An electrically assisted spinning forming apparatus and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of spinning forming, in particular to an electric auxiliary spinning forming device and method, which comprises a clamping assembly arranged on a machine tool and used for clamping a metal blank, a workpiece forming assembly arranged on the machine tool and used for spinning plastic processing of the metal blank, and a current applying mechanism arranged on the workpiece forming assembly and in close contact with the metal blank, the workpiece forming assembly can drive the current applying mechanism to move synchronously so as to perform electric heating treatment on the metal blank. The application can introduce pulse current into a spinning plastic deformation area, can effectively inhibit electric spark discharge in the contact area of the current applying mechanism and the blank, can significantly reduce the temperature gradient existing in each part of the blank, and can realize spinning forming of difficult deformation metal.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spinning forming, in particular to an electric auxiliary spinning forming device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous increase of the demand for lightweight and safety in the fields of aviation, aerospace, transportation and the like, high-strength difficult-to-deform material thin-walled complex hollow rotary body parts have been more and more applied.

[0003] Spinning, as a typical point loading plastic local plastic forming process, has the characteristics of low forming force, simple forming tool and high material utilization rate, and is one of the advantageous technologies for manufacturing the above-mentioned thin-walled complex hollow rotary body parts. However, such components have a large deformation resistance and forming defects are prone to occur during spinning forming, greatly increasing the manufacturing difficulty.

[0004] In recent years, researchers have proposed that an electric current can be passed during spinning forming to assist in manufacturing parts by using the electroplasticity effect of metal materials, which is called electric auxiliary spinning forming. However, the existing electric auxiliary spinning forming technical solutions mostly adopt a spinning wheel directly contacting the blank to conduct the electric current. In this form of electrical contact, the contact area changes constantly, on the one hand, it is easy to produce electric spark discharge phenomenon, ablate the surface of the component and the spinning wheel profile, reducing the forming precision of the component; on the other hand, it has a large contact resistance, according to Ohm's law, the electric current will be concentrated in this area, making the current density and temperature distribution on the blank uneven, thus intensifying the uneven deformation during spinning, and the workpiece is prone to breakage. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an electric auxiliary spinning forming device and method to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An electric auxiliary spinning forming device, comprising:

[0008] A clamping assembly arranged on a machine tool for clamping a metal blank;

[0009] A workpiece forming assembly arranged on the machine tool for spinning plastic processing of the metal blank;

[0010] A current applying mechanism arranged on the workpiece forming assembly and in close contact with the metal blank, the workpiece forming assembly being capable of driving the current applying mechanism to move synchronously to perform electric heating treatment on the metal blank.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application: the clamping assembly comprises a core mold adapter disc connected with the spindle bolt / nut of the machine tool, a core mold insulation base plate is fixed on the core mold adapter disc, a core mold penetrating the core mold insulation base plate is installed on the core mold adapter disc, the core mold clamps the metal blank together with the tail top, the tail top is connected with the tailstock screw of the machine tool, and a tail top insulation base plate is fixed between the tail top and the tailstock of the machine tool.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application: the workpiece forming assembly comprises a cam wheel frame and a 90-degree tool bar connected with the slide screw of the machine tool, support insulation base plates and insulation sleeves are respectively fixed between the slide of the machine tool and the cam wheel frame and the 90-degree tool bar, a cam wheel is rotatably installed on the cam wheel frame, the cam wheel is in close contact with the metal blank and moves according to a set trajectory to shape the metal blank.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application: the current applying mechanism comprises first conductive head mechanism connecting plates fixedly installed on the cam wheel frame, and second conductive head mechanism connecting plates fixed on the 90-degree tool bar, and guide assemblies are arranged on the first conductive head mechanism connecting plates and the second conductive head mechanism connecting plates.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application: the guide assemblies comprise longitudinal guide rails fixedly installed on the first conductive head mechanism connecting plates and the second conductive head mechanism connecting plates, longitudinal sliding blocks are slidingly installed on the longitudinal guide rails, and guide structures are arranged on the longitudinal sliding blocks.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application: the guide structures comprise horizontal-longitudinal guide rail adapter plates fixedly installed on the longitudinal sliding blocks, horizontal guide rails are fixed on the horizontal-longitudinal guide rail adapter plates, horizontal sliding blocks are slidingly installed on the horizontal guide rails, and conductive head mechanisms are fixed on the horizontal sliding blocks.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present application: the conductive head mechanisms comprise fixed parts fixedly connected with the horizontal sliding blocks, sliding rods are slidingly installed in the fixed parts, compression springs are sleeved in the sliding rods, and tightening screws abutting against the compression springs are movably installed in the fixed parts.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present application: the conductive head mechanisms further comprise adapter parts threadedly installed on the sliding rods, the adapter parts are threadedly connected with connecting parts, cooling water baffles are fixed in the connecting parts, the connecting parts are threadedly connected with end parts, annular clamps are fixed on the outer walls of the adapter parts and the connecting parts, the annular clamps are composed of two identical parts, one end is clamped by two sets of bolts and nuts, and the other end is connected with the positive / negative poles of the pulse power supply.

