraying the prepared medicine on the crops through the farmland spraying mechanism; the mixing device is convenient for fully mixing the prepared medicine and water.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the crop disease monitoring module includes a picture feature extraction unit, a picture data processing unit, a disease processing database and an image acquisition device; the image acquisition device is used to collect images of crops, the picture feature extraction unit is used to extract features in the crop images, the disease processing database is used to store image data of crop diseases and corresponding processing solutions, and the picture data processing unit is used to process the extracted image features and compare them with the disease image data in the disease processing database to determine the type of disease acquired by the crop.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the crop growth monitoring module includes a remote sensing satellite monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, an NDVI image value processing unit and a crop growth database. The remote sensing satellite monitoring unit cooperates with the image acquisition unit to perform remote sensing monitoring of crops in a certain area and to acquire images of the monitored area. The NDVI image value processing unit is used to calculate the NDVI image value in the acquired picture. The crop growth database stores the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years. By comparing the NDVI image values ​​in the acquired pictures with the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years, it is determined whether the crop growth is within a normal range.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, a crop growth monitoring system includes a control host, which is connected to a soil moisture monitoring module, a pumping module, a dispensing mechanism, a crop disease monitoring module and a crop growth monitoring module; the soil moisture monitoring module is convenient for real-time monitoring of soil moisture. The pumping module is convenient for pumping water to irrigate farmland. The crop disease monitoring module is convenient for monitoring and treating crop diseases; the crop growth monitoring module is convenient for real-time monitoring of crop growth. The dispensing mechanism is connected to a mixing device and a farmland spraying mechanism, the pumping module is connected to a delivery pipeline, the water delivery pipeline is connected to the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism, and solenoid valves are provided between the water delivery pipeline and the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism; the dispensing mechanism is convenient for dispensing medicine according to the disease situation, and spraying the prepared medicine on the crops through the farmland spraying mechanism; the mixing device is convenient for fully mixing the prepared medicine and water.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the control host is connected to a light intensity monitoring module and an air temperature monitoring module, which are used to monitor the light intensity and air temperature of the farmland area. The control host is connected to a battery, which is connected to a photovoltaic power generation mechanism. The power generated by the photovoltaic power generation mechanism is stored in the battery and supplied to the control host by the battery.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the crop disease monitoring module includes a picture feature extraction unit, a picture data processing unit, a disease processing database and an image acquisition device; the image acquisition device is used to collect images of crops, the picture feature extraction unit is used to extract features in the crop images, the disease processing database is used to store image data of crop diseases and corresponding processing solutions, and the picture data processing unit is used to process the extracted image features and compare them with the disease image data in the disease processing database to determine the type of disease acquired by the crop.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the crop growth monitoring module includes a remote sensing satellite monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, an NDVI image value processing unit and a crop growth database. The remote sensing satellite monitoring unit cooperates with the image acquisition unit to perform remote sensing monitoring of crops in a certain area and to acquire images of the monitored area. The NDVI image value processing unit is used to calculate the NDVI image value in the acquired picture. The crop growth database stores the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years. By comparing the NDVI image values ​​in the acquired pictures with the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years, it is determined whether the crop growth is within a normal range.

[0052] Working principle: When in use, the control host will control the soil moisture monitoring module, the crop disease monitoring module and the crop growth monitoring module to monitor the status of crops in real time, and assist in monitoring the light intensity and air temperature, and determine whether the growth status of crops is normal by comparing various data. When the soil moisture is too low, the control host will identify it, and the staff will control the pumping module through the control host so that the pumping module sprays water on the farmland. When crops are diseased, the staff can control the dispensing mechanism and mixing equipment through the control host to prepare the medicine, and spray it on the crops through the farmland spraying mechanism. Compared with the existing technology, the monitoring system applied for by our company is connected with a soil moisture monitoring module, a crop disease monitoring module and a crop growth monitoring module. The soil moisture monitoring module can monitor the soil moisture in real time and deal with the problems in the soil moisture in a timely manner; at the same time, the crop disease monitoring module can determine whether the crops are diseased, and deal with the crops according to the disease situation to ensure the healthy growth of the crops; and the crop growth monitoring module can use the remote sensing WeChat monitoring unit to conduct large-scale remote sensing monitoring of the crops in the area, and process the collected images as NDVI image values, and compare the NDVI image values ​​with the NDVI image values ​​of crops in previous years to determine whether the growth of crops is normal.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a method for monitoring crop growth is provided, and the specific steps of the monitoring method are as follows:

[0055] S100. Soil moisture monitoring modules and crop disease monitoring modules are evenly arranged in the area where the farmland is located; a spraying mechanism is laid in the farmland, and a dispensing mechanism and a mixing device are installed at the feeding end of the spraying mechanism; at the same time, the pumping module cooperates with the water pipeline to connect with the mixing device and the feeding end of the farmland spraying mechanism; when installing each component, the light intensity monitoring module and the air temperature monitoring module are also evenly installed in the farmland, and the cables of the light intensity monitoring module and the air temperature monitoring module are introduced near the main unit to wait for connection with the main unit.