[0018] An electric auxiliary spinning forming method, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step one: install tooling and blank, install spinning core mold, core mold adapter, tail top, spinning wheel frame, spinning wheel and 90 degree tool bar, and core mold insulation pad, support insulation pad, tail top insulation pad and insulation sleeve on the machine tool, fix current application mechanism on spinning wheel frame and 90 degree tool bar respectively, clamp metal blank on core mold with tail top;

[0020] Step two: apply lubricating grease, apply high-temperature-resistant copper-based lubricating grease on the front and back of the metal blank;

[0021] Step three: adjust the initial relative position of the conductive head mechanism, spinning wheel and metal blank, move the spinning wheel frame by controlling the machine tool slide, so that the spinning wheel is in the spinning position; move the 90 degree tool bar by controlling the machine tool slide, and adjust the horizontal guide rail and the vertical guide rail, as well as the longitudinal slide and the horizontal slide, so that the tail top side conductive head mechanism is symmetrically arranged with the spinning wheel about the tail top; adjust the horizontal guide rail and the vertical guide rail, as well as the longitudinal slide and the horizontal slide, so that the core mold side conductive head mechanism is located behind the spinning wheel; adjust the tightening screw, so that the end of the conductive head mechanism is in close contact with the metal blank;

[0022] Step four: circulate cooling water to the conductive head mechanism, and connect the pulse power supply and the conductive head mechanism with wires;

[0023] Step five: rotate the core mold and preheat the metal blank, start the machine tool spindle, so that the spinning core mold, tail top and metal blank rotate together at a speed v; start the pulse power supply; control the reciprocating motion of the tail top side and core mold side conductive head mechanisms along the radial direction of the metal blank by moving the machine tool slide, so that the overall temperature of the metal blank reaches the spinning interval, and the temperature gradient existing in each part is reduced;

[0024] Step six: spinning forming, after preheating the metal blank, the conductive head mechanism moves to the relative position determined in step three; control the spinning wheel frame and the 90 degree tool bar to move synchronously according to the set trajectory by numerical control programming, and complete the electric auxiliary spinning forming;

[0025] Step seven: after the spinning forming is completed, turn off the pulse power supply and the circulating cooling water; stop the spindle rotation; remove the conductive head mechanism; remove the tail top; take down the spinning part.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: the application can introduce the current output by the pulse power into the spinning plastic deformation area by arranging the current application mechanism on the front and back of the metal blank and adjusting the relative position of the current application mechanism and the spinning wheel action area, accelerate the dislocation movement and organizational evolution by using the electroplastic effect generated by the current, thereby reducing the material deformation resistance and improving the spinning forming quality of the component; at the same time, the tungsten-copper alloy is used to make the end part of the conductive head mechanism, the compression spring is used to make the end part in close contact with the metal blank, the high-temperature-resistant copper-based lubricating grease is used to increase the conductivity of the contact area, and the circulating cooling water is used to reduce the temperature of the contact area, so that the electric spark discharge of the contact area between the conductive head mechanism and the metal blank can be effectively inhibited. On the one hand, the surface roughness of the formed component is improved, and the spinning forming precision is improved; on the other hand, the wear of the spinning wheel profile is avoided, the service life of the spinning wheel is prolonged, and the processing cost is reduced.

[0027] By reciprocating the conductive head mechanism in the radial direction of the metal blank before spinning forming, the overall temperature of the metal blank can be raised, and the temperature gradient existing in each part can be significantly reduced. The uniformity of the overall temperature of the metal blank is helpful to reduce the degree of uneven deformation of spinning and inhibit the occurrence of workpiece cracking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Fig. 1 Structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electric auxiliary spinning forming device.

[0029] Fig. 2 Partial top view structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electric auxiliary spinning forming device.

[0030] Fig. 3 Structure schematic diagram of the conductive head mechanism in an embodiment of the electric auxiliary spinning forming device.

[0031] Fig. 4 Half-section structure schematic diagram of the conductive head mechanism in an embodiment of the electric auxiliary spinning forming device.

[0032] In the figure: 1, core mold adapter plate; 2, core mold insulation pad; 3, core mold; 4, longitudinal guide rail; 5, longitudinal sliding block; 6, transverse guide rail; 7, transverse and longitudinal guide rail adapter plate; 8, transverse sliding block; 9, first conductive head mechanism connecting plate; 10, support insulation pad; 11, spinning wheel frame; 12, spinning wheel; 13, tail top; 14, tail top insulation pad; 15, second conductive head mechanism connecting plate; 16, 90-degree tool bar; 17, insulation sleeve; 18, metal blank; 19, conductive head mechanism; 191, end part; 192, connecting part; 193, cooling water baffle; 194, annular clasp; 195, adapter part; 196, sliding rod; 197, fixed part; 198, compression spring; 199, tightening screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] In addition, the elements in the present application are referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, which can be directly on another element or can have a middle element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or can have a middle element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation.

[0035] Please refer to Figs. 1-4 In the embodiments of the present application, an electric auxiliary spinning forming device comprises:

[0036] The clamping assembly is arranged on the machine tool and is used for clamping the metal blank 18. The clamping assembly comprises a core mold adapter disc 1 which is bolted / nutted with the main shaft of the machine tool. The core mold adapter disc 1 is fixed with a core mold insulation pad 2. The core mold 3 is installed on the core mold adapter disc 1 and penetrates the core mold insulation pad 2. The core mold 3 clamps the metal blank 18 together with the tail top 13. The tail top 13 is connected with the tailstock screw of the machine tool. The tail top 13 is fixed with a tail top insulation pad 14 between the tail top 13 and the tailstock of the machine tool.

[0037] In detail, when the metal blank 18 is processed, the metal blank 18 needs to be fixed between the core mold 3 and the tail top 13 through the tailstock of the machine tool. Therefore, the metal blank 18 can be placed between the tail top 13 and the core mold 3, and the tail top 13 is controlled to move towards the core mold 3 through the tailstock of the machine tool. When the two sides of the metal blank 18 abut against the core mold 3 and the tail top 13 respectively, the metal blank 18 is fixed. At this time, the core mold 3 is controlled to rotate through the main shaft of the machine tool to drive the metal blank 18 and the tail top 13 to rotate. The tailstock can be pushed by a hydraulic cylinder or the position thereof can be adjusted by a lead screw, which is not limited in the present application.