[0056] S200. After each module and mechanism is installed in place, the soil moisture monitoring module, the crop disease monitoring module, the pumping module, the dispensing mechanism and the mixing equipment are connected to the control host, and the control host and each module and mechanism are powered on. The control host is used to debug whether each module and mechanism operates normally. Before the control host and each module and mechanism are powered on, a photovoltaic power generation mechanism needs to be laid first, and the photovoltaic power generation mechanism is connected to a battery. The photovoltaic power generation mechanism is installed in a sunny area, and the generated electricity is stored in the battery, and the entire monitoring system is powered by the battery.

[0057] S300, after debugging is completed, the control host is used to monitor the moisture of the farmland soil and whether the crops are diseased in real time through the soil moisture monitoring module and the crop disease monitoring module; at the same time, the control host is used to cooperate with the crop growth monitoring module to perform remote sensing monitoring of the crops through remote sensing technology; and the monitoring data is fed back to the control host;

[0058] S400, when the data monitored by the soil moisture monitoring module is lower than the threshold, the data will be transmitted to the control host, and the staff will control the pumping module through the control host and transport it to the farmland spraying mechanism through the water pipeline, and irrigate the farmland through the farmland spraying mechanism;

[0059] The steps to trigger farmland irrigation are as follows:

[0060] S410, the soil moisture monitoring module monitors the soil moisture in real time, and feeds back the measured soil moisture to the control host;

[0061] S420, the control host receives the soil moisture data and determines whether the soil relative humidity is lower than 40%. If the soil relative humidity is lower than 40%, the control host determines that the soil is dry;

[0062] S430, after the control host determines that the soil is dry, the control host controls the pumping module to start pumping water, and directly supplies water to the farmland spraying mechanism through the transmission pipeline, and the farmland spraying mechanism sprays the soil;

[0063] S440. During the spraying process, the soil moisture monitoring module still measures the soil moisture in real time and feeds back the soil moisture data to the control host. The control host determines whether the soil moisture is higher than 80%. When the soil moisture is lower than 80%, the pumping module will continue to operate. When the soil moisture is higher than 80%, the operation of the farmland spraying mechanism will be terminated and the pumping module will be stopped.

[0064] S500, when the crop disease monitoring module detects that the crop is suffering from a disease, it will determine the situation of the crop suffering from the disease, and the staff will control the dispensing mechanism, the mixing equipment and the farmland spraying mechanism to spray pesticides on the crop tray according to the situation of the crop disease through the control host;

[0065] The steps to treat the disease are as follows:

[0066] S510, collecting images of crops through an image collection device of a crop disease monitoring module, extracting features from the collected images, and determining whether the crops have diseases based on the extracted features;

[0067] S520, substituting the area d1 of the disease feature extracted from the image and the area d2 on the crop leaf into the formula: Where A is the percentage of the disease on the crop leaves;

[0068] S530, when A is greater than 30%, the crop disease monitoring module will compare the disease image with the disease image in the disease processing database to determine the type of disease;

[0069] S540, extracting a treatment plan for the corresponding disease from a disease treatment database according to the type of the disease, and then feeding back the treatment plan to the control host;

[0070] S540, the control host controls the dispensing mechanism to dispense medicine according to the processing plan, and introduces the dispensed medicine into the mixing device. At the same time, the control host controls the pumping module to inject an appropriate amount of water into the mixing device, and fully mixes the medicine and water through the mixing device. Finally, the mixing device pumps the medicine to the farmland spraying mechanism, and sprays pesticides on crops through the farmland spraying mechanism to achieve the purpose of resisting crop diseases.

[0071] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crop growth monitoring system, comprising a control host, characterized in that: The control host is connected to a soil moisture monitoring module, a pumping module, a dispensing mechanism, a crop disease monitoring module and a crop growth monitoring module; the dispensing mechanism is connected to a mixing device and a farmland spraying mechanism, the pumping module is connected to a delivery pipeline, the water delivery pipeline is connected to the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism, and solenoid valves are provided between the water delivery pipeline and the mixing device and the farmland spraying mechanism.

2. A crop growth monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control host is connected to a light intensity monitoring module and an air temperature monitoring module, which are used to monitor the light intensity and air temperature of the area where the farmland is located.

3. A crop growth monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control host is connected to a battery, and the battery is connected to a photovoltaic power generation mechanism. The power generated by the photovoltaic power generation mechanism is stored inside the battery and supplied to the control host by the battery.

4. A crop growth monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crop disease monitoring module includes a picture feature extraction unit, a picture data processing unit, a disease processing database and an image acquisition device; the image acquisition device is used to collect images of crops, the picture feature extraction unit is used to extract features in crop images, the disease processing database is used to store image data of crop diseases and corresponding processing solutions, and the picture data processing unit is used to process the extracted image features and compare them with the disease image data in the disease processing database to determine the type of disease acquired by the crop.