[0038] A workpiece forming assembly is arranged on the machine tool and used for spinning plastic processing of the metal blank 18. The workpiece forming assembly comprises a spinning wheel frame 11 and a 90-degree tool bar 16 which are screw-connected with the machine tool slide. The machine tool slide is fixed with a support insulating base plate 10 and an insulating sleeve 17 between the spinning wheel frame 11 and the 90-degree tool bar 16 respectively. The spinning wheel frame 11 is rotationally installed with a spinning wheel 12. The spinning wheel 12 is in close contact with the metal blank 18 and moves along a set track, so as to form the metal blank 18.

[0039] It should be noted that the 90-degree tool bar 16 is used for carrying a current applying mechanism. When the metal blank 18 needs to be processed, the positions of the spinning wheel frame 11 and the 90-degree tool bar 16 can be adjusted by the machine tool slide, so that the current applying mechanism and the spinning wheel 12 move to the required positions. The core mold insulating base plate 2, the support insulating base plate 10, the tail top insulating base plate 14 and the insulating sleeve 17 are made of POM plastic, which is used for isolating the current on the spinning tooling mold and preventing damage to the machine tool.

[0040] A current applying mechanism is arranged on the workpiece forming assembly and is in close contact with the metal blank 18. The workpiece forming assembly can drive the current applying mechanism to move synchronously, so as to perform electric heating treatment on the metal blank 18. The current applying mechanism comprises a first conductive head mechanism connecting plate 9 which is fixedly installed on the spinning wheel frame 11. The 90-degree tool bar 16 is fixed with a second conductive head mechanism connecting plate 15. The first conductive head mechanism connecting plate 9 and the second conductive head mechanism connecting plate 15 are provided with a guide assembly. The guide assembly comprises longitudinal guide rails 4 which are fixedly installed on the first conductive head mechanism connecting plate 9 and the second conductive head mechanism connecting plate 15 respectively. Longitudinal sliding blocks 5 are slidingly installed on the longitudinal guide rails 4. The longitudinal sliding blocks 5 are provided with a guide structure. The guide structure comprises a horizontal and vertical guide rail adapter plate 7 which is fixedly installed on the longitudinal sliding blocks 5. The horizontal and vertical guide rail adapter plate 7 is fixed with horizontal guide rails 6. The horizontal guide rails 6 are slidingly installed with horizontal sliding blocks 8. The horizontal sliding blocks 8 are fixed with conductive head mechanisms 19.

[0041] Further, when the positions of the conductive head mechanisms 19 need to be adjusted, the longitudinal sliding blocks 5 can be moved at this time, so as to adjust the spacing between the conductive head mechanisms 19 and the metal blank 18 through the horizontal guide rails 6 and the horizontal sliding blocks 8. When the longitudinal position adjustment of the conductive head mechanisms 19 is completed, the horizontal sliding blocks 8 can be controlled to slide along the horizontal guide rails 6, so as to adjust the spacing at the rotation center of the conductive head mechanisms 19 and the metal blank 18. The tail top 13 side conductive head mechanisms 19 are symmetrically arranged about the tail top 13 relative to the spinning wheel 12. The core mold 3 side conductive head mechanisms 19 are located behind the spinning wheel 12.

[0042] The conductive head mechanism 19 comprises a fixed part 197 fixedly connected with the transverse slider 8, a sliding rod 196 slidably installed in the fixed part 197, a compression spring 198 sleeved in the sliding rod 196, and a tightening screw 199 movably installed in the fixed part 197 and abutting against the compression spring 198, wherein the conductive head mechanism 19 further comprises an adapter 195 threadedly installed on the sliding rod 196, the adapter 195 is threadedly connected with a connecting part 192, the connecting part 192 is fixedly provided with a cooling water baffle 193, the connecting part 192 is threadedly connected with an end part 191, the adapter 195 and the connecting part 192 are fixedly provided with an annular clasp 194, the annular clasp 194 is composed of two identical parts, one end is clamped by two sets of bolts and nuts, and the other end is connected with positive / negative poles of a pulse power supply.

[0043] Further, when the position adjustment of the conductive head mechanism 19 is completed, the screwing depth of the tightening screw 199 can be adjusted, so that the end part 191 of the conductive head mechanism 19 can be in close contact with the metal blank 18 under the pressure of the compression spring 198, at this time, circulating cooling water can be supplied into the connecting part 192, under the action of the cooling water baffle 193, the flow speed of the cooling water is increased, so as to enhance the cooling effect of the conductive head mechanism 19; in order to further increase the conductivity of the contact area, the spherical end part 191 is made of tungsten-copper alloy; high-temperature-resistant copper-based lubricating grease is used to lubricate between the end part 191 and the blank 18, which can also increase the conductivity of the contact area; on the basis of the above measures, the pulse power supply is connected with the conductive head mechanism 19 by a wire; at this time, the machine tool spindle controls the core die 3, the tail top 13 and the metal blank 18 to rotate, controls the conductive head mechanism 19 on the tail top 13 side and the core die 3 side to reciprocate along the radial direction of the metal blank 18, so that the overall temperature of the metal blank 18 reaches the spinning interval, and the temperature gradient existing in each part is reduced, at this time, the spinning wheel 12 moves according to the set track, so as to perform spinning plastic processing on the metal blank 18.

[0044] Preferably, under the action of the conductive head mechanism 19, the dislocation movement and organizational evolution can be accelerated by using the electroplastic effect generated by the current, so as to reduce the material deformation resistance and improve the quality of the spinning forming of the component. At the same time, the tungsten-copper alloy is used to make the end part of the conductive head mechanism, the compression spring is used to make the end part in close contact with the metal blank, the lubricating grease is used to increase the conductivity of the contact area, and the circulating cooling water is used to reduce the temperature of the contact area, so that the electric spark discharge of the contact area between the conductive head mechanism 19 and the metal blank 18 can be effectively inhibited. On the one hand, the surface roughness of the formed component is improved, and the spinning forming precision is improved; on the other hand, the wear of the profile of the spinning wheel 12 is avoided, the service life of the spinning wheel 12 is prolonged, and the processing cost is reduced. By reciprocating the conductive head mechanism 19 in the radial direction of the metal blank 18 before spinning forming, the overall temperature of the metal blank 18 can be raised, the temperature gradient existing in each part can be significantly reduced, and the uniformity of the overall temperature of the metal blank 18 is increased, which helps to reduce the degree of uneven deformation of spinning and inhibit the occurrence of workpiece cracking.

[0045] An electrically assisted spinning forming method, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step one: install the tooling die and the blank, install the spinning core die 3, the core die adapter plate 1, the tail top 13, the spinning wheel frame 11, the spinning wheel 12 and the 90-degree tool bar 16 on the machine tool, and install the core die insulation pad 2, the support insulation pad 10, the tail top insulation pad 14 and the insulation sleeve 17 on the machine tool, fix the current application mechanism on the spinning wheel frame 11 and the 90-degree tool bar 16 respectively, and clamp the metal blank 18 on the core die 3 with the tail top 13;

[0047] Step two: apply lubricating grease, apply high-temperature-resistant copper-based lubricating grease on the front and back surfaces of the metal blank 18;

[0048] Step three: adjust the initial relative position of the conductive head mechanism 19, the spinning wheel 12 and the metal blank 18, move the spinning wheel frame 11 by controlling the sliding table of the machine tool, so that the spinning wheel 12 is in the spinning position; move the 90-degree tool bar 16 by controlling the sliding table of the machine tool, and adjust the horizontal guide rail 6 and the longitudinal guide rail 4, as well as the longitudinal sliding block 5 and the horizontal sliding block 8, so that the tail top 13 side conductive head mechanism 19 is symmetrically arranged about the tail top 13 with the spinning wheel 12; adjust the horizontal guide rail 6 and the longitudinal guide rail 4, as well as the longitudinal sliding block 5 and the horizontal sliding block 8, so that the core die 3 side conductive head mechanism 19 is located behind the spinning wheel 12; adjust the tightening screw 199, so that the end part 191 of the conductive head mechanism 19 is in close contact with the metal blank 18;

[0049] Step four: circulate cooling water to the conductive head mechanism 19, and connect the pulse power supply and the conductive head mechanism 19 with wires;

[0050] Step five: rotating the core die 3 and preheating the metal blank, starting the machine spindle, rotating the core die 3, the tail top 13 and the metal blank 18 together at a speed v; starting the pulse power supply; by moving the machine tool slide, controlling the reciprocating movement of the conductive head mechanism 19 on the tail top 13 side and the core die 3 side along the radial direction of the metal blank 18, the overall temperature of the metal blank 18 reaches the spinning interval, reducing the temperature gradient existing in each part;

[0051] Step six: spinning forming, after the preheating of the metal blank 18 is completed, the conductive head mechanism 19 moves to the relative position determined in step three; through numerical control programming, the spinning wheel frame 11 and the 90-degree tool bar 16 are controlled to move synchronously according to the set trajectory, and the electric auxiliary spinning forming is completed;

[0052] Step seven: after the spinning forming is completed, the pulse power supply and the circulating cooling water are turned off; the spindle rotation is stopped; the conductive head mechanism 19 is removed; the tail top 13 is removed; and the spinning part is taken off.

[0053] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to encompass all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0054] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be properly combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. An electro-assisted spinning forming method, which is performed using an electro-assisted spinning forming device, characterized by, The electric auxiliary spinning forming device comprises: A clamping assembly arranged on a machine tool for clamping a metal blank (18); A workpiece forming assembly arranged on the machine tool for spinning plastic processing of the metal blank (18); A current applying mechanism arranged on the workpiece forming assembly and in close contact with the metal blank (18), the workpiece forming assembly being capable of driving the current applying mechanism to move synchronously to perform electric heating treatment on the metal blank (18); The clamping assembly comprises a core mold adapter disc (1) connected with a machine tool spindle bolt / nut, the core mold adapter disc (1) being fixed with a core mold insulation pad (2), the core mold adapter disc (1) being provided with a core mold (3) penetrating through the core mold insulation pad (2), the core mold (3) and a tail top (13) jointly clamping the metal blank (18), the tail top (13) being connected with a machine tool tailstock screw, the tail top (13) being fixed with a tail top insulation pad (14) between the machine tool tailstock; The workpiece forming assembly comprises a spinning wheel frame (11) and a 90-degree tool bar (16) connected with a machine tool slide table screw, the machine tool slide table being fixed with a support insulation pad (10) and an insulation sleeve (17) between the spinning wheel frame (11) and the 90-degree tool bar (16), respectively, the spinning wheel frame (11) being rotatably provided with a spinning wheel (12), the spinning wheel (12) being in close contact with the metal blank (18) and moving according to a set track to form the metal blank (18); The current applying mechanism comprises a first conductive head mechanism connecting plate (9) fixedly installed on the spinning wheel frame (11), the 90-degree tool bar (16) being fixed with a second conductive head mechanism connecting plate (15), the first conductive head mechanism connecting plate (9) and the second conductive head mechanism connecting plate (15) being provided with a guide assembly; The guide assembly comprises longitudinal guide rails (4) fixedly installed on the first conductive head mechanism connecting plate (9) and the second conductive head mechanism connecting plate (15), respectively, the longitudinal guide rails (4) being slidably provided with longitudinal sliding blocks (5), the longitudinal sliding blocks (5) being provided with a guide structure; The guide structure comprises a horizontal and vertical guide rail adapter plate (7) fixedly installed on the longitudinal sliding blocks (5), the horizontal and vertical guide rail adapter plate (7) being fixed with horizontal guide rails (6), the horizontal guide rails (6) being slidably