5. A crop growth monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crop growth monitoring module includes a remote sensing satellite monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, an NDVI image value processing unit and a crop growth database. The remote sensing satellite monitoring unit cooperates with the image acquisition unit to perform remote sensing monitoring of crops in a certain area and to acquire images of the monitored area. The NDVI image value processing unit is used to calculate the NDVI image value in the acquired picture. The crop growth database stores the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years. By comparing the NDVI image values ​​in the acquired pictures with the NDVI image values ​​of remote sensing monitoring of crops in the area in previous years, it is possible to determine whether the crop growth is within a normal range.

6. A method for monitoring crop growth, using the crop growth monitoring system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of this monitoring method are as follows: S100, soil moisture monitoring modules and crop disease monitoring modules are evenly arranged in the area where the farmland is located; and a spraying mechanism is laid in the farmland, and a dispensing mechanism and a mixing device are installed at the feeding end of the spraying mechanism; and at the same time, a pumping module cooperates with a water delivery pipeline to be connected with the mixing device and the feeding end of the farmland spraying mechanism; S200, after each module and mechanism is installed in place, the soil moisture monitoring module and the crop disease monitoring module, the pumping module, the dispensing mechanism and the mixing device are connected to the control host, and the control host and each module and mechanism are powered on, and each module and mechanism is debugged by the control host to see if it is operating normally; S300, after debugging is completed, the control host is used to monitor the moisture of the farmland soil and whether the crops are diseased in real time through the soil moisture monitoring module and the crop disease monitoring module; at the same time, the control host is used to cooperate with the crop growth monitoring module to perform remote sensing monitoring of the crops through remote sensing technology; and the monitoring data is fed back to the control host; S400, when the data monitored by the soil moisture monitoring module is lower than the threshold, the data will be transmitted to the control host, and the staff will control the pumping module through the control host and transport it to the farmland spraying mechanism through the water pipeline, and irrigate the farmland through the farmland spraying mechanism; S500. When the crop disease monitoring module detects that the crops are suffering from diseases, it will determine the situation of the crops suffering from diseases. The staff controls the dispensing mechanism, the mixing equipment and the farmland spraying mechanism to spray pesticides on the crop tray according to the situation of the crop diseases through the control host.

7. A method for monitoring crop growth according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S100, when installing various components, the light intensity monitoring module and the air temperature monitoring module are also evenly installed in the farmland, and the cables of the light intensity monitoring module and the air temperature monitoring module are introduced near the host to wait for connection with the host.

8. A method for monitoring crop growth according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before powering on the control host and each module and mechanism in step S200, it is necessary to lay a photovoltaic power generation mechanism and connect the photovoltaic power generation mechanism to a battery. The photovoltaic power generation mechanism is installed in an area with sufficient sunlight, and the generated electricity is stored in the battery, and the entire monitoring system is powered by the battery.

9. A method for monitoring crop growth according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for triggering farmland irrigation in S400 are as follows: S410, the soil moisture monitoring module monitors the soil moisture in real time, and feeds back the measured soil moisture to the control host; S420, the control host receives the soil moisture data and determines whether the soil relative humidity is lower than 40%. If the soil relative humidity is lower than 40%, the control host determines that the soil is dry; S430, after the control host determines that the soil is dry, the control host controls the pumping module to start pumping water, and directly supplies water to the farmland spraying mechanism through the transmission pipeline, and the farmland spraying mechanism sprays the soil; S440. During the spraying process, the soil moisture monitoring module still measures the soil moisture in real time and feeds back the soil moisture data to the control host. The control host determines whether the soil moisture is higher than 80%. When the soil moisture is lower than 80%, the pumping module will continue to operate. When the soil moisture is higher than 80%, the operation of the farmland spraying mechanism will be terminated and the pumping module will be stopped.

10. A method for monitoring crop growth according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for treating the disease in S500 are as follows: S510, collecting images of crops through an image collection device of a crop disease monitoring module, extracting features from the collected images, and determining whether the crops have diseases based on the extracted features; S520, substituting the area d1 of the disease feature extracted from the image and the area d2 on the crop leaf into the formula: Where A is the percentage of the disease on the crop leaves; S530, when A is greater than 30%, the crop disease monitoring module will compare the disease image with the disease image in the disease processing database to determine the type of disease; S540, extracting a treatment plan for the corresponding disease from a disease treatment database according to the type of the disease, and then feeding back the treatment plan to the control host; S540, the control host controls the dispensing mechanism to dispense medicine according to the processing plan, and introduces the dispensed medicine into the mixing device. At the same time, the control host controls the pumping module to inject an appropriate amount of water into the mixing device, and fully mixes the medicine and water through the mixing device. Finally, the mixing device pumps the medicine to the farmland spraying mechanism, and sprays pesticides on crops through the farmland spraying mechanism to achieve the purpose of resisting crop diseases.

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