provided with horizontal sliding blocks (8), the horizontal sliding blocks (8) being fixed with conductive head mechanisms (19); The electric auxiliary spinning forming method comprises: Step one: installing tooling molds and blanks, the spinning core mold (3), the core mold adapter disc (1), the tail top (13), the spinning wheel frame (11), the spinning wheel (12) and the 90-degree tool bar (16) and the core mold insulation pad (2), the support insulation pad (10), the tail top insulation pad (14) and the insulation sleeve (17) being installed on the machine tool, the current applying mechanism being fixed on the spinning wheel frame (11) and the 90-degree tool bar (16), respectively, the metal blank (18) being clamped on the core mold (3) by the tail top (13); Step two: Apply lubricating grease, apply high-temperature-resistant copper-based lubricating grease to the front and back of the metal blank (18); Step three: Adjust the initial relative position of the conductive head mechanism (19), the spinning wheel (12) and the metal blank (18), move the spinning wheel frame (11) by controlling the machine tool slide, so that the spinning wheel (12) is in the spinning position; by controlling the machine tool slide to move the 90-degree tool bar (16) by 90 degrees, and adjusting the transverse guide rail (6) and the longitudinal guide rail (4), as well as the longitudinal sliding block (5) and the transverse sliding block (8), the tail top (13) side conductive head mechanism (19) and the spinning wheel (12) are symmetrically arranged about the tail top (13); adjust the transverse guide rail (6) and the longitudinal guide rail (4), as well as the longitudinal sliding block (5) and the transverse sliding block (8), so that the core mold (3) side conductive head mechanism (19) is located behind the spinning wheel (12); adjust the tightening screw (199), so that the end (191) of the conductive head mechanism (19) is in close contact with the metal blank (18); Step four: Circulating cooling water is supplied to the conductive head mechanism (19), and wires are connected to the pulse power supply and the conductive head mechanism (19); Step five: Rotate the core mold (3) and preheat the metal blank, start the machine tool spindle, so that the spinning core mold (3), the tail top (13) and the metal blank (18) rotate together at a speed v; start the pulse power supply; by moving the machine tool slide, control the tail top (13) side and core mold (3) side conductive head mechanism (19) reciprocating motion along the radial direction of the metal blank (18), so that the overall temperature of the metal blank (18) reaches the spinning interval, and the temperature gradient existing in each part is reduced; Step six: Spinning forming, after the preheating of the metal blank (18) is completed, the conductive head mechanism (19) moves to the relative position determined in step three; through numerical control programming, control the spinning wheel frame (11) and the 90-degree tool bar (16) to move synchronously according to the set trajectory, complete the electric auxiliary spinning forming; Step seven: After the spinning forming is completed, the pulse power supply and the circulating cooling water are turned off; stop the spindle rotation; remove the conductive head mechanism (19); remove the tail top (13); remove the spinning part.

2. The electro-assisted spinning method of claim 1, wherein, The conductive head mechanism (19) includes a fixed part (197) fixedly connected with the transverse sliding block (8), a sliding rod (196) slidably installed in the fixed part (197), a compression spring (198) sleeved in the sliding rod (196), and a tightening screw (199) movably installed in the fixed part (197) and abutting against the compression spring (198).

3. The electro-assisted spinning method of claim 2, wherein, The conductive head mechanism (19) further includes an adapter (195) threadedly installed on the sliding rod (196), the adapter (195) is threadedly connected with a connecting part (192), the connecting part (192) is fixedly connected with a cooling water baffle (193), the connecting part (192) is threadedly connected with an end part (191), and the adapter (195) and the connecting part (192) are fixedly connected with an annular clasp (194) on the outer wall, the annular clasp (194) is composed of two same parts, one end is clamped by two sets of bolts and nuts, and the other end is connected with the positive / negative electrode of the pulse power supply.

